2020-2021年阅读理解记叙文专项复习

2020-2021年阅读理解记叙文专项复习一、英语阅读理解记叙文（含答案详细解析）1．阅读理解

Whenfacedwithdifficultsituationsintheirlives,manypeoplefindthemtoochallengingandgiveup,especiallyontheirlifedreams.ButnotforGabrielHeredia.

Gabrrelisa21-year-oldArgentineanbarber（阿根廷理发师）whowasbornwithouthands.Buthewasabletogrowuphappyandindependentbecausehealwayshadthesupportoffriendsandfamily.Infact,hisinspirationforsuchworkwashismother,whoisahairdresser.Attheageof14,hebegantotakeinterestinherworkandlearnedallkindsofhaircuttingskillsfromher.Althoughhefirstsawitasaninterest,Gabrielquicklydecidedthatthiswashisdreamjob.

Gabriel'sfamilysoonhelpedhimopenhisfirstbarbershopinSanIsidro,Peru,whichheworkedatforoneandahalfyears.There,hemetZlatanGomez,thepresidentofArgentinaCorta,anorganizationforbarberstoconnect,docharity（慈善）work,andteachhairdressing.Later,GabrielbecamepartofArgentinaCorta,offeringhisservicestopeopleofallagessotheycanbuilduptheskillstheyneedtogetajob.

GabrielthenmovedtoBuenosAires,Argentinawherehecutshairtoday.Asabrightandcaringyoungman,Gabrieltrieshardtonotonlybeabarber,butalsomakeaconnectionwiththeneighborhood.Hesays,"ThethingthatIlikethemostaboutmyjobisthatpeoplefeelcomfortableandstylishwithmycutsandthatmakesmefeelhappy."

Gabrielalwaysdoeshisbesttobeindependent.Henevergivesup.Thereisnothinghecan'tdo.Besidescuttinghair,hehaslearnedtorideabike,amotorbikeandeventodriveacar.Heisnodoubtinspiringothers.（1）WhenGabrielwasborn,whatmadehimdifferentfromothers?A.

Hewasbornwithouthands.B.

Hisspecialhaircut.C.

Hislifedream.D.

Hishappinessandindependence.（2）Atfirst,GabrielHeredialearnedhaircuttingskills________________.A.

fromZlatanGomez

B.

fromhismother

C.

fromhisfriends

D.

byhimself（3）WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutGabrielHerediaisNOTtrue?A.

Hetrieshardtomakeaconnectionwiththeneighborhood.B.

Hecannotonlycuthairbutalsodriveacar.C.

HejoinedArgentinaCortaandtaughtothershaircuttingskillsinSanIsidro.D.

HeopenedhisfirstbarbershopinBuenosAireswiththehelpofhisfamily.（4）WhatdoesGabriel'sstorymainlytellus?A.

Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.B.

You'renevertoooldtolearn.C.

Nothingisimpossibleifyoudon'tgiveup.D.

Educationchangeslife.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：很多人在面对困难时会选择放弃，但是加布里埃尔·赫雷迪亚没有放弃，他是一个理发师，生下来就没有双手，但是能够独立的成长，在家人的鼓励和支持下，实现了自己的梦想，后来帮搬到了阿根廷首都，布宜诺斯艾利斯，继续在那里理发。加布里埃尔总是尽力保持独立。他从不放弃。他什么都能做。除了剪发，他还学会了骑自行车、摩托车甚至开车。他无疑在激励别人。（1）细节理解题，根据whowasbornwithouthands.

可知，使他与众不同的是剩下了就没有双手，故答案是A。（2）细节理解题，根据

Infact,hisinspirationforsuchworkwashismother,whoisahairdresser.Attheageof14,hebegantotakeinterestinherworkandlearnedallkindsofhaircuttingskillsfromher.

可知是他的理发技艺来自他的妈妈，故答案是B。​​​​​​​（3）正误判断题题，根据Gabriel'sfamilysoonhelpedhimopenhisfirstbarbershopinSanIsidro,Peru,whichheworkedatforoneandahalfyears.可知他在家人的帮助下在秘鲁圣伊西德罗开了第一家理发店，而不是在布宜诺斯艾利斯，所以D的叙述错误，故答案是D。​​​​​​​（4）细节理解题，根据根据文章内容可知，只要不放弃，什么都能成为可能，故答案是C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；文章出处题需要根据文章内容确定其来源；正误判断题属于细节理解题的一种，也需要根据文章内容进行判定。2．阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。

Oncetherewasasmallhotelwhosekeeperwasalwayscaringaboutmoney.

Oneday,abusinessmanarrived.Thekeeperlookedattheman'sthickwalletandthought,"Oh,Iwishthatallthemoneycouldbemine!"Thebusinessmandidn'tnoticethat,soheorderedthemostexpensiveroomandwenttohisroomtodressfordinner.

Aroundthehotel,thereweresomebeautifulginger（姜）plants.Manypeoplesaidthateatingthebuds（芽）ofgingerwouldmakeapersonforgetful.

Thekeeperthought,"IfIservesomebudsofgingertothebusinessman,hemaybeforgetfultotakehiswallet!"Thenshewenttothekitchen.

Soon,businessmancamedownstairsandaskedfordinner.Thekeeperwasveryexcitedassheservedthedishtohim."Delicious!"saidtherichman.Whendinnerwasfinished,hewenttobedhappily.

Inthenextmorning,thekeepersawthebusinessmanleavingfromthefrontdoor.Assoonashewasoutofsight,sheranuptohisroom.Shelookedallovertheroomforthewallet,butshecouldn'tfindit.Suddenly,shenoticedapieceofpaperonthefloor.Itwasthebusinessman'sbill（账单）.Hehadforgottentopayit!Sherandownthestairs,outofthefrontdoor,andacrosstheroaduntilshewasoutofbreath,butthebusinessmanwasalreadyfar,faraway."I'msosilly!”"criedthekeeper.（1）Thekeepercameupwithanideatoownthebusinessman'smoneywhen__________.A.

shedressedherselfB.

shecookedthemealinthekitchenC.

thebusinessmanwentupstairshappilyD.

shethoughtofthebudsofgingeraroundherhotel（2）Thekeeperranintothebusinessman'sroomassoonasheleftbecause__________.A.

shewantedtofindtheman'sbillB.

shewantedtofindthekeytotheman'sroomC.

shewantedtocheckifthemanhadlefthismoneythereD.

shewantedtoseeifthemanhadbrokenanythingintheroom（3）WhichifthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothispassage?A.

Thekeeperrealizedthebudsofgingerdidn'tworkintheend.B.

Thekeeperranafterthebusinessmanbecauseofthebill.C.

Thebusinessmandidn'tknowtherumor（谣言）aboutthebudsofginger.D.

Thebusinessmandidn'tpaythekeeper'sbillbecausehelosthismoney.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：一个贪财的旅店老板整天惦记着钱，一天一个商人来住店了，他认为商人有很多钱，于是就动了心思，他记着有些人说吃了姜芽可以让人失去记忆，于是他就给商人吃了姜芽，第二天当商人出门之后，他去了房间找钱，但是啥也没有，只发现了一个账单，那是住店的账单，这是他想起来了，商人还没有结账就走了。（1）细节理解题，根据

Aroundthehotel,thereweresomebeautifulginger（姜）plants.Manypeoplesaidthateatingthebuds（芽）ofgingerwouldmakeapersonforgetful.

可知，当他想起了旅店周围的姜的时候，想起了一个把商人的钱占为己有的方法，故答案是D。（2）细节理解题，根据Assoonashewasoutofsight,sheranuptohisroom.Shelookedallovertheroomforthewallet,butshecouldn'tfindit.

可知，他去房间是为了找商人的钱，故答案是C。（3）正误判断题，根据Hehadforgottentopayit!

可知没因为商人丧失了记忆力，忘记了结账，故答案是D。【点评】考查阅读理解，本文主要涉及到了细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题相对简单，一般可以直接从文中找到答案或者解题依据。正误判断题是细节理解的一种题型，也是根据文章内容进行判断的。3．阅读理解

IamTurere.IcomefromKitengela,afarmingcommunityontheedge（边缘）ofNairobiNationalParkofKenya（肯尼亚）.Sincetheageofnine.Ihavehelpedtolookaftermyfamily'scows.Asachild,inmyfreetime.Ienjoyedplayingwithelectronics.Imademyowninventions,suchaselectronictoysfromcarpartsandotherthings.Ialsobuiltotherelectronicdevices（仪器）formyneighbors.

Attheageof13,Iinventedsomethingthatchangedmylife.Italsochangedthelivesofmanypeopleinmycommunity.Onenight,alionfromtheparkcameintomyfamily'sfarmandkilledoneofourcows.Iwasangry.However,killingthelion,Ithought,wasnotthebestwaytosolvetheproblem.Instead,Idecidedtoinventasolution

ThefirstideaIgotwastousefire,becauseIthoughtlionswerescaredoffire.ButIcametorealizethatdidn'treallyhelp,becauseitwasevenhelpingthelionstoseethroughthecowshed（牛棚）.SoIdidn'tgiveup.Icontinued.

AndasecondideaIgotwastouseascarecrow（稻草人）.Iwastryingtotrickthelionsintothinking）thatIwasstandingnearthecowshed.Butlionsareveryclever.Theywillcomethefirstdayandtheyseethescarecrow,andtheygoback.Butthesecondday,they'llcomeandtheysay,thisthingisnotmovinghere,itisalwayshere!Sohejumpsinandkillstheanimals.

Soonenight,Iwaswalkingaroundthecowshedwithatorch（手电筒）,andthatdaythelionsdidn'tcome.AndIdiscoveredthatlionswereafraidofamovinglight.SoIhadanidea.（1）WhatwasTurereinterestedinwhenhewasachild?A.

Trickingtheneighbors.

B.

Lookingaftercows.

C.

Playingwithelectronics.

D.

Makingcarparts（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph4referto?A.

Thelion.

B.

Thescarcer.

C.

Thecow.

D.

Thecowshed（3）What'sthesolutiontodrivingthelionaway?A.

Usingamovinglight

B.

Usingatorch

C.

Usingascarecrow（4）Whatcanwegetfromthepassage?A.

Thelionkilledallthecows.

B.

Turerekilledthelionatlast.C.

Thelionnolongerlivedinthepark.

D.

Turere'sinventionmadepeacewithlions.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要叙述来自基腾格拉，一个位于肯尼亚内罗毕国家公园边缘的农业社区的男孩Turere。从九岁开始。帮忙照看我家的奶牛。作为一个孩子，在的空闲时间。喜欢玩电子产品。有自己的发明，比如汽车零件和其他东西做成的电子玩具。还为邻居制造了其他电子设备。13岁时，我发明了改变我生活的东西。它也改变了我社区许多人的生活。（1）细节理解题。由

Asachild,inmyfreetime.Ienjoyedplayingwithelectronics.可知他对玩电子产品感兴趣。故选C。（2）代词的指代题。由上句Butthesecondday,they'llcomeandtheysay,thisthingisnotmovinghere。可知it是指thisthing=ascarecrow

，稻草人不会动，故选B。（3）细节理解题。由AndIdiscoveredthatlionswereafraidofamovinglight.

可知赶走狮子的方法就是使用移动光，故选A。（4）推理判断题。由

Soonenight,Iwaswalkingaroundthecowshedwithatorch,andthatdaythelionsdidn'tcome.可知用移动光的方法能赶走狮子杀害村子里动物，又不用杀死狮子。图雷尔的发明与狮子和平共处，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。4．阅读理解

Whenhedidn'tbecomefamous,AlbertEinstein,oneofthegreatestscientistsintheworld,livedahardlife,wearingcasually.Someoneremindedhimheshouldhaveadecent（得体的）coatsoastoenterthesociety.

Hesaid,"I'munknown.EvenifIwearmorehandsomely,noonewillknowme."Afewyearslater,Einsteinbecameaworld-famousscientist,whostillworecasually.Themanagainremindedheshouldhaveacoatmadequickly,oritwoulddisagreewiththefameofagreatscientist.Einsteinsaidwithasmile,"Now,evenifIwearragged（衣衫褴褛的）clothes,peoplewillknowme."

Sometimes,heevenworeasportsshirtandapairofsandalstotheUniversityofBerlinwhenheworkedasaprofessorinGermany.Hisfriendsdidn'tagreewithhim,buthesaidjokingly,"Ifthebagisbetterthanthemeatinside,itwillbeabadthing."

Indeed,manyatime,ifwedon'tadorn（修饰;装饰）ourselvesfromtheappearancebutlettheskeleton（骨架;骨骼）ofthespiritstandup,wewon'tfalloverinthisworld.（1）Einsteinwasagreat__________.A.

reporter

B.

writer

C.

scientist

D.

artist（2）Beforebecomingfamous,whensomeoneremindedhimtohaveadecentcoat.Einstein____.A.

hadadecentcoatquickly

B.

stillworecasuallyC.

quarreledwiththeperson

D.

woremorehandsomelythen（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthefourthparagraph?A.

Einsteinwasunfriendlytohisfriends.B.

EinsteinoncestudiedintheUniversityofBerlin.C.

Einsteindidn'tlikehisworkasaprofessorinGermany.D.

Einsteinthoughtthethingsinsideapersonweremoreimportantthantheappearance.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：世界著名科学家爱因斯坦成名前后都穿着随意，面对人们的劝说，他的回答发人深思。他认为：一个人内在的品质要比外表更重要。我们应该让精神的骨架站起来，才能立于不败之地。（1）细节理解题。由文中语句AlbertEinstein，oneofthegreatestscientistsintheworld可知，爱因斯坦是一位伟大的科学家。故选C。（2）推理判断题。根据第一段最后

Someoneremindedhimheshouldhaveadecent（得体的）coatsoastoenterthesociety.“有人提醒他为了融入社会他应该有一件得体的外套”；第二段语句

Hesaid,"I'munknown.EvenifIwearmorehandsomely,noonewillknowme."爱因斯坦回答“我没有名气。即便我穿得更英俊漂亮，也没有人会认识我。”由此推断，爱因斯坦没有听从别人劝告，依然穿着很随意，故选B。（3）推理判断题。阅读短文第四段可知，爱因斯坦在柏林大学工作时，穿着运动衫和凉鞋去学校，朋友们不赞同时，他说“如果袋子比里面的肉好，那将是一件坏事。”这里爱因斯坦将袋子和肉分别比作人的外在和内在，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和推理判断等常考题型，推理判断题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。5．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。BlueLightning

Sallylovedcarsmorethananythingelse.Thisspringshethoughtofbuildingago-karttoenterfortheGo-GoRace.Sosheaskedherdadforhelp.

"Well,"hesaid."Howaboutthis:youdosomeresearchfirstandthencomebacktomewithadesign."

Aweeklater,SallybroughthernotesanddrawingstoDad.Shenamedhergo-kart"BlueLightning".Dadlookedoverherwork,thinking."Well,that'sinteresting,"hesaid."Haveatry.JustbuildBlueLightningasyou'vedesigned."

Overthreeweekendsofhardwork,Sallyturnedherdesignintoareal,workinggo-kartandpainteditlightblue.Dadaskedhertotakeitforatestdrive.Sallyagreed.

Aftershedidthat,SallydrovebacktoDad."Well,"shesaid."NowIknowwhyyouwantedmetohaveatestdrive."

"Oh,doyou?"hesaid."Pleaseshare."

"WhenIdrovefast,therewasalotofpushback,"shesaid."Ithinkit'sbecauseofthelightningbolt（闪电）shape."

"Verygood!"Dadsaid.

"So,whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutthatprobleminthefirstplace?"Sallyasked.

Dadlaughed."Where'sthefuninthat?Ifyougiveamanafish,he'lleatforaday.Butifyouteachamantofish,he'lleatforalifetime."

Sallysaid,"Isee.Anyway,designingishalfthefun!"

Dadsmiled."Good.Sometimes,learninghappensduringtheprocess.Welearnhowtodosomethingrightbydoingitafewtimesfirstandmakingmistakesalongtheway."

ThatencouragedSallyandsheworkedevenharder.WhensheshowedDadhernewgo-kart,henoddedwithpride.

Finallycametherace.Sallywasn'tworriedaboutwhethershewouldwin—inhermind,shehadalreadywon,bybuildingsomethingbetterthaneverbefore.（1）Sallythoughtofbuildingago-kartto________.A.

practicedriving

B.

enterforarace

C.

playwithfriends

D.

dosomeresearch（2）WhatdidSally'sdadaskhertodoaftershebuiltthego-kart?A.

Tohaveatestdrive.

B.

Totakeagoodrest.C.

Togiveitacoolname.

D.

Topaintitlightblue.（3）Sally'sstorymainlytellsusthat________.A.

winningaraceisimportant

B.

fishingbringsusalotoffunC.

drivingexperienceisnecessary

D.

learninghappensduringtheprocess【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述在过程中学习，我们通过做某事数次，然后发现错误，最后学会怎样正确地做某事。（1）细节题。根据Thisspringshethoughtofbuildingago-karttoenterfortheGo-GoRace.可知她想造卡丁车参加比赛，故选B。（2）细节题。根据Dadaskedhertotakeitforatestdrive.造好卡丁车后，爸爸叫她进行测试驾，故选A。（3）主旨题。文章主要讲述我们通过做某事数次，然后发现错误，最后学会怎样正确地做某事，在过程中学习，故选D。【点评】细节题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6．阅读理解

Todaytherearepolicemeneverywhere,butin1700,Londonhadnopolicemenatall.Afewoldmenusedtoprotectthecitystreetsatnightandtheywerenotpaid.

About300yearsago,Londonwasstartingtogetbiggerandmoreandmorepeoplebegantolivethere.Thecitywasverydirtyandmanypeoplewerepoor.Thereweresomanythieveswhostolemoneyinthestreetsthatpeoplestayedintheirhousesasmuchaspossible.

In1749,HenryFieldingstartedtopayagroupofpeopleforstoppingthieves.Theywerelikepolicemenandwerecalled"BowStreetRunners"becausetheyworkednearBowStreet.

Fiftyyearslater,therewereabout120"BowStreetRunners",butLondonhadbecomeverybigandneededmorepolicemen.Soin1829,thefirstMetropolitan（orLondon）PoliceServicewasstartedwithabout3,000officers.Mostofthemenworkedonfoot,butafewrodehorses.Today,Londonpolicearequitewell—paidandforthefewpoliceofficerswhostillridehorses,thepayisevenhigherthanfortheothers.（1）In1700,themenwhoprotectedthestreetsinLondonwerepaid_______.A.

afew

B.

nothing

C.

alittle

D.

alot（2）About300yearsago,manypeople_______.A.

wantedtoleaveLondon

B.

hadbighousesinLondonC.

becamepolicemen

D.

cametoliveinLondon（3）Peopledidn'tleavetheirhousesbecause_______.A.

theyhadnomoney

B.

theywereafraidoflosingmoneyC.

thecitywasnotclean

D.

theylikedhomes（4）The"BowStreetRunners"_______.A.

stoppedpeoplefromstealing

B.

stolemoneyC.

paidpeopleforstealing

D.

stoppedpeopleridinghorses【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了伦敦警察的发展史，起初伦敦没有警察，但随着越来越多的人来到伦敦居住，小偷变得多了起来。Henry就花钱雇佣一些人来防止小偷，伦敦的警察就产生了。后来警察的数量越来越多了，报酬也越来越高了。（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句butin1700,Londonhadnopolicemenatall.Afewoldmenusedtoprotectthecitystreetsatnightandtheywerenotpaid.可知，在1700年，伦敦根本没有警察，少数的老人来保护城市的街道，而且题目没有报酬。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句About300yearsago,Londonwasstartingtogetbiggerandmoreandmorepeoplebegantolivethere.可知，在大约300年前，伦敦变得越来越大，越来越多的人来到伦敦居住。故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句Thereweresomanythieveswhostolemoneyinthestreetsthatpeoplestayedintheirhomesasmuchaspossible.可知，在300年前，伦敦的街道上有很多的小偷，所以人们都尽可能的呆在自己的家里。故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句In1750,HenryFieldingstartedtopayagroupofpeopletostopthieves.Theywerelikepolicemenandwerecalled“BowStreetRunners”becausetheyworkednearBowStreet.可知，在1750年，HenryFielding开始付钱请一些人来防止小偷。他们就像今天的警察一样，他们被叫做BowStreetRunners，因为他们在BowStreet这个街道附近工作。故这些人是来防止小偷的。故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。7．阅读理解

Asachild,AlainRobertwasafraidofheights.Oneday,whenhewas12,hereturnedhomefromschool.Hedidn'tfindhiskeys.Itwas3:30pmandhisparentsworkeduntil6：00pm.Alainlookedathisapartmentontheeighthfloor.Hesawanopenwindow.Heclosedhiseyesandimaginedhimselfclimbingthebuilding.Whenheopenedhiseyes,hetoldhimself,"Icandoit."Fifteenminuteslater,hewasinhishouseandhisfearofheightswasgone.

Today,Alainstillclimbsbuildings.In2003,heclimbedabuildinginLondondressedasSpiderman（蜘蛛人）toadvertisethemovie.In2004,heclimbedTaipei101（oneofthetallestbuildingsintheworld）.Toreachthetopofabuilding,Alainusesonlyhishandsandspecialshoes.

Alainclimbsasahobby.Healsodoesittomakemoneyforcharity（forpoorchildrenandthehomeless）.Whenheclimbs,hewantstosendamessagetopeople.Ifyouhaveadream,youmustbebraveandkeeptrying.Ifsomethingbadhappens,don'tgiveup.Closeyoureyesandtellyourself,"Icandoit."（1）Themainideaofthispassageisthat________.A.

climbingbuildingsiseasy

B.

AlainRobertisafraidofheightsC.

everyonecanclimbatallbuilding

D.

youcancontrolyourfears（2）WhenAlainclimbsabuilding,heuses

________.A.

hishandsandspecialshoes

B.

specialtoolsC.

hishandsonly

D.

hisspecialshoesonly（3）Theunderlinedword"charity"means"________".A.

享受

B.

休闲

C.

慈善

D.

消费（4）Alainclimbs________.A.

forfunandforhishealth

B.

forcharityandforhisjobC.

forhishealthandforcharity

D.

forcharityandforfun（5）Ifyoufeelafraidtodothings,what'sAlain'sadvice?________.A.

Practiceclimbingbuildings.

B.

Tellyourself"Icandoit."C.

Ifsomethingbadhappens,thenstop.

D.

Trytodosomethingelse.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）D（5）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：小时候，阿兰·罗伯特恐高。一天，他放学回家。他没有找到钥匙。他看到一扇开着的窗户。自己爬上了大楼。当他睁开眼睛时，他对自己说：“我能做到。”十五分钟后，他在自己的房子里，他的恐高症消失了。今天，阿兰还在爬建筑物。为了到达建筑物的顶部，阿兰只用他的手和特殊的鞋子。阿兰爬山是个爱好。他还为慈善事业（为贫困儿童和无家可归者）赚钱。如果你有一个梦想，你必须勇敢并不断尝试。如果有不好的事情发生，不要放弃。闭上眼睛，告诉自己，“我能做到。”（1）主旨大意题，根据Ifsomethingbadhappens,don'tgiveup.Closeyoureyesandtellyourself,"Icandoit."可知，当有不好的事情发生的时候，比这眼睛告诉自己能行，所以人们是能够控制自己的恐惧情绪的，故答案是D。（2）细节理解题，根据

Alainusesonlyhishandsandspecialshoes.可知，阿兰用手和特殊的鞋来攀爬建筑物，故答案是A。（3）词义猜测题，根据（forpoorchildrenandthehomeless）可知该单词的意思是“慈善”，故答案是C。（4）细节理解题，根据

Alainclimbsasahobby.Healsodoesittomakemoneyforcharity（forpoorchildrenandthehomeless）.可知阿兰的攀爬一是为了慈善也是为乐获得乐趣，故答案是D。（5）细节理解题，根据Ifsomethingbadhappens,don'tgiveup.Closeyoureyesandtellyourself,"Icandoit."可知，当你害怕做某事的时候，阿兰的建议是告诉自己“我能做到”，故答案是B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、主旨大意题和词义猜测题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。8．阅读下面短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Oneafternoon,onmywayhome,Isawacaraccident（事故）!

Iaskedpeopleforhelp,butnoonestopped.Whenthecardriverandhiswifesawthis,theyquicklyclosedthewindowofthecaranddroveaway."WhatshallIdo?Theoldmanneedshelp,"Ithought.

Atthattime,atruckstoppedandthedrivercameout."What'swrongwiththeoldman?WhatcanIdo?"thedriveraskedme."Sir,pleasehelptheoldman.Acarhithimandheisbadlyhurt!"Isaid."well,don'tworry.Letmetakehimtothehospitalfirst,"thedriversaid.

Afewminuteslater,thedrivertooktheoldmantothehospitalandIcalledthepolice.ItoldthewholestorytothepoliceandIalsotoldthemthenumberofthecar.Thepolicesaidtome,"Welldone,boy!Leaveittous,Wewillpunish（惩罚）them!"

WhenIgothome,itwas7:30.IthoughtIwasgreat.（1）Oneafternoon,acarhit________.A.

ayoungman

B.

aboy

C.

atruck

D.

anoldman（2）Whatdidthetruckdriverdo?A.

Hedroveawayquickly.B.

Hestoppedforawhileandthendroveaway.C.

Hetooktheoldmantothehospital.D.

Hecalledthepolice.（3）Whatdidthewriterthinkofhimself?A.

Verygood.

B.

Veryterrible.

C.

Verynervous.

D.

Verysurprised.（4）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.

Whenthecardriversawtheaccident,hequicklydroveawayB.

Afteralongtime,thecardrivertooktheoldmantothehospitalC.

Thewritertoldthewholestorytothepolice.D.

Thewritergothomeat7:30（5）Whatdoyouthinkofthewriter?A.

Heisabadperson.B.

Heisaniceperson.C.

Heisastrangeperson.D.

Heisahandsomeperson.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B（5）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文作者讲述了一场交通事故的情况。（1）细节题。根据pleasehelptheoldman.Acarhithimandheisbadlyhurt!可知一辆轿车撞着一位老人。故选D.（2）细节题。根据well,don'tworry.Letmetakehimtothehospitalfirst,"thedriversaid.可知卡车司机把老人带到医院。故选C。（3）细节题。根据IthoughtIwasgreat.可知，作者认为自己是棒的。故选A。（4）推断题。根据Whenthecardriverandhiswifesawthis,theyquicklyclosedthewindowofthecaranddroveaway.可知A正确；根据well,don'tworry.Letmetakehimtothehospitalfirst,"thetruckdriversaid.可知B错误；根据Itoldthewholestorytothepolice可知C正确；根据WhenIgothome,itwas7:30.可知D正确。故选B。（5）推断题。根据pleasehelptheoldman.Acarhithimandheisbadlyhurt!"Isaid.可知这个男孩是一个善良的人。故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推理判断题都是常考题型。细节题要注意细节从文中找答案；推理题是根据上下文，推断出所需要的信息。二、中考英语完形填空（含答案详细解析）9．阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

AfterschoolonFriday,IwaitedattheschoolgatelowalkhomewithJemma,asusual.ThenIsaw1

talkingandlaughinghappilywithsomeothergirls.Sheglanced（瞥了一眼）atmeandleftmealonethereIknewfightthenthatIhad2

mybestfriend.

Atdinner,Momasked."IsJemmacomingbytomorrow?"

Ishrugged（耸肩）andsaidnothing.

Thenextmorning.Momasked."Todayis3.WhatareyouandJemmagoingtodo?"Ishruggedagain."4

isJemma?"

Momtookalookatme.Themshesaid,"WillyoutakethesemagazinestoGrandma,please?"

5

Iwalkeddownthestreet,anewgirlintheneighborhoodcametowardsme,smiling.ButIjustwent6

her.

Grandmawelcomedmeatthedoorwithawarmhug.

Sittingonthesofa,Inoticeda（an）7

ofkidsinold-fashionedclothesonthetable.Grandmapointedatagirlwithshortfairhair.

"That'sBethLambert,"shesaid."Mybestfriend.Untilaweekbeforewetookthisphoto."Iwas8

atthat.

"BethandIwerebestfriendsinschool.Wedideverything9.Thenoneday,shemadenewfriendsandsaidshedidn'twanttohangoutwithmeanymore.Nothinghurt10

that."

Ididn'tsayanything.Icouldn't.IknewI'dstart11

ifIopenedmymouth.

Grandmahuggedmeagain."Simone,sometimesfriendsgrow12.Itmighthappentoanyone,"shecontinued."Then,seehim?"Grandma'sfinger13

toaboywithglassesinthephoto."Helivednearme.WhenIwaswalkinghomebymyself14

thisboywas,too,Isaid'hello'.Andwebecamefriends."

"So,ifwewanttostartanewfriendship,"shesmiled."One15

isallittook."

AsIwasheadinghome,thatnewgirlappearedagain.Iwenttowardsherandspoke,"Hello."1.A.itB.themC.herD.him2.A.lostB.hurtC.forgottenD.beaten3.A.MondayB.FridayC.SaturdayD.Sunday4.A.HowB.WhereC.WhichD.Who5.A.AsB.BeforeC.AfterD.Until6.A.toB.pastC.withD.against7.A.cardB.photoC.posterD.advertisement8.A.gladB.angryC.satisfiedD.surprised9.A.togetherB.outsideC.differentlyD.quickly10.A.lessthanB.becauseofC.morethanD.insteadof11.A.singingB.laughingC.shoutingD.crying12.A.oldB.separateC.strongD.close13.A.movedB.connectedC.returnedD.waved14.A.soB.butC.forD.and15.A.hugB.smileC.wordD.question【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）C；（4）A；（5）A；（6）B；（7）B；（8）D；（9）A；（10）C；（11）D；（12）B；（13）A；（14）D；（15）C；【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是自己最好的朋友离开自己，交了新朋友。我心里很不高兴。然后妈妈带着她去看姥姥，姥姥以她自己的经历告诉她每个人在成长的过程中都会失去朋友，但是我们在失去一个朋友后我们要去开始另一段新的友情。（1）代词辨析。句意：然后我看到他和其他一些女孩在谈话和大笑。it它；them他们；her她；him他，seesb.doingsth.看见某人在做某事，根据IwaitedattheschoolgatelowalkhomewithJemma,asusual.

此处指她的朋友Jemma，根据Sheglanced（瞥了一眼）atmeandleftmealonethere

可知Jemma是女孩，可知此处用her代替，故选C。（2）动词辨析。句意：直到那时我知道我失去了我最好的朋友。lost失去；hurt伤害；forgotten忘记；beaten打，根据Sheglanced（瞥了一眼）atmeandleftmealonethere

可知她独自让我留着那里，不再是我的好朋友了。可知是失去的意思，故选A。（3）名词辨析。句意：“今天是星期六。你打算和Jemma做什么呢？”Monday周一；Friday周五；Saturday周六；Sunday周日，根据AfterschoolonFriday,IwaitedattheschoolgatelowalkhomewithJemma,asusual.

可知第二天是星期六，故选C。（4）疑问词辨析。句意：Jemma怎么了？How如何；Where在哪里；Which哪个；Who谁，根据

Ishruggedagain."可知我只是耸耸肩不说话，所以母亲问Jemma怎么了，故选A。（5）连词辨析。句意：当我沿着街道走时，社区的一个新女孩朝我走来，微笑着。As当……时候；Before在……之前；After在……后；Until直到……为止，这句表达的是我正走着是女孩朝我走来，as引导从句表示两个动作同时发生，故选A。（6）介词辨析。句意：