8AU1U4重点词汇复习：冠词数词；阅读AD篇（讲义）-上海市沪教版八年级英语上册

学科教师辅导教案

课程主题8AU1U4重点词汇复习：冠词&数词专题；阅读AD篇

1.复习U1U4重点词汇，掌握相关的词转和运用；

学习目标2.梳理U1U4重点语法；

3.阅读AD篇能力提升。

教学内容

UnitlUnit4重点词汇拓展默写

Unitl单词（拼单词，写词性）

1会计_______________2志向______________

3最好的_______________5大学；学院______________

7梦想_______________8在...期间_______________

9随函（或包裹）附上______________

10高度_______________II喜爱，有兴趣______________

12或许：可能_______________

14在附近_______________15拥有______________

16物理学_______________17很可能；大概______________

18屋顶

21领带

Unit2

1类似的adj.___________2成功的adj.___________

3受欢迎的adj.____________4负责的adj.___________

5没趣的adj.___________6简单的adj.___________

7通常的adj.___________8身体的adj.___________

9幸运地adv.____________10不常adv.____________

11生意；公司n.___________12神童；n.____________

13销售；出售n.___________14客户n.___________

15考试n.___________16能量n.___________

18（物理）力n.____________19热n.___________

20文章n.___________21预料；预期v.___________

22获得v.___________23失败；v.___________

24回来（去）V.___________25出席；参加V.___________

26帮助v.___________27继续v.___________

28重复V.___________29解释：说明v.___________

Unit3

1adv.曾经____________2adj.不寻常的____________

3adj.不复存在的__________4adj.奇怪的；陌生的__________

5adj.担忧的____________6adv.安静地____________

7adv.上（船；飞机；车）____________

8adv.相当____________9adv.在楼下；往楼下____________

1Un.麻烦；问题_________lln.争论____________

12n.人群：观众____________13n.（女式）钱包____________

16n.偷窃（罪）____________17n.细节一

18prep.通过：穿过____________19V.争论_____________

20v.盯着看____________

21v.偷__________（过去式）__________（过去分词）_________

22v.拨（号）__________（过去式）_________（过去分词）_________

23v.意识到；使……实现____________

24v.打架__________（过去式）____________（过去分词）_________

Unit4

1准确的adj.__________2电子的adj.__________

3强有力的adj.__________4全部的；整体的adj.__________

5活的adj.__________6人的adj.__________

7下述的；下列的adj.__________8令人惊奇的adj.__________

9特别地adv.__________10接近adv.___________

12脑n.__________13部位；组成部分n.__________

14语言n.___________15系统n.___________

16发明n.___________

17算盘n.___________18计算器n.__________

19百分比n.__________21计算n.__________

22一生；终生n.__________23闪电n.__________

24能量，力量n.__________25（编写）程序"n.&v."___________

26反对；依靠prep.__________27除以v.__________

28计算v.__________29发明V.__________

30发展v.__________33解答：解决V.__________

34完成；使完整v.__________35检查；核查V.__________

Unitl

1accountantn.会计2ambitionn.志向

4bestadj.最好的

5collegen.大学；学院

7dreamn.梦想8duringprep.在....期间

9enclosev.随函（或包裹）附上

10heightn.高度11keenadj.喜爱，有兴趣

12maybeadv.或许；可能

14nearbyadv.在附近15ownv.拥有

16physicsn.物理学17probablyadv.很可能；大概

18roofn.屋顶21ticn.领带

23universityn.（综合性）大学

Unit2

1similaradj.类似的2successfuladj.成功的

3popularadj.受欢迎的4responsibleadj.负责的

5boringadj.没趣的6simpleadj.简单的

7usualadj.通常的8physicaladj.身体的

9luckilyadv.幸运地10seldomadv.不常；很少

11businessn.生意；公司

13salen.销售；出售14clientn.客户

15examn.考试16energyn.能量

17celln.细胞18forcen.（物理）力

19heatn.热20articlen.文章

21expectv.预料：预期22achievev.获得

23failv.失败24returnv.回来（去）

25attendV,出席；参加26assistv.帮助

27continuev.继续28repeatv.重狂

29explainv.解释；说明

Unit3

1adv.曾经ever2adj.不寻常的unusual

3adj.不复存在的gone4adj.奇怪的；陌生的strange

5adj.担忧的worried6adv.轻轻地；安静地quietly

7adv.上（船；飞机;车）aboard

8adv.相当rather9adv.在楼下；往楼下downstairs

1()n.麻烦；问题trouble11n.争论：争吵；争辩argument

12n.人群；观众crowd

16n.偷窃（罪）theft17n.细节detail

18prep.通过；穿过through19v.争论argue

20v.盯着看；凝视stare21v.偷；窃取steal

22v.拨(电话号码)dialdialled23v,意识到；使……实现realize24V.打架fightfought

fought

Unit4

1accurateadj.准确的2electronicadj.电子的

3powerfuladj.强有力的4wholeadj.全部的;整体的

5livingadj.活的6humanadj.人的

7followingadj.下述的;下列的8amazingadj.令人惊奇的

9especialIyadv.特别地1()nearlyadv.接近

12brainn.脑

13partn.部位；组成部分14languagen.语言

15systemn.系统16inventionn.发明

17abacusn.算盘18calculatorn.计算器

19percentagen.百分比

21calculationn.计算22lifetimen.一生；终生

23lightningn.闪电24powern.能量，力量

25program"n.&v."(编写)程序

26againstprep.反对：依靠27dividev.除以

28calculatev.计算29inventv.发明

30developv.发展

33solvev.解答；解决

34pletev.完成；使完整

35checkv.检杳；核查

（此部分15分钟左右。可根据本次课的需要，选择不同的互动探究方法，通过案例分析、趣味故事等进行新

课导入，且此部分内容与本节课的主题相关联，并写清楚教学建议。）

UI

词性转换：

29.Myteachersaiditwasachange,(physics)

30.Hegotintothecar,turnedthekeyandstartedthe(engineer).

31.Theofthenewhouseisafamouswriter,(own)

32.Theboxisfiftycentimetersin(long)and20centimetresin(high)

33.hisfavouriteactivityis(make)models.

34.Ourmonitoris(ambition),hewantstostudyabroadinthefuture.

U2

用所给单词的适当形式填空：

28.1wishyougood(lucky).

29.Thoughhetriedmanytimes,,hefailedagain,(luck)

30.1hopethe2010WorldExpowillbe(success).

31Mybrotherbecamethe(sell)managerofhispany.

31.Thestudentshada(discuss)abouttheschoolrules.

33.Bettyisthe(assist)ofprofessorBrown

34.Tomdidn'tgetenoughlastnight.So,hewasveryallthemorning.Finally,hefell

intheChineseclass,(sleep)

IV.改写句子：

1.Heseldomdrinkswine,?(反义疑问句)

2.Theyhavetocleantheclassroomtwiceaday.(划线提问)

dotheyhavetocleantheclassroom?

U3

III.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformsofthegivenwords:

1.Theyoungmanwasfiredbecausehehadan(argue)withhismanageryesterday.

2.Thestreetsarevery(crowd)onMondaymornings,soI(usual)goto

schoolbyunderground.

3.Some(woman)(tour)arevisitingthesilkfactory.

4.Thegirlsmoneywas(steal)onthebus.

5.Thepolicemencaughtoneofthe(thief)whostolethepaintingsatlast.

6.Peter(hurry)tothepostofficetopostthecardandleft(huny).

U4

词性转换：

1.1000studentstookpartinthemathscontest,(near)

2.HenryFordwasoneoftheofcars.Andhischangedtheworldgreatly,

(invent)

3.Peopleallover(heworldfelt(amaze)atthefast(develop)ofChina.

4.Alotof(live)thingsneedtobreatheairtokeep(live)

5.I'mveryhappythatallthestudentscanspelltheword(accurate)

6.Doyouknowthesesigns.Theyareimportantwhenyoudothe(calculate)

7.Aputcrsometimesis(power)thanahumanbrain.

8.Readthe(follow)sentencesandcorrectthemistakes.

9.(electricity)calculatorscancalculatefasterthanabacuses.

【知识点一】

冠词

一、冠词的分类

冠词是虚词，放在名词之前，用来说明名词指的人或事物。

冠词有两种。A(an)叫不定冠词，Ihe叫定冠词。A用在辅音音索之前，an用在元音音素之前。

二、用法

1.不定冠词的用法(泛)

(1)a和an均用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物.例如：

Johnisastudent.

MaryisanEnglishteacher.

(2)指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。例如：

Asteelworkermakessteel.

Passmeanapple,please.

(3)指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。例如：

Astudentwantstoseeyou.

Agirliswaitingtoryououtside.

(4)表示“每一”的意思,相当于every。例如:

Takethemedicinethreelimesaday.

Theygotoseetheirparentsonceaweek.

(5)常用固定搭配：

2.定冠词用法(特)

(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。例如：

ThebookonthedeskisanEnglishdictionary.

Beijingis(hecapitalofChina.

(2)指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物。例如：

Openthedoor,please.

Jackisinthelibrary.

(3)上文提到过的人或事物。例如：

YesterdayJohn'sfatherboughthimanewbike.Thebikecosthim200yuan.

(4)表示世界上独一无二的事物。例如：

Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.

(5)★用在序数词和形容词最高级之前。例如：

Shanghaiis(hebiggestcityinChina.

Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.

(6)用在某些形容词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：

Thenurseiskindtothesick.

Weshouldtakegoodcareoftheold.

(7)用在某些专有名词之前和某些习惯用语中。例如：

theGreatWalLtheSummerpalace,inthemorning,intheopenair等。

(8)用在婵氏豆数之前,表示“某某一家人”.“某某夫妇”°例如：

theBrowns,thewhites等。

(9)乐器前加theo

Playthepianoplaytheguitar

(10)常用固定搭配：

3不用冠词的情况(零冠词)

(1)某些专有名词,抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。例如：

China,Canada,Japanese,glass,water,love等。

(2)名词前已有作定语用的this,that,my,your,whose,some,any,no,each,every等代词时,不用冠词。例如:

Thatismycap.

Ihavesomequestions.

Godownthisstreet.

(3)复数名词表示一类人或事物时，不用冠词。

Theyareworkers.

Wearestudents.

(4)称呼语前不用冠词，表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加冠词。例如：

Idon'tfeelwelltoday,Mother.

U.S.wasmadepresidentoftheU.S.

(5)★三餐饭的名称前，球类活动，学科和节目名词前，常不用冠词。例如：

Ihavelunchathome.

Heoftenplaysfootballafterclass.

WehaveEnglishandmathseveryday.

(6)月份、季节前常不用冠词。

InSpringinDecember

(7)在某些固定词组里，名词之前常不用冠词。例如：

★Byair,atnight,athome,gotoboitgotoschoo」onfoot,frommomingjinnight等

★区别:gotoschool与gototheschool

gocoschool是上学，gototheschool是去学校，不一定是去上学

类似的短语还有，inhospital住院/inthehospital在医院里

gotosea去当水手/gotothesea出海

inchargeof负责,主管（表示主动）/inthechargeof由...负责，被....主管（表示被动）

infuture从今以后/inthefuture在将来

lakeplace发生/takeiheplaceof代筲

1.youngmanlivingnextdoorwantstobeadetectiveinthefuture.)

A)AB)AnC)TheD)/

2.Nowadaysmarryyoungpeoplewouldrathergoondiettoloseweight.()

A)aB)theC)/D)an

3.Wcshouldgiveahandtotheblindwhentheyneedanyhelpinlife.()

A)aB)anC)theD)/

4.Humanbeingsstillcan'treachMarsfortimebeing.()

A.aB.anC.theD./

5.Thesetwolittlegirlswerechattinghappilyallwaytoschool.()

A.aB.anC.theD./

6.Therewasacrystalclearriveracross(hevillage.Butnowriverispletelypollutedbythefactoriesbuiltalong

it.()

A)aB)anC)theD)/

7.Aicstripisusuallyaboutinterestingstorywithanunforgettableend.()

A.aB.anC.theD./

8.Theboywasknockeddownbyacarandnowisinhospital.()

A.aB.anC.thcD./

9.Hansishonest.Heisoftenpraisedbyhisteachersandfriends.()

A)aB)anC)theD/

10.WcarcgoingtohaveabarbecueintheparkonSunday.()

A)aB)anC)theD/

【知识点二】数词

一、数词一一基数词和序数词：

表示“多少”的词叫基数词,如:five,

表示“第几”的词叫序数词，如：third。

(1)基数词

1.hundred,thousand,million等词前有具体数词修饰时，要用单数。后面与of短语连用时，则要用复数，且

前面不再加具体数目，但可用several等词修饰。即“前有后无，前无后有”。

fivethousandstudents五千名学生

hundredsofpeople成百上千的人severalrhousandsofvisitors上千的旅客

2.表达“几个半”用“基数词+and+ahalf+名词”或“基数词+名词+and+ahalf”。

两个半月：twoandahalfmonths

=twomonthsandahalf

3.表示“几十年代”或“几十岁”。

inthe1870s(l870's)在19世纪70年代

inhertwenties在她二十多岁时

4.“基数词+名词”作定语时，两者间要加连字符号，名词用单数形式。

3周的假期：athreeweekholiday

5.表示“再几”：基数词+more或another+基数词

再来三个苹果：threemoreapples

=anotherthreeapples

6.“基数词+单位(metre,centimetre,foot等)+形容词(tall,high,deep,long,wide)”,基数词大于1时，

单位要为复数。

Thewellis3.5metresdeep.

【经典例题】

31.OnlinecourseslikeChineseteaartattractpeoplefromabroadeveryday.()

A)millionB)millionsC)millionsofD)millionof

31.ChinesemaketheirwaybackhomebeforetheSpringFestival.()

A)MiIlionofB)TenmillionsC)MillionsofD)Tenmillionsof

CC

Billisreadingposition.1(waswrittenallbyhisdeskmate.()

A)a800wordsB)an800wordsC)an800\vordD)a800word

C

三、序数词

1.序数词的构成

特殊及常考序数词：first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth

巧学妙记：

基变序,有规律，末尾力口上th(sixlh,seventeenth)；

一二三特殊记，词尾字母t.d.d(first.sccond.third)：

八省t来九去e,f替ve(eighlh,ninth,fifth,twelfth);

结尾是y变ie,词尾再加th(fortieth)；

若遇多位数词，只让个位变成序(twentyfirst)。

2.序数词前一般要用定冠词the.

Thisisthesecondlongestriverhere.这是这里的第二长河。

3.序数词的意义为“又二，再一”时，其前要加冠词a/an,不用the.

A:I'vetriedtwice.我己经试了两次了。

B:You'dbettertryathirdlime.你最好再试一次。

4.序数词前有形容词性物主代词等限定词时,不用冠词。

HeisinhisthirdyearatNo.lMiddleSchool.0

5.序数词与名词构成复合形容词时,其前不加定冠词。

Heboughtasecondhandcar.他买了一辆二手车。

6.在某些窗定搭配中，序数词前不用冠词。

atfirst起初firstofall首先winfirstplace获得冠军everythirdday每隔2天

7.三期一般用序数词表示。

2月20日February20th(=Februarythetwentieth)5月1FlMay1st(=Maythefirst)

8.分数的表达法：

分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母用复数。

1/6：onesixth

3/4:threefburths(=threequarters)

*拓展：

分数修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词根据其后面的名词确定单、复数

Twothirdsoftheworkisalreadydone.

Fourfifthsofthemhavefinishedtheirhomework.

【经典例题】

of(hestudentsofGradearegirlswholikesinging()

Threefifths...NineThreefifths...NineB)Threefifth...Ninth

C)Threefifths...NinthD)Threefiflh...Nine

TheboyfromtheleftinthepicturewasMartin,(six)()

Tagorewrotehispoemwhenhewaseightyearsold.(one)()

IntheUnitedStates,Mother'sDayiscelebratedontheSundayinMay.(two)()

*三、新妖味傀

I.peopletookpartinthesearchforthelostbabyinChangchun.(奉贤)

A)ThousandsofB)twothousandsC)thousandofD)twothousandsof

2.ThepanydecidedtospendaboutfiveyuanbuildingaschoolforthechildreninwesternChina.(虹口)

A)millionsB)millionsofC)millionofD)million

3.Aftertalk,theydecidedtobuyanewflatwithalargesittingroom.(嘉定)

A)twohourBJ)twohours'C)twohoursD)twohours

4.Lilygotalovelydollasapresentatherbirthdayparty,(five)(长宁)

5.putcrtechnologyhasdevelopedveryquicklysincemidcentury,(twenty)虹口)

6.Takethreetabletsadayaftermealsforaweek,(iwo)(宝ill)

7.Westillneedmorechairsforthemeetingroom.(fifth)(闵行)

8.MyunclebegantoleamFrenchinhis.(fifty)(浦东)

I.OverstudentsinourschoollikesurfingontheInternet.

A)threehundredB)threehundredsC)hundredofD)threehundredof

2.Helenlivesonthefloorofthisbuilding.(twelve)

3.Sophiahopedtogetadollwithgolccnhaironherbirthday.(eight)

4.ThcactorwhoactedintheTVseriesbecamefamousinhis.(thirty)

5.ItwasagreathonourforTuYoyotowintheNobelPrizeformedicineinher.

A)eightiesB)eightyC)eightiethD)eightieths

6.Theactorisstillingoodshapeandlooksyoungthoughhe'sinhis.(fifty)

7.ThepopstarwilljointheseasonoftheTVplaynextyear.(nine)

8.Tomonlywontheplaceinthepetition,buthewashappywithit.(twelve)

10.Therecipesays“peeltheapplefirstandthencutitintotwo."(half)

(此部分测试时间为15分钟左右，讲评时间为10分钟左右。对本次所学内容进行检测。所选题目尽量来自

往年一模模考试题目，或名校期中期末考试题。同时欢迎自创！即，可根据自己的需求，自助创作一些与自己

的互动方式相切合并符合知识点回顾的练习题。)

Units1—4易错知识点练习

选择正确答案。

1.NowadaysmanypeopleinChinalike(olakeholidays.

A.aboardB.abroadC.boardD.broad

2.rdlikeasongwithyou.

A.singingB.singsC.singD.tosing

3.IfounddifficulttoworkinclassbecauseIkeptonthinkingaboutthematchintheaft

emoon.

A.thatB.thisC.itD.they

4.Inancient,wecanfindalotofdinosaursonearth.

A.timesB.timeC.timingD.timed

5.Pleasewaitmeatthebusstopthisafternoon.

A.inB.atC.ofD.for

6.Wewentswimmingwhileplayedtennisafterschool.

A.otherB.anotherC.othersD.theother

参考答案：1—6BDCADC

II.PracticeMore

Choosethebestanswer

1.Heishisfather.

A.astallasB.sohighasC.sotallasD.ashighas

2.Hurryup.There'stimeleft.

A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.few

3.Theoldmanalwaysthickglassesandworksveryhard.

A.putsonB.takesoffC.dressesD.wears

4.Mybrotherissofattoomuchfoodandlittleexercise.

A.likeB.thatC.becauseD.becauseof

5.Peterisfriendly.Heneverabadwordaboutanyone.

A.speaksB.tellsC.talksD.says

ABDBD

HI.Rewritethesentence

1.Thestreetusedtobenoisy.

didthestreetusetobe?

didthestreetusetobe?

thestreetsbefore?

2.Theriverisaslongasthatone.

Theriveristhesameasthatone.

3.Hehadtowearhisoldovercoat,?

4.Theroadinfrontofourschoolwasnarrowbefore.

Theroadinfrontofourschoolnarrow.

5.The(rainwillstartfromShanghaitoBeijingateighttomorrow.

ThetrainwillfromShanghaitoBeijingateighttomorrow.

阅读理解

A.Choosethebestanswer

OneMondayJackwentintoasirallrestaurantandsatdownatatable.Hewaitedforawhileandwhenayoung

waitresscametohim,heaskedforsomevegetablesoup.Thewaitresswrotethisdowninanotebookandwalkedoff.

Therewerealotofpeopleintherestaurantandthegirlwasverybusy.ButatlastshecametoJackwithaplateof

fishandpotatoes.

ThegirlwasturningawaywhenJackstoppedher."ButIdidn'torderfishandpotatoes.Iorderedvegetablesoup."

"Oh,"shesaid."Ithoughtyouaskedforfishandpotatoes."

"No,"Jacksaid."Lookatyournotebookandyou'llseethatIorderedvegetablesoup."

Thewaitresslookedeveiywhereinherlittlenotebook,andatlastshefoundJack'sorder."TableNo.24,"sheread

out."Onevegetablesoup.""Yes,I'msorry.Igotmixedup.I'llchangeit."

SheputthenotebookdownonJack'stable,tookoutapen.crossedthewords"vegetablesoup"andwrotein"fish

andpotatoes".Sheshutthenotebookandquicklywalkedaway,whileJacksatwithhismouthwideopen,toosurprised

tosayanotherword.

68.Jackorderedhisvegetablesoup.

A)assoonashesatdownatatableB)afterthewaitressbroughthimsomefood

C)afterhehadsatatatableforsometimeD)whenhewaswalkingintotherestaurant

69.Jackwasthedishthewaitressbroughttohim.

A)verypleasedwithB)unhappyabout

C)interestedinD)silentabout

70.Thewaitresstookoutapenandchanged.

A)Jack'sfoodB)hermindC)Jack'smindD)Jack'sorder

71.'*[gotmixedup"inthepassagemeans"

A)IputthemtogetherB)Ididsomethingwrong

C)IwassobusyD)Igotthemixture

72.A