（译林2024版）英语八上Unit 1培优单元测试（学生版+解析版）

(译林2024版)八年级上册英语单元测试Unit1·培优卷(时间：90分钟，满分：100分)一、单项选择(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)1.AfterwereadthenewspapeA.planB.adviceC.truthD.deci2.WhathonestboyDanielis!Hene—Heisa(n)boyandheshA.creativeB.curiousC.energetic4.TeachersshouldalwaysencouragetheirsA.keeponB.keepingonC.tokeepon5.Theworkishard,andit'sgoiA.alittle;abitB.abitof;alittleofC.alittle;abitofD.abitof;abitof6.ThelittleboyhasbeenmuchsincehevisitedtheA.healthyB.healthierC.healthiestD.thehealthiest7.carefulyouare,A.Themore;thelessB.Thefewer;themoreC.Themore;thefewerD.8.OneofchallengesfortheastronautsinspaceiswritingA.bigB.biggerC.biggestD.thebiggestA.themosthard-working;lessB.morehard-working;moreC.themosthard-working;moreD.mosthard-working;less—Itwasinthepast.However,wecanrealizeitifwetakeanonlA.internationalB.importantC.interestingD.impossible二、完形填空(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)TimJosephisadeliveryman(快递员)inRecently,TallulahwantedtogiveTimabig17.ShedecidedtolearTallulah’smom,AmyRoberts,caughttheirfriendlyinteraction(互动)onvideoand20itontheInternet.Inthevideo,Timsaidhe21fou22morepeople,putsmilesonmorefacesandbringmorepeoplecThevideowas23andgotmany“Likes”.Thefrimanypeople'shearts.Theysaid25reallycouldmakeadiff11.A.neighborsB.childrenC.friend12.A.pushesB.thanks13.A.excitedB.shockedC.ner14.A.busyB.crazyC.lonely15.A.risk16.A.wayB.skillC.hob17.A.planB.feelin19.A.AlthoughB.Unless20.A.comparedB.copiedC.expla21.A.trulyB.seriouslyC.22.A.wakeupB.cheerupC.dressupD.callup23.A.necessaryB.expensiveC.popular24.A.savedB.beatC.followedD25.A.trustB.kindnessC.spirit三、阅读理解(本大题共17小题，每小题2分，共34分)AWhenpeoplehavedifferentopinionsorneeds,conflicts(冲突)mayhappen.NaomiDrew,thewriterofTheKids’GuidetoWorkingOutConflicts:HowtoKeepCool,StaySafe,andGetAlA3:“Winninganargument"isn'talwaysimportant.NexttimewhenyA.Awriter.B.Areporter.C.Aguide.A.Findafriend.B.Under28.WhichofthefollowingisNaomiDrew'sA.Ifanargumenthappens,don'tA.BecauseyouaretooangrytoaccBVanessaandNikihadjustbegunafriendship.Nikiwasnewtotheschool,andVanessahadthoughtsheasnob(势利的人).ThatwasmostlybecauseNikisaidlittle,andbesidesthen,Nikilefthernotebookontheplaygroustilldidn'tunderstandwhyNikiwouldn'ttalktoanyonOneday,Nikiexplainedherself,“Idon'trealeverybodythinksI'maVanessahadanideaforhelpingNiki."Tfmyotherfriendsgettoknowyou,"shetoVanessaandherfriThenextday,VanessaanVanessasaid,"Don'tworry.JustbeyOneofVanessa'sfriejudge(判断)peoplebeforeyouknowthem.HowaboutfindingoutforyourselfinsteadofbelievingeveryrumorAtfirst,nobodysaidmwasright—allshehadtodowastobeherself.AndwhateveryoneelseneededC.Uncertainbuthopeful①OneofVanessa'sfriendscalledNikiasnob.②VanessareturnedNiki'snotebook.③ThegirlstalkedandunderstoodNik34.Whatcanweinfer(推断)aboutVanessa'sfriendsbytheendofthestory?A.Everydoghasitsday.C.Practicemakesperfect.D.Don'tjCWhatbroughtyouandyourfriendcommonreasons,genes(基因)mayalsoplayarole.AccordingtoaUSstudywith1,932people,friendshaveahigherthaninstrangers!Thekinshipcoefficientisaneasywaythigherthenumberis,theclosertherelageneswithyourbestfriendthanwithsomedistant(远房的)familymembers.Thequestionis—whyarepeoplewithahighlevelofthekinshipcoefficientmorelikeTheresearchteamfoundthatmanyofthetoponepercentofsimilargeneshavesomethingtodowiththesenseofsmell.ThismeansthatclosefriendsmaThestudyalsoshowedthatpeoplewhobecomeclosefriendsusuallcollectedsweatsamples(汗液样本)from20pairsoffriends.Theyallbecamecloseinashorttime.Usingofstrangers.So,nexttimeyouhugyourfr36.What'sthewriter'smainpurposeofwritingParA.Tointroduceatopic.C.Toprovideasolution.39.WhichpartofamagazineisthepassaA.Travel.B.Sports.C.ScDPerhapsit'syourmomordad,oranunderstandingfriendwhoreWeallknowthatspendingtimewithgoodfriendsmakesushappier.Scithetest,andhavefoundthatteenfriendshighschoolstudentsinAustraliafoundthatstronsuchasfailingatest.Teensbeingwithfriendswerereportedtohavelowerlevelsolongrun.TheresearchersEachyear,thesepeoplewerealsoaskedtodoasurveytestingtheirleself-worth.Astheresultsshowed,havingclosebondswithfriendswouldreducepeople'slevelsofdepression,andimproveself-worth.Inaddgoodteenagefriendshipsmighthempathy(同理心)totheirclosefriends,whichhelpsthemdevelopbetterparentaninterviewwithPsychologwhenyougrowup.”However,doeshavingmanyfriendsnecessaleadtosocialanxiety.Thekeytoteenfriendshipsliesnotinthenumbofafewgoodones.It'sthedeepunderstandingandevelopnecessarysocialAswecansee,friendshipshopethatfriendshipslastfwayforahappier,morewortB.HavingclosebondswithfamilyreducespeopC.Teenagerscantrainthei42.Whatisthewriter'spuA.Toshowthewaystomakemorefriends.B.ToexploC.Tostressthedifficultyofmakingrealfriends.D.Tointrodu四、选词填空(本大题共11小题，每小题1分，共11分)wonderfulmuchlonelymissedprovideFriendshipisveryimportantinourlife.Ifthereisnofriend,lifewouldbe43toanewcountry,Ididn’thaveanyfriends.andyoucouldn'timaginehowmuchI48TimepassedbyandIhavesomenewfriendsnow.Wthemeverythingandlistentothem.Besides,havinggood(自信的)thanbefore.NowIknowwhenwefeellikecrying.Lifewithoutfriendshipi五、短文填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。61aword,justsmi(they)friends.Thegirlwiththebrightsmilehasbecomeoneof六、任务型阅读(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)Asasayinggoes,"Ifyouhaveagoodfriend,yandlovinghugtoembrace(拥uswhenweneedsupport,justtoknowhowtomakefriThefirststepistoopenyourselfup.Ifyouwanttthoughtsandfeelingswithotherpeoplefirst.Onlywhenyoushafeelings.Ifaconversationisone-sided,thepersondoingallthetalkingmaythinktheOneofthemostimportantkeystobuildingasolid(坚固的)friendshipwithotherpeopleistolistentothemareusuallynotlookingforagreementbutproblems,justletthemknowthatyouarelisteningtothem.RespectingyourfrienfriendswhiletheyaretalkingtoyouisonUnconditionalsupportandencouragementhappy.Onlyinthisway,canthetreeoffriendshiplastforalongtime. 七、书面表达(共10分)74.在你的成长过程中，和朋友一起度过的时光总会让你感到开心快乐，经久难忘。你校英语广播站正在要求：1.词数80-100,开头已为你写好，不计入字数；ifeisablanksheetofpt(译林2024版)八年级上册英语单元测试Unit1·培优卷(时间：90分钟，满分：100分)一、单项选择(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)A.planB.adviceC.truthD.decision【解析】句意：我们看完报纸以后，我们知道了事故的真相。2.WhathonestboyDanielis!HeneverteA.theB.a【解析】句意：Daniel是多么诚实的男孩啊!他从来不说谎，我们都很喜欢他。首个音节是元音音素开头，不定冠词应用an。故选—Heisa(n)boyandheshowsgreatA.creativeB.curiousC.energetic【解析】句意：——你觉得弗兰克怎么样?——他是个好奇的男孩，他对任何新事物都很感兴趣。4.Teachersshouldalways4.TeachersshouldalwaysencouragetheirstudentswhentheymeetwithtrouA.keeponB.keepingon【解析】句意：当学生们遇到困难时，老师们应该总是鼓励他们坚持下去。考查非谓语动词。考查非谓语动词。keepon意为“坚持”,动词原形；keepingon是动名词或现在分词形式；tokeepon是动词这里用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。5.TheworkisA.alittle;abitB.abitof;alittleofC.alittle;abitofD.a【答案】【答案】C【解析】句意：这项工作有点难，而且会花费一些时间。考查短语辨析。alittle有点儿，修饰形容词、副词及其比较级；abit稍微，修饰形容词、副词及其比较级；bit;第二空“time”为不可数名词，应用abitof或alittleof。故选C。A.healthyB.healthierC.healthiestD.thehealth【答案】【答案】B【解析】句意：自从上个月去看医生以来，这个小男孩已经健康得多了。考查比较级。healthy健康的；healthier更健康的；healthiest最健康的；thehealthiest最健康的。根据much可知，空处用比较级，故选B。7.cA.Themore;thelessC.Themore;thefewerD.Thefe【答案】【答案】C【解析】句意：你越仔细，犯的错误就越少。是形容词，用“themore”修饰；后半句“mistakes”是可数名词复数，用“thefewer”修饰。故选C。A.bigB.biggerC.biggestD.thebiggest【答案】D【解析】句意：太空宇航员面临的最大挑战之一是书写。他们用特殊的笔来记录事情。考查形容词最高级用法。big大，原级；bigger更大的，比较级；biggest最大的，最高级；thebiggest最大的，最高级。根据“Oneof...challengesfortheastronautsinspaceiswriting.”可知，此处说的是众多挑战中最大的，“oneof+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”,意为“..…中最……之一”。故选D。9.—DoyouthinkLiuMeiisonA.themosthard-working;lessB.morehard-working;moreC.themosthard-working;moreD.mosthard-working;less【答案】【答案】C【解析】句意：——你认为刘梅是我们班最用功的学生之一吗?——是的，而且她还比其他学生更有创造构为“the+形容词最高级”,hard-working为合成词，最高级形式是在形容词前加most;根据“than”可知，第—Itwasinthepast.However,weA.internationalB.importantC.interestingD.impossi【答案【答案】D【解析】句意：——我们能在一天内环游世界吗?——这在过去是不可能的。然而，如果我们在线旅游，我们就能实现。表示转折，在一天内环游世界在过去是不可能的。故选D。二、完形填空(共15分)(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)TimJosephisadeliveryman(快递员)inEngland.HegoestoaneighborhoodtwiceaweekandhasdevelopedaclosefriendshipwiththepeopletherTallulah.Tallulahdoesn'Recently,TallulahwantedtogiveTimabig17.Shedecidedtolearnsignlanguage(手势语)Thevideowas2311.A.neighborsB.childrenC.f12.A.pushesB.thanks13.A.excited14.A.busyB.crazyC.lonely15.A.riskB.deal16.A.way18.A.write19.A.AlthoughB.UnlessC.Wh20.A.comparedB.copiedC.explainedD.shar21.A.trulyB.seriouslyC.quietly22.A.wakeupB.cheerupC.d23.A.necessaryB.expensiveC.popularD.typical24.A.savedB.beatC.followedD.touch25.A.trustB.kindnessC.spirit【答案】【答案】22.B23.C11.句意：塔卢拉是他的朋友之一。developedaclosefriendshipwiththepeoplethere.Tallulahisoneofhis...”可知，蒂姆和社区的人建立了深厚友谊，所以这里塔卢拉是他的朋友。故选C。12.句意：这个8岁的女孩非常喜欢蒂姆。averywarmwelcome.”可知，她很喜欢蒂姆才会热情欢迎。故选D。13.句意：每次她见到蒂姆，塔卢拉都感到很兴奋，并给予他非常热烈的欢迎。feels...andgiveshimaverywarmwelcome.”可知，她见到蒂姆很兴奋。故选A。14.句意：然而，蒂姆是聋的，和塔卢拉交流有困难。busy忙碌的；crazy疯狂的；lonely孤独的；deaf聋withTallulah.Shedecidedtolearnsignlanguage”可知，因为蒂姆聋所以交流有困难，塔卢拉才学手语。故选15.句意：塔卢拉不认为这是个大问题。是固定短语，意为“不是什么大事”。故选B。16.句意：她总是以自己的方式向蒂姆表达她的善意，比如和他分享她最喜欢的零食。sharingherfavoritesnackwithhim.”可知，分享零食是她表达善意的方式。故选A。17.句意：最近，塔卢拉想给蒂姆一个大惊喜。decidedtolearnsignlanguage”可知，学手语可以给蒂姆惊喜。故选C。18.句意：她学会了用手语说“祝你有美好的一天”,然后走了一英里去告诉蒂姆这句话。这里说的是用手语表达祝你有美好的一天这个话语。故选B。19.句意：当蒂姆看到这些手势时，他非常感动。可知，此处表示当蒂姆看到手势的时候很感动。故选C。20.句意：塔卢拉的妈妈艾米·罗伯茨用视频记录了他们友好的互动，并分享到了网上。friendlyinteractiononvideoand...itontheInternet.”可知，此处表示把视频分享到网上。故选D。A.Awriter.B.Areporter.C.Aguide.A.Findafriend.B.Understando28.WhichofthefollowingisNaomiDrew'sA.Ifanargumenthappens,don'tA.Becauseyouaretooangrytoacc【答案】26.【答案】26.A27.C28.D29.B30.D【导语】本文围绕NaomiDrew的书籍《孩子们解决冲突的指南》展开，主要讨论了孩子们如何处理朋友26.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“NaomiDrew,thewriterofTheKids’GuidetoWNaomiDrew是个作家。故选A。27.细节理解题。根据“Tfafrienddoessomethingyoudon’tlike,don'tbeafraidtotalktohim.”可知，如果一个朋友做你不喜欢的事情，不要害怕跟他交谈，可知建议进行谈话。故选C。在小事情上有争执时，做出让步是正常的。故选D。A.PeoplewholiveinthesameneighboB.Peoplewhohavesimilarb39.WhichpartofamagazineisthepassageA.Travel.B.Sports.C.Science.【答案】36.【答案】36.A37.C38.B39.C【导语】本文主要探讨了基因相似性(亲缘系数)对友谊形成的影响，并通过研究数据说明朋友之间可能比远亲拥有更高的基因相似性，尤其是嗅觉基因的相似性。的影响。故选A。37.细节理解题。根据“friendshaveakinsmoregeneswithyourbestfriendthanwithsomedistantfamilymembers.”可知，朋友的亲缘系数比陌生人高0.0014,你与最好朋友的基因相似度可能比某些远亲更高，即朋友间的基因相似性可能超过远亲。故选C。38.细节理解题。根据“closefriendsmayhaveasimilarsenseofsmell”和“friends'bodysmellsweremorealikethanthoseofstrangers”可知，体味相似的人更可能成为朋友。故选B。39.推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章围绕基因与友谊的科学研究发现展开，引用研究数据和实验，符合科学类文章的特征。故选C。DWhenfacedwithstressorhardship,whodoyouturntoforthetest,andhavefoundthatteenfriendshipshavetodowithpsychological(心理的)well-being.Astudyof108suchasfailingatest.Teensbeingwithlongrun.TheresearchEachyear,thesepeoplewerealsoaskedtodoasurveytestingtheirlevelsofanxiety,depression(压抑),andself-worth.Astheresultsshowed,havingclosebondswithfdepression,andimproveself-worth.Inaddgoodteenagefriendshipsmighthempathy(同理心)totheirclosefriends,whichhelpsthemdevelopbetterparentingskills.Dr.JessicaaninterviewwithPswhenyougrowup."However,doeshavingmanyfriendsnecessaleadtosocialanxiety.Thekeytoteenfriendshipsliesnotinthenumbofafewgoodones.It'sthedeepunderstandingandevelopnecessarysocialAswecansee,friendshipshopethatfriendshipslastforever,wayforahappier,morewB.HavingclosebondswithfamilyreducespeopC.Teenagerscantrainthei42.Whatisthewriter'spuB.Toexplorethetruemeaningofhappiness.D.Tointroducetheinfluenceofteen【导语】本文主要讲述了青少年友谊对心理健康的长期重要影响。40.段落大意题。根据“Astheresultsshowed,havingclosebondswithfriendswouldreducepeople'slevelsofanxiety,depression,andimproveself-worth.”和本段内容可知，第三段主要讲述了拥有良好的青少年朋友会给一个人带来长期的好处。故选A。41.推理判断题。根据“Dr.JessicaA.Stern,inaninterviewwithPsychologyToday,emphasized(强调)...skills”可知，作者可能会同意发展亲密的青能。故选A。42.主旨大意题。文章介绍了青少年友谊的影响，尤其是对心理健康和未来发展的重要性。故选D。四、选词填空(本大题共11小题，每小题1分，共11分)请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，将答案填写到答题卡的相应位置。每个词限用一次。wonderfulmuchlonelymissedproviFriendshipisveryimportantinourlife.Ifthereisnofriend,lifewouldbematterwhoweareandwherewespecialmomentswith.Ihavemanyfritoanewcountry,Ididn’thaveanyfriandyoucouldn'timaginehowmuchI48_them.Timepassedbyatodo,theyalwayshelpmesolvethem.Theyarejustlikthemeverythingandlistentothem.Besides,havinggoodfriendsmakes(自信的)thanbefore.NowIknowfriendshipmakesourlialwaysthereforus.Theylaughwithusduringthehappyti【答案】【答案】43.boring44.toshare45.moved46.from47.lonel50.sisters5【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了友谊在生活中的重要性，以及作者从孤独到拥有新朋友的经历。43.句意：如果没有朋友，生活将会很无聊。根据“Ifthereisnofriend”以及词汇代入法，可知此处应填入一个负面形容词。单词“boring”意思是“无聊的”,符合语境。故填boring。44.句意：无论我们是谁，从哪里来，我们需要有人交谈，并分享特殊时刻。根据“someonetotalktoandsomeone...specialmomentswith”以及固定搭配“share...with”意为“与..…分享”,可知此处应填入“share”,此处用不定式短语作定语，修饰“someone”。故填toshare。45.句意：但当我搬到一个新国家时，我没有朋友。根据“toanewcountry”以及动词短语“moveto”意为“搬到”,且主语是“I”,时态为过去时，故填moved。46.句意：我所有的朋友都离我而去。根据“Allmyfriendswereaway...me”以及固定搭配“awayfrom”意为“远离”,可知此处填from。故填from。47.句意：我非常孤独。根据“Ididn'thaveanyfriends”以及词汇代入法，可知此处应填入一个负面情绪词。单词“lonely”意思是“孤独的”,符合语境。故填lonely。48.句意：你无法想象我有多想念他们。根据“howmuchI...them”可知，是想念他们，动词“missed”意为“想念”,且时态为过去时，故填missed。49.句意：当我遇到问题不知道该怎么办时，他们总是帮我解决。根据“don'tknow...todo”以及疑问代词“what”引导宾语从句，表示“做什么”,故填what。50.句意：他们就像我的亲兄弟或姐妹。根据“brothers列，故填sisters。的比较级为“moreconfident”,故填more。52.句意：友谊让我们的生活丰富多彩且美好。根据“makesourlifecolorfuland...”可知，是让我们的生活更美好，形容词“wonderful”意为“美好的”,作表语，符合语境，故填wonderful。意为“提供”,固定搭配“providesb.withsth.”,符合语境，故填provide。五、短文填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。AsmileistheItwastheearlyautumnofmyfstillhopetomakefrfelteven57(sad).IcouOneday,myclassmatestalked60cametotheclassroom.Ididn'tknowwhoshewas.Shepassed61aword,justsmiled.Suddenly,Ifeltthetouchofsomethingbrighta(they)friends.Thegirlwiththebrightsmilehasbecomeoneofmybest6358._【答案】54.an55.but56.heard5【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个微笑对作者的积极影响。54.句意：当我13岁的时候，一个女孩给了我一份重要的礼物。根据“importantgift”可知，此处泛指一份礼物，且important以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词“an”。故填an。55.句意：我很害羞，但我仍然希望和别人交朋友。根据“Iwasveryshy”以及“Istillhopetomakefriendsothers.”可知，前后为转折关系，需用连词but连接。故填but。56.句意：每次我听到其他学生说话和笑，我就感到更加难过。该句描述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时，动词需用过去式heard。故填heard。57.句意：每次我听到其他学生说话和笑，我就感到更加难过。根据“Ifelteven”及“EverytimeI...theotherstudentstalkingandlaughing”可知，此处表示每次我听到其他学生说话和笑，我就感到更加难过，需用形容58.句意：我不能和任何人谈论我的问题，我也不想让父母为我担心。根据“Icouldn’ttalkto.…aboutmy59.句意：我不能和任何人谈论我的问题，我也不想让父母为我担心。根据“Ididn'twantmyparents.…aboutme”可知，此处表示而且我不想让我的父母担心我，wantsbtodosth表示“想要某人做某事”,worry的动词60.句意：60.句意：一天，我的同学和他们的朋友愉快地交谈，但我安静地坐着。根据“talked….withtheirfriends”可知，此处表示高兴地交谈，需用副词happily“高兴地”修饰动词talked。故填happily。61.句意：她看了我一眼，没有说一句话，只是笑了笑。根据“Shelookedatmeand...aword,justsmiled”可知，此处表示她看了我一眼，没有说一句话，只是笑了笑，without表示“没有”。故填without。62.句意：从那时起，我开始和其他学生交谈并交朋友，他们把我当作他们的朋友。根据“theysawmeas...friends”可知，此处表示他们把我当作他63.句意：现在，那个带着灿烂笑容的女孩已经成为了我最好的朋友之一。根据“oneofmybest”可知，此处表示最好的朋友之一，需用名词复数形式friends“朋友”。故填friends。六、任务型阅读(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面的短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，每个空格只填一个单Asasayinggoes,"Ifyouhaveagoodfriend,yourjoysaredoubledandyoursorrowsareareahelpinghand,acomfortingshouldertoleanon,apandlovinghugtoembrace(拥抱)you.Manisasocialaniuswhenweneedsupport,justaswearetThefirststepistoopenyourselfup.Ifyouwanttomakegoodfriends,youshouldbethoughtsandfeelingswithotherpeoplefirst.Onlywhenyousharesomethingofyourselfwithothers,canyoubeginmakingfriends.Whenyourfriendsopenaconversationwithyou,tinformationinreturn.Thatistosay,whenyouareinaconfeelings.Ifaconversationisone-sidedinterestedinwhatheissaying.So,whentalkOneofthemostimportantkeystobuildingasolid(坚固的)friendshipwithotherpeopleistolistentothem—reallylisten.WhenyourfriendstellyousomethingthathappenedareusuallynotlookingforagreementbutjustwaRespectingyourfriendsisalsoimportanttokeepyourrelationshipshealUnconditionalsupportandencouragementisoneofthethingswhichfriendshave.Truefrie 【答案】64.importance65.help66.Way【分析】短文介绍了好朋友的重要性，并且提出了一些关于如何交朋友的方法与建议。64.根据Ifyouhaveagoodfriend,yourjoysaredoubledandyoursorrowsarehalved如果你有一个好朋友，你的快乐就会翻倍，你的悲伤就会减半。可知应该你的快乐就会