Unit3-Unit4V-ing的用法总复习课件人教版高中英语选择性

Grammar

TherevisionofV-ing

请找出下列句子的主语。1)Smokingdoesharmtoourhealth.2)Playingbasketballissointeresting.3)Workinghardwhenyouareyoungcanhelpyouliveabetterlifewhenyouareold.

主语。一.观察可知：动词-ing在句子中可以充当注意：动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。但表示多于一个的概念时，谓语动词用复数。eg.1.

Talking

(be)easier

than

doing.

2.

Dancing

and

skating

(be)my

hobbies.isare2.用形式主语it，把真正的V-ing形式移置句尾。

常用V-ing形式作主语的句型有：1)做某事没有好处：____________________2)做某事没有用处：

___________________3)做某事是浪费时间的:_________________________4)值得做某事：_______________________Itisnogooddoingsth.Itisnouse/useless

doingsth.Itisawasteoftimedoingsth.Itisworthwhile/worthdoingsth.Thereisnopointdoingsth.这种事开不得玩笑。3.在Thereisno结构中，通常用V-ing动词。如：5)做某事毫无意义：________________________6)Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.________________

练习一：用适当的形式将句子补充完整。1、It’snouse_________(argue)withapersonlikehim.2、Thereisnouse________(keep)silentaboutsuchamatter.3、__________(walk)isagoodformofexerciseforbothmenandwomen.4、__________(make)friendsisannecessarypartinourlife.5、__________(play)tricksonothersissomethingweshouldneverdo．

练习二：用V-ing形式作主语翻译下列句子。6、照料家人是我的日常工作。7、给他打电话是没有用的。arguingkeepingWalkingMakingPlayingTakingcareofthefamilyismydailyrouting.Itisnouse/uselesscallinghim.

1.请找出下列句子的宾语。1)Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmah-jong,swimmingandreading.(___宾)2)However,hedoesn’tcareaboutbeingfamous.(___宾)

动介二.观察可知：V-ing在句子中可以充当宾语。2.常跟V-ing形式作宾语的动词:avoid,miss,delay/put

offadvise,finish,practiseenjoy,imagine,can't

helpadmit,deny,envyescape,risk,excusestand,keep,mind

避免错过少延期建议完成多练习喜欢想象禁不住承认否定与嫉妒逃避冒险莫原谅忍受保持不介意

2.必须跟V-ing形式作宾语的短语：dreamof梦想;care

about在乎;give

up放弃aim

at瞄准;feel

like想要;insist

on坚持;think

of认为;stickto

坚持;

lead

to导致;set

about开始做;be

interested

in对……感兴趣;be

used

to习惯于;get

down

to开始做;look

forward

to

期待;pay

attention

to注意;

devote

oneself

to

献身于……;be

good

at擅长;be

concerned

about关心;

3.在以下结构中，V­ing形式作介词的宾语，介词常省略

spend…(in)

doing花费……做某事

have

difficulty/trouble

(in)

doing…做……有困难/麻烦stop/prevent…(from)

doing阻止……做某事

waste

time

(in)

doing浪费时间做某事be

busy

(in)

doing忙于做某事

have

a

good/hard

time

(in)

doing高兴做某事/费了很大劲做某事There

is

no

point

(in)

doing做某事毫无意义

4.V­ing形式作主语、宾语时的几个特殊情况：(1)有些动词既可以跟V-ing形式，又可以跟todo做宾语,意义差别大。

(2)

在动词need,require,want,deserve后，用V­ing形式表示被动意义，即sth.need/require/want/deserve

doing＝need/require/want/deserve

to

be

done.These

clothes

need

washing.＝These

clothes

need

to

be

washed.

(3)在(be)

worth后面只能用V­ing形式来表示被动意义。The

film

is

worth

seeing

a

second

time.而be

worthy后面的非谓语动词用被动形式，构成be

worthy

to

be

done/of

being

done

(4)V­ing的复合结构的否定形式为：形容词性物主代词/代词(宾格)/名词/名词的所有格＋not

doing…Jerry's

not

arriving

on

time

made

the

peoplepresent

angry.

(5)用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是V­ing形式。

Ifoundituselessarguingaboutit.练习二：用适当的形式将句子补充完整。1.Isuggest__________(invite)himtospeakoneducation.2.Ipractice_______(play)thepianoinmysparetime.3.Alltheboysarelookingforwardto_________(feed)theanimals.4.Thethiefranawayquicklytoavoid__________(catch).5.Theteachertoldthestudentstostop_______and_______(write,listen)tohim.6.Hesucceededin_________(persuade)hertodothejob.10.Thedoorneeds/wants/requires_______(repair).invitingplayingfeedingbeingcaughtwritingtolistenpersuadingrepairing

三.V-ing作表语

Myjobis________(teach)English.(放在___动词后面)

注意：(此时doing的名词意义较强)与主语通常是同一概念，可与主语互换位置。V-ing作表语，表示主语的某种性质和特征。如果和情绪相关的V-ing形式则形容词意义较强。表示“令人......”,往往物做主语。如：moving,interesting,encouraging,exciting,inspiring,boring,surprising,puzzling,amusing,astonishing…

The

news

is

very

surprising.teaching系

四.V-ing作定语1.表用途。e.g.awaitingroom=aroom_________2.表正在进行，可以相当于一个____从句。e.g.Isawawaitingmanthere.=Isawaman__________________there.练习：1)Theyarevisitorswhocomefromseveralcountries.(用分词作定语改写句子)2)Threedayslater,Ireceivedaletterwhichofferedmethejob.(用分词作定语改写句子)

Theyarevisitorscomingfromseveralcountries.Threedayslater,Ireceivedaletterofferingmethejob.forwaiting定语whowaswaiting

3.

有些V-ing形式已经转化成形容词，常做定语修饰物，表示“令人......的”，如：moving,interesting,encouraging,exciting,inspiring,boring等。如:That

must

have

been

a

terrifying

experience.

4.单个的V-ing形式作定语时，放在被修饰词前;V-ing形式短语作定语，放在被修饰词之后。falling

leaves正在落下的树叶

the

girl

wearing

a

red

dress穿红裙子的女孩

练习三：用适当的形式将句子补充完整。

1.Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket______thedesert.

2.Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudents________Chineseintheschool，most_____werefromGermany.

3.Thequestion______________atpresenthassomethingimportanttodowithourdailylife.

4.Chinaisa_________country________tothethirdworld.

coveringstudyingofthembeingdiscusseddevelopingbelonging

五.V-ing形式作宾补1.常接V-ing形式做宾语补足语的动词有感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,listen,feel,find等。1)WhenIpassedthetree,Isawagirl______(cry)underit.2)Manypeoplefeltthehouse_______(shake).2.常接V-ing做宾语补足语的动词还有使役动词have,keep,get,leave等.

Don’tleaveme______(wait)outsideintherain.练习：1)Theteacherfoundthathisstudentsweretalkingloudlyinclass.(用分词作宾补改写句子)cryingshakingwaitingTheteacherfoundhisstudentstalkingloudlyinclass.

练习四：用下列动词的恰当形式填空。

1.Whenwereturned,wefoundastranger_______(stand)infrontofthehouse.2.Ifeltsomebody________(talk)behindme.3.Iheardagirl_________(cry)inthedark.4.Inoticedathief________(steal)onthebus.5.Hekepther_______(wait)downstairsthewholeday.6.Theyfoundthefilmvery_______(excite).

7.Whenhewokeup,hefoundhimself_______(lie)inhospital.standingtalkingcrying/crystealingexcitinglyingwaiting

六.V-ing形式作状语

V-ing在句子中可以充当时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随状语。

判断下列句子中V-ing形式充当什么状语并进行句型转换。1.V-ing作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。

Seeingthosepictures,hecouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedaysinAustralia.=____________thosepictures,hecouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedaysinAustralia.

WhenhesawBecausetheywere2.V-ing作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。

Beingsopoor,theparentscouldn’taffordtosendtheboytohospital.=________________sopoor,theparents3.V-ing作条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。

Givenmoretime,he’lldoitbetter.=___________moretime,he’lldoitbetter.

Though/AlthoughheispoorIfheisgiven

couldn’taffordtosendtheboytohospital.4.V-ing作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句。

Beingpoor,helivesahappylife.=________________________________,helivesahappylife.5.V-ing作结果状语，可以用and连接。

Thebusfellintotheriver,causingthedeathsof50people.=Thebusfellintotheriver_________thedeathsof50people.

anditcausedandlaughed6.V-ing作方式或伴随状语，可以用and连接。

Theywentintotheclassroom,laughinghappily.=Theywentintotheclassroom_______happily.V-ing作状语时的注意事项(1)V-ing形式做状语时，其逻辑主语与句子主语保持一致。Arriving

at

the

station,

we

learned

that

the

train

had

already

gone.

到了车站，我们获悉火车已开走了。现在分词短语arriving

at

the

station的逻辑主语就是句子主语we，即句意为：我们到了车站，我们获悉火车开走了。)(2)V-ing的时态现在分词的一般式(doing)，现在分词的完成式(having

done)。①当现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，用现在分词一般式doing。Walking

in

the

street,I

met

an

old

friend

of

mine.我正在大街上行走时,遇到了一位老朋友。②当现在分词的动作先发生，而谓语动词的动作后发生时，用现在分词完成式having

done。Having

finished

the

letter，he

went

to

post

it.(having

finished是先发生的，went是后发生的)(3)V-ing形式的语态(使用V-ing的主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于V-ing和句子主语之间的关系。)Reading

carefully,he

found

something

he

hadn’t

knowbefore.仔细阅读时，他发现了一些他以前不知道的东西。Being

surrounded

by

her

families,Emily

gained

her

strength.被家人包围着，艾米丽获得了力量。(4)英语中一些现在V-ing可以视作插入语，其逻辑主语可以与句子主语不一致。表明说话者的态度、观点等。如：generally

speaking“一般来说”,judging

by/from…“从……判断”,taking

everything

into

consideration“从全局考虑”。Judging

from

his

behaviour，he

must

be

mad.从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。练习：1)Whentheyheardthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.(用分词作状语改写句子)

2)Whileshewasplayingthepiano,shegotveryexcited.(用分词作状语改写句子)3)Aftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework,theyallwentouttoplay.(用分词作状语改写句子)Hearingthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.Playingthepiano,shegotveryexcited.Havingfinishedtheirhomework,theyallwentouttoplay.4)Becausehewassoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.(用分词作状语改写句子)5)Ashedidn’trecognizethevoice,herefusedtogivethepersonhisaddress.(用分词作状语改写句子)6)Althoughheworkedfrommorningtillnight,hedidn’tgetenoughfood.(用分词作状语改写句子)Beingsoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.Notrecognizingthevoice,herefusedtogivethepersonhisaddress.Workingfrommorningtillnight,hedidn’tgetenoughfood.7)Ifyouworkhard,you’llsucceed.(用分词作状语改写句子)8)Thoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.(用分词作状语改写句子)

9)Theplanewasheldupbythesnowstormanditcausedthedelay.(用分词作状语改写句子)10)Istoodforaminuteandlookedatthebluesky.Workinghard,you’llsucceed.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.Theplanedwasheldupbythesnowstorm,causingthedelay.Istoodforaminute,lookingatthebluesky.七.V-ing一般式和完成式的区别V-ing的时态、语态和否定形式形式

主动被动一般式doing完成式否定式beingdonehavingdonehavingbeendonenotdoing/notbeingdone/nothavingdone/nothavingbeendone

一般式表示动作同时进行，完成式表示动作有明显的先后顺序。一般式表示动作同时进行，完成式表示动作有明显的先后顺序。1)______(see)thebeautiful