《湿法冶金过程及设备培训》课件-浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess课程导入

Courseguide浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess浓缩池

Concentrationtank课程导入

Courseguide浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess上清液区

Supernatantzone

上清液澄清区

Supernatantclarificationzone

混合澄清区

Mixedclarificationzone

浓泥澄清区

Thickenedmud‌clarificationzone

浓泥区

Thickenedmud‌area

给料

Feeding温流

Temperatureflow底流

Underflow课程导入

Courseguide浓缩的具体过程是怎样的？Whatisthespecificprocessofconcentration?影响浓缩过程的因素有哪些？Whatarethefactorsthataffecttheconcentrationprocess?浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess混合液分离

Mixedliquidseparation物理化学处理

Physicochemicaltreatment

凝聚剂

Coagulant

絮凝剂

Flocculant

未絮凝颗粒凝聚转入浓密的底流

Unflocculatedparticlesagglomerateintodenseunderflow

澄清的溢流

Clarifiedoverflow

氯化铝絮凝剂

Aluminumchlorideflocculant浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess混合液分离

Mixedliquidseparation工程操作

EngineeringOperations

选用合适的液固分离方法

Choosetheappropriateliquid-solidseparationmethod

减少浓泥水分

Reducethemoisturecontentofthickenedmud‌

体积尽量大的上清液

Supernatantwiththelargestvolumepossible

浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess上清液区

Supernatantzone上清液澄清区

Supernatantclarificationzone混合澄清区

Mixedclarificationzone浓泥澄清区

Thickenedmud‌clarificationzone浓泥区

Thickenedmud‌area给料

Feeding温流

Temperatureflow底流

Underflow浓缩槽

Concentrationtank

混合液分离

Mixedliquidseparation浓泥尽量少

Aslittlethickenedmud‌aspossible

浓泥区保持在最低高度

Keepthethickenedmud‌areaatthelowestheight

获得尽量多、澄清良好的上清液

Obtainasmuchsupernatantaspossiblewithgoodclarity

浓缩的最终目

Theultimatepurposeofconcentration混合液分离

Mixedliquidseparation浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess

固体颗粒受重力作用而自然沉降，将其从流体中分离出来的操作称为重力沉降。Solidparticlesnaturallysettleunder

theactionofgravity,andtheoperationofseparatingthemfromthefluidiscalledgravitysedimentation.浓缩池

Concentrationtank沉降

Sedimentation浓缩沉降原理

Principleofconcentrationandsedimentation自由沉降

Freesettlement干涉沉降

Interferencesettlement概念

Concept浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess颗粒在沉降过程中不受其它颗粒的影响和干扰，流体中固体含量很少。Theparticlesarenotaffectedanddisturbedbyotherparticlesduringthesettlingprocess,andthesolidcontentinthefluidisverysmall.颗粒在沉降过程中往往要受到周围颗粒的影响。Particlesareoftenaffectedbysurroundingparticlesduringthesettlingprocess.沉降

Sedimentation浓缩沉降原理

Principleofconcentrationandsedimentation自由沉降

Freesettlement干涉沉降

Interferencesettlement

利用液、固体密度的不同，使矿浆中固体粒子在重力作用下从溶液介质中沉淀而使溶液得到澄清的过程。Usingthedifferenceofliquidandsoliddensity,thesolidparticlesintheslurryprecipitatefromthesolutionmediumundertheactionofgravitytoclarifythesolution.浓缩池

Concentrationtank浓缩

Concentration概念

Concept浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess浓缩沉降原理

Principleofconcentrationandsedimentation浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess浓缩沉降原理

Principleofconcentrationandsedimentation浓缩后的固相仍然是一种液固比为(2~4):1的浓泥，而有的上清溶液也含有少量的悬浮物。Theconcentratedsolidphaseisstillathickenedmud‌withaliquid-solidratioof(2-4):1,andsomesupernatantsolutionsalsocontainasmallamountofsuspendedsolids.浓缩

Concentration浓缩是使矿浆进行液固分离的初步作业

Thickeningisthepreliminaryoperationtocauseliquid-solidseparationintheslurry浓缩沉降原理

Principleofconcentrationandsedimentation浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess浓密机

Thickener分离悬浮液的重力沉降设备。Gravitysettlingequipmentforseparatingsuspensions.沉降槽/浓密机

Settlingtank/thickener分离气相中悬浮固体颗粒的重力沉降设备。Gravitysettlingequipmentforseparatingsuspendedsolidparticlesinthegasphase.沉降室/降尘室

Settlingchamber/dustreductionchamber浓缩沉降原理

Principleofconcentrationandsedimentation浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess浓密机

Thickener沉降槽

Settlingtank

沉降室

Settlingchamber

用重力完成沉降操作

Completethesettlingoperationbygravity预处理设备/初级分离设备

Pretreatmentequipment/primaryseparationequipment

沉降速度

Settlingvelocity分离效率

Separationefficiency浓缩沉降原理

Principleofconcentrationandsedimentation浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess完全利用沉降过程来提高浓泥浓度，并得到澄清液的工业设备（可用于浸出液的处理）Industrialequipmentthatcompletelyusesthesedimentationprocesstoincreasetheconcentrationofthickenedmudandobtainclarifyingliquid(whichcanbeusedforthetreatmentofleachingliquid).浓密机

Thickener浓缩槽/浓密机

Concentrationtank/thickener喂料管

Feedingtube絮凝剂管Flocculanttube驱动装置Driveunit溢流槽Overflowtank耙架Rakeframe进料仓Feedbin传动轴Transmissionshaft浓缩沉降原理

Principleofconcentrationandsedimentation浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess中心传动浓缩槽

Centraldriveconcentrationtank周边传动浓缩槽

Peripheraldriveconcentrationtank浓密机类型

Typeofthickeners按传动方式

Bytransmissionmode浓缩沉降原理

Principleofconcentrationandsedimentation浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess锥底浓缩槽

Conebottomconcentrationtank斜底浓缩槽

Inclinedbottomconcentrationtank按槽的形状

Bytheshapeofthegroove浓密机类型

Typeofthickeners浓缩沉降原理

Principleofconcentrationandsedimentation浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess影响浓缩过程的因素都有哪些

Whatarethefactorsthataffecttheconcentrationprocess?浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess影响浓缩过程的因素

Factorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess颗粒性质

Particleproperties絮凝剂

Flocculant混合液的密度差

Densitydifferenceofmixture

液固比

Liquid-solidratio

溶液性质

Solutionproperties

矿浆温度

Slurrytemperature

矿浆的流量

Flowrateofslurry

浓缩槽内固体物数量

Numberofsolids

insidetheconcentrationtank

浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess大颗粒的粒子比小颗粒的粒子沉降速度大。Particlesoflargeparticleshaveagreatersettlingspeedthanthoseofsmallparticles.球形或近似球形的颗粒或颗粒聚集体，比相同重量的非球形（片状或针状）颗粒沉降速度大得多。Sphericalorapproximatelysphericalparticlesoraggregatesofparticlessettleatamuchgreaterratethannon-spherical(flakyorneedle-like)particlesofthesameweight.颗粒性质和絮凝剂

Particlepropertiesandflocculants颗粒性质

Particleproperties影响浓缩过程的因素

Factorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess可将粒度不同、形状不规则的颗粒，变成能够大大改善悬浮液沉降性能的球形聚集体。2Particleswithdifferentparticlesizesandirregularshapescanbeturnedintosphericalaggregatesthatcangreatlyimprovethesedimentationperformanceofsuspensions.聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂

Polyacrylamideflocculant颗粒性质和絮凝剂

Particlepropertiesandflocculants影响浓缩过程的因素

Factorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess絮凝剂

Flocculant浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess絮团大小（在某种程度上还有其形状）Flocsize(andtosomeextentitsshape)絮凝剂类型

Typeofflocculant

絮凝程度

Degreeofflocculation

絮团沉降速度

Flocsettlingvelocity

颗粒性质和絮凝剂

Particlepropertiesandflocculants影响浓缩过程的因素

Factorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess絮凝剂吸附和分散的程度

Degreeofflocculantadsorptionanddispersion

浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess影响浓缩过程的因素

Factorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess冶金生产

Metallurgicalproduction动物胶

Animalglue铝盐无机高分子絮凝剂

Aluminumsaltinorganicpolymerflocculant铝盐无机阳离子絮凝剂

Aluminumsaltinorganiccationicflocculant人工合成的阳离子型有机高分子

Artificiallysynthesizedcationicorganicpolymer颗粒性质和絮凝剂

Particlepropertiesandflocculants影响浓缩过程的因素

Factorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess澄清越快、越彻底

Acceleratedclarification,flawlesslyclarified混合液的密度差和液固比

Densitydifferenceandliquid-solidratioofmixedliquid密度差

Densitydifference液固比

Liquid-solidratio越大

Thebigger影响浓缩过程的因素

Factorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess造成澄清困难

Causesdifficultyinclarification浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess技术条件

TechnicalConditions

絮凝剂

Flocculant

澄清性质

Clarifyingnature

溶液性质

Solutionproperties影响浓缩过程的因素

Factorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess溶液胶体含量高

Highcolloidcontentofsolution实际生产

ActualproductionTip

矿浆酸度会影响澄清分离效果，不同的酸度会得到不同澄清效果的沉淀物Theacidityofslurrywillaffecttheclarificationandseparationeffect,anddifferentaciditywillleadtoprecipitateswithdifferentclarificationeffects.氧化锌烟尘酸性浸出时矿浆的pH值小于2，矿浆有良好的澄清效果，溶液中的硅酸以真溶液状态存在。ThepHvalueoftheslurryislessthan2duringacidicleachingofzincoxidesmoke,andtheslurryhasgoodclarificationeffect.Thesilicicacidinthesolutionexistsinthestateoftruesolution.在锌焙砂中性浸出时的矿浆和空气氧化除铁矿浆的pH值一般控制为5.2~5.6，在此pH值条件下最有利于细粒胶状物（如氢氧化铁或硅酸）凝聚成大颗粒。ThepHvalueofslurryandairoxidationironremovalslurryduringneutralleachingofzinccalcineisgenerallycontrolledtobe5.2-5.6,andthispHvalueismostfavorableforfinecolloids(suchasironhydroxideorsilicicacid)toagglomerateintolargeparticles.氧化锌烟

尘Zincoxidesmoke

.溶液性质

Solutionproperties影响浓缩过程的因素

Factorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess加速矿浆颗粒运动

Accelerateslurryparticlemotion

降低矿浆黏度

Reduceslurryviscosity

矿浆澄清分离

Slurryclarificationandseparation

温度仪

Thermometer矿浆温度

Slurrytemperature影响浓缩过程的因素

Factorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess矿浆温度高

Highslurrytemperature

提高温度要考虑成本和溶剂的沸点，一般控制在40～50℃范围内。Whenincreasingthetemperature,thecostandtheboilingpointofthesolventshouldbeconsidered,whichisgenerallycontrolledwithintherangeof40-50°C.浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess澄清区降低

Clarificationzonereduction

影响沉降过程

Influencethesettlementprocess

定期排浓泥

Regulardischargeofthickenedmud

浓缩槽内固体物数量

Numberofsolidsinconcentrationtank影响浓缩过程的因素

Factorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess槽内固体物料过多

Toomuchsolidmaterialintank

严重时

Inseverecases扒渣耙突然停车、扭断

Heavy-dutyslagharrow‌Suddenstop,twist浓缩过程及影响浓缩过程的因素

Concentrationprocessandfactorsaffectingtheconcentrationprocess矿浆进入浓缩槽的流量对间断进液浓缩最为重要。流量过大或忽大忽小，会造成上清区混浊甚至无上清区。

Theflowrateofpulpenteringtheconcentrationtankisthemostimportantforintermittentliquidfeedandconcentration.‌Excessiveorfluctuatingflowratescauseturbidityinthesupernatantareaandmayevenresultinitscompletedisappearance.‌上清液区

Supernatantzone上清液澄清区

SupernatantClarificationzone混合澄清区

Mixedclarificationarea浓泥澄清区

Thickenedmud‌Clarificationzone浓泥区

Thickenedmud‌area给料

Feeding温流

Temperatureflow底流

Underflow上清区高度

Heightof