《湿法冶金过程及设备培训》课件-课件：压滤机操作实践 Teaching Materials：Practice of filter press operation

压滤机操作实践

Practiceoffilterpressoperation课程导入

Courseguide压滤机的操作实践Practiceoffilterpressoperation压滤机操作实践

Practiceoffilterpressoperation林忠

LinZhong

主讲教师

Lecturer课程导入

Courseguide浸出溶液

Leachingsolution

滤液、(净化液)

Filtrate(purificationsolution)滤渣(杂质)

Filterresidue(impurity)固液分离

Solid-liquidseparation

使用设备：

压滤机

Equipmentused:Filterpress压滤机操作实践

Practiceoffilterpressoperation课程导入

CourseGuide压滤机操作实践

Practiceoffilterpressoperation核心价值：

Corevalues:Ensuretheclarityofpurificationsolution,providequalifiedrawmaterialsfortheelectrolysisprocess,andsimultaneouslyrecovervaluablemetalsfromfilterresidue.

保障净化液澄清度，为电解工序提供合格原料，同时回收滤渣中有价金属。萃取又称液液萃取，是指两个完全不互溶或部分互溶的液相接触后，一个液相中的溶质经过物理或化学作用另一个液相，或在两相中重新分配的过程。

Extraction,alsoknownasliquid-liquidextraction,referstotheprocessinwhich,aftertwocompletelyimmiscibleorpartiallymiscibleliquidphasescomeintocontactwitheachother,thesoluteinoneliquidphasetransferstotheotherliquidphaseunderphysicalorchemicalinteractions,orthesolutegetsredistributedinthetwophases.

核心：通过油压系统压紧滤板形成滤室，料浆在压力作用下通过滤布，液体透过滤布成为滤液，固体被截留为滤饼。

Core:Thefilterplateiscompressedbytheoilhydraulicsystemtoformafilterchamber.Theslurrypassesthroughthefilterclothunderthepressure,theliquidservesasthefiltratethroughthefiltercloth,andsolidsaretrappedtoformafiltercake.压滤机的作用原理与结构组成

Workingprincipleandstructuralcompositionoffilterpress辅助过程：通过洗涤（减少滤饼杂质）、压榨（降低滤饼含水率），以优化滤饼效果，提高滤渣回收质量。

Auxiliaryprocess:Throughwashing(reducingtheimpuritiesoffiltercake)andpressing(reducingthemoisturecontentoffiltercake)tooptimizefiltercakeeffectandtoimprovethefilterresiduerecoveryquality.压滤机的作用原理

Workingprincipleoffilterpress萃取又称液液萃取，是指两个完全不互溶或部分互溶的液相接触后，一个液相中的溶质经过物理或化学作用另一个液相，或在两相中重新分配的过程。

Extraction,alsoknownasliquid-liquidextraction,referstotheprocessinwhich,aftertwocompletelyimmiscibleorpartiallymiscibleliquidphasescomeintocontactwitheachother,thesoluteinoneliquidphasetransferstotheotherliquidphaseunderphysicalorchemicalinteractions,orthesolutegetsredistributedinthetwophases.

核心部件：滤板（承载滤布，无破损）、滤布（过滤介质，无折叠）、油压系统（提供压紧力）、进料泵（输送料浆）

Corecomponents:filterplate(usedtocarrythefiltercloth,itmustnotbedamaged),filtercloth(usedtofilterthemedium,itcannotbefolded),oilhydraulicsystem(usedtoprovidecompressionforce),and

feedpump(usedtoconveytheslurry)辅助部件：电控箱（操作控制）、管路阀门（介质流向控制）

Auxiliarycomponents:

electriccontrolbox(usedtocontroltheoperation),andpipelinevalve(usedtocontrolthemediumflowdirection)压滤机的结构组成

Structuralcompositionoffilterpress压滤机的作用原理与结构组成

Workingprincipleandstructuralcompositionoffilterpress检查电气、仪表是否完好

Checkwhethertheelectricalequipmentandinstrumentsareingoodcondition压滤机的完整操作流程

Completeoperatingprocessoffilterpress检查滤板数量是否足够，有无破损，滤板是否清洁，安放是否符合要求。

Checkwhetherthenumberoffilterplatesissufficientandwhethertheyaredamaged,whetherthefilterplatesareclean,andwhethertheplacementmeetstherequirements.压滤机的完整操作流程

Completeoperatingprocessoffilterpress检查滤布是否折叠，有无破损，过滤性能是否良好。

Checkwhetherthefilterclothisfoldedanddamaged,andwhetherthefiltrationperformanceisgood.检查各需润滑、冷却设备是否符合开车要求。检查各处联接是否紧密，有无泄漏。检查压滤机油压是否足够，油位、油质是否符合要求。

Checkwhethertheequipmentinneedofbeinglubricatedandcoolingmeetsthestart-uprequirements.Checkwhethertheconnectionsaretightandwhethertherearenoleaks.Checkwhethertheoilpressureofthefilterpressissufficient,andwhethertheoillevelandoilqualitymeettherequirements.远离压滤机两侧

Stayawayfrombothsidesoffilterpress

开压或卸压时，人员远离压滤机两侧，防止喷液伤人，喷液时立即用备用滤布遮盖。

Whenapplyingorreleasingthepressure,personnelshallstayawayfrombothsidesofthefilterpresstopreventpeoplefrombeinghurtbysprayingliquid.Thesparefilterclothshallbeusedforcoveringimmediatelywhensprayingliquid.禁止伸手入滤板间

Donotputyourhandbetweenthefilterplates

滤板压紧过程中，严禁将手伸入滤板之间，防止夹伤。

Whenthefilterplatesarepressedtightly,itisstrictlyforbiddentoputyourhandbetweenthefilterplatestopreventbeingpinched.清理设备

Cleanuptheequipment

卸渣时需清洗滤板、滤框，清理进料孔，防止堵塞导致压力差损坏滤板。

Whenunloadingslags,itisnecessarytocleanthefilterplateandfilterframe,andtocleanthefeedopeningtopreventthepressuredifferencefromdamagingthefilterplateduetoblockage.断电挂警示牌

Hangawarningsignwhenpoweriscutoff

处理故障时必须切断电源，挂“有人工作，严禁合闸”警示牌，确保安全。

Whendealingwithfaults,thepowersupplymustbecutoff.Awarningsignof"ClosingisForbiddenWhenSomeoneIsWorking"shallbehungtoensuresafety.安全注意事项

Safetyprecautions

压滤机操作实践

Practiceoffilterpressoperation12操作禁忌

Operationcontraindications

禁止使用破损设备

Prohibitionofdamagedequipment禁止使用破损滤布或滤板，避免过滤失效，影响净化效果。

Itisforbiddentousedamagedfilterclothorfilterplatetoavoidfiltrationfailure,whichwillaffectthepurificationeffect.严格按规定压力操作

Operationinstrictaccordancewiththespecifiedpressure不得超负荷加压，严格按规定压力操作（如过滤压力0.8-1.0MPa，压榨压力1.2-1.5MPa），防止设备损坏。

Pressurizationisforbiddenatanexcessload.Operationisrequiredstrictlyaccordingtotheprescribedpressure(suchasfiltrationpressureof0.8-1.0MPa,andpressingpressureof1.2-1.5MPa)topreventequipmentdamage.压滤机操作实践

Practiceoffilterpressoperation问题

Questions原因分析

Causeanalysis处理方法

Handlingmethod滤液跑浑

Thefiltratebecomesmuddy滤布破损/滤板错位

Thefilterclothisdamagedorthefilterplateismisaligned停机更换滤布/调整滤板

Stopthemachineandreplacethefiltercloth/adjustthefilterplate进料孔堵塞

Thefeedopeningisblocked滤渣残留

Filterresiduesareleftover停机用工具清理孔道

Stopthemachineandcleantheductwithatool油压异常下降

Theoilpressuredropsabnormally漏油/泵故障

Oilleaks/thepumpfails检查管路密封/检修油泵

Checkthepipelineseal/overhaultheoilpump常见问题处理

Handlingofcommondefects小问题不处理，可能变成大事故，发现异常立即停机！Minorproblemsthatarenothandledintimemayturnintomajoraccidents,shutdowntheequipmentimmedi