新一代大学英语（第二版）综合教程4（智慧版）课件 B4U2 the way to leadership

外语教学与研究出版社江南大学UNIT2CONTENTS1Scenario2LearningobjectivesUNIT2Asasocialbeing,onesometimesneedstoassumetheresponsibilityofaleader.Inanerawherecooperationiskeytosuccess,leadershipplaysanincreasinglyimportantrole.Agoodleadercannotonlysetcleargoalsbutalsofostercollaboration,ensuringthatallteammembersworktogetherseamlesslytoachievethosegoals.Nextmonth,theEnglishAssociationofyouruniversitywillelectnewboardmembersatitsannualmeeting.Youarerunningforthepositionofpresident.Duringtheelectionprocess,youwillneedtomakeacandidatespeechexplainingwhyyouarequalifiedfortheposition.Whatqualitiesdoyouthinkthispositionrequires,andwhichofthesequalitiesdoyoupossess?Howareyougoingtopersuadetheaudiencethatyouarethebestcandidate?Youwillbeabletocompletethetaskafterstudyingthisunit.ScenarioLearningobjectivesUponcompletionofthisunit,youwillbeableto:

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talkaboutleadershipusingnewvocabulary

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identifythefunctionofrhetoricalquestionsinreading

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explainthepowerofyoungleadersinglobaldevelopment•

justifytheessentialleadershipqualitiesthatyoungpeopleshoulddevelop

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makeacandidatespeechtorunforthepositionofpresidentofanassociationUNIT2外语教学与研究出版社江南大学UNIT2MakingacandidatespeechWhyamIqualifiedfortheposition?Aswehavelearnedinthisunit,steppingoutofourcomfortzoneanddevelopingleadershiptraitsarekeystepstowardpersonalgrowthandsuccessasagoodleader.

AsmentionedinScenario,youarerunningforthepositionofpresidentoftheEnglishAssociationatyouruniversity,andyouaregoingtodeliveracandidatespeechfortheposition.Toprepare,considerthequalitiesapresidentoftheEnglishAssociationshouldpossess.Then,reflectonyourownstrengths:WhattraitsdoIhave?HowcanIhighlighttheminmyspeech?Afterthat,youcanstarttoplanyourspeech.Thefollowingstepsmayhelpyouwiththeproject.

UNIT2STEP1PreparethecontentThinkaboutthequalitiesthatmakeyouqualifiedfortheposition,suchasstrongcommunicationskillsandconfidence.Youcanrefertothetwotextsforinspiration.Additionally,consideryourleadershipexperiencesthatdemonstratethesequalitiesinaction.UNIT2STEP2OutlineyourspeechTopresentyourqualificationsandleadershipexperienceseffectively,itisimportanttoorganizeyourthoughtsclearlyandinastructuredway.Youcanrefertothefollowingstructuretooutlineyourspeech:OutlineIntroduction:

ThesisstatementBody:Quality1andsupportingdetailsQuality2andsupportingdetailsQuality3andsupportingdetailsConclusion:RestatementUNIT2STEP3WriteadraftofyourspeechAfterdevelopingyouroutline,itistimetobegindraftingyourspeech.Rememberthatyoucanuserhetoricalquestionstoemphasizeyourideas.Keepinmindthefollowingguidelinesintheprocessofwriting.Introduction:•Startwithastrongopeningtocapturetheaudience’sattention.•Provideenoughbackgroundinformationorcontext.•Includeathesisstatementtoexpressyourmainargument.UNIT2STEP3Body:•Begineachparagraphwithatopicsentence.•Providespecificevidencefromyourexperiencestosupportthetopicsentence.•Providespecificevidencefromyourexperiencestosupportthetopicsentence.•Concludeeachbodyparagraphbysummarizingthemainpointandlinkingitbacktoyourthesisstatement.Conclusion:•Restateyourthesisstatement.•Endwithamemorableclosingstatement.UNIT2STEP4RehearseandgiveyourspeechMemorizeyourdraftandrehearseyourspeech.Youmayusethechecklisttohelpmakeyourspeechbetter.Then,presentittoyourclassmatesandaskthemforadvice.UNIT2OKNeedimprovement1Theopeningofmyspeechisengaging.2Thebodyofmyspeechislogicallydeveloped.3Thedescriptionofmyqualitiesisdetailedandvivid.4Ihaveusedrhetoricalquestionsinmyspeechtoprovokethought.5Theendingofmyspeecheffectivelyhighlightsmyqualifications.6Thelanguageofmyspeechisclearandconcise.ChecklistUNIT2Goodmorning,dearmembersoftheEnglishAssociation.Leadershipisnotaboutbeingincharge.Leadershipisabouttakingcareofthoseinyourcharge.”Thisquotebyaleadershipexpertperfectlycapturesmyphilosophy.Today,IstandbeforeyounotjustasacandidateforPresident,butassomeonedeeplycommittedtoourcollectivemission.Inanerawherecollaborationdrivesachievement,ourassociationneedsaleaderwithvision,empathy,andresilience.IbelieveIpossessthesequalities,andI’mreadytoleadustowardanexcitingfuture.UNIT2Tobeginwith,apresidentmusthaveaclearvision.Astheeventcoordinatorlastyear,Irecognizedtheneedtobridgeculturalgaps.Ispearheadedthe“GlobalVoicesFair,”invitinginternationalstudentstosharestoriesandtraditions.Attendancetripled,fosteringconnectionsthatwentbeyondlanguage.Thisexperiencetaughtmehowtoalignstrategywithmemberinterests–avisionI’llexpandbyintroducingthemedworkshopsandinter-universitycollaborations.UNIT2Apartfromvision,aleadermustuniteteams.WhentheassociationplannedapoetryslamwiththeDebateClub,conflictingideasthreatenedprogress.Imediateddiscussions,ensuringeveryvoicewasheard.Weblendedelementsofspokenwordpoetryandstructureddebatestocreateaone-of-a-kindeventthatwasahugesuccessandsoldout.AsPresident,I’llprioritizeopendialogue,leveragingdiverseperspectivestodriveinnovation.Mydoorwillalwaysbeopenbecausecollaborationthrivesontrust.UNIT2Finally,dedicationturnschallengesintotriumphs.Lastyear,akeynotespeakercanceledjusthoursbeforeanevent.Iralliedtheteam,reworkedtheagenda,andhostedanimprovstorytellingnightthatbecameabelovedtradition.Fortwoyears,I’vementorednewcomersthroughourBuddyProgram,becauseinvestinginpeopleisattheheartofleadership.AsPresident,I’llintroducefeedbackloopsandskill-buildingsessionstoensurenomemberfeelsoverlooked.UNIT2Mydearfellowstudents,leadership,tome,isaboutservice–listening,adapting,andinspiring.Myvision,collaborativespirit,andceaselessdedicationmakemetheidealcandidate.Voteforme,andwecantransformtheEnglishAssociationintoahubofcreativityandinclusion.Votenotjustforme,butforthefuturethatwe’llbuildasateam.Thankyou.外语教学与研究出版社江南大学UNIT2CONTENTS1Viewing2Reading3Sharpeningyourskills4Buildingyourlanguage5TalkingaboutChinaUNIT2ViewingHaveyoueverfeltuncomfortableinyourstudiesoratwork,thinkingthatyouarejustnotcompetentenough?Isitsomethingreallyserious,orjustnobigdeal?Watchavideoclipandlearnmoreaboutthiskindofchallenge.UNIT2ViewingMatchtheexpressionswiththeirmeaningsaccordingtothespeakers.

1a.Youknowyouhaveaskill,andyoustillneedtoworkonit.b.Youknowyoudon’thaveaskillthatyoushouldhave,andyoudon’tknowwheretogetit.c.Youdon’trealizeyouhaveaskill,andthatskillbecomesanaturalpartofyourabilities.d.Youdon’tknowyoudon’thaveacertainskill.e.Youfeeluncomfortable,nervous,oranxiousdespiteallyoureffortsandaccomplishmentsatworkorinyourstudies.1Impostorsyndrome2Beingunconsciouslyunskilled3Beingconsciouslyunskilled4Beingconsciouslyskilled5BeingunconsciouslyskilledecabdUNIT2ViewingAccordingtothevideo,impostorsyndromeiscommon,andalmosteveryonemayhaveexperiencedit.TheConsciousCompetenceLadderdescribesthefourstagesoflearninganewskill.WorkinpairsanddiscusshowtheConsciousCompetenceLaddercanhelpapersonovercomeimpostorsyndrome.TheConsciousCompetenceLadderprovidesastructuredframeworktohelpindividualsovercomeimpostorsyndromebyreframingself-doubtasanaturalpartofthelearningjourney.Thefirststage,unconsciousincompetence,highlightsthatfeelingsofuneasestemfromunfamiliarity,notinadequacy.Inthesecondstage,consciousincompetence,identifyingspecificskillgaps,transformsvagueself-doubtintoactionablelearninggoals.Thethirdstage,consciouscompetence,demonstratesthatconsistenteffortleadstotangibleprogress,2UNIT2Viewingreinforcingtheideathatgrowthisauthentic,notfraudulent.Finally,inunconsciouscompetence,masterybecomessecondnature,andteachingtheskilltootherssolidifiesexpertisewhilepreventingregression.Byviewingimpostorfeelingsastemporaryandtiedtothelearningprocess,theladderempowersindividualstoembracegrowthwithconfidence.UNIT2ViewingAlex:Nealey,haveyoueverfelt,youknow,insecureorhesitantatwork?Nealey:MoretimesthanIcancount.Alex:Exactly.Same!Andyou’renotalone.Imean,somanypeople,ateverysinglelevelofsuccess,experiencewhattheycall“impostorsyndrome,”anditactuallyaffectsmenandwomenequally.Nealey:Sowhydon’tyoutellusallalittlebitaboutwhatimpostorsyndromeis?Alex:Soimpostorsyndromeiswheneveryoufeelreallyuncomfortable,nervous,oranxious,eventhoughyou’veputinalotofworkandefforttogetwhereyou’regoing,andyoufeellike,atanymoment,peoplearegonnafindout,ScriptUNIT2Viewingyouknow,thatyou’resomebigphony.Andwhileitmaynotfeellikeitinthemoment,alittlebitofdiscomfortcanactuallygoareallylongwayintermsofyourpersonaldevelopment.Nealey:Yeah.I’ll,I’llbethefirsttoadmitthatI’veput,try(tried)toputmyselfinthoseuncomfortablesituations,andthey,it’s,itdoesn’tfeelgoodatfirst,butlookingbackonit,I’msuperhappyIdidbecauseitgivesyouandmetheopportunitiesthatwehavetoday.

ScriptUNIT2ViewingAlex:That’swhereallthegrowthhappens.Sointhe1970s,NoelBurchdevelopedtheConsciousCompetenceLadder.It’sagreatwaythathelp(helps)usprocesstheemotionsandwhatyou’refeelingduringthatdifficultgrowthprocess.Nealey:Allright,Alex,sowhatisthatfirststageoflearning?Alex:Sothefirstleveliswhenyou’reunconsciouslyunskilled.Sowedon’tknowthatwedon’thaveacertainskill,right?You’reblissfullyignorant.Youknow,you’reperfectlyfine.Youdon’trealizethatyoudon’thavethat.Nealey:Allright,soIthinkIknowthenextone.It’s“consciouslyunskilled,”right?

ScriptUNIT2ViewingAlex:Exactly.Sothisiswhenweknowwedon’thaveacertainskillthatweprobablyshould.Sothiscanbeareallydemoralizingtime.Youknow,it’seasytoloseconfidencewheneveryoufeellikeotherpeoplehavethisskill,youdon’t,andyoureallyneedthatskill.Nealey:Right.Youdon’treallyknowwheretogetthatskill,too.Alex:Mm-hmm.Soit’sreallyimportanttostayconfidentandpositiveduringthisstage.Thenextstepiswhenyou’reconsciouslyskilled.Nealey:I’msensingabitofatrendhere.Alex:Yeah,exactly.It’seasytogowith(it),right?Butthisiswheneveryouhaveaskill,butyoustillhavetoreallyconcentrateonit.Right?

ScriptUNIT2ViewingNealey:Right.Youknowyougotit.Youknowyoucanflauntit.Butyouneedtomakesurethatyoustillworkforit.Alex:Mm-hmm.Soyoucanthinkofthislevelas,youknow,atoddlerlearninghowtowalk,right?Attheverybeginning,(it)takesalotofconcentration.It’sdifficulttodo.Youneedalotofpractice.Butthatleadsusintoournextstep,whichiswhenyou’reunconsciouslyskilled.Andatthatpoint,you’rewalkingeveryday,andit’snothing.Andagoodwaytomaintainthislevelofskillistoactuallyteachothers.Nealey:Yeah.Themoreyouteachit,themoreitstaystopofmindinyourbrain.Youstarttodevelopareal,deepunderstandingfor(of)thatskillset.

ScriptUNIT2ViewingAlex:Butit’simportanttoremembertokeepbrushingupontheseskills‘causeyoucanalwaysfallbackdownthatCompetenceLadder.That’swhyfeelinguncomfortableissomethingyoushouldembrace.Beinginthesenew,youknow,uncomfortablesituationsactuallytriggerssomethinginyourbraintoreleasedopamine.Nealey:Yeah,andalwaysremember,youarenotalone.Everyonegoesthrough,atsomepointinlife,thatfeelingofjustbeinguncomfortable.Knowthatyou’renotalone.Youknowthatyou’renotalone.

ScriptUNIT2StructureTextreadingTextunderstandingReadingVocabularyUNIT2ReadingStructureWhatarethebenefitsofsteppingoutofone’scomfortzone?Howcanonebreakfreefromtheircomfortzone?Readthetextandfillintheblanksbyanalyzingthestructure.Para.1:Thenecessityofrisk-takingforsuccessAccordingtothepassage,onlythosewhoarewillingtotakerisks,stepoutofcomfortzoneandfacethediscomfortof1)_____________willgainmaximalrewards.(Para.1)uncertaintyUNIT2ReadingStructureParas.2-4:Personalexperienceandexamplesofrisk-takingTheauthor’smovetothecityforcollegewasboth2)___________andexciting.(Para.2)Thecommonthreadamongsuccessfulleaderswastheirwillingnesstoembrace3)_________andriskdiscomfort.(Para.3)Thefemaleleaderinthemale-dominatedindustryneverletfearorsetbacks4)_______herfromsteppingbeyondcomfortzone.(Para.4)Para.5:Keyquestionstoreflecton“steppingoutofcomfortzone”6reflectivequestionsarelistedtohelppeople5)_________whetherfearoffailureorlosingfacestopsthemfrommovingforward.(Para.5)terrifyingchangestopassessUNIT2ReadingStructureParas.6-7:Relationshipbetweenrisk-taking,mistakesandfutureaspirationsTakingrisksdoesn’t6)___________success,butonlybymakingmistakesandtryingnewthingscanpeopleaccomplishmore.(Para.6)Apsychologistpointedoutthatit’snotfailuresbuthowwe7)__________themtoourselvesthatdeterminesfuturesuccess.(Para.7)Paras.9-10:Reflectionsandfuture-orientedadvicePeoplewhoachieve8)_______________successin10yearswon’tstayincomfortzone.(Para.9)Givingupthe9)___________oftheknownandsteppingoutofourcomfortzonearekeytosuccessinbothworkandlife.(Para.10)guaranteeexplainextraordinaryfamiliarityUNIT2ReadingGettingcomfortablewithdiscomfortiscrucialtosucessTextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingInanincreasinglycompetitive,cautious,andacceleratedworld,thosewhoarewillingtotakerisksandstepoutoftheircomfort

zoneandintothediscomfortofuncertaintywillbethosewhowillreapthemaximalrewards.1TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingWhenIfirstleftmyparents’smallfarmat18tomoveto“thecity”forcollege,Iwaspartterrified,partexcited,andcompletelyoutsidemycomfortzone.AsIfoundthen,andhavefoundcountlesstimesintheyearssince,noworthwhileaspirationscanbeaccomplishedfromwithinourcomfortzone.Onlybygivingupthesecurityoftheknowncanwecreatenewopportunity,buildcapability,andgrowinfluence.Aswedo,weexpandtheperimeterofourcouragezoneandenhanceourconfidencetotakeonbiggerchallengesinthefuture.2TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingIt’salessonthatwasreinforcedinmyinterviewswithaccomplishedleadersacrossadiverserangeoffieldswhileIdidresearchformylatestbook.Whileeachhadforgedtheirownpathtosuccess–eitherupanorganizationalladderorasanentrepreneur–thecommonthreadofwisdomtheyallsharedwasthatintoday’scompetitiveandfast-changingworkplace,wecanneverhopetoachievesuccessunlesswe’rewillingtoembracechangeandriskthediscomfortoffailure.Inshort,wemustbewillingtogetcomfortablewiththediscomfortinvolvedwithtakingrisks.3TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingOneofthoseleadersIinterviewedworkedherwayupinthemale-dominatedaerospaceindustryfromanadministrative

assistantroletoadeputydirector.Likesomanyothersuccessfulpeople,shehasalwaysbeendrivenmorebywhatinspiresherthanwhatscaresher.She’salwaysbeenwillingtochallengeassumptionsandpushtheboundariesofpossibility.She’sneverletherfearofnothavingwhatittakeskeepherfromsteppingbeyondtheconfinesofhercomfortzoneandexpandingherconfidencetotakerisks,trynewthings,speakup,andactwiththecouragethathasbeenahallmarkofherleadershipatherorganization.Whileit’seasytoassumethatsheiscoveredwithpsychologicalTeflon,therealityisthatalongherroadtosuccess,sheexperiencednumeroussetbacks,alongwithherfairshareofcriticism.Shejusthasn’tletherfearofitholdherback.4TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingThroughoutourcareers,wemustcontinuallyassesswhetherwearelettingourfearoffailureorlosingfacekeepusfromtakingtheactionsandengagingintheconversationsthatwillmoveusforwardandmaketheimpactwewant.Againandagain,wehavetodecide:•DoIkeepdoingwhat’salwaysbeendone,orchallengeoldassumptionsandtrynewapproachestoproblems?•DoIproactivelyseeknewchallengesorjustmanagethoseIalreadyhave?•DoIriskbeingexposedandvulnerable,oracttoprotectmyprideandpatchofpower?•DoIaskforwhatIreallywant,orjustforwhatIthinkotherswanttogiveme?5TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReading•DoI“tootmyhorn”toensureothersknowwhatI’mcapableof,orjusthopemyeffortswillbenoticed?•DoIspeakmymindorbitemylip,lestIrufflemyfeathersorsubjectmyselftocriticism?TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingOfcourse,beingwillingtotakeariskdoesn’tmeaneverythingyoutrywillworkout.Butaseverysuccessfulpersonwilltellyou,it’sonlybybeingwillingtomakemistakesandtrysomethingnewthatyoucaneveraccomplishmorethanwhat’sbeendonebefore.Assomeoneoncesaid,“Nothingworthwhilehaseverbeenaccomplishedwithaguaranteeofsuccess.”Nothingeverwillbe.6TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingToooften,weletourmistakesandsetbacksdefineus.Yet,asapsychologistoncesaid,“It’snotourfailuresthatdetermineourfuturesuccess,buthowweexplainthemtoourselves.”Likewise,ifyouknewthatnomatterwhathappened,youcouldhandleit,whatactionswouldyoutakethatyouaren’ttakingnow?Whatconversationswouldyouengageinthatyou’vebeenputtingoff?Wherewouldyoustepoutontothecenterstagemorefullyandboldlyinyourownlife–andindoingso,openupthepossibilityfornewopportunities,newrelationships,newalliances,andnewideas?7TextreadingUNIT2ReadingReadingCastyourmindahead10yearsfromnowandthinkaboutthelifeyouwanttobelivingthen.Whatdoyouwanttobedoing?Withwhom?Whodoyouwanttobecomeintheprocess?8TextreadingTenyearsfromnow,therewillbepeoplewhohaveachievedextraordinarysuccess.Whilewedon’tknowwhotheywillbe,onethingissure–theywon’tbepeoplewhohavestayedinsidetheircomfortzone.Rather,theywillbepeoplewhohavecontinuedtostretchthemselves,evenwhenthingsaregoingsmoothly,andwhohavebeenwillingtoriskfailureorlookingfoolish,knowingthatthebiggestrisktheytakeisnottakinganyrisksatall.Thequestionis–willyoubeoneofthem?9UNIT2ReadingReadingInourevermorecautiousandcompetitiveworld,thereislittlesecurityinplayingsafe.Beingwillingtogiveupthefamiliarityoftheknownandembracethediscomfortthatcomesfrombeingoutsideyourcomfortzoneisincreasinglycrucialtoyoursuccessinworkandlife.10TextreadingUNIT2ReadingInthetext,theauthorexplainstheconceptofsteppingoutofone’scomfortzone.Whatarethebenefits?Howcanonebreakfreefromtheircomfortzone?Readthetextandcompletetheoutline.1TextunderstandingUNIT2ReadingTextunderstandingBenefitsofgettingoutofone’scomfortzone•Reapingthebiggest1)__________.•Accomplishingworthwhile2)____________.•Creatingnewopportunities•Building3)__________

•Growinginfluence•Expandingtheperimeterofourcouragezoneandenhancing4)___________.Waystogetoutofone’scomfortzone•Steppingintothediscomfortof5)____________•Givingupthesecurityoftheknown•Takingonbigger6)____________inthefuture•Beingwillingtoembracechangeandriskthediscomfortof7)__________•Beingwillingtogetcomfortablewiththediscomfortrewardsaspirationscapabilityuncertaintychallengesfailure

confidence

UNIT2ReadingTextunderstandingWaystogetoutofone’scomfortzone•Beingwillingtochallengeassumptionsandpushthe8)________________________•Notlettingourfearholdusback•Beingwillingtomake9)__________andtrysomethingnew•Notlettingmistakesand10)___________defineusmistakesboundariesofpossibilitysetbacksUNIT2ReadingInthetext,examplesandquotesareusedtosupporttheauthor’spoints.Matcheachpointwithitscorrespondingexampleorquote.2cbTextunderstanding1Ourwillingnesstotakerisksdoesnotnecessarilyleadtosuccess.2Wecanneverhopetoachievesuccessunlesswe’rewillingtoembracechangeandriskthediscomfortoffailure.Examplesandquotes:a.Ileftmyparents’smallfarmandmovedto“thecity.”b.Anadministrativeassistantworkedherwayupandbecameadeputydirectorinthemale-dominatedaerospaceindustry.c.“Nothingworthwhilehaseverbeenaccomplishedwithaguaranteeofsuccess.”d.“It’snotourfailuresthatdetermineourfuturesuccess,buthowweexplainthemtoourselves.”Theauthor’spoints:UNIT2ReadingadTextunderstanding3Steppingoutofourcomfortzonecanbeterrifyingandexcitingatthesametime.4Weshouldnotletourmistakesandsetbacksdefineus.Examplesandquotes:a.Ileftmyparents’smallfarmandmovedto“thecity.”b.Anadministrativeassistantworkedherwayupandbecameadeputydirectorinthemale-dominatedaerospaceindustry.c.“Nothingworthwhilehaseverbeenaccomplishedwithaguaranteeofsuccess.”d.“It’snotourfailuresthatdetermineourfuturesuccess,buthowweexplainthemtoourselves.”UNIT2ReadingReadthetextandidentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationineachstatementisderived.Someparagraphscanbechosenmorethanonce.31

Remainingwithinourcomfortzonelimitsourabilitytoachievevaluableresults.

2

Maximalrewardscometothosewhoarewillingtostepoutoftheircomfortzoneandembracethediscomfortofuncertainty.3

Steppingoutofourcomfortzoneenablesustobecomemoreconfidentandcourageous.4Continuousassessmentcanhelpusjudgewhetherwearelettingfearoffailurepreventusfrommovingforward.TextunderstandingPara.2Para.1Para.2Para.5UNIT2Reading5

Tobesuccessful,onemustembracechange,takerisksandadapttothediscomfortofuncertainty.6Althoughnotallriskswillresultinsuccess,itisstillworthwhiletotakerisks.7Itisnotfailurebutone’sattitudetowarditthatleadstofinalsuccess.8Inthiscompetitiveworld,cautiouslyavoidingriskscanofferlittlesecurity.9Themostsuccessfulpeoplearealwaysthosewhoarewillingtotakerisks.10Despiteexperiencingnumeroussetbacksandcriticismonherroadtosuccess,thefemaleleaderrefusedtoletfearholdherback.TextunderstandingPara.3Para.6Para.7Para.10Para.9Para.4UNIT2ReadingVocabulary★cautious:a.beingcarefulaboutwhatyousayordo,esp.toavoiddangerormistakes;nottakinganyrisks小心的；谨慎的

e.g.Hegaveacautiousreply,notwantingtomakeamistakeorcauseanymisunderstandings.Wordformationcautiously

adv.小心地；谨慎地caution

n.

小心；谨慎UNIT2ReadingVocabularyExerciseFillintheblankwithproperformsofthegivenword.1)Somepeopleacttoo__________intheircareers–theyonlydowhattheyarefamiliarwith,andnevertrynewchallenges.(cautious)2)Somepeoplearetoo________totrynewthings,whichmakesithardforthemtoseizenewopportunities.(caution)3)________！UnmarkedDepth–NoSwimmingWithoutSupervision！(cautious)cautiouslycautiousCautionUNIT2ReadingVocabulary★zone:n.[C]anareaoraregionwithaparticularfeatureoruse（有某特色或作用的）地区，地带

e.g.Theshoppingzoneisalwayscrowdedonweekends,withlonglinesandbusystores.Collocationcomfortzone

舒适区no-parkingzone

禁止停车区timezone

时区pedestrianzone

步行区UNIT2ReadingVocabularyExerciseChoosetherightexpressiontocompletethesentence.comfortzoneno-parkingzonetimezonepedestrianzone1)WhenyouflyfromBeijingtoNewYork,you’llcross13____________.2)Theoldtowncenterhasbeenturnedintoa________________toreducetrafficaccidents.3)Youcan’tstophere–thisisa_______________markedbytheredline.4)Personalgrowthrarelyhappensinsideyour_____________.Youhavetofacechallengestobecomeabetterversionofyourself.timezonespedestrianzoneno-parkingzonecomfortzoneUNIT2ReadingVocabulary★maximal:a.asmuchoraslargeaspossible最多的；最大的；最大限度的

e.g.Theguests’seatsareangledstrategicallyforamaximalview.

Wordtransformationmaximize

v.使最大化Antonymsminimal

a.

最小的；最少的UNIT2ReadingVocabularyExerciseChoosethebestanswer.Whendesigningasmallapartment,thekeyisto______theavailablespacetomeetdailyneeds,whilekeepingthedecorationcostata______amount.A.maximize;minimalB.minimal;maximizeC.minimize;maximalD.maximal;minimize√

UNIT2ReadingVocabulary★expand:v.tobecomegreaterinsize,number,orimportance;tomakesth.greaterinsize,number,orimportance扩大，增加，增强（尺码、数量或重要性）

e.g.Thecompanyplanstoexpanditsbusinessinoverseasmarkets.

UNIT2ReadingVocabularySynonyms•expand

用法：1)用于“立体空间、体积、容器容量”的扩大，侧重“内部空间变广”。e.g.Thecompanyplanstoexpanditsofficebyaddingtwonewfloors.2)用于“抽象范围、数量、内容的增长”，侧重“从少到多、从窄到宽的扩散”。常见搭配:expand

one’sknowledge,expand

businessscope,expand

influencee.g.Readingwidelyhelps

expand

yourvocabulary.UNIT2ReadingVocabulary•extend

v.

延伸、延长用法：1)用于“线性空间、距离”的延伸，侧重“向某一方向拉长”。e.g.Thegovernmentdecidedtoextendthehighwaytoconnectthetwosma