2026届新高考英语冲刺复习 定语从句及其三要素

AttributiveClauseByJoey2026届新高考英语冲刺复习定语从句及其三要素1.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure

offersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.2.Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig

untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.3.Mybikewasoldandshaky

didthejob.4.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplace_______________youcansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.5.The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum

openedin1759.6.

issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.andorbutwherethat/whichWhatAttheNewYear'sEvegalastagedbyBilibili,ashort-videosharingplatformpopularwithyoungpeople,celebrityvirtualidolLuoTianyiperformedfivesongsin10minutes

appearedalongsidereal-lifedancerstocelebratethe10thanniversaryofherdebut.Theshowattractedmorethan1.4billionviews.and1.(2023·孝感高考模拟)Apartfromthat,thedecoratedresumesdolittlehelptofindajob_________________mostHRmanagerspaymoreattentiontoskills.2.(2021·全国甲卷)Mybikewasoldandshaky____________didthejob.3.(2022·全国甲卷)Onthe1，100－kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,____________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces.4.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)“Hesavedmyson’slife，”saidMrs.Brown.“Idon’tknow____________tothankhim.”5.(全国Ⅲ卷)Overtime,____________thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.并列连词or从属连词：becausebutwhohowas/whenKeysinconjuctions:1.定：

定连词2.分：

区分并列/从属连词3.析：由

确定从句类型

4.特：注意连词使用的特殊情况（符号，固定搭配）

两谓一连完整性设空位置TheLittlePrince小王子，小说就是以他命名的，是一个神秘可爱的孩子。他住在被称作B-612小星球，是那个小星球唯一居民。小王子离别自己的星球和所爱的玫瑰花开始宇宙旅行，最后来到了地球，在撒哈拉沙漠，小王子遇到小说的叙述者飞行员，并和他成了好朋友。小说的叙述者是个飞行员，飞行员因飞机故障迫降在撒哈拉大沙漠，在那里遇见了小王子。小王子在沙漠见到狐狸。聪明的狐狸要求小王子驯养他，虽然狐狸在两者中显得更有知识，他使小王子明白什么是生活的本质。不懂爱情且略有“矫情”的花儿。她的内心爱慕、依赖、渴望着小王子，但是自身性格的缺陷却使她不能完全表达自己对小王子的情谊，导致小王子出走。但在离开的日子里，小王子内心一直存在着花儿。蛇是小王子在地球遇到的第一个人物;也是他最终咬了小王子，把小王子送回天堂。Thesimpletaletellsthestoryofachild,thelittleprince,whotravelstheuniversegainingwisdom.Thenovella(短篇故事)hasbeentranslatedintohundredsoflanguagesandhassoldsome200millioncopiesworldwide,makingitoneofthebest-sellingbooksinpublishinghistory.ThelittleprinceiswrittenbyAntoinedeSaint-Exupéry.Thissmallbookcontainsafairytale,astoryaboutmanythings.Firstofall,InnocenceofChildhoodandlove.Theprinceloveshisroses,butfeltdisappointedbysomethingtherosesaid.Asdoubtgrows,hedecidestoexploreotherplanet.Thelittleprincediscoversthathisroseisnottheonlyoneofitskind,therearethousandsoftheminagarden,butthenherealizesthathisroseisspecial"becauseitisshethatIhavewatered;becauseitisshethatIhaveputundertheglassglobe;becauseitisshethatIhaveshelteredbehindthescreen".安托万德圣埃克苏佩里(AntoinedeSaint-Exupéry,1900-1944)法国文学史上最神奇的作家(他同时是个飞行员,参加过两次世界大战),与伏尔泰、卢梭、雨果同入先贤祠。其经典代表作《小王子》。.PlotSummary

Thenarratorintroduceshimselfasamanwholearnedwhenhewasachildthatadultslackimaginationandunderstanding.Heisnowapilotwhohascrash-landedinadesert.Heencountersasmallboywhoaskshimforadrawingofasheep,andthenarratorfollowed.Thenarrator,whocallsthechildthelittleprince,learnsthattheboycomesfromaverysmallplanet,whichthenarratorbelievestobeasteroid（行星）B-612.Overthecourseofthenextfewdays,thelittleprincetellsthenarratorabouthislife.Onhisasteroid-planet,whichisnobiggerthanahouse,theprincespendshistimepullingupbaobabseedlings,lesttheygrowbigenoughtoengulf(吞没）thetinyplanet.Onedaya

rosegrowsontheplanet,andtheprincelovesherwithallhisheart.However,hervanity（虚荣心）anddemandsbecometoomuchfortheprince,andheleaves.AppreciateandObserve定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句。汉语翻译中中常用，“......的”表示。Thenovel

whichcomeoutin1837wasabighit.先行词关系词定语从句先行词:被修饰的名词或代词关系词：1.连接从句；2.替代先行词；主句Iknowthegirl.Thegirlwearsawhitecoat.Iknowthegirlwho/thatwearsawhitecoat.关系词先行词一、定语从句的概念定语从句三要素：1.先行词2.关系词3.关系词在从句中作成分1.Godhelpsthosewho

helpthemselves.2.Everythingisready,andallthat

weneedisaneastwind.

3.Don’texpectpeopletodothingswhichyouwouldnotdoyourself.

Enjoysomeproverbs,andtrytotranslatethem.自助者天助也。万事俱备，只欠东风。己所不欲，勿施于人。4.Truefriendshipislikesoundhealth,thevalueofwhich

isseldomknownuntilitislost.5.Asocietygrowsgreatwhenoldmenplanttreeswhoseshadetheyknowtheyshallneversitin.前人栽树，后人乘凉，社会才有进步。

Enjoysomeproverbs,andtrytotranslatethem.真正的友谊就像健康一样，失掉了才觉得宝贵。Somestrong-willedpersonsubjectedtothetestoftimepartingshowedadmirableobedienceandfortitude.一些意志坚定的人会在经受生离死别考验时表现出令人羡慕的顺从与刚毅。

Hewasthegreatestcriticalnovelistinthe19thcentury.Hewrote14novelsandmanyothershortstoriesinhislifetime,amongwhichOliverTwistIlikebest.Hisstylewasrealisticandhumors.Hegaveusavividpictureoflifeofordinarypeople.Hisworksshowssympathyforthepoor.CharlesDickens1)CharlesDickensisafamousEnglishcriticalrealismnovelist,______createssomeoftheworld'smemorablefictionalcharacters,oneof________isOliverTwist.whowhom2)Thisisaworld-famousfilm_______isadaptedfromawell-knownnovel,_______nameisOliverTwistwrittenbyCharlesDickens.thatwhose3)The

boysufferedpoortreatmentinaworkhouse.Thiswasthereason_____hemadeuphismindtogotoLondon.why4)In

Londonhemetalocalpickpocketsgang,______therewasapowerfulcrimeleadercalledFagin.where5)Oliverwastrappedintothedarknessandhewasalwaysdreamingaboutpeacefuldays,______hecouldbelovedandrespected,______cametrueeventually.

whenwhich费金奥利弗布朗洛梅丽南希赛克斯偷盗团伙首领，书中常称他为“犹太人”孤儿，温柔、坚韧、善良热心的绅士，正直善良，一直在帮助奥利弗邪恶的罪犯，无恶不作，差一点就让奥利弗遭受枪杀。犯罪团伙中的一员，但良心并未泯灭，冒着生命危险搭救奥利弗，最后却被自己最心爱的男人残忍杀害梅丽太太的养女，热情善良，不顾一切地帮助奥利弗同伙同伙深爱残忍杀害搭救亲姨妈教唆儿童偷盗奥利弗父亲生前的挚友帮助与收留人物关系CharacterrelationshipPartⅠ—Introductionofmaincharacters1)OliverTwist,theheroofthenovel,wasapityboy,______wasborninaworkhouse.Hewastreatedcruellythere,______wasthenormforpoorchildren.ThenheescapedtoLondonandmetathiefgang__________forcedhimtoworkforthem.Duringtheprocess,hesufferedplentyofpain___________madehimterrible.Fortunately,hewastakeninandlookedafterbyakindperson__________washisfather'sfriend.AlthoughOliverexperiencedagreatdealofhardship,hekepthiskindnessandinnocence_________wasrareandcommendable.whowhichthat/whothat/whichthat/whothat/whichthat,who,whom指人，在从句中充当宾语；that,which指物，在从句中充当宾语；非限制性定语从句中，在从句中充当主语，指人用who，指物用which

2)Fagin______________othersconsideredtobethemostcontroversialfigureofthe

novel,wasacrimeleader.Onetheonehand,hehadagreataffectionformoney____________hewasgreedyfor.Ontheotherhand,heprovidedaplacefororphansandtookgoodcareofthem,among______wereBatesandSikes.InOliver'sopinion,hewasawarm-heartedmaninsomeway,becauseof________Olivermadeaprayerforhimwhenhewassentencedtodeath.that/who/whomthat/whichwhomwhichthat,who指人，在从句中充当主语，且不可省略；that,which指物，在从句中充当主语，且不可省略；介词后面，指人用whom，指物用which

3)Nancywasawoman___________workedforFaginandtriedtohelpOliver,______ledtoherdeath.Shewaspassionate,caringandlovedSikes,_______behaviorswerecruel.Atlast,Sikeskilledhimself.4)Mr.Brownlowwasagentleman__________tookOliverinanddiscoveredhistrueparentage.5)MonkswasOliver'selderbrother___________waseagertoownthepossessions_______ownershipshouldbelongtoOliveraccordingtotheirfather'swill.that/whowhichwhosethat/whothat/whowhose关系代词关系词先行词在从句中充当成分who人主语、宾语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语whose人或物（关系）定语关系代词在定语从句中做宾语可以省略Summary1.（2023全国乙卷）Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace___________welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitecturalwondersstandingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.2.（2023全国乙卷）Thecolorshechosecameinaboxwhichhadapictureofawoman________haircolorlookedjustperfect.3.【2022·全国新I卷】TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies________livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.4.【2022·浙江】KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics_______arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.5.【2021·全国新高考II卷】IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany_______usedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.链接高考that/whichwhosethatthat/whichwho/that2.她是上帝派来让你遇见的那个天使。她是上帝派来的天使。_____________________你遇见那个上帝派来的天使。_____________________合并为：Sheistheheaven-sentangel(that)youmet.【合句练习】Sheistheheaven-sentangel.Youmeettheheaven-sent-angel.1.他就是我正在寻找的那个人他就是那个人。

___________________________我正在寻找的人。

________________________Heistheman.Iamlookingfortheman.合并为：Heistheman

whoIamlookingfor.【合句练习】2.我想要一个窗户朝南的房间。我想要一个房间___________________________房间的窗户朝南。____________________________Iwouldlikearoom.Thewindowofroomfacessouth.合并为：I'dlikearoomwhosewindowfacessouth.【合句练习】1.(2020·广东佛山七校联考)Drinkit，_____youwillthinkquicker,movemoreswiftlyandevenseemoreclearly.2.(2023杭州二中5月仿真)PeoplearewonderingwhathappenedtoMaSichun.Inavideo,shepubliclyadmittedthatshehasbeensufferingfromdepression______hadn'trealizedthatitwasadisease.3.Richardtraveledindisguise

wasrecognizedandcaughtbeforereachingVienna.4.DuringChina’sdynasticperiod,emperorsplannedthecityofBeijing

arrangedtheresidentialareasaccordingtosocialclasses.5.（2020全国I卷）Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticularinterestingtoscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山),moreso__________thefamiliarnearside.6.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence__________theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.andbutbutandthanthat并列连词和从句连词：1.两谓一连2.完整性为根本3.是否省略主语（代入法）

1.在桌上的那盏灯是我父亲买的。那盏灯是我爸爸买的。______________________________那盏灯在桌上。

___________________________Thelampwasboughtbymyfather.Thelampwasonthedesk.合并为：Thelampwhichwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.【合句练习】2.那个你刚碰到的男人被叫做Tom。那个男人被叫做Tom。___________________________你刚碰到的男人。___________________________ThemaniscalledTom.Youmetthemanjustnow.合并为：Theman(whom)youmetjustnowiscalledTom.【合句练习】1.他有一个爸爸是医生的朋友。他有一个朋友。

_______________________他朋友爸爸是医生。

________________________Hehasafriend.Hisfriend'sfatherisadoctor.合并为：Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.【合句练习】练习：将下列两个句子合并成定语从句。1.Themanisourteacher.Themanistalkingwithmyparents.2.Thisistheriver.Theriverrunsthroughtheforest.3.Thechildrenareinthesameclass.Theirparentsareworkinginthebigcity.4.Thisisthefactory.Theroofofthefactoryisbroken5.Thebookisinteresting.Ilikethebookverymuch.

Thebookwhich/thatIlikeverymuchisinteresting

Theman

whoistalkingwithmyparentsisourteacher.Thisistheriverthat/whichrunsthroughtheforest.Thechildren

whose

parentsareworkinginthebigcityareinthesameclass.Thisisthefactorywhoseroofisbroken.PartⅡ—Descriptionofatypicalscene1)Amongotherpublicbuildings,theworstbuildingwascalledworkhouse______________________________________(可怜的奥利弗就出生在这里).2)Darknessenvelopedtheterribleplace_______________________________在这里奥利弗吃不饱穿不暖).inwhichthepitifulOliverwasborn

wherethepitifulOlivercouldn’tlivewell1.where指地点，在从句中充当地点状语；

★指地点时，关系副词where=介词+关系代词which3)Oliverandhiscompanionssufferedthetorturesofslowstarvationforthreemonths_________________________________________(在那个时间里他们仅仅只被提供一小碗粥).Theyweresohungryandallofthemwerelookingforwardtotheoccasionsofgreatpublicrejoicing(欢庆）____________________________________________________________(在那个时候他们还会额外分得2.25盎司的面包).4)Atlasttheygotsovoracious（贪吃）andwildwithhunger.So,thereason________________________________________(为什么奥利弗要走上前多要一点的原因)wasobvious.5)ThemasteraimedablowatOliver’sheadwithladleandhealsodidn’tknowthereason___________________________________(奥利弗竟然敢要更多的原因).whentheyweregivenasmallbowlofporringer

whentheyhadtwoouncesandaquarterofbreadbesidesforwhichOliverwentforwardtoaskformoreforwhichOliverdaredtoaskformore3.why指原因，在从句中充当原因状语；

★指原因时，关系副词why=for+关系代词which技巧2：介词的选用原则1.根据定语从句中谓语动词的固定搭配来决定。如：(1)Thisisthebook

whichIspent8yuan.

(2)Haveyoufoundthebook

whichIpaid5dollars?

spendmoneyonsth.为固定搭配paymoneyforsth.为固定搭配

on

for

介词选什么？解题的关键在哪里？2.根据定语从句中形容词的习惯搭配。

(1)

CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomswhichI’mnotsure？

besureaboutsth.对...有把握

sb.befamiliarwithsth.对...感到熟悉sth.befamiliartosb.aboutwith

(2)Wesupposethatthemeaningsoftheseunderwatersoundsaresimilartothose

whichwearefamiliar

onland.3.介词与定语从句中的先行词构成的固定搭配。如：

toinonon+thedayin+theyear

tothe/adegree“在某种程度上”

(2)Iwillneverforgettheyear____whichmysonwenttocollege.(3)

Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree____whichtheycanbecontrolledonpurpose.(重庆卷)(1)Iwillneverforgettheday____whichIjoinedthearmy.常考固定搭配spend…on在...方面花费

payfor为...而付钱talkwith/to/about与...交谈/谈论

givesth.tosb.给某人某物besureabout确信 livein居住argueabout争论 learnfrom向...学习turnto转向/致力于 besimilarto与……相似referto指的是 shakehandswith与...握手be married to

与...结婚

befamousfor因...而著名comefrom来自

sendsth.tosb.发送到beinterestedin…对……感兴趣 searchfor搜索……关系词先行词在从句中充当成分关系副词when时间名词时间状语where地点名词地点状语whythereason原因状语Summary链接高考1.【2023全国甲卷】“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,_________alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,borrowingsomefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.2【2021·天津】AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstands________artistsdemonstratetheirskillsandteachthevisitors.3.【2021·天津】Inthespring,aseason________wearelearningnewrhythmsoflife，manyofusfindcomfortinthenaturalworld.4.【2020·全国I卷】Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot______itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth5.Manyyoungpeople,mostof_________werewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.wherewherewhenwherewhomPartⅢ—Commentsfromreaders1)Allthecharacters________whichareportrayedinthenovelrepresentdifferentsocialclasses.

2)Iamabsorbedinthegreatstory,thinkingthisisthebestnovel_____I’veread

anditisthefirstmoment

______I’dliketoenjoyagainandagain.3)Whilereadingthenovel,IamimpressedwithOliver’sinnocence--theverything________heownedallthetimealthoughhewasforcedtocommitcrimes.Therewasnothingcouldchangehiskindness.4)Iappreciatetheinspiringthingsandkindpersons_______Imeetinthenovel,thathavetaughtmetofacedifficultiesbravely.thatthatthatthatthat先行词是all,much,nothing等不定代词或被不定代词所修饰；先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰；先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰；先行词有人又有物定语从句三步解体法：一、先找出主句；二、确定先行词三、判断关系词在从句中作的成分定语从句的引导词关系代词关系副词指人指物that(主语/宾语),who(主语/宾语),whom(宾语),whose(定语)that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语),whose(定语)where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)关系词在从句中做状语时，连接词有时可以用介词+which/whom来替换关系副词跟踪达标训练一、单句语法填空1.[2018·全国卷Ⅰ]Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014

showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdisease.2.[2018·全国卷Ⅱ]TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernmentstartedasoil-testingprogramme

____——givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers…3.[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]ButSarah,

hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.4.(2015·江苏卷)Thenumberofsmokers,

isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.5.[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,

IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.

which/thatwhich/thatwhoaswhen6.(2018·北京卷)Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,___helpsthemkeepfit.7.(2018·天津卷)Kate,___sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.8.(2018·江苏卷)Self­drivingisanarea

Chinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.9.(2017·北京卷)Thelittleproblems

wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.10.(2017·天津卷)Myeldestson,___worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.whichwhosewherethatwhose练习：将下列两个句子合并成定语从句。1.Themanisourteacher.Themanistalkingwithmyparents.2.Thisistheriver.Theriverrunsthroughtheforest.3.Thechildrenareinthesameclass.Theirparentsareworkinginthebigcity.4.Thisisthefactory.Theroofofthefactoryisbroken5.Thebookisinteresting.Ilikethebookverymuch.

Thebookwhich/thatIlikeverymuchisinteresting

Theman

whoistalkingw