焦点04阅读理解之五选五（原卷版）-备考2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）大师课堂之题型特训面面到（河南）

焦点04阅读理解之五选五备考2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）同步大师课堂之题型特训面面到【题型解析】下面这个表格汇总了2026年河南中考英语“五选五”题型的主要信息和备考要点，帮你快速抓住核心。考查方向具体说明题型名称阅读理解之五选五（通常为阅读部分的D篇）题量与分值5道小题，每小题2分，共计10分出题形式在一篇约200词的短文中留出5个空白，要求从7个选项（通常为AG）中选出5个最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、结构完整考查核心对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握一、命题趋势与考查重点根据近年的考情分析，2026年河南中考英语五选五题型可能呈现以下特点和趋势：选材方向：选文题材广泛，可能涉及本土文化（如河南非遗技艺）、科技热点（如AI应用）、社会议题（如青少年心理健康）等。尤其需要关注可能出现的跨学科融合趋势，例如将物理、生态等学科知识与英语阅读能力相结合。考查重点：试题主要考查以下几个方面：逻辑衔接：占比最高（约50%）。重点考查对因果、转折、并列、递进等段落间逻辑关系的识别。解题关键常常在于识别空格前后的逻辑信号词，如however（转折）、therefore（因果）、forexample（举例）等。代词指代：约占20%。需要关注代词（如it,they,this,such等）的指代对象，确保选项与上下文指代一致。主旨概括与上下文语义连贯：要求所选选项能准确概括段落主旨（尤其当空格位于段首时），或与上下文存在明显的语义复现（原词、同义词、近义词）或共现关系。二、高分解题步骤与技巧遵循科学的解题步骤能有效提高准确率：快速浏览，把握大意：不急于看选项。先花一分钟快速通读全文，尤其关注文章标题、首段、尾段以及各段首句，目标是抓住文章主旨大意和基本结构（如总分、分总等）。详读选项，标记关键词：仔细阅读七个选项，理解每个选项的意思，并用笔划出选项中的关键词。这些关键词包括：逻辑连接词：如but,however,also,therefore,forexample等。代词：如it,they,this,these,one等。核心实词：名词、动词、形容词等。定位空格，上下求索：根据空格所在的不同位置，采用不同的解题策略：段首空：通常是段落主题句，需要概括下文内容。段中空：通常是承上启下的过渡句，需仔细分析前后句的逻辑关系（如举例、解释、转折等）。段尾空：通常是结论句、总结句或呼应上文观点的句子。代入验证，排除干扰：将所有选出的选项代入原文，从头到尾通读一遍。检查文章是否意思通顺、逻辑连贯、结构完整。对于不确定的选项，使用排除法，常见的干扰项陷阱包括“绝对化表述”（如all,never）、“偷换概念”和“无中生有”等。三、高效备考策略强化逻辑思维训练：有意识地整理和背诵各类逻辑关系信号词，并多做相关练习，学会快速识别上下文逻辑。掌握不同位置的解题要点：通过专项练习，熟悉段首、段中、段尾设空题目的不同解题思路。精练真题，限时模拟：使用河南中考历年真题和高质量模拟题进行专项训练。建议每篇五选五的解题时间控制在8分钟以内。练习后，复盘分析比盲目做题更重要，务必弄清每道题做对或做错的原因，特别是错题，要归纳错误类型。拓宽阅读面：平时多阅读不同题材的英语短文，积累背景知识，提高语篇理解能力ADoyouwanttomakeyourlearningmoreeffective(有效的)1※Findalearninggoal2Yourgoalshouldbechallengingandpossible.Itshouldalsobeimportantenoughthatyou’llfocusonitoverotherthings.※BreakyourgoalintosmallergoalsItwillbeeasiertoreachifyoubreakyourfinalgoaldownintosmallerones.Thinkofthesesmallergoalsasthestepsyouneedtotaketoachieveyourfinalgoal.Bybreakingyourgoalintosmallergoals,it’llbeclearwhatyouneedtolearnandhowtogetthere.※3Makeapleteplanafterfindingyouroverall(总体的)goalandsmallergoals.Organizeyourplaninorderandlisteachofyourlearninggoals.Andthenyoushoulddecidetheactionsyouneedtotaketoreachthem.4※Holdyourselfaccountable(负有责任的)Yourworkhasjustbegunafteryou’vecreatedalearningplan.It’simportantthatyouholdyourselfaccountableandfollowthroughonthelearningactivitiesyou’veplanned.Learningnewskillscantaketime,butyouhavetoputinthenecessarytimetomeetyourgoals.5Ifyouwastetoomuchtime,youmaynotachieveyourfinalgoalontime.根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。A．Anddonotforgetthedatebywhichyouwouldliketopleteeachaction.B．Followthesefourstepstodevelopyourownpersonallearningplanandworktoachieveyourgoals.C．Developyourplan.D．Trytosetaside(留出)timetofocusonyourlearningeachweek.E．Findyourgoalbeforeyoucreateapersonallearningplan.B阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。Plasticpollutionisaseriousproblem,andit’sgettingworse.Plasticcanstayforalongtime.Scientistsaretryingtocreateplasticthatbreaksdownquickly,butthebestwayfornowistouselessplastic.1Stopusingplasticbags.Instead,takeyourownreusableshoppingbagtothestore.Everyyear,peopleusetonsofplasticbagsworldwide.Somecountriestrytostopusingplasticbags.2Saynotothestraw(吸管).Astudyshowedthataround8.3billionplasticstrawscovertheworld’sbeaches.Sowhenyouorderadrink,saynotothestraw,orbringyourownreusableone.3Carryareusablewaterbottlewithyou.Aroundtheworld,nearlyamillionplasticbottlesarethrownawayeveryminute.Theproblemissobadthatinsomecountries,storesaren’tallowedtosellbottledwateranymore.Avoidplasticpackaging(包装).4It’salmosteverywhere.Butthereissomethingyoucando,too:avoidfruitorvegetablespackedinplastic.Recyclewhatyoucan.Youcan’trecycleallplasticthings.5Forexample,youcanrecyclebottlesandmilkorjuicebags.Insomecountries,machinestakethebottlesandgivealittlemoneybackforeachbottle.A．Don’tbuybottledwater.B．Butitispossibletostartsmall.C．Herearefivetipsthatcanhelpyou.D．Othercountriesmakecustomerspayforthem.E．Mostthingsyoubuyeinplasticpackaging.CHowcanwespeakEnglishtoshowpolitenessandkindness?Herearesomegreatideasforyou.Usemodals.1Ifyouusemodalsthenexttimeyouaskforsomethingonthephone,oryouneedsomethingfromafriend,you’llsoundmorepolite!Forexample:Ineedtouseyourpenforasecond.2Usevaguelanguage.Vaguelanguagemeansnottoospecific(明确的)ortoodirect.3Thesewordsorphrasescangivelessdirectinformation.Forexample:That’snotquitewhatIhadinmind.Whatifwemadeafewchanges?4Sometimeswechangethegrammartense(时态)tobemorepolite.Here’showyoucandothis.Changethepresenttensetothepasttenseoraprogressive(ing)tense.Weoftendothiswithverbssuchashope,feel,think,want,andwonder.Forexample:Doyouhavetimetomeettomorrow5根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。A．Changeyourgrammar.B．MayIuseyourpenforasecond?C．Iwonderedifyouhadtimetomeettomorrow.D．Weoftenusewordsorphrasessuchasabit,around,kindof,afew,quite,slightly,andalittle.E．ModalsarethosewordsyoulearnedinEnglishclassessuchaswould,could,mightandmay.A（2025·河南·中考真题）Puttingthingsoffissomethingalotofstudentsaretroubledwith.Betweenschoolwork,afterschoolactivitiesandeverydayworries,therearetoomanythingsyouhavetodealwitheveryday.1Youmightstartfallingbehindandyourgradesmightgetlower.Onesmartwaytofightbackistobreakbigtasksintotinypieces.Hugeprojectscanfeellikeamountain.Butifyoucutthemintosmallersteps,itwillmakeitlessscary(可怕的).2Justtellyourself,“Today,I’llchoosemytopicandwritealittle.I’lltakecareofmoretomorrow.”stepbystep,itgetsdone.The“workandrest”wayisalsoasmartchoiceforbeingproductive.Setatimerfor25minutesgoallin,fullattention.3Havesomecookies.Walkaround.Onceyougetgoing,it’seasiertokeepitup.4PutawayyourMP3playerandanykindoftoys.Findaquietplacewhereyouwon’tgetinterrupted(打扰)atall.Thelessnoise,thebetteryourbraincanlockin.Anddon’tforgettotreatyourself.Forexample,listentoyourfavoritesong,orwatchaninterestingTVprogram.Theselittlethingskeepyougoing.5Finally,youaresuretoseethepayoff.根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。A．Thentakeafiveminutebreak.B．Also,stayawayfromwhatpullsyourattention.C．Forexample,you’vegottowriteafivepagepaper.D．Butifyoukeepputtingthemoff,theycansnowball.E．Changedoesn’thappenovernight,sosticktoiteveryday.B（2024·河南·中考真题）Someofthejobswhichweremonfiftyyearsagoarealmostnotseennow,andsomethatarepopulartodaymaydisappearintwentyyears.1SpacetourguidePeoplehavebeenexpectinganexcitingtravelinspace.2AnyonewhowantstoseetheSunrisingandsettingovertheEarthwillbeabletotaketripstospace.Andforatripofthiskind,travelerswillneedatourguide—someonewhocanexplaintothemwhattheyareseeingandhelpkeepthemsafe.3AIpsychologist(心理学家)AIisusedformoreandmorepracticalwork.Andmachineswillbeemorehumanlike.4AnAIpsychologistwouldneedtounderstandaboutbothpsychologyandtechnology.Itwouldbethisperson’sjobtomakesurethatfuturesuperputersworkedwell.Humantechnologyintegration(融合)specialistWithallthenewtechnologiesonoffer,peoplemayneedhelptounderstandandusethem.Sohumantechnologyintegrationspecialistsmightbeveryimportant.5Theywouldlookatallthetechnologiesapersoncoulduseandadviseonthebestonesandhowtogetthemostoutofthem.根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。A．Itwillsoonetrueformanypeople.B．Theywillneedengineersfortheir“minds”.C．Theycouldteachothershowtousefuturetechnologies.D．Sohaveyoueverwonderedwhatfuturejobsmightbewanted?E．Thepersonwhowilldothisjobhastobeagoodmunicator.A（2025·河南南阳·三模）OnDecember4,2024,theUNESCO(联合国教科文组织)addedtheSpringFestivaltotheRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity(《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》).1TheSpringFestival,alsoknownasChineseNewYear,isoneofthemostimportantfestivalsinChina.TheSpringFestivalisallaboutfamily.2DuringtheSpringFestival,manypeoplewillreturntotheirhometownsfromdifferentplacesandgettogetherwiththeirfamily.CelebrationsfortheSpringFestivallastfor15daysandalwaysendwiththeLanternFestival.3Itissaidthatpeoplecelebrateatatimewhentheytrytodriveawayamonster(怪物)byusingtheredcolorandsettingofffireworks.Redisasymbolofbeinglucky,peacefulandwealthy.Housesandstreetsoutsidehavebeenfilledwithredsilkbanners(横幅)andmessagesofgoodwill.Fireworksbringnewhopeforthefuture.4OnNewYear’sEve,peopleeatdumplings,fish,meatballsandricecakesfordinner.Apartfromthesetraditions,manyothertraditions,suchaspapercuttinganddragondance,arealsocelebratedinChinaandsomeAsiancountries.5Theyalsobringgoodmemoriesforpeople.根据材料内容从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺，内容完整。A．Theycreatethehappiestdaysforpeople.B．Andtheycanalsokeepoffthebadluckfromthepastyear.C．ThereisatraditionalChinesestoryabouttheSpringFestival.D．InChina,peoplehavedeepfeelingsfortheirfamilymembers.E．Chinanowhas44thingsontheintangibleculturalheritagelist.B（2025·河南郑州·三模）DailynewspapersinBritainandtheUnitedStatesNewspapersinBritaincanbedividedintothequalitynewspapers(moreseriousnewspapers)andthepopularnewspapers.Qualitynewspapersareforreaderswhowantfullinformationonpublicthings.1Theyalsocarrysports,culturalevents,travelnewsandbookreviews.2Peoplewhowantfunnynewspreferreadingthem.Theyhavelargeheadlines(标题),alotofbigphotos,andnewsaboutfamouspeople.TheTimesisthemostfamousofthequalitynewspapers.Itbeganin1785.3TheSun,foundedin1964,isthemostsuccessfulofthepopularnewspapers.Itsellsmorethananyotherdailynewspaper.4IntheUnitedStates,youcanfindthequalitynewspaperslikeTheNewYorkTimesandTheWashingtonPost.5Youcanbuythebiggeronesalloverthecountry.TheUSalsohasalotoftabloids,suchasTheNewYorkDailyNews,whicharesimilartoBritishtabloids.A．Aroundfourmillionpeoplereaditeveryday.B．Popularnewspapersarealsoknownastabloids(小报).C．Theyusuallyhavethenameofthecitywheretheyareproduced.D．Theyhavehomeandinternationalnews,andfinancial(金融的)reports.E．Itisreadbyimportantpeoplesuchasofficers,lawyersandbusinessmen.C（2025·河南漯河·模拟预测）Therearemanythingspeoplehavetodoeveryday.Forexample,adultsmustgotowork.Childrenmustgotoschoolanddohomework.Andeveryonemusthelparoundthehouse.1Soit’simportanttounderstandwhatmotivates(激励)us.Somethinkmoneywillmotivatepeople.Othersmightthinkrewards(奖励)aregood.Afterall,peoplelikemoneyandrewards.2Whenthemoneyorrewardsgoaway,themotivationisgone,too.3First,givingpeopleapurposeworkswell.Apurposeisone’sreasonfordoingthings.Anadult’spurposeforworkingcouldbebecauseheorshebelievesthejobisimportant.Inthesameway,astudentmightstudyhardatschoolbecauseheorshewantstogetacertainjob.Apersonwhocannotfindapurposeforacertainjobwillnotwanttodoit.4Forexample,beingafraidofnotgettingagoodgrademaymotivateastudenttostudy.Happinesswillmotivatepeopletocontinuedoingthingsthatmakethemhappy.5Ifwecanmotivateourselvesthroughpurposeandfeelings,thenourjobswillbemorefunandinteresting.根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺，内容完整。A．However,thesedonotlast.B．Second,peoplearemotivatedbystrongfeelings.C．Whatonearthisagoodwaytomotivatepeople?D．Therearetimeswhenwedon'twanttodothesethings.E．Lovewillmotivateparentstodothingsforthechildren.D（2025·河南平顶山·二模）HowtogiveapresentationGivingapresentationisnevereasy.Thereisalotofpreparationtodo.Duringtheactualpresentation,youneedtoappearrelaxed,calmandconfident(自信的).Yourbodylanguageneedstoshowthis.1Hereareafewsuggestions.●Position2Andtrytoavoidturningyourback,orloweringyoureyestoooftenifyou’relookingatanynotes.●HandsAvoidtouchingthingslikeyourhair,noseorpens.3Itmayfeelunfortable,butyou’lllookrelaxed.Also,avoidcrossingyourarms,orputtingyourhandsbehindyourbackorinyourpockets.●Gesture(姿势)Usegesturestohelpyourclassmatesunderstandwhatyou’resaying.Youcanuseyourhandstomakeyourpointsclearerinyourspeech.Keepyourfeetapartandstandconfidently.4Remember,lookconfident!●Eyecontact(交流)classmates.Chooseeyecontactwithyourclassmates.Choosesomeonetolookatinoneareaandstaywiththemforasentenceortwo.5Planforsuccess,lookgood,soundgoodandknowyourmaterial!Butaboveall,havefunwithyourpresentation!根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。A．Andtrytokeepyourarmsbyyourside.B．Keepyourshouldersbackandyourheadup.C．Makesureyou’realwaysfacingyourclassmates.D．Thenmovetoanotherareaandchoosesomeoneelse.E．Butdoyouknowwhattodowithyourbodyduringapresentation?E（2025·河南新乡·三模）Whenwetouchsomethingwithourfingers,wecanfeelhowwarmorcolditis.1Theyaretheones