期中Unit1-Unit4语法复习课件人教版八年级英语上册

新八上期中复习课件Unit1-Unit4语法复习单元语法复合不定代词含义：分类用法注意事项Unit1语法复习

（一）

由some、any、no、every加上-body、-one、thing构成的不定代词叫作复合不定代词。

复合不定代词只相当于名词，在句中用作主语、宾语或表语。

（除了noone以外，其他复合不定代词都写成一个词。)含义：分类指人指人指物onebodythingsome-someone某人somebody某人something某物any-anyone任何人/某人anybody某人/任何人anything某物/任何物no-noone没有人nobody没有人nothing没事，没有every-everyone每个人everybody每个人everything一切，每件事用法1.复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。e.g.1.EveryonesaysYulongMountainisbeautiful. 2.Nobodyknowswhatthefuturewillbelike.2.复合不定代词被定语(形容词、不定式、else等)修饰时,

定语要后置e.g.1.Didyoudoanythingfunonyourholiday?2.Ididnothingspecial.3.some-类

常用于肯定句；any-类

常用于否定句和疑问句。e.g.1.Iwanttobuysomethingspecialformygrandmother.2.Doyouhaveanythingtobuy?注意：在表示请求、建议或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中，

要用some-类复合不定代词Wouldyoulikesomething

toeat?复合代词有特长，修饰成分放后边。如果它来作主语，谓语单数没商量。some-代词肯定句，any-代词否、疑忙。若是希望得肯定，some-代词不相让。巧记复合不定代词的用法一、单项选择1.（2025·黑龙江·中考）Iamreallytiredafterthebasketballgame.________isbetterthanagoodrest.A．Everything B．Something C．Nothing2.（（2024·内蒙古·中考）Iadviseyounottoshow________onWechatbecauseitmaycausetrouble.A．anythingpersonal B．personalanythingC．somethingpersonal D．personalsomething3.（2025·四川遂宁·中考）—AtChengduResearchBase,thepanda,Huahua,isverypopularandpeoplestandinalonglinetoseeher.—Sheissolovelythat________couldsaynotoher.A．everybody B．anybody C．somebody D．nobody针对训练1.Doyouhave________

newtotellme?2.Mywatchdoesn'twork.Thereis_________

wrongwithit.3.Wouldyoulike_________

todrink?4.Putitdown,Richard.Youmustn'tread_______else'sletter.something,anything,nothing,everything,someone,anyone,noone,everyoneanythingsomethingsomethinganyone二、根据句意用方框里的词填空。5.________likesmoney，butmoneyisnot__________．6._______iswatchingTV.Let'sturnitoff.7._______ismoreimportantthanlife.8.—________isknocking(敲)atthedoor.

—Gotoseewhoitis.EveryoneeverythingNooneNothingSomeone单元语法2一般过去时时间状语含义常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday、lastweekend/night及“一段时间+ago”等表示过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。。句式结构-般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+其他?Wasitsunnyyesterday?昨天天气晴朗吗?谓语动词为be动词谓语动词为实义动词

否定句:主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他.Hedidn'tgotothecinemayesterday.他昨天没去看电影。肯定句:主语+was/were+其他.Youwerelateforschoolthismorning.你今天早上上学迟到了。

肯定句:主语+动词过去式+其他Iwrotealetterlastnight.昨晚我写了一封信。否定句:主语+was/were+not+其他,Mikewasnotathomeyesterday.迈克昨天不在家。-般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+其他?DidyouseeLindainthelibrary?你在图书馆看见琳达了吗?

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他?Whatdidyoudolastweekend?你上周末干什么了?Unit1语法复习(二）动词过去式变化规则规则变化类别构成方法例词与发音读音规则直一般情况加-edplay-played/pleɪd/offer-offered/ˈɒfəd/清辅音后读/t/浊辅音和元音后读/d//t/和/d/后面读/id/去以e结尾的动词去e加-edlike-liked/laɪkt/hate-hated/ˈheɪtɪd/双以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-edplan-planned/plænd/stop-stopped/stɒpt/变以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词变y为i，再加-edcry-cried/kraɪd/study-studied/ˈstʌdid/类别例词不规则原形cutcutputputhurthurtreadreadshutshut不规则dodidgowentflyflewcomecamedrivedroveseesawmeetmetgetgotfindfoundspeakspoke

runranhavehadgivegaveswimswameatatetaketookloselostmakemade

易错点一、在否定句和疑问句中误用动词过去式❌Ididn'twenttoBeijing.✅

Ididn'tgotoBeijing.❌Didyousawthefilm?✅Didyouseethefilm?二、Be动词与实义动词混用❌IwaswenttoBeijing.(was和went都是动词)✅

IwenttoBeijing.✅

IwasinBeijing.三、不规则动词记错❌Igoedtothepark.(go的过去式是went)✅Iwenttothepark.单元语法一、单项选择1.（2025·北京·中考）—Peter,didyouplaytabletenniswithyourfriendsafterschoolyesterday?—No,Ididn’t.We________vegetablesinourschoolgarden.A．water B．havewatered C．watered D．aregoingtowater2.（2025·绥化·中考）OntheDragonBoatFestival,mymothercookeddeliciouszongziand________themontheplate.A．laid B．lay C．lain3.（2024·内蒙古·中考）InChina,hotpothasahistoryofover1,000years.Itfirst________intheMongoliaarea,andthenbecamepopularinthesouthernpartofChina.A．hasappeared B．appears C．willappear D．appeared针对训练1.I_________(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.2._________she_________(practice)theguitaryesterday?No,she_________.3.---What________Tom________(do)onSaturdayevening?

---He________(watch)TVand________(read)aninterestingbook.hadDidpracticedidn’tdiddowatchedread4.Theyall________(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.5.She_________(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.

She________(stay)athomeand_________(do)somecleaning.wentdidn’tvisitdidstayed二、用所给词的适当形式填空。Couldyouplease…CouldI…Canyou…CanI…请求许可基本句型：Canyou+动词原形...?Couldyou+动词原形...?基本句型：CanI+动词原形...?CouldI+动词原形...?Unit2语法复习

can和could的基本用法

单元语法

can的三种核心用法1.表示能力IcanspeakEnglish.Shecanplaythepiano.2.表示许可Youcanusemypen.CanIgoouttonight?3.表示请求Canyouhelpme?CanIhavesomewater?

could的基本用法1.表示过去的能力WhenIwasfive,Icouldread.Hecouldswimwhenhewassix.2.表示礼貌的请求Couldyouopenthewindow?CouldIuseyourphone?3.表示建议Wecouldgotothecinema.Youcouldaskyourteacher.canvscould的区别用法Can(现在/非正式)Could(过去/礼貌)一句话说明能力✅现在有能力

I

can

swim.✅过去有能力

I

could

swim.谈能力，现在用can，过去用could。请求✅非正式请求

Can

youhelpme?✅

更礼貌的请求

Could

youhelpme?想客气，就把

can换成could。许可✅

给予或征求许可

You

can

go.

Can

Igo?✅

只用于征求许可

Could

Igo?关键点：问句可以用Could，但答句给许可时，要用Can（如：Yes,you

can.)可能性✅理论上的可能

It

can

becold.✅推测的可能

It

could

rain.Could

的语气更不确定。记忆口诀：现在用can，过去用could请求许可都可以，could更加有礼貌回答肯定回答（同意请求/给予许可）回答方式语气例句Sure.

/

Ofcourse.最常用、最自然-A:Can/CouldIuseyourpen?

-B:

Sure.Certainly.比较正式-A:Couldyouhelpme?

-B:

Certainly.Yes,youcan.明确给予许可-A:CouldIopenthewindow?

-B:

Yes,youcan.Noproblem.非常随意、友好-A:Canyoupassmethesalt?

-B:

Noproblem.Goahead.专门用于表示许可-A:CanIaskaquestion?

-B:

Goahead.

(问吧)回答否定回答（拒绝请求/不允许）回答方式语气例句Sorry,I'mafraidnot.最礼貌、委婉-A:CouldIleaveearly?

-B:

Sorry,I'mafraidnot.No,youcan't.直接、明确-A:CanIplaygames?

-B:

No,youcan't.I'msorry,but...礼貌并给出理由-A:Couldyoudrivemehome?

-B:

I'msorry,butIhavetoworklate.单元语法一、单项选择1.________youpleasehelpmemakeaflyerforWorldWildlifeDay?A．Could B．Should C．Must D．Need2.Yourlittlebrother______playChinesechessverywellnow.—Yes,buthe______doitlastyear.A．can;could B．could;couldn’t C．can;couldn’t3.—CouldIgooutwithmyfriendstonight?—Sure,you________.Butyoumustcomebackby10.A．might B．could C．can4.Mylittlesister_______walkwhenshewasoneyearold.A.canB.couldC.willD.shall针对训练二、用can,could,can't,couldn't填空

I'msorry,I______helpyourightnow.I'mtoobusy.______youplaythepianowhenyouwerefive?It'sveryloudinhere.______youpleasespeakalittlelouder?He______cometothephonebecausehewasintheshower.______Iaskyouaquestionaboutthehomework?We______seetheoceanfromourhotelwindow.Theviewwasamazing!You______usemycalculatorifyouneedto.I______findmykeysthismorning.Haveyouseenthem?______youtellmehowtogettothepostoffice?She______speakthreelanguages:English,French,andChinese.can'tCouldCan/Couldcouldn'tCan/Couldcouldcancouldn'tCan/Couldcan单元语法形容词和副词比较级含义：构成用法注意事项Unit3语法复习

单元语法

形容词和副词的比较级用于两者之间的比较，表示“更……”的含义，说明一方在程度、性质、状态等方面比另一方更突出。例：TomistallerthanMike.汤姆比迈克高。例：Sherunsfasterthanme.她跑得比我快。含义

规则变化

构成方法原级比较级talltallerfinefinerbigfatbiggerfatterheavyearlyheavierearlieroutgoingmoreoutgoing单音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾加-er以字母e结尾，在词尾加-r重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再加-er以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”改为“i”,再加-er在词前加more多音节词和部分双音节词构成形容词和副词的比较级—用法比较级+than“less+原级（多音节词或部分双音节词）+than”表示“前者不及后者……”“比较级+and+比较级”或“moreandmore+形容词/副词原级”，表示“越来越……”，其后均不可接than。“The+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越……，越……：。“Which/Who…+比较级，AorB?”表示“A和B，哪一个/谁更……？”“the+比较级+ofthetwo…”结构，表示“两者中比较……的一个”。“A…+倍数+比较级+than+B”表示“A是B的多少倍”。“比较级+thananyother+名词单数”=“比较级+than+theother+名词复数”用法单元语法不规则变化（少数词的比较级变化无规律，需特殊记忆）：good/well→better（好的/好地）bad/badly/ill→worse（坏的/坏地/生病的）many/much→more（许多）little→less（少的）far→farther（距离远）/further（程度深，进一步）注意事项单元语法一、单项选择1．—IsyourfriendLilyveryoutgoing?—Yes,sheis________thanme.A．muchoutgoing B．moreoutgoing C．mostoutgoing D．alittleoutgoing2．________carefulyouare,________mistakesyou’llmake.A．Themore;theless B．Thefewer;themoreC．Themore;thefewer D．Thefewer;theless3．—Howdoyoulikethecountryside?—It’s________thanthebigcities.Ilovethepeacethere.A．quiet B．quieter C．quietest D．thequietest4．Thegirlis________thantheboy.A．thinner B．thin C．thinnest5．Myshoesare________than________.A．bigger;yours B．biggest;yours C．bigger;your针对训练1.Hollyis_____________(outgoing)thanhersisterMolly.2.—Whois______(good)atcooking,yourmotheroryourfather?

—Mymother.Ithinkthefoodshecooksis______________(delicious)．3.Mybestfriendis_______(thin)thanme.4.Tinais_____________

(popular)thanBettyintheirschool.5.Mysisterisfouryears______(old)thanme.moreoutgoingbettermoredeliciousthinnermorepopularolder二、用所给词的适当形式填空。单元语法形容词和副词的最高级含义：形容词和副词的比较级用于三者或三者以上的比较，表示“最……”的含义，说明一方在某一方面超过其他几个。构成1.一般直接加“est”2.以不发音的“e”结尾，加“st”3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变“y”为“i”加“est”4.以重读闭音节结尾（辅元辅结构），双写尾字母加“est”5.（多音节词和部分双音节词）

在词前加“most”用法1.最高级前边常有of/in/among+比较范围2.常用句型：Which/Who+动词+the+最高级，A,BorC?A+be+oneof+the+形容词最高级+名词复数3.A+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词单数+范围；

4.形容词最高级前面可以用形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，但不能加定冠词the.注意事项1.不规则变化（少数词的最高级变化无规律，需特殊记忆）：good/well→

bestbad/badly/ill→worstmany/much→

mostlittle→

leastfar→

farthest\furthest2.注意：形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，副词最高级前可不加Unit4语法复习

单元语法

形容词和副词的最高级级用于三者或三者以上的比较，表示“最……”的含义，说明一方在某一方面超过其他几个。Eg:Heisthetallestboyinmyclass.他是我班最高的男生。Herunsfastestinmyclass.他在我班跑得最快。注意：形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，副词最高级前可不加含义构成方法原级最高级单音节词和部分双音节词highhighestfinefinestbigbiggesteasyeasiest多音节和部分双音节词carefullymostcarefully规则变化一般，在词汇尾加-est以字母e结尾，词尾加-st“辅元辅”重读闭音节，双写末尾字母，再加-est以“辅音字母+y”结尾，把“y”变为“i”，再加-est在词前加most构成形容词和副词的最高级—用法the+最高级+范围in/of形容词词性物主代词/指示代词/等限定词+形容词的最高级+名词oneofthe+形容词的最高级+名词复数“最。。。之一”the+序数词+最高级。“Which/Who…+比较级，A，BorC?”表示“A、B和C，哪一个/谁最……？”“比较级+thananyother+名词单数”=“比较级+than+theother+名词复数与最高级互换”用法单元语法最高级不规则变化形式Good/well--best(最高级)Bad/badly--worst(最高级)Many/much--most(最高级)Little--least(最高级)Far--farthest/furthe