太极英语 课件汇 U12-U18 Zhoudichui and Daojuangong - Jingang Daodui and Shoush

太极英语Unit12ZhoudichuiandDaojuangong1.ExplainthemeaningofZhoudichuiandDaojuangong.2.IllustratethetwoformsinEnglish.3.LearnabouttheproceedingsoftraditionalChinesemarriage.LearningObjectives1.解释“撇身捶”和“双推掌”的意思。2.用英语讲解这两个招式。3.了解中国结。Directions:Readthefollowingdialogueandmakeyourowninpairs.ZhoudichuiandDaojuangongA:Robin.ShallwelearnanthertwoformsofTaiChitoday?B:Yes.A:Whatarethey?B:TheyareZhoudichuiandDaojuangong.A:Sorry.Idon’tunderstandwhat’sthemeaningofZhoudichui.肘底捶和倒卷肱甲：罗宾。我们今天要再学两招太极拳吗？乙：是的。甲：是哪两种？乙：是肘底捶和倒卷肱。甲：抱歉。我不太明白你说的肘底捶是什么意思。B:Letmeclarify1itthisway.“Zhou”inChineseiselbowinEnglish,and“chui”ishammer2.ZhoudichuimeansahammerundertheelbowinEnglish.A:Excuseme.Doyourefertoahammerundertheelbow?Butwhereisthehammer?乙：我这么解释吧。汉语中的“肘”是英语中的elbow，“捶”是hammer。肘底捶在英语里就是ahammerundertheelbow。甲：讨教一下。你是指胳膊肘下边的锤子吗？可锤子在哪儿啊？B:Well,whatImeanisthathammerisjustametaphor3,meaningafistforaheavybeat.A:Oh,Isee.Thetermhammerisusedtoshowtheexplosive4powerofthefistwhenputintoeffect.CanIunderstanditthatway?B:Yougotit.A:Sincethat,whynotnameitthumpundertheelbow?乙：好吧，我想说的是锤子只是个比喻，意思是重重出击的拳头。甲：哦，我明白了。锤子一词用来说明演练此招时拳头的爆发力。我能这么理解吗？乙：说得对。甲：既然如此，何不称之为thumpundertheelbow？B:Well-explained!Thewordthumpjustmeansaheavybeatingwithafist.A:MayIthenadoptthisname?B:Absolutelyyes.Thanksforyourtips.A:Welcome.TellmeaboutDaojuangong,then.B:“Dao”meanstostepbackward,“juan”referstorollingup5,and“gong”isthearm.乙：说得好！thump一词正好就是用拳头重击的意思。甲：那我能采用这个名字吗？乙：绝对可以。谢谢你的提醒。甲：不用谢。那再给我说说倒卷肱吧。乙：“倒”的意思是后退步，“卷”指的是卷起来，而“肱”则是指胳膊。A:Sorry,whatdoesitmeanbyputtingthemalltogether?B:Thatis,Daojuangongissteppingbackwardbyrollingupthearm.A:I’mreallysorryfortakingupsomuchofyourtime.ButIdothinkitquitehelpfultoexploreitsnamebeforeplayingtheform.B:Iagreewithyou.Therearemanyformsofpictographic6boxinginChinesemartialarts.TaiChiisnoexception7.甲：不好意思，它们放到一起是什么意思呢？乙：那是说，倒卷肱是后退步并卷起胳膊。甲：真不好意思，占用了你那么长时间。但是，我确实认为打这一招太极拳之前，先弄明白它的名称十分有帮助。乙：我同意你的看法。中国武术中有很多象形的招数。太极拳也不例外。A:Iknowthat.Inthissimplifiedset,JingangDaoduiandBaiheLiangchiarebothexamples.Robin,mayIaskyouanotherquestion?B:Goahead,please.A:Whichformisbetter,ZhoudichuiorDaojuangong?甲：我知道。这套简化套路中，金刚捣碓和白鹤亮翅就是两个例子。罗宾，我能再问你个问题吗？乙：但说无妨。甲：肘底捶和倒卷肱哪一招更好？B:Thereisnobetterorworse.Butit’ssaidthatYangLuchan,aTaiChimaster,becamefamousovernight8fortheformofZhoudichui,intheCapitalofBeijing.A:Thatistosay,ZhoudichuiisbetterthanDaojuangong.B:Itshouldnotbeunderstoodlikethat.A:Why?乙：没有好坏之分。但是据说太极大师杨露禅就是因为肘底捶这一招而一夜之间名扬京师的。甲：那就是肘底捶好过倒卷肱了。乙：也不能这么说。甲：为什么呢？B:SomesaidthatYangLuchanexertedDaojuangongbeforehisZhoudichui.A:Itseemsthatitisreallyhardtosaywhichformissuperiororinferior.TellmeaboutYangLuchan,please.B:ThereareseveralschoolsofTaiChi,youknow.乙：有人说杨露禅施展肘底捶之前先用了倒卷肱。甲：看来真不好说孰优孰劣。那请给我讲讲杨露禅吧。乙：你知道太极拳有好几个流派吧。A:Yeah.ThereareYang-style,Wuu-style,He-style,Wu-style,Sun-style,andsoon.B:YangisthefoundingmasterofYang-styleTaiChi.HepaidthreevisitstoChenjiagouVillage,acquired9Chen’sTaiChionthesneak10,eventuallyobtainedthepermissionofChenChangxingandmasteredtheartat40.Asaresult,heestablishedtheYangSchoolofTaiChionthebasisofhisdiligenceandwisdom.甲：是的。有杨式、武式、和式、吴式、孙式等。乙：杨露禅就是杨式太极拳的鼻祖。他三下陈家沟，偷偷学得陈氏太极拳，终于获得陈长兴的许可，40岁艺成。结果，他凭借自己的勤奋和智慧，创立了杨式太极拳A:Wonderful.Buthowdidhelearnitonthesneak?B:It’salongstory.It’sbettertolearnitwellbefore.A:OK.Buttellmelater,please.B:Allright.甲：了不起。可是他是怎么偷学的呢？乙：这说来话长。还是先把这招学好再说吧。甲：好的。可是以后要告诉我哦。乙：好的。ReadTable8anddoTasksA,B,CandD.TaskA:Pairwork—basicunderstanding1.WhereisthehammerinZhoudichui(FistundertheElbow)?2.HowmanyactionsarethereinZhoudichui?Whatarethey?3.Whatdoes“dao”meaninDaojuangong(SteppingbackwithWhirlingArms)?4.HowmanyactionsarethereinDaojuangong?Whatarethey?TaskB:Groupwork—Brainstorming1.HowtodescribeastandingcirclewithbothhandsinZhoudichui?2.Whydoesthelefthanddescribeadownwardarcinaction1ofDaojuangong?3.Whentheleftpalmisrisingupward,whereisitscenterfacinginaction2ofDaojuangong?4.Whenstrokingdownward,howshouldthelefthandbebroughttochestlevelandtherighthandcutdownovertherightkneeinaction3ofDaojuangong?Table8:ZhoudichuiandDaojuangong13.Zhoudichui(FistundertheElbow)Action1:Bothhandsdescribealevelcircleandcrossinfrontofthechest,andshifttheweightleftwardandswingtherightfootoutward(Fig.13-1-1).Bothhandsdescribeastandingcirclewiththerighthandabovetheleftone,andshifttheweighttotherightintoanemptystance,theeyesmovingwiththepalm(Fig.13-1-2).ChineseEnglish13.肘底捶动作一：双手划平圆并于胸前交叉，左移重心，同时右脚外摆（图例13-1-1）。双手划立圆，右手在左手上方，重心右移成虚步，目随掌动（图例13-1-2）。Notes：1)Whencrossingthearms,thelefthandstaysoutsideandtherighthandstaysinside.2)Afterthestandingcircle,theleftpalmrisestothetopleftandtherightpalmpressestotherightwaistintoafist.3)Whentheweightisontherightleg,leaduptheenergy,drawintheshouldersslightly,relaxthehipsandbendtheknees,withinwardenergy1throughtheentirebodysoastomaketherightlegsupportthebodysteadily2.ChineseEnglish注：1)双臂交叉时，左手在外，右手在内。2）划立圆后，左掌领起至左上方，右掌按至右腰间变拳。3）重心在右腿时，顶劲领起，胸微内含，松胯屈膝，周身合劲，以使右腿支撑稳固。Action2:Withthelefttiptoesreachingthegroundbitbybit,shifttheweightabitforward;asthebodyrotatesleftward,thrusttherightfistbeneath3theleftelbow,lookingforwardhorizontally(Fig.13-2).Notes:1)Whiletheleftfoottaps4theground,itshouldbesimultaneoustodrivetherightfootagainsttheearth,crouchthebodyalittleandthrusttherightfist.2)Beforethrustingtherightfist,itisamusttodrawinthechestandsettle5thewaist,withtheQi(internalenergy)sinkingdownward.ChineseEnglish动作二：左脚尖渐渐点地，重心略前移，右拳随身体左转冲至左肘下，眼平视（图例13-2）。注：1)左脚点地时，要同时右脚蹬地，身体微蹲，冲右拳。2）冲右拳之前，要含胸塌腰，气向下沉。Chinese14.Daojuangong(SteppingBackwithWhirlingArms)Action1:Stepleftbackwardandpushtherightpalmforward;shifttheweightleftward,andmeanwhile,turnleftwardandguidethelefthandinadescendingarctotheleft,withanintent6ofoutwardforce(Fig.14-1-1).Stretchthepalmstoeachside,andthenturnrightward,pushingtheleftpalmtothefrontofthechestandraisingtherightpalmupward(Fig.14-1-2).English14.倒卷肱动作一：撤左步推右掌，左移重心，同时身体左转，左手向左下划弧，有外拨之意（图例14-1-1）。双掌向两侧展开，身体右转，推左掌至胸前，右掌上托（图例14-1-2）。ChineseNotes:1)Payattentiontotheuseofthepivotingsteptoavoidstraining7thekneeswhenturningthebody.2)Inthefixedposture,theleftpalmstandsinfrontoftheleftchest,facingrightward,andtherightpalmliesflatovertherightknee,facingupward.3)Whensteppingbackward,liftthekneetohiplevel.English注：1）转身时注意运用碾步，以免扭伤膝盖。2）定势中，左掌立于左胸前，掌心向右；右掌横于右膝上方，掌心向上。3）撤步时，提膝至胯平。ChineseChineseAction2:Retreat8therightstepandpushtheleftpalm;shifttheweightrightward,andmeanwhile,turnrightwardandleadtherighthandinadownwardarctotheright,withanattempttopushout(Fig.14-2-1).Spreadthepalmstoeachside,andthenturnleftward,pushingtherightpalmtothefrontofthechestandraisingtheleftpalmupward(Fig.14-2-2).Notes:Action2isidenticaltoAction1,butintheoppositedirection.English动作二：退右步，推左掌，右移重心，同时身体右转，右手向右下划弧，有外拨之意（图例14-2-1）。双掌向两侧展开，身体左转，推右掌至胸前，左掌上托（图例14-2-2）。注：动作二和动作一完全相同，只是方向相反。ChineseAction3:Withdrawtheleftstepandpengthehandsforward.Retreattheleftstep,strokebothhandsdownward,andmovetheweightleftward.Thelefthandraisestochestlevel,therighthandcutsdownovertherightknee,andtheeyeslookattheleftfront(Fig.14-3).English动作三：撤左步，双手向前掤出。退左步，双手下捋，左移重心。左手与胸同高，右手下切落于右膝上方，目视左前方（图例14-3）。ChineseNotes:1)Withdrawthestepintoanemptystance,withthelefttiptoeslandingbesidetherightfoot.Duringthewithdrawingfootwork9,takenoticeofphysicalpatternsandhandtechniques;thespiralenergyisgeneratedbyturningthebodyandtwiningthearms,andbalanceisgeneratedbycombiningthestrokeenergyandthepengenergy.2)Retreatthestepintoabowstance.Whenthelefthandstrokestochestlevel,itspatternisabeakhand10.3）Whenthehandsarespreadingoutward,stretchthechest,openthearms,andcrouchtoroundthecrotch.Whenthehandsstretchtoshoulderlevel,sinktheshouldersanddroptheelbows,maintainingtheintegratedforcethroughoutthewholebody.English注：1）撤步成虚步，左脚尖落在右脚旁。撤步期间，注意身型和手法；缠丝劲生于转体旋臂，平衡生于捋掤配合。2）退步成弓步。左手捋至胸平时，其手型是刁手。3）双手向外展开时，舒胸开臂，下蹲圆裆；两手开至肩平时，沉肩坠肘，保持周身劲力贯通。TaskC:Groupwork—explorethefollowingquestions1.WhyisitcalledZhoudichui?2.Whatistheuseoftheform?3.WhyisitnamedDaojuangong?4.Whydoesthisformexist?TaskD:Classwork1.It’ssuggestedtodividetheclassintotwogroups.OnegroupdoesZhoudichui(FistundertheElbow)andtheothermakesDaojuangong(SteppingBackwithWhirlingArms).Whenastudentisperformingtheform,otherstudentsshouldtrytomakeuseofbriefEnglishtodescribetheinvolvedactions.2.Pickoutoneortwogroupstomaketheperformanceinpublicasthemodel.Theteacherissuggestedtocorrectthestudents’Englishdescriptions.Bearinmindthatanyencouragementiswelcome.Step1:Workinagroupofthreeorfour.Readthepassageandcompletethefollowingquestionswiththegivenexpressions.1.What/thejoys/you/experienced?2.What/theFourGreatJoys/life?3.What/thoseunmarriedadults/encounter/feudalsociety?4.What/thesinglegrown-ups/encounter/moderntimes?5.What/beobserved/thepreparation/amarriage?6.What/thethreeletters?7.What/thesixetiquettes?8.What/auspiciousmatching/thirdstep/thesixetiquettes?9....(morequestionsareencouraged)TraditionalChinesemarriage

Traditionally,therearetheFourGreatJoys1inChineselives,namely,thetimelyrainafteralongdrought,theencounterwithanoldfriendinadistantland,theweddingnightwithcandlesaglow2,andthesuccessintheimperialexamination3.Ofthem,thethirdreferstoChinesemarriage.ChineseEnglish中国传统婚姻传统上，在中国人的生活中有“四大喜”，即：久旱逢甘霖，他乡遇故知，洞房花烛夜，金榜题名时。其中，第三个就是指中国的婚姻。

InChina,itiswidelyheldthat“Menmustwedwhengrown,womenmustmarrywhenmature.”InlateimperialChina,itwasdeemedludicrous4foramalenottoengageinamarriagebeyondhisguanli5(cappingceremony),anditwasseenasridiculousforafemalenottoestablishamaritalhouseholdafterherjili6(pinningceremony).Andtheadultswhostayedunmarriedmightevenbepunishedbythegovernment.AccordingtotheGreatMingCode,“Ifamaleisovertwentyyearsoldorafemaleoverfifteenyearsoldandhasnotyetmarried,theheadofthehouseholdshallbepunishedwitheightystrokesofthecane.”IncontemporaryChina,thosegrown-upsatmarriageableagesmayhavetocomeundermuchpressurefromfamily,relativesandevensocietyiftheyarestillsingle.ChineseEnglish在中国，“男大当婚，女大当嫁”的观念广为接受。在中国的帝制晚期，男子冠礼过后不聘婚被视为是荒诞的，女子笈礼过后不成家被视为是可笑的。那些不结婚的成年人甚至可能会受到政府的惩处。根据《大明律》，“凡男年二十、女年十五以上未嫁娶者，家长杖八十。”在当代中国，到了适婚年龄却仍单身的成年人，可能会承受来自家庭、亲友乃至社会的诸多压力。

Chinaisabigcountry,wheretherearevariouscustomsandevenverydifferentpracticesregardingmarriage;butmostlyChinesepeopleabideby7acommonpattern—ritesfirstandthenmarriage.Exactly,thereareThreeLettersandSixEtiquettes.ThoughChineseenjoymorefreedominselectingtheirfuturespousenowadaysthaninthepast,whenthecouple-to-beshouldnevermeeteachotherbeforetheirmarriage,themodernChinesearestillfollowingthetraditionalprinciplestoalargedegree.ChineseEnglish中国是一个大国，各地的婚俗不尽相同，甚至存在很大差异，但大多数中国人都遵循着一个共同的模式——先礼后婚。具体来说，就是“三书六礼”。如今，中国人在选择未来配偶方面比过去拥有更多自由（过去，准新人在婚前是绝对不能见面的），但现代人在很大程度上仍然遵循着传统的原则。

ThreeLettersconsistoftheEngagementLetter8,theGiftLetterandtheWeddingLetter.Thefirstletterisactuallyaletterofinquisition9aboutwhetherthegirl’sfamilywouldliketoaccepttheproposalofmarriage.Thesecondlettershouldbeaccompaniedbyalistofpresentsforthepotentialmarriage.Oncethegirl’sfamilyacceptstheGiftLetter,itmeansthetwofamilieswillbegintoprepareforthecomingmarriage.Ontheweddingday,thethirdletterwillbesenttothebride’shomeasaformaldocumenttoacceptthebrideasamemberofthebridegroom’sfamily.Ofcourse,ithasbeenreplacedwithamarriagelicense10nowadays.ChineseEnglish三书，包括聘书、礼书和婚书。第一封文书实际上是探询女方家庭是否乐意接受提婚要求的文书。第二封文书应该附上为这桩潜在婚姻准备的礼物清单。一旦女方家庭接受这封礼书，就意味着双方家庭将会开始为即将到来的婚姻做准备。婚礼当天，第三封文书就会被送到新娘的家里，作为一种正式文件，接受新娘成为新郎家庭的一名成员。当然，它如今已经由结婚证替代。

Incompanywiththethreeletters,therearethesixetiquetteswhichareasfollows:proposing,nameasking,auspiciousmatching,giftpresenting,dateselectingandbridereceiving.Incontemporarysociety,ChinesepeoplehavemuchmorefreedomandopportunitiestoselecttheirMr.RightorMrs.Right,andthesixetiquettesaregenerallysimplifiedintothree,namelyproposing,dateselectingandbridereceiving.ChineseEnglish与三书相对应，还有如下六礼，分别是纳采、问名、纳吉、纳徵、请期和亲迎。现如今，中国人拥有更多的自由和机遇去挑选他们的“真命天子”或“西施夫人”，六礼一般被简化成三礼，即问名、请期和亲迎。Step2:Listenandcheck.Practicethequestionsandanswerswithinagroup,andthenelectonerepresentativetodoaclasspresentationonbehalfofthegroup.Othergroupmembersmakeupforanylostinformation.1.Whatarethejoysyouhaveexperienced?2.WhataretheFourGreatJoysinlife?3.Whatmightthoseunmarriedadultsmeetinfeudalsociety?4.Whatdothesinglegrown-upsencounterinmoderntimes?5.Whatwillbeobservedinthepreparationforamarriage?6.Whatarethethreeletters?7.Whatarethesixetiquettes?8.Whatisauspiciousmatching,thethirdstepofthesixetiquettes?9....(morequestionsareencouraged)感谢您的观看太极英语Unit13ShantongbeiandYanshougongquan1.ExplainthemeaningofShantongbei.2.IllustratethetwoformsinEnglish.3.LearnaboutthebridereceivingintraditionalChinesemarriage.LearningObjectives1.解释“闪通背”的意思。2.用英语讲解这两个招式。3.了解中国传统婚姻中的“亲迎”。Directions:Readthefollowingdialogueandmakeyourowninpairs.BehindShantongbeiA:Robin,howcanwesaywe’veunderstoodthisformShantongbei?B:Areyoutired,Samson1?A:Well.No.Ijustwanttoknowifthereisanend.B:BeforeIanswer,pleasebearinmindonepoint;thatis,listencarefullytomyanswerbeforeyoumakeanycomments.IsthatOK?闪通背的背后甲：罗宾，怎么才算我们理解了这招闪通背呢？乙：参孙，你累了吗？甲：哦。不累，我只是想知道什么时候能学完这个招式。乙：在我回答之前，请牢记一点，那就是仔细听我说完，然后再说出你的意见。好吗？A:Noproblem.I’llbeveryattentive2.B:WangAnshi3saidinaletter,“ItisperhapsthenameanditscontentparticularlythattheConfuciansarearguingabout.”So,let’sbeginwithitsname.A:OK.Whatdoesitsnamesuggest?甲：没问题。我会很专心的。乙：王安石在一封信中写道：“盖儒者所争，尤在于名实。”那么，咱们就从它的名字说起吧。甲：好的。它的名字能够说明什么呢？B:Letmeputitliterally4.Itsnameconsistsoftwoparts:“shan”and“tongbei”.A:Whatdotheymean?B:“Shan”meanstoturnasideorbacktoavoidattacks;“tongbei”meanstomovetheinternalenergythroughtheback.Haveyouknownthis?A:Yes,Ihave,butthereshouldbemoretoitthanitsEnglishexplanationwhichis“turnbackwithenergythroughtheback”.乙：让我从字面上讲讲吧。其名字包含两部分“：闪”和“通背”。甲：它们是什么意思？乙：“闪”就是要闪到一旁或转身以避锋芒；“通背”就是要运内劲贯通脊背。你知道这一点了吧？甲：是的，我知道，不过它的含义应该不止英语解释里的“要运内劲贯通脊背”那么简单。B:Thisisjustaquestionofnaming.Let’sunderstanditintermsofcontent.Howmanyexplosivepoints5doyouknowinthisform,Samson?A:Two,Ithink.Oneisthepalm-dashingexplosion,andtheotheristhefoot-quakingexplosion.B:Welldone!Butdoyouknowhowtodoitwell?A:Withstrength!乙：这仅仅是个命名的问题。咱们从内容上理解吧。参孙，你知道这招里有几个爆发点吗？甲：我想有两个吧。一个是冲掌，另外一个是震脚。乙：说得好！可是你知道怎么做好吗？甲：用力！B:Layman6somewhat.InTaiChi,thereisalwaysgoodpreparationbeforeanyexplosivemovement.Strengthisjustthephysicalembodimentofinternalenergy.A:Gee!Letmethink.Beforethepalmdashes,itisrequiredtohaveasteadycenterofgravity;so,shifttheweighttotheright,stepleftforward,andshiftleftwardanddashouttherightpalmquickly.Igotit.Thesteadyweightisitsbasis.AmIright?乙：有点外行了。在太极拳里，任何爆发动作之前皆有妥善准备。力只是内劲的外在体现而已。甲：哎呀！让我想想。冲掌之前，要求重心稳定，所以重心右移，左前方上步，左移重心，迅速冲右掌。有了。重心稳定是这招的基础，对吧？B:Yes.Alloftheshiftsofweight,thespadefootworkandthebowstanceformtheverypreparationsoastomaketherightpalmdasheffectively.A:Thankyouforthis.HereisanexampleoftheYin-Yangevolution7.ThepalmdashisYang,andthepreparationisYin;YangcomesfromYin.乙：是的。所有的重心转换，铲步和弓步构成恰到好处的准备，使得右冲掌行之有效。甲：谢谢。这正好是阴阳演化的例子。冲掌是阳，准备是阴。阳自阴生。B:It’sfunchattingwithyou.YougosofarastoexperienceTaiChitheoryfromaspecific8form.Wonderful!A:Don’tmentionit.Iwastiredofitjustnow.B:Ha-ha.ThereshouldbeanotherYin-Yangevolution.Remembertheotherexplosion?A:Thefootquake.It’stheYangforce,butwhere’stheYinenergy?Isthattheturningback?乙：和你聊天很有意思。你竟然从具体的招数里体会到太极拳理论。真了不起啊！甲：别提了，刚才我还厌倦这招呢。乙：哈哈。应该还有个阴阳转化。记得另外一个爆发吗？甲：震脚。它是阳劲，但是阴劲在哪儿呢？就是那个转身吗？B:Yes.Butexactly,it’stheinhaled9breathwhileturningbackintotheair.Youknow,tostoreQiisYin,andtomakeitintostrengthisYang.A:Fantastic!B:OK.It’stimeforyourinspiration10.A:Shantongbeiisgood.B:Why’sthat?A:BecauseTaiChiisgood.B:Gee.Whatonearthdoyoumean?乙：是的。不过准确地说，是空中转体时的吸气。你知道的，蓄气如阴，发力为阳。甲：太精彩了！乙：好了。该听听你的感悟了。甲：闪通背好。乙：何出此言？甲：因为太极拳好。乙：哎呀！你究竟要说什么？A:Robin,I’vegotanideaallofasuddenthatShantongbeicanbeaperfectexampletoillustratethetheoryofTaiji.B:Really?A:“Taijimakestwoopposites.”ThetwoformsarejustYinandYang.WhatImeanisthattheformofShantongbeiistheveryevolutionbetweenYinandYang.B:Congratulations.Nexttimeitisyouthatwillpresentittotheclass.A:No!甲：罗宾，我突然有个想法，这招闪通背可以作为一个阐述太极理论的完美例子。乙：真的？甲：“太极生两仪。”两仪即阴阳。我是说，闪通背这个招式本身，就是阴阳之间的转化过程。乙：恭喜恭喜。下一次，向全班人做陈述的就是你了。甲：别啊！ReadTable9anddoTasksA,B,CandD.TaskA:Pairwork—basicunderstanding1.WhatisShantongbeiinEnglish?2.HowmanyactionsarethereinShantongbei?Whatarethey?3.WhatisYanshougongquaninEnglish?4.HowmanyactionsarethereinYanshougongquan?Whatarethey?TaskB:Groupwork—Brainstorming1.WheretoputtheleftpalmwhilepressingdowntherightpalminAction1ofShantongbei?2.Whentherightpalmrushesoutfromthewaist,whereisthelefthandinAction2ofShantongbei?3.AfterthebodyturniscompletedinAction3ofShantongbei,whichfootshouldbejerked?4.WhatshouldbepaidmuchattentiontoifyouwanttomakeShantongbeidonequickly,gracefullyandcompletely?Table9:ShantongbeiandYanshougongquan15.Shantongbei(TurningBackwithEnergythroughtheBack)Action1:Shifttheweighttotheleft,andinthemeantime,lifttherightknee,raisetherightpalmanddroptheleftpalm;then,steprightforward,swingtherightpalmoutwardandpresstheleftpalm(Fig.15-1-1).Shifttheweighttotheright,andthen,stepleftforward,swingtheleftpalmforwardandpresstherightpalmdownward,withtheeyesstaringatthefront(Fig.15-1-2).ChineseEnglish动作一：重心左移，同时提右膝，起右掌，落左掌；然后上右步，右掌外摆，按左掌（图例15-1-1）。重心右移，上左步，左掌前摆，按右掌，目视前方（图例15-1-2）。Notes:1)Shifttotheleftintoaone-legstance;bothhandscombinebeforethechestinaclockwisearc.2)Whensteppingrightforward,swingtherighthandtoeyelevelandpressthelefthandbesidethelefthip,clockwise.3)Whensteppingforward,crouchthebodyandsecurely1graspthegroundwiththerightfoottoes.Onlyafterachievingstableweightdistributioncantherebeabrisk2leftstepforwardandcontinuousandconcerted3movements.ChineseEnglish注：1）重心左移成独立势；双手顺时针划弧合于胸前。2）上右步时，右手摆至眼高，左手以顺时针方向按至左胯旁。3）上步时，身体下蹲，右脚趾牢牢抓地。待重心稳固后，左脚才能轻灵地迈步，动作应连贯协调。Action2:Shifttheweightforward,drivetherightfootagainsttheearth,turnthewaistandtwinethearms;inthemeantime,shaketherightpalmupwardfromthewaist,withthefingertipsleadingupward.Lookingatthefront(Fig.15-2).Notes:1)Shiftforwardintoaleftbowstance.2)Astherightpalmthrustsupward,theleftpalmpressesdownbesidethelefthip.3)Whileshiftingforward,drawinthechest,lowerthewaist,andmaintaintheinwardenergythroughoutthewholebody.Whentheshakingenergy4explodes,itreachesthefingertips.ChineseEnglish动作二：重心前移，右脚蹬地，扭腰旋臂，同时右掌由腰间向上抖出，指尖上领，目视前方（图例15-2）。注：1）前移重心成左弓步。2）随右掌上冲，左掌下按至左胯旁。3）前移重心时，含胸塌腰，周身合劲。抖劲发力时，劲达指尖。ChineseAction3:Turnovertherightpalmoutwardandleadtherighthandupward;withtheleftfootasanaxis,raisetherightkneeandturnbackfromtheright(Fig.15-3-1).Thenstomp5therightfoot,pressdownthepalms,andlifttheleftknee,lookingleft(Fig.15-3-2).Notes:Whenthebodyisturningright,therightarmleadstheenergy.Itshouldbewellcompletedinonebreathtorevolve6thearms,twistthewaist,turnthehipsandraisetheknee.English动作三：右掌外翻，右手上领，以左脚为轴，提右膝，同时身体从右侧向后转身（图例15-3-1）。震右脚，按掌，提左膝，目视左侧（图例15-3-2）。注：身体右转时，以右臂领劲。旋臂、扭腰、转胯、提膝，要一气呵成。Chinese16.Yanshougongquan(PunchwithaCoveringPalm)Action1:Takealeftspadestep,andthenshifttheweightleftwardandseparatethepalmsdownwardstoeachside;shifttheweightrightwardandcombinethehands,therighthandchangingintoafistandstandingbeforetherightchestandthelefthandpressinginfrontoftherightfist(Fig.16-1).Notes:1)Asthehandsseparateoutward,botharmsspiraloutward(shunchan).Asthehandscloseinward,botharmstwineinward(nichan).2)Therightfiststandsinfrontoftherightchest,withitsfaceupwardanditsheartinward.English16.掩手肱拳动作一：左铲步，左移重心，下分掌至身体两侧；右移重心，合手，右手握拳立于右胸前，左手按于右拳前方（图例16-1）。注：1）双手外分，双臂顺缠。双手内合，双臂逆缠。2）右拳立于右胸前，拳面朝上，拳心朝内。ChineseChineseAction2:Shifttheweightleftwardanddrivetherightlegagainsttheground,makingtherightfistdashforward(Fig.16-2).Notes:1)Beforethefistthrust,storeenergyfully,whichislikeawell-compressed7firecrackerforexplosiverelease.Whiledrivingtherightfootagainsttheground,itshouldbecompletedinonebreathtotwistthewaist,shaketheshouldersandthrustthefist.2)Whengeneratingtheforce,exhale,leadupthecrownenergy8,andsinkthecenterofgravityslightly.Whentherightfistandtheleftelbowechowitheachother,therewillbeenergynaturallyproducedfromthefistfaceandelbowtip.English动作二：左移重心，蹬右腿，冲右拳（图例16-2）。注：1）冲拳前，蓄劲要足，蓄劲如卷炮。右脚蹬地时，拧腰、抖肩、冲拳要一气呵成。2）发力时，呼气，顶劲领起，重心微下沉。右拳与左肘相互呼应，力自然发于拳面和肘尖。TaskC:Groupwork—explorethefollowingquestions1.WhyisitcalledShantongbei?2.Howtomakeuseoftheenergyinthisform?3.WhatistheutmostimportantinmakingYanshougongquan?4.Whyshouldtherebeamutualechobetweentherightfistandtheleftelbow?TaskD:Classwork1.It’ssuggestedtodividetheclassintotwogroups.OnegroupdoesShantongbei(TurningBackwithEnergythroughtheBack)andtheothermakesYanshougongquan(PunchwithaCoveringPalm).Whenastudentisperformingtheform,otherstudentsshouldtrytomakeuseofbriefEnglishtodescribetheinvolvedactions.2.Pickoutoneortwogroupstomaketheperformanceinpublicasthemodel.Theteacherissuggestedtocorrectthestudents’Englishdescriptions.Bearinmindthatanyencouragementiswelcome.Step1:Workinagroupofthreeorfour.Readthepassageandcompletethefollowingquestionswiththegivenexpressions.1.What/themostwonderfulpart/thesixetiquettes?2.What/thebride/do/atdawn/meetingwithherMr.Right?3.What/thebridegroom/do/dawn/hisbride-receivingjourney?4.Why/thecouple-to-be/have/suchamorningceremony/respectively/dawn?5.Why/there/atearfuldeparture/forthebride/herparents?6.Why/there/beredpackets/thegate/thebride’sresidence?7.What/thebridegroomandbride/do/theweddinghall?Why?8.Why/there/entertainments/thebridalchamber?9....(morequestionsareencouraged)BrideReceiving

Ofthesixetiquettesorthreeletters,themostinterestingandcomplicatedistheweddingdaytoreceivethebride.

Atdawn,thebrideshoulddressherselfwellinredandcoverherselfwellwitharedveil,listeningtolessonsonhowtobeagoodwifeandwaitingforherMr.Right1,inherhome.Atthesametime,thebridegroomshouldfirstgetcappedanddressedinalonggown,redshoeswithasilkballonhischest;hewillthenkneelattheancestralaltar2forhispatriarch3’sdeclarationofhisadulthoodtosignifythemanisreadytotakeontheresponsibilitiesoffamily.ChineseEnglish亲迎六礼或者三书之中，最有意思也最为复杂的是婚礼当天接新娘。黎明时分，新娘应该身着红袍，面遮红纱，聆听如何做一个贤妻良母的教诲，在家中静候她的“真命天子”。与此同时，新郎要先戴高帽、着长袍、穿红鞋、胸口挎一个红绣球。然后，新郎要长跪于祠堂，恭迎一家之主宣告其成年，这表示该男子即将承担家庭责任。

Thecomingisthewell-knownbride-receivingjourney.Onthewaytothebride’shome,itisnecessarytoplaymusicandsetofffirecrackers.Atthegateofthebride’sresidence,thebridegroomwillgothroughsomecarefully-designedgametestsfromthebride’ssistersandrelatives;atthemoment,itishiscourage,wisdomandfriendshipthatcanhelphimselfoutofthesespecialtests,butgenerally,redpackets4containingmoneyarenecessaryinordertotakehisbrideasearlyaspossible.ChineseEnglish接下来，就是大家熟知的“迎亲之旅”。在去新娘家的路上，要吹吹打打、放鞭炮。在新娘家大门前，新郎要经历新娘娘家姊妹和亲戚精心设置的一些游戏考验。此时此刻，只有新郎的勇气、智慧和人缘才会帮助他通过这些特殊考验，但是一般来说，为了尽早接新娘回家，装有礼金的红包是必不可少的。

Afterthebride’stearfuldeparturefromherparents,thebridewillsitinaredsedanchair5.Onthewaytohernewhome,thebridalsedanchairwillbecurtainedsothatshecanbeawayfromanythinginauspicious6,andfirecrackerswillbesetofftodriveawayevilspirits.Bythethreshold,thebride,afterawaveofnoisyandloudfirecrackers,willgetofffromhersedanchairandstandonaredmatandstepoveraflamingstoveandsaddle,meaninganout-of-evil,clean,andbravebride.

Thefollowingisagrandweddingceremony.Thenewcoupleisguidedtotheweddinghall.Withalltheguests,relativesandfriendsaround,theyaredirectedtokowtowthreetimes,toHeavenandEarth,totheirparents,andtoeachother.Then