高考英语第二轮复习阅读理解分类分析和解题方法技巧指导课件6

专题五文化教育型阅读理解专题五

│文化教育型阅读理解专题导读专题五│专题导读

文化教育类阅读理解文章属高考常选材料之一，它以中西文化差异作为选材的重点，常涉及文化、教育、法制、宗教等方面的文学艺术、发明创造、文化遗产保护、宗教与文化、风俗与习惯、道德与法制、中外文学名著节选、各国学校教育、家庭教育等等，重视语言和文化的关系，阅读材料更多地涉猎社会化背景知识。因此，要通过阅读更多地涉猎社会文化背景知识，更多地了解并丰富自己的知识。这类材料的命题点往往落在主旨大意题、事实细节题上。在做这类阅读理解题时，应注意以下几个方面：专题五│专题导读

(1)采用先题后文：先读题目，再带着问题读文章。这类阅读理解文章相对来说事实细节题稍多一点，如果带着问题读文章，有利于我们抓住细节。(2)先做细节题。因为做完了局部性的事实细节题后，自然会加深我们对文章的理解，这样更有利于做主旨大意题。(3)重点敲定主旨题。主旨大意题提问的形式主要有两大类：一类是Mainidea型；一类是Topic或Title型。zxxk真题再现专题五│真题再现

[2010·全国卷Ⅰ]EDGEWOOD—EverymorningatDixieHeightsHighSchool，customerspourintoaspecialexperiment：thedistrict’sfirstcoffeeshoprunmostlybystudentswithspeciallearningneeds.Wellbeforeclassesstart，studentsandteachersorderLattes，CappuccinosandHotChocolates.Then，duringthefirstperiod，teacherscallinordersontheirroomphones，andstudentsmakedeliveries.专题五│真题再现Byclosingtimeat9：20a．m.，theshopusuallysells90drinks.“Whoevermadethechitea，Ms.Schatzmansaysitwasgood，”ChristyMcKinley，asecondyearstudent，announcedrecently，afterhangingupwiththeteacher.TheshopiscalledtheDixiePIT，whichstandsforPowerinTransition.Althoughsomeofthestudentsarenotdisabled，manyare，andthePIThelpsthemprepareforlifeafterhighschool.专题五│真题再现Theylearnnotonlyhowtorunacoffeeshopbutalsohowtodealwiththeiraffairs.Theykeepatimecardandreceivepaychecks，whichtheykeepincheckregisters.

Special­educationteachersKimChevalierandSueCaseyintroducedtheDixiePITfromasimilarprogramatKennesawMountainHighSchoolinGeorgia.专题五│真题再现Notthatitwaseasy.Chevalier’sfirstproblemtoovercomewasproduct­related.Shouldschoolsbesellingcoffee？Whataboutsugarcontent?KentonCountyFoodServiceDirectorGingerGrayhelped.Shemadesureallthedrinks，whichusenon­fatmilk，fellwithinnutrition(营养)guidelines.专题五│真题再现Thewholeschoolhasjoinedintohelp.Teachersagreedtogiveuptheirlounge(休息室)inthemornings.Artstudentspaintedthenameoftheshoponthewall.Businessstudentsdesignedthepaychecks.Thebasketballteamhelpedpayforcups.专题五│真题再现

(

)1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Abest­sellingcoffee.B．Aspecialeducationalprogram.C．Governmentsupportforschools.D．Anewtypeofteacher­student

relationship.专题五│真题再现

(

)2.TheDixiePITprogramwasintroducedinorderto________.A．raisemoneyforschoolaffairsB．dosomeresearchonnutritionC．developstudents’practicalskillsD．supplyteacherswithdrinks专题五│真题再现

(

)3.HowdidChristyMcKinleyknowMs.

Schatzman’sopinionofthechitea?A．Shemetherintheshop.B．Sheheardhertellingothers.C．Shetalkedtoheronthephone.D．Shewenttoherofficetodeliverthetea.专题五│真题再现

(

)4.WeknowfromthetextthatGingerGray________.A．managestheDixiePITprograminKentonCountyB．seesthatthedrinksmeethealthstandardsC．teachesatDixieHeightsHighSchoolD．ownstheschool’scoffeeshop专题五│真题再现

【文章大意】本文主要介绍DixieHeightsHighSchool实施的一项帮助自己学生就业的特殊教育项目。

1.B

主旨概括题。本文主要介绍DixieHeightsHighSchool实施的一项帮助自己学生就业的特殊教育项目。2.C推理判断题。依据第五段thePIThelpsthemprepareforlifeafterhighschool可知该项目有助于孩子们掌握实用技能，便于将来就业。学科网专题五│真题再现

3.C细节理解题。依据第四段Ms.Schatzmansaysitwasgood和afterhangingupwiththeteacher推断，两者是通过电话了解信息的。hangup挂断电话。4.B推理判断题。依据倒数第三段Shemadesureallthedrinks,whichusenon­fatmilk,fellwithinnutrition(营养)guidelines推断，GingerGray要确保这里制作的咖啡符合健康标准。专题预测专题五│专题预测(一)PoorerchildrenwouldbeofferedthechancetoattendlessonsonSaturdaytohelpcatchupwiththeirmiddle­classpeers(同龄人),theshadowschoolssecretary,MichaelGovesaid.TheConservativeswouldgiveEnglishstateschoolsthefreedomtochoosetohavelongerteachinghoursandextraclassesattheweekend,hetoldtheAssociationofTeachersandLecturers’annualconference.专题五│专题预测Govesaidthemovewouldhelptoclosetheachievementgapwithricherchildrenwhoseparentscouldaffordextrassuchastutoringandmusiclessons.Hetolddelegates(代表)inManchester:“Forchildrenwhocomefromhomeswhereparentsdon’thavetheresourcestoprovideadditionalstretchandculturalexperiences,therearebenefitsinhavingthosechildreninthelearningenvironment,inschool,forlonger.”专题五│专题预测“Parentswouldlovetohaveschoolsstartingearlierinsomecircumstances,andcertainlygoingonlaterintheafternoon,giventherealityoftheirworkinglives，”hesaid.HehelduptheexampleofKipp(KnowledgeisPowerProgram)schoolsintheUS,whichareoftenbasedinthepoorestcommunitiesandopenfrom7：30amto5pmonweekdays,plusSaturdays.专题五│专题预测

Butitwouldbeuptoschoolstodecidetoofferlongerhours,Goveadded.ParentssaidSaturdayclassescouldbecomea“badgeofdishonor”ifpupilswereforcedtogo,whileteachersraisedconcernsabouttheirworkload.专题五│专题预测MargaretMorrissey,ofParentsOutloud,said:“Ithinkthesuggestionthegovernmentmadeaboutone­to­oneteachingforthesekidswouldbeamorepreferablewayofimprovingthesechildren’sperformance.I’mjustnotsurewhethertakingawayachildatweekendsisactuallygoingtomakethemclevererintheweek.”专题五│专题预测TheATL’sgeneralsecretary,MaryBousted,said:“IfwewantSaturdayschools,thenweneedmoreteachersdoingtheextrahours,notthesameteachersworkinglonger.”(

)1.Theprogramisintendedforchildren______.A．whoarefrommiddle­classfamiliesB．whoseparentscan’taffordextrahelpC．whoperformpoorlyacademicallyD．whoseweekendsaremostlyunoccupied专题五│专题预测

(

)2.“Additionalstretch”inParagraph4probablyrefersto________.A．musiclessonsB．physicalrelaxationC．entertainmentactivitiesD．out­of­schoolimprovement专题五│专题预测

(

)3.WhydidGovementionKippschoolsintheUS?A．Tomakeacomparison.B．Tointroduceanewprogram.C．Toseeksupportiveevidence.D．Toprovehisprogramisbetter.专题五│专题预测

(

)4.WhatisMargaretMorrissey’sopinionaboutthenewprogram?A．Favourable.

B．Doubtful.C．Optimistic.D．Acceptable.专题五│专题预测

(

)5.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．Teachersmaynotliketheprogram.B．Schoolsaretryingtomakeprofits.C．Theprogramisalreadyunderway.D．Theprogramispopularwithchildren.专题五│专题预测

【文章大意】教育要改革了，周六也要上课了。对此，有何反应呢？不同的人有不同的观点。1．B

细节理解题。由第四段“Forchildrenwhocomefromhomeswhereparentsdon’thavetheresourcestoprovideadditionalstretchandculturalexperiences，”可知答案。2．D猜测词义题。根据“suchastutoringandmusiclessons.及…improvingthesechildren’sperformance.”可知。专题五│专题预测

3．C细节理解题。举例以说明自己的言论正确。4．B主观判断题。根据MargaretMorrissey的话“I’mjustnotsurewhethertakingawayachildatweekendsisactuallygoingtomakethemclevererintheweek.”可知答案。5．A

细节判断题。根据倒数第三段和最后一段，我们可以判断出老师们的看法和意见。专题五│专题预测(二)StudentsarebeingforcedtotakeadditionalexamstogetintoleadinguniversitiesbecausegoodA­levelsdonotalwaysindicatethebrightestcandidates.专题五│专题预测

Sixth­formersapplyingtocoursessuchasmedicineandlawarebeingaskedtositAmerican­styleaptitude(智能)tests,whicharedesignedtoassess(评价)thinkingskills,amongteststhattoomanyA­levelcandidatesaregettingtopgrades.Lastyear,almostoneinsixstudentsapplyingtouniversitiessuchasOxfordandCambridgefromindependentschoolshadtositadditionaltesttosecureaplace.组卷网专题五│专题预测

Headteacherscriticizedthemove,whichtheysaidwouldpilemorepressureonschoolsandstudents.Butuniversitiesinsistedthatthereformswereunavoidable,becauseA­levelexamswerenolongeranaccuratebarometer(标准)ofability.专题五│专题预测In1986,40percentofstudentsstartingatOxfordachievedstraight.AsatA­level,MikeNicholson,itsadmissionsdirector,saidthatthisyearalmosteverycandidateofferedaplacewouldgetperfectgrades.Itmeanttheuniversityhadtostageadditionaltesttoidentifythemostablecandidates.“TheabilitytoachievethreeAgradesisnolongertheend­pointintheadmissionsprocess，”hesaid.“ThepotentialtoachievethreeAgradeswillallowthemtoentertheraceforaplace.”专题五│专题预测Oxfordisnottheonlyuniversityturningtoaptitudetests.AtCambridge,thenumberofstudentstakingtheuniversity’sThinkingSkillsAssessmentshotup26percenttomorethan3,000.Asurveyof16,830sixthformersapplyingtohighereducationfromprivateschoolslastyearshowedthat2,860hadtositatleastoneexam.专题五│专题预测

Earlierthisyear,theNationalFoundationforEducationalResearchrecommendedthatmostsixthformersshouldsitSATtests—astandardreasoningexamwidelyusedinAmericancolleges—tomakeiteasiertopickoutthebestcandidates.(

)1.Whatistheattitudeofheadteacherstothereform?A．Approving.

B．Doubtful.C．Opposed.D．Neutral(中立的)专题五│专题预测

(

)2.WhichBritishuniversityfirststartedtouseaptitudeteststopickoutthebestcandidates?A．Harvard.B．Oxford.C．Cambridge.D．WashingtonD．C.专题五│专题预测

(

)3.WhatcanweknowabouttheA­levelsystem?A．Itcanindicatethebrightestcandidates.B．Itwasdesignedtoassessstudents’thinkingabilities.C．Itisnolongeranaccuratewaytoassessstudents’abilities.D．ItwasrecommendedbytheNationalFoundationforEducationalResearch.专题五│专题预测

(

)4.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．ThereformismorepopularinAmericancollegesthaninBritishones.B．Thereformwillbeappliedbyalluniversitiesinthefuture.C．Universitiesusedtodependonthe