202-年7月3937国开电大人文英语2期末考试试题及答案

202_年7月3937国开电大人文英语2期末考试试题及答案PartIVocabularyandStructure（每题1分，共20分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应字母涂黑。1.Thecuratorinsistedthatthefragilemanuscripts________exposedtodaylightformorethantenminutes.A.notbe  B.mustn’tbe  C.haven’tbeen  D.nothavebeen答案：A解析：insist后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省，故选notbe。2.________thewideninggapbetweentherichandthepoor,thegovernmentlaunchedaseriesofwelfarereforms.A.Inresponseto  B.Inexchangefor  C.Inviewof  D.Incontrastwith答案：A解析：inresponseto表示“作为对……的回应”，符合语境。3.Archaeologistsemployground-penetratingradartodetectundergroundchamberswithout________thelandscape.A.impairing  B.embarking  C.illuminating  D.provisioning答案：A解析：impair意为“损害”，与landscape搭配，表示不破坏地表。4.BythetimetheRenaissancereacheditszenith,Florence________itselfintoacradleofartisticinnovation.A.hastransformed  B.hadtransformed  C.wastransforming  D.wouldtransform答案：B解析：bythetime引导的过去时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时。5.Thelectureseriesonclassicalrhetoricisopentoall,butpriorknowledgeofLatinishighly________.A.disposable  B.indispensable  C.negligible  D.interchangeable答案：B解析：indispensable意为“不可或缺的”，与priorknowledge搭配。6.Notuntilthe19thcentury________systematicexcavationtechniquesbecomestandardinarchaeology.A.did  B.had  C.were  D.would答案：A解析：notuntil位于句首，主句需部分倒装，用一般过去时。7.Thedigitalarchiveallowsusersto________manuscriptsthataretoodelicatetobetransported.A.scrutinize  B.fabricate  C.emulate  D.permeate答案：A解析：scrutinize意为“仔细查看”，符合“远程查看手稿”的语境。8.Thecommitteerejectedtheproposalonthegroundsthatit________theethicalguidelinessetforthin2015.A.infringed  B.surpassed  C.embellished  D.alleviated答案：A解析：infringe意为“违反”，与guidelines搭配。9.Inherlatestmonograph,ProfessorLangadoptsa________approach,blendinganthropologywithnarratology.A.unilateral  B.interdisciplinary  C.peripheral  D.hierarchical答案：B解析：interdisciplinary意为“跨学科的”，符合“融合人类学与叙事学”的语境。10.Themuseum’snewpolicyprohibitsvisitors________flashphotographywithinonemeterofanyartwork.A.touse  B.fromusing  C.againstusing  D.withusing答案：B解析：prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.为固定搭配。11.Onlyaftertheparchmentwassubjectedtomultispectralimaging________theerasedmarginaliareappear.A.could  B.must  C.shall  D.ought答案：A解析：onlyafter引导的状语从句置前，主句需部分倒装，could表示“得以”。12.Thephilosopher’sargumentrestsonthepremisethatmoraltruthsare________,notcontingentuponculturalnorms.A.universal  B.provisional  C.sequential  D.collateral答案：A解析：universal意为“普遍的”，与notcontingentuponculturalnorms对应。13.Thechoir’srenditionofthemedievalhymnwasso________thateventheskepticswerevisiblymoved.A.mundane  B.plaintive  C.evocative  D.elusive答案：C解析：evocative意为“唤起情感的”，符合“连怀疑者都被打动”的语境。14.Thelibrary’srare-bookvaultmaintainsaconstanthumidityof45%soasto________thevellumbindings.A.warp  B.preserve  C.desiccate  D.fumigate答案：B解析：preserve意为“保护”，与vellumbindings搭配。15.Theconferenceorganizersarrangedsimultaneousinterpretinglestthenon-Englishparticipants________disadvantaged.A.feel  B.felt  C.wouldfeel  D.hadfelt答案：A解析：lest引导目的状语从句，谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可省。16.Thefrescoesinthecatacombwerecreatedbyartistswho________anonymityforfearofpersecution.A.coveted  B.embraced  C.shunned  D.permeated答案：C解析：shun意为“避免”，与anonymity搭配，表示“刻意隐姓埋名”。17.Theanthropologistspenttwodecadesamassing________databeforepublishinghergroundbreakingtreatise.A.anecdotal  B.empirical  C.rhetorical  D.ornamental答案：B解析：empirical意为“经验性的”，强调基于观察与实验。18.Thedeanemphasizedthatplagiarism,whetherintentionalorinadvertent,is________withtheuniversity’shonorcode.A.incompatible  B.commensurate  C.reconcilable  D.synonymous答案：A解析：incompatible意为“不相容的”，符合“违背荣誉准则”的语境。19.Thedigitalhumanitiesprojectharnessesmachinelearningto________patternsin18th-centurypamphlets.A.distort  B.decrypt  C.extrapolate  D.simulate答案：C解析：extrapolate意为“推断”，符合“利用机器学习发现模式”的语境。20.Thekeynotespeakerarguedthatculturalheritageisnotastaticrelicbuta________entityshapedbysuccessivegenerations.A.petrified  B.dormant  C.dynamic  D.residual答案：C解析：dynamic意为“动态的”，与notstatic对应。PartIICloze（每题1分，共15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。PassageTherecoveryofthe13th-centuryantiphonalfromthefloodedmonasteryofSanBenedettobegan,almostserendipitously,whenavolunteerarchivistnoticedafaintcrimsonthreadprotrudingfroma__21__wallcavity.Initialreluctancetodisturbthefragilemasonrygavewaytoscholarly__22__oncemultispectralimagesrevealedwhatappearedtobeintactparchmentfolios.Conservatorspromptlyerectedamicro-climatetentto__23__fluctuationsinrelativehumidity,knowingthatevena3%driftcouldprecipitategelatinizationofcollagenfibers.Thecodex,itturnedout,hadbeen__24__inabeeswax-saturatedlinenwrap,anarchaicyetremarkablyeffectivestrategythat__25__bothmoldandinsectpredation.Eachfoliowasliftedonacustom-madepolyethylenesling,itscurvature__26__bygentlesuctionthroughaperforatedacrylicplate.Inkcorrosion,exacerbatedbyiron-gallcomplexes,demandedatwo-step__27__:first,calciumphytatetochelatefreeironions,thenamistofmagnesiumbicarbonatetoreintroduceanalkalinereserve.Themost__28__challenge,however,layinreconstructingtheoriginalcollation.Prickingpatternsandquiresignatureshadbeenobliteratedbytheflood,forcingcodicologiststoresortto__29__analysisofhair-sideandflesh-sidefollicleorientation.Paralleltothephysicalrestoration,musicologistsembarkedonadigital__30__oftheneumes,employingsemiologicalfontstoencodecontourvariationsimperceptibletothenakedeye.Thisallowedscholarsto__31__themelodictrajectorywitha10th-centurytonaryhousedinBenevento,thereby__32__thehypothesisthattherepertoryoriginatedintheAbruzziratherthanCampania.Theproject’sethicaldimensionshouldnotbe__33__:localparishioners,whoseancestorshadchantedfromthisverycodex,wereinvitedtoaround-tablewherecustodialrightsandaccessprotocolswerenegotiatedinthe__34__ofUNESCO’s2015Recommendation.Ultimately,theantiphonalwasnotmerelyconserved;itwas__35__intoalivingpalimpsestuponwhichcommunalmemoryandscholarlyinquirycouldco-inscribefuturemeanings.21.A.crumbling B.shimmering C.proliferating D.oscillating答案：A22.A.indifference B.zeal C.complacency D.retrospection答案：B23.A.amplify B.neutralize C.mitigate D.accentuate答案：C24.A.interred B.auctioned C.replicated D.annotated答案：A25.A.invited B.thwarted C.emulated D.orchestrated答案：B26.A.modulated B.stabilized C.intensified D.proliferated答案：B27.A.incision B.intervention C.sublimation D.transposition答案：B28.A.trivial B.surmountable C.formidable D.derivative答案：C29.A.serological B.rheological C.dermatoglyphic D.follicular答案：D30.A.obfuscation B.palaeograph C.transcription D.embargo答案：C31.A.superimpose B.juxtapose C.interpolate D.extrapolate答案：B32.A.refuting B.corroborating C.downplaying D.rehashing答案：B33.A.understated B.overstated C.reconstructed D.embargoed答案：A34.A.aftermath B.preamble C.spirit D.guise答案：C35.A.ossified B.sublimated C.relegated D.re-envisioned答案：DPartIIIReadingComprehension（每题2分，共20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。Passage1In1929,thephilologistE.R.CurtiuspublishedaslimessayarguingthatmedievalLatinliteratureconstitutednotamoribundrepositoryofrhetoricaltopoibutadynamiccontinuumlinkingantiquitywithmodernity.Curtius’sinsistenceonthe“topos”asacreativecatalyst—ratherthanatiredcliché—scandalizedcontemporarieswhoequatedoriginalitywithrupture.Yethisarchivallabor,tracingthe“materia”ofTroyfromDaresPhrygiustoGiraudoux,revealedthateachretellingrecalibratedtheethicalhorizonofitspresent.Theessay,longoutofprint,resurfacedin2021whenagraduatestudentuploadedascannedcopytotheopen-accessplatform“LitteraeObscurae.”Withinweeks,annotatedhyperlinksproliferated,generatingapalimpsesticcommentarythatdwarfedtheoriginaltext.Curtius’sfootnotes,oncerelegatedtothemargins,becamenodesinarhizomaticnetwork,promptingscholarstoreassessthepoliticsofcitationindigitalenvironments.36.Curtius’scontemporariesviewedthetoposprimarilyasasymbolofA.creativecatalyst B.rhetoricalsterility C.ethicalrecalibration D.archivalredundancy答案：B37.The2021digitalreappearanceofCurtius’sessayillustratesA.theobsolescenceofprintculture B.thedemocratizationofscholarlydiscourse C.theprivatizationofacademicresources D.thelinearityofintellectualhistory答案：B38.Theword“palimpsestic”isusedtoemphasizethecommentary’sA.hierarchicalstructure B.layeredmultiplicity C.chronologicalorder D.aestheticuniformity答案：BPassage2The1972UNESCOConventionconcerningtheProtectionofWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritageenshrinedtheconceptof“outstandinguniversalvalue,”acriterionthathassinceossifiedintoabureaucraticshibboleth.Criticsarguethattheepistemicviolenceinherentingloballistsprivilegesmonumentalarchitectureoverintangiblepractices,therebyreproducingcolonialtaxonomies.Aparadigmaticshiftoccurredin2019whentheIntergovernmentalCommitteeinscribedthe“TraditionalIrrigationSystemsoftheMaghreb”ontheRepresentativeList.Unlikepriorentries,thisnominationforegroundedhydrologicalknowledgeencodedinAmazighoralpoetry,challengingthehegemonyofstone-and-mortarheritage.Thedecisioncatalyzedare-evaluationofauthenticity,nolongertetheredtofabricintegritybuttothecontinuityofcommunalstewardship.39.The1972ConventioniscriticizedforA.overemphasizingintangibleheritage B.entrenchingcolonialcategories C.undermininglocalstewardship D.neglectingnaturalheritage答案：B40.The2019inscriptionsignalsA.areturntomonumentalism B.anexpansionofauthenticity C.arejectionoforaltraditions D.aprivatizationofwaterrights答案：BPartIVTranslation（共20分）SectionAEnglish→Chinese（每题4分，共10分）将下列句子译成汉语，注意体现人文术语的准确性。41.Thecodicologicalfingerprint—comprisingquiresignatures,prickingpatterns,andrulingframes—functionsasageneticcodeforthemedievalbook.答案：书籍学指纹——包括折帖签名、针孔纹样与格线框架——发挥着中世纪书籍基因密码的作用。42.Bydestabilizingthedichotomybetweenoriginalandcopy,thefacsimilereifiestheauraitpurportstodematerialize.答案：通过瓦解“原作”与“复制”的二元对立，摹本反而将其声称要消解的“灵晕”加以实体化。43.Hermeneuticsrefusesthepositivistfantasyofasingle,recoverablemeaning,insistinginsteadonthefusionofhistoricalhorizons.答案：诠释学拒斥那种可还原、唯一意义的实证主义幻想，转而坚持历史视域的融合。44.Thepolyphonicnovel,inBakhtinianterms,orchestratesacacophonyofvoiceswithoutsubordinatingthemtoamonologicauthorialtruth.答案：用巴赫金的术语说，复调小说将众声喧哗予以编排，却不使其屈从于单一作者论的真理。45.Culturalmemoryisnotanarchivalrepositorybutaperformativeact,re-enactedintheliminalspacebetweenrecollectionandforgetting.答案：文化记忆并非档案库房，而是一种表演行为，在记忆与遗忘的阈限空间中被反复搬演。SectionBChinese→English（每题5分，共10分）将下列句子译成英语，注意学术英语的正式度与术语精确性。46.碑林博物馆所藏《石台孝经》的磨损字迹，经多光谱成像后显现出唐代宫廷校勘的朱笔批注。答案：TheabradedgraphsoftheStone-PlatformClassicofFilialPietypreservedintheForestofStelesMuseumhaveyielded,undermultispectralimaging,vermilioncollationnotesexecutedbyTangcourtphilologists.47.非遗传承人的“身体性知识”无法被文本化，其合法性源于社区内部的仪式化凝视与代际口传。答案：The传承人’scorporealknowledge,resistanttotextualization,derivesitslegitimacyfromtheritualizedgazewithinthecommunityandintergenerationaloraltransmission.PartVWriting（共25分）Instructions:Composeanacademicessayofapproximately400wordsonthefollowingtopic.Youressayshouldpresentaclearthesis,marshalevidencefromatleasttwoscholarlysources,andadheretoMLAcitationconventions.Topic:Inthedigitalage,doesthedemocratizationofarchivalaccessinevitabl