吉林黑龙江两省十校联合体2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

2025~2026学年度高二上学期期中考试英语(试卷满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟)注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；回答非选择题时，用0.5mm的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。4.本卷主要命题范围：至选择性必修第一册U5。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18C.£9.15答案是C1.WhereisPeterworkingnow?A.Inahospital.B.Inauniversity.C.Inadrugpany2.Whatdoesthemanprobablygivethewoman?A.Ahouse.B.Someflowers.C.Somemoney.3.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman?A.Sheisbrave.B.Sheiskind.C.Sheisreliable.4.WhatshouldJennydoaccordingtotheman?A.Eatmore.B.Changelearninghabits.C.Studymuchharder.5.Whodidthemangocampingwith?A.Lily.B.Martin.C.Bob.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatwasthewomandoingwhenthemanphonedher?A.ShewaswatchingafilmB.Shewashavingameeting.C.Shewastalkingwithhercousin.7.Whydidthemancallthewoman?A.Todiscussthemovie.B.Toborrowhercamera.C.Toinvitehertoaparty.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthissummerjob?A.Bored.B.Easy.C.Satisfied.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Neighbours.C.Workmates10.Wheredidthewomanworklastsummer?A.Inaclothesshop.B.Inabookshop.C.Inashoeshop.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.SheistooshytospeakEnglish.B.Shecan’tunderstandothers.C.Sheisinactiveintheclass.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.ShelearnedEnglishthreeyearsago.B.She’llgoshoppingonSaturdaymorning.C.She’safraidofmakingmistakes.13.Whatisthemantryingtodo?A.TeachthewomanEnglishgrammar.B.IntroduceanEnglishteachertothewoman.C.EncouragethewomantospeakEnglish.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whydoesthewomanetotherestaurant?A.Itservescheapmeat.B.Shethoughtthefoodwashealthy.C.Herfriendremendedit.15.Whatchangewilltherestaurantmakenextmonth?A.Itwillopennearafarm.B.Itwillservemorenaturalfood.C.Itwillprovidefreesnacks.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Orderhermeal.B.WashherhandsC.Paythebill.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhenwasLucyborn?A.In1963.B.In1965.C.In1961.18.WhatdidteacherthinkofLucyatschool?A.Shewaspatient.B.Shewascapable.C.Shewascareful.19.WhatdidLucystarthercareeras?A.Anurse.B.Ateacher.C.Adoctor.20.WhatarethenamesofLucy’stwin?A.BelindaandGeorge.B.EricandPaul.C.JohnandMichael.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThemeparksandamusementparkswillbestandingtallthisseason,notjustinthesenseofproudlydisplayingtheirshiny,brandnewrides.Themostexpectedrideof2020,however,willtakeyouforafacetofaceencounterwiththrilling(惊险刺激的)adventure.BansheeatKingsIsland,Mason,Ohio.Inverted(倒置的)featuretrainthathangssuspended(悬挂)fromthetrackaboveandleavespassengers’legshanging.TheytypicallyoffertightturnswithlotsofpositiveGforces.Witharidetimeof2minutes40secondsandatracklengthof4,124feet,Bansheeistheworld’slongestinvertedcoasterandisgettingsomuchpraisefromridefans.Thatisreallywonderfulandexciting.DespicableMeMinionMayhematUniversalStudiosHollywood,LosAngeles,California.TheextremelysillycharactersfromthepopularDespicableMemoviebringtheirpowerfulfunnyactionstoaninteresting4Dridefilm.It’sloadedwithlaughs,andlikethemovies,includessomesurprisinglytouchingmomentsaswell.GoliathatSixFlagsGreatAmerica,Gurnee,Illinois.Thecreativepanythatisbuildingthisnewcoasterhasanimpressivetrackrecordofdeliveringincrediblysmoothandsatisfyingthrillmachines.SotheexpectationishighforGoliath,whichwillboasta180foot,85degreedropandatopspeedof72mph,whichwillmakeittheworld’stallest,fastest,andsteepestwoodencoaster.SevenDwarfsMineTrainatMagicKingdomWaltDisneyWorld,LakeBuenaVista,Florida.It’sbothamildlythrillingcoasterwithauniquecradle(摇篮)designthatallowsthecarstoswingbackandforthandaforcing“darkride”thattakesguestsintothecolourfulminetoseetheSevenDwarfsatwork.Theanimatedcharactersareparticularlystrikingintheattraction,whichisthecapstoneofthepark’sNewFantasylandexpansion.1.HowdoridefansfeelafterridingBanshee?A.Relieved. B.Disappointed. C.Excited. D.Anxious.2.WhatisGoliathmadeof?A.Iron. B.Bamboo. C.Steel. D.Wood.3.Whatcanweknowaboutthecradledesignof:SevenDwarfsMineTrain?A.Itbringstheirpowerfulfunnyactionstoanengaging4Dridefilm.B.Itallowsthecarstoswingbackandforth.C.Ithasanimpressivetrackrecord.DIttakesguestsintotherealmine.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个好玩又刺激的主题公园的娱乐项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thatisreallywonderfulandexciting.(这真是太棒了，太令人兴奋了。)”可知，人们在乘坐Banshee后会感觉兴奋。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“SotheexpectationishighforGoliath,whichwillboasta180foot,85degreedropandatopspeedof72mph,whichwillmakeittheworld’stallest,fastest,andsteepestwoodencoaster.(因此，人们对Goliath的期望很高，它将以180英尺高、85度的落差和72英里每小时的最高速度而自豪，这将使它成为世界上最高、最快、最陡的木制过山车)”可知，Goliath是木制的。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’sbothamildlythrillingcoasterwithauniquecradle(摇篮)designthatallowsthecarstoswingbackandforthandaforcing“darkride”thattakesguestsintothecolourfulminetoseetheSevenDwarfsatwork.(这是一个略带刺激的过山车，独特的摇篮设计可以让车厢来回摆动，同时也是一个强迫性的“黑暗之旅”，带游客进入五颜六色的矿井，观看七个小矮人的工作)”可知，SevenDwarfsMineTrain的车厢是摇篮设计，可以来回摆动。故选B。BPuttingdownthebookIwasreading,Iturnedtomymum,Phyllis....xtyear,whenIgotohighschool,...”Istarted,thinkingofallthenovelsI’dsoonbereading.ButbeforeIcouldfinishmysentence,Mumcutmeoff.“Therewillbenohighschool,”shesaid.“Wedon’thavemoneyforuniformsorschoolshoesorbooks.”Itwas1963.Iwas12andhadspentthewholeofprimaryschoolnotwearinganyshoes,butIdreamedofbeingateacher.Myfamilywasverypoor,andmythreeoldersiblings(兄弟姐妹)hadn’tgoneontohighschool.Twoofthemhadstartedwork,andmyoldersisterstayedhometohelpmumlookaftertheyoungerkids.TwoweeksbeforeIturned13,Istartedcuttingthreads(线)offshirtsinaclothingfactorywhereImetGeorge,andlaterwemarried.Intime,wehadourthreekids,Darcy,Georgia,andKelly.Georgefoundworkoncattlestations,sowemovedtotheoutbackinWesternQueensland.Itaughtourthreekidsduringtheirprimaryschoolyears,andthatscratchedmyteachingitchalittle,butthedesiretostudymoreneverleftme.“Whenweretire,Iwanttogotouniversity,”ItoldGeorge.IwantedtoprovetomyselfthatIcoulddoit.After40yearsintheoutback,weretiredin2015,andIseizedmychance.Attheageof66,Ienrolled(登记)inaprogrammewiththeUniversityoftheSunshineCoastcalledtheTertiaryPreparationPathway,whichhelpedmaturestudentsprepareforuniversity.Next,IenrolledinaBAmajoringinEnglish.WalkingontocampusthatfirstdayinFebruary2017,itwasclearIwastheoldeststudentthere,butthatdidn’tputmeoffintheslightest.Mybiggestchallengewasn’tthecoursework;itwasthetechnology.Mygrandchildrenconstantlysentmeencouragingmessagessaying,“We’resoproudofyou,granny,”oraskinghowIwasdoing.Atlast,Ipassedallmysubjectswithflyingcolours,andwhenIwasinvitedtograduate,Icried.Icouldn’tbelieveI’ddoneit.Wearingmyblackrobeandhat,ImarchedintooneofJohnnyFarnham’sfamoussongs.I’llneverforgetthatfeeling,waitinginthewingsbackstagefortheDeantocallmyname.“Thisisawonderfulachievement,”hetoldmeashehandedmemydegree.Icouldn’tagreemore.4.Whycouldn’ttheauthorgotohighschool?A.Becauseherfamilywaspoor. B.Becausehersiblingspreventedher.C.Becauseshewasnotgoodatreading. D.Becauseshelostheruniforms.5.WhatdidtheauthorenrollinattheUniversityoftheSunshineCoast?A.TheTertiaryPreparationPathway.B.Aprogrammehelpingyoungstudentsforuniversity.C.ABAmajoringinaforeignlanguage.D.Acourseaboutdesigningclothes.6.Whatistheauthor’sgrandchildren’sattitudetowardsherattendinguniversity?A.Hesitant. B.Favourable. C.Objective. D.Worried.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Agoodstartishalfthesuccess.B.Wegaintheskillstosolverealworldproblemsthrougheducation.C.It’simportanttofocusononetaskatatimeifyouwanttolearnefficiently.D.Weshouldkeepupwithourdreamandtrytomakeitoneday.【答案】4.A5.A6.B7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者因家庭贫困未能就读高中，婚后在偏远地区教自己的孩子以缓解对教育的渴望，最终在66岁时实现大学梦的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据原文第三段““Therewillbenohighschool,”shesaid.“Wedon’thavemoneyforuniformsorschoolshoesorbooks.”(“你不能上高中了，”她说。“我们没钱买校服、校鞋和课本。”)”可知，作者无法上高中的原因是家庭贫困，故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据原文倒数第三段“Attheageof66,IenrolledinaprogrammewiththeUniversityoftheSunshineCoastcalledtheTertiaryPreparationPathway,whichhelpedmaturestudentsprepareforuniversity.(66岁时，我报名参加了阳光海岸大学的一个名为“高等教育预备课程”的项目，该项目旨在帮助成年学生为上大学做准备。)”可知，作者在阳光海岸大学报名的是高等教育预备课程，故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据原文倒数第二段“Mygrandchildrenconstantlysentmeencouragingmessagessaying,“We’resoproudofyou,granny,”oraskinghowIwasdoing.(我的孙子孙女们不断给我发鼓励的信息，说“奶奶，我们为你感到骄傲”，或者问我过得怎么样。)”可知，作者的孙子孙女对她上大学的态度是支持的，故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Atlast,Ipassedallmysubjectswithflyingcolours,andwhenIwasinvitedtograduate,Icried.Icouldn’tbelieveI’ddoneit.(最后，我以优异的成绩通过了所有科目，当收到毕业邀请时，我忍不住哭了。我真不敢相信自己竟然做到了。)”及全文内容可知，作者从12岁渴望成为教师却因贫辍学，到66岁仍坚持圆梦大学并顺利毕业，可知文章传递的核心是“要坚持梦想，终有一天会实现”，故选D。CItwasobviouswithPinocchio.Everytimehetoldaliehisnosegrewlonger.Butfortherestofusinreallife,theresultoftellingliesisn’tsoevident.Isitpossiblethatthereareunseenconsequencestodishonesty?Sinceliesarecarriedbyspeech,andspeechoriginatesinthebrain,isitpossiblethattellingliesresultsinchangesinthebrainthatarenotoutwardlyobservable?PsychologistsJuliaLeeandAshleyHardinwantedtofindout.Drs.LeeandHardinsetupaseriesofstudiestoexplorethequestionofdishonesty,with250pairsofindividuals.Ineachpair,onewasassigned(分派)thetaskofeitherlyingortellingthetruth.Theothermemberofthepairwasinstructedtoevaluatetheemotionsofthelyingortruthtellingpartner.Eachofthepartnerswasthenassignedthetaskofevaluatingtheemotionsoftheotherpartner.Theresearchfoundthatsubjectswhowereaskedtobedishonestweresignificantlyworseatdetectingtheemotionalstateoftheirpartnersthanthosewhotoldthetruth.Surprisingly,thesmall,seeminglyunimportantmomentsofdishonestycloudedanindividual’sabilitytoreadtheemotionsofanotherindividuallateron.Todeterminehowwelltheparticipantscouldreadotherpeople’semotions,theresearchersthenhadthesubjectswatchaseriesofshortvideoclips.Intheclips,actorsexpressedawiderangeofemotionsintheirfacialexpressions,voices,andbodylanguages.Theparticipantswerethenaskedtoidentifytheemotionalstateoftheactors.Onceagain,acrossalltheexperimentalstudies,theresearchersconsistentlyfoundthatthosewhoweretemptedto,andlikelydidlie,endedupperformingworseonthetestofempatheticaccuracythanthosewhodidn’tlie.Weliveinaworldwherebusinesses,sociallife,andpersonalrelationshipsdependontheabilityofindividualstointeractwellwithotherpeople.Andtointeractwiththemweoftenneedtobeabletodeterminetheiremotions.Asmostofuslearnedinkindergarten:it’simportanttotellthetruth.8.Whatistheaimofthestudies?A.Toteachpeoplehowtodetectlies. B.Totestiflyingcausesbrainchanges.C.ToexplainthePinocchioEffect. D.Toexplorethemotiveforlying.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“clouded”inParagraph4mean?A.Weakened. B.Monitored. C.Cleared. D.Improved.10.Whatweretheparticipantsaskedtodointhestudies?A.Torateothers’performances. B.Toidentifydifferentemotions.CTomakefaces. D.Tolearnbodylanguages.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thereasonsfortellinglies. B.Theplexityofsocialinteraction.C.Thenecessityofbeinghonest. D.Theapplicationofthestudy.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了心理学家JuliaLee和AshleyHardin开展的研究，旨在探究说谎是否会导致大脑变化，研究发现说谎会削弱识别他人情绪的能力，强调了诚实的重要性。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Sinceliesarecarriedbyspeech,andspeechoriginatesinthebrain,isitpossiblethattellingliesresultsinchangesinthebrainthatarenotoutwardlyobservable?PsychologistsJuliaLeeandAshleyHardinwantedtofindout.(既然谎言是通过言语传递的，而言语又起源于大脑，那么说谎是否可能会导致大脑发生无法从外部观察到的变化？心理学家JuliaLee和AshleyHardin想找出答案)”可知，研究的目的是测试说谎是否会导致大脑变化。故选B。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Theresearchfoundthatsubjectswhowereaskedtobedishonestweresignificantlyworseatdetectingtheemotionalstateoftheirpartnersthanthosewhotoldthetruth.(研究发现，与说实话的人相比，被要求撒谎的人在察觉伴侣的情绪状态方面明显更差)”可知，说谎会削弱一个人解读他人情绪状态的能力。所以画线词所在句“Surprisingly,thesmall,seeminglyunimportantmomentsofdishonestycloudedanindividual’sabilitytoreadtheemotionsofanotherindividuallateron.(令人惊讶的是，这些看似不重要的不诚实行为会clouded一个人日后解读他人情绪的能力)”中“clouded”的意思是“削弱”，与“weakened”同义。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Todeterminehowwelltheparticipantscouldreadotherpeople’semotions,theresearchersthenhadthesubjectswatchaseriesofshortvideoclips.Intheclips,actorsexpressedawiderangeofemotionsintheirfacialexpressions,voices,andbodylanguages.Theparticipantswerethenaskedtoidentifytheemotionalstateoftheactors.(为了确定参与者读懂他人情绪的能力，研究人员让他们观看了一系列短视频片段。在视频片段中，演员们通过面部表情、声音和肢体语言表达了各种各样的情绪。然后，参与者被要求识别演员的情绪状态)”可知，参与者在研究中被要求识别不同的情绪。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容“Weliveinaworldwherebusinesses,sociallife,andpersonalrelationshipsdependontheabilityofindividualstointeractwellwithotherpeople.Andtointeractwiththemweoftenneedtobeabletodeterminetheiremotions.Asmostofuslearnedinkindergarten:it’simportanttotellthetruth.(在我们生活的世界里，商业、社会生活和人际关系都取决于个人与他人良好互动的能力。为了与他们互动，我们通常需要能够确定他们的情绪。正如我们大多数人在幼儿园学到的那样：讲真话很重要)”可知，最后一段主要讲了诚实的必要性。故选C。DWhenhunterswipedoutmostfruiteatingbirdsinthetropicalforestofLambirHillsNationalParkbythe1990s,theskiesgrewdullerandinafewyearssodidtheforest.Withoutbirdstospreadtheirseeds,thediversityoffruitproducingplantsdeclined,illuminatingthecriticalimportanceofseeddispersal(分散传播)forecosystemhealth.Themovementofseedsacrossthelandscapeinanimals`guts(肠道)isa“gluethatkeepsecologicalmunitiestogether,”saysJordiBaspte,anecologistattheUniversityofZurich.However,ateamstatesthatatleastonethirdofEuropeanplantspeciescouldbeintroublebecausemorethanonethirdofseeddispersinganimalspeciesarerankedasthreatenedbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN)oraredecreasinginnumbers,whichcouldharmtheabilityofplantstoexpandtheirrangetocopewithclimatechangeorrecoverafterwildfire.Forexample,thegardenwarbler,amonmigratorybirdthatspreadstheseedsof60plantspecies,isdecliningacrossEurope.AlthoughthestudydoesnotdetailhowthecrisisisaffectingecosystemsinthatIUCNassessmentshaven’tyetbeenconductedfor67%oftheplantspecies,researchersdidfindthatmorethan60%oftheplantshadfiveorfeweranimalsthateatanddistributetheirseeds,whichcouldmakethemparticularlysensitivetothedeclineordisappearanceofanyofthesecriticalseeddispersers.Andsomeplantsdoseemtobeinbigtrouble.Theauthorscameupwithalistofnearly80“veryhighconcern”interactions,inwhichboththeplantandtheanimalarethreatenedordeclining.“Weneedtomakesurewe’relookingafterthedispersersthataredoingalotofthework,”Andysays,“Despitethemassivedataset,muchremainsunknownabouttheextentoftheproblem.It’samysterywhichanimalsmovetheseedsofsomerareplants,forinstanceinspiteofcenturiesofnaturalhistoryobservationsinEurope.”Evenformon,wellstudiedspecies,it’snotalwaysapparentwhichdispersersaremostimportantandwhetherotherspeciesmighttakeoveriftheyweretodeclineordisappear.Therearesomesimilarcasesonothercontinents,too,includingNorthAmerica.Butthepicturethereisevenlessclear.12.WhatcanbeinferredfromJordiBaspte'swords?A.Allseedsrelyonanimals’gutstogetdispersed.B.Thespreadofseedsplaysavitalroleinecosystemhealth.C.Animalscarrytheseedstokeepecologicalmunitiestogether.D.Themovementofanimalsismoreimportantthanthatofseedsforecologicalbalance.13.WhichofthefollowingtechniquesisNOTusedtomakethearticlemorepersuasive?A.makingparisons B.listingnumbersC.givingexamples D.citingviews14.WhichopinionwillAndyagreewith?A.Whatmattersmostistofindoutallthedispersers.B.Europeanscientistshavedoneagreatjobforcenturies.C.Itisstillunknownwhichdisperserscertainplantsaremissing.D.Dispersersneedalargeamountofworktobelookedafterwell.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Someplantsarefacingthedangerofdyingout.B.SeeddisperserdeclinesthreatenEurope’splants.C.Dispersinganimalspeciesarerankedasthreatened.D.Ecosystemhealthreliesonseeddispersersinmanyaspects.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了动物对传播种子的重要作用以及因为动物数量的减少，欧洲植物受到的威胁。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“Themovementofseedsacrossthelandscapeinanimals`guts(肠道)isa“gluethatkeepsecologicalmunitiestogether,”saysJordiBaspte,anecologistattheUniversityofZurich.(苏黎世大学的生态学家JordiBaspte说，种子通过动物肠道的移动是一种“使生态群落保持在一起的粘合剂”。)”可以推论出，种子的传播对生态系统的健康起着至关重要的作用。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。为了使文章更有说服力，作者在第三段列举了一些数字“AlthoughthestudydoesnotdetailhowthecrisisisaffectingecosystemsinthatIUCNassessmentshaven’tyetbeenconductedfor67%oftheplantspecies,researchersdidfindthatmorethan60%oftheplantshadfiveorfeweranimalsthateatanddistributetheirseeds,whichcouldmakethemparticularlysensitivetothedeclineordisappearanceofanyofthesecriticalseeddispersers.(尽管这项研究没有详细说明危机如何影响生态系统，因为IUCN尚未对67%的植物物种进行评估，但研究人员确实发现，超过60%的植物有5种或更少的动物食用和传播它们的种子，这可能使它们对这些关键的种子传播者的减少或消失特别敏感。)”；在第二段进行了举例“Forexample,thegardenwarbler,amonmigratorybirdthatspreadstheseedsof60plantspecies,isdecliningacrossEurope.(例如，一种传播60种植物种子的常见候鸟——花园莺，在整个欧洲都在减少。)”；在第一段引用了JordiBaspte的观点“Themovementofseedsacrossthelandscapeinanimalsguts(肠道)isa“gluethatkeepsecologicalmunitiestogether,”(种子通过在动物的肠道中的移动是一种“使生态群落保持在一起的粘合剂”)”，但是作者没有通过对比进行论述。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子““Weneedtomakesurewe’relookingafterthedispersersthataredoingalotofthework,”Andysays,“Despitethemassivedataset,muchremainsunknownabouttheextentoftheproblem.It’samysterywhichanimalsmovetheseedsofsomerareplants,forinstanceinspiteofcenturiesofnaturalhistoryobservationsinEurope.”(“我们需要确保我们正在关注那些做了大量工作的分散者，”安迪说，“尽管有大量的数据集，但对问题的程度仍有很多未知。例如，尽管在欧洲进行了几个世纪的自然历史观察，动物如何传播一些稀有植物的种子仍然是个谜。”)”可以推论出，目前尚不清楚某些植物缺少哪种传播者。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了动物对传播种子的重要作用以及因为动物数量的减少，欧洲植物受到的威胁。所以，用B项“SeeddisperserdeclinesthreatenEurope’splants.(种子传播者的减少威胁着欧洲的植物。)”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选B项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asisknown,AlbertEinsteinwasoneofthegreatestscientistsofalltime.Hewasalsoareallygreatperson.Einsteinlearnedfrommakingmistakes____16____,someoneaskedhimwhatheneeded.Hesaidheneededadesk,somepaperandpencils.Healsoneededabaskettoholdhismistakes.Thisshowsthathekneweventhecleverestmanintheworldcanonlylearnbymakingmistakes.____17____Manychildrenwroteletterstoaskhimforhelpwiththeirhomework.Oneday,hewrotealettertoayounggirltotellhernottoworryaboutherMathshomeworkbecausehethoughtMathswasdifficulttoo.EinsteinconsideredtimetobeimportantHeneverworesocksbecausehethoughtputtingonsockswasawasteoftimeaspeoplealreadyworeshoes.Healsothoughtrememberingthingsfoundinbookswasnotworthit.____18____.Heknewwhatwasworthremembering.Itistruethatifwearegoingtodogreatthingsinourlives,wecannotwastetime.EinsteinlikedtojoketooInoneexam,astudentaskedhimwhyallthequestionswerethesameaslastyear’s.Einsteinrepliedthequestionswerethesame,buttheanswersweredifferent.____19____!WhenEinsteinwasachild,histeachersusedtosayhewasnotclever.However,Einsteinkeptworkinghardandsurprisedtheworldwithhisachievements.____20____,weshouldthinkofhim.So,neverbediscouragedA.GivestudentsachancetocorrecttheirmistakesbythemselvesB.That’swhyheneverrememberedhisownphonenumberC.IfweeverfeellikegivingupwhenwehaveproblemsD.EinsteinwasalsoverystrictwithhisstudentsE.WhenEinsteinstartedtoworkinAmericaF.Einsteinwasalsoverymodest(谦虚的)G.Whatahumorouspersonheis【答案】16.E17.F18.B19.G20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了爱因斯坦作为伟大科学家的同时，也是一个非常优秀的人，通过几个故事展现了他从错误中学习、谦虚、珍惜时间、幽默等品质。【16题详解】由小标题“Einsteinlearnedfrommakingmistakes(爱因斯坦从错误中学习)”和下文“someoneaskedhimwhatheneeded.Hesaidheneededadesk,somepaperandpencils.Healsoneededabaskettoholdhismistakes.(有人问他需要什么。他说他需要一张桌子、一些纸和铅笔。他还需要一个篮子来装他的错误。)”可知，本空应开始讲述爱因斯坦的一些事迹，且该事迹应与“开始工作”相关。E选项“WhenEinsteinstartedtoworkinAmerica(当爱因斯坦开始在美国工作时)”符合语境，能承接上文，并引出下文关于爱因斯坦在美国工作时的相关事迹。故选E。【17题详解】由下文“Manychildrenwroteletterstoaskhimforhelpwiththeirhomework.Oneday,hewrotealettertoayounggirltotellhernottoworryaboutherMathshomeworkbecausehethoughtMathswasdifficulttoo.(许多孩子写信向他求助家庭作业。有一天，他给一个小女孩写了一封信，告诉她不要担心她的数学作业，因为他认为数学也很难。)”可知，爱因斯坦并不因为自己是伟大的科学家而自大，对于孩子的求助，他表示自己也觉得数学很难，这体现了他的谦虚。本空应说明爱因斯坦的谦虚品质。F选项“Einsteinwasalsoverymodest(谦虚的)(爱因斯坦也非常谦虚)”符合语境，能概括本段大意。故选F。【18题详解】由上文“Healsothoughtrememberingthingsfoundinbookswasnotworthit.(他还认为记住书中找到的东西是不值得的。)”以及下文“Heknewwhatwasworthremembering.(他知道什么值得记住。)”可知，本空应举例说明爱因斯坦不记不值得的事。B选项“That’swhyheneverrememberedhisownphonenumber(这就是他从不记住自己电话号码的原因)”符合语境，承接上文，且与下文“他知道什么值得记住”相呼应。故选B。【19题详解】由上文“Inoneexam,astudentaskedhimwhyallthequestionswerethesameaslastyear’s.Einsteinrepliedthequestionswerethesame,buttheanswersweredifferent.(在一次考试中，一个学生问他为什么所有的问题都和去年的一样。爱因斯坦回答说问题是一样的，但答案不同。)”以及本段标题“Einsteinlikedtojoketoo(爱因斯坦也喜欢开玩笑)”可知，本空应总结爱因斯坦的幽默特质。G选项“Whatahumorouspersonheis(他真是个幽默的人)”符合语境，能承接上文，且与标题相呼应。故选G。20题详解】由上文“WhenEinsteinwasachild,histeachersusedtosayhewasnotclever.However,Einsteinkeptworkinghardandsurprisedtheworldwithhisachievements.(爱因斯坦小时候，他的老师常说他不聪明。然而，爱因斯坦一直努力工作，用他的成就震惊了世界。)”以及下文“weshouldthinkofhim.So,neverbediscouraged(我们应该想到他。所以，永远不要气馁)”可知，本空应衔接“遇到困难”与“想到爱因斯坦、不气馁”的逻辑，应提出一个假设，即在遇到困难想放弃时，应想到爱因斯坦。C选项“Ifweeverfeellikegivingupwhenwehaveproblems(如果我们在遇到问题时想放弃)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。There’sanautumndaythatIrecall(回想)everytimeIfindmyselfcaughtupintherushoflife.Onesunnyafternoon,feeling____21____abouttheupingcollegeapplications,Idecidedtotakea____22____frommystudies.IheadedoutsidetomybackyardgardenwhereIbegantoweed(除草)angrily,my____23____anddepression(沮丧)pouringintoeach____24____pullofunwantedgreenery.Mr.Jensen,aquietmaninhisseventieslivingnextdoor,wasinhisgardenasusual,____25____hisroses.Seeingmydepression,hewalkedoverand____26____startedweedingalongsideme.Afterafewminutesofsharedsilence,hefinally____27____.“Youknow,”hebegan,“weedingagardenisalotlikegoingthroughlife.”Alittlepuzzled,I____28____andlookedathim.Hecontinued,“Sometimes,wefocusontheweeds—the____29____anddifficulties—somuchthatweforgettoenjoythe____30____.”Hegesturedtothebeautifulrosesinhisgarden,theirbrightcolours____31____intheafternoonsun.“Don’tforgetto____32____theroses,evenasyoudealwiththeweeds.”Thatsimple____33____hitmehard.Ihadbeensofocusedonthe____34____ofmyfuture,thatIhadforgottentoenjoymypresent—thefriendships,thejoyoflearningnewthings,andthe____35____ofsimplybeingalive.Thatday,Mr.JensentaughtmealifelessonthatI’vecarriedwithmeeversince.21.A.ashamed B.anxious C.novel D.incredible22.A.shower B.walk C.chance D.break23.A.eagerness B.gentleness C.annoyance D.genius24.A.visible B.scientific C.hard D.vital25.A.tending B.pulling C.obtaining D.seeking26.A.silently B.entirely C.automatically D.abnormally27.A.calmeddown B.spokeup C.summedup D.straightenedup28.A.switched B.edged C.sneezed D.stopped29.A.assessments B.consequences C.problems D.routines30.A.passions B.patents C.soils D.flowers31.A.shining B.differing C.reacting D.posing32.A.appreciate B.boost C.detect D.adopt33.A.theme B.tone C.wisdom D.theory34.A.characteristic B.career C.devotion D.stress35.A.embarrassment B.beauty C.conclusion D.entertainment【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.C25.A26.A27.B28.D29.C30.D31.A32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在准备大学申请时感到焦虑和沮丧，于是决定去后院花园除草放松心情。邻居Mr.Jensen注意到作者的情绪后，默默地和作者一起除草，并分享了关于生活与花园的深刻见解。他告诉作者，就像花园里有杂草和玫瑰一样，生活中也有问题和美好，不要只关注问题而忘记欣赏生活中的美好。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个阳光明媚的下午，我对即将到来的大学申请感到焦虑，我决定暂停学习。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.novel新颖的；D.incredible难以置信的。根据空后“abouttheupingcollegeapplications”和下文“my____3____anddepression(沮丧)”可知，作者对即将到来的大学申请感到焦虑，故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.shower淋浴；B.walk散步；C.chance机会；D.break休息。根据下文“Iheadedoutsidetomybackyardgarden”可知，作者决定暂停学习，takeabreakfrom“从……中休息一下”，故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我走到后院的花园，在那里我开始生气地除草，我的烦恼和沮丧倾注在用力清除每一根不需要的绿色植物上。A.eagerness急切；B.gentleness温和，柔和；C.annoyance烦恼，恼怒；D.genius天才，天赋。空处和“depression(沮丧)”并列，应是表达作者的消极情绪，annoyance符合语境，故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.visible看得见的；B.scientific科学的；C.hard用力的；D.vital至关重要的。根据上文“Ibegantoweed(除草)angrily”可知，作者心中不快，应是用力拔出不需要的杂草，故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句