三年（2023-2025）江苏中考英语真题分类汇编专题05 阅读理解之说明文（解析版）

专题05阅读理解之说明文

Passage1（2025·江苏盐城·中考真题）

Whatdoyouthinkwillhappenifyoudrawapicturewithcrayonsandcoverupthatpicturewithpaint?Now

followthestepsbelowtofindouttheanswer.

Whatyouneed

*crayonsofdifferentcolours

*drawingpaper

*blueposterpaint

*asmallbowl

*acupfilledwithwater

*apaintbrush

Howtodoit

Step1Thinkaboutasceneundertheseawithdifferent-colouredfishandseaplants.And

thendrawthefishandseaplantswithyourcrayons.Themorecoloursyouuse,thebetteryour

picturewillbe.

Step2Pouralittlebluepaintintothebowl.Addabitofwaterandstir(搅拌)tomakeyour

paintalittlethinner.

Step3Dipyourbrushintothebluepaintinthebowl.Coveryourwholepicturewiththe

bluepaint.Whathappens?Youhaveseaplantsandanimalslivinginabluesea!

WhyithappensYourcrayonsaremadeofwax(蜡).Waxresists,orstaysawayfromthe

paint.That’swhyitdoesnotcoverthepicture.Soyourseaplantsandfisharestillthere.

1．WhichtoolisneededforStep1?

A．Apaintbrush.B．Differentcrayons.

C．Asmallbowl.D．Somebluepaint.

2．WhichpictureshowswhatyoudoinStep2?

A．B．C．D．

3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastpartmean?

A．Paper.B．Water.C．Thebowl.D．Thepaint.

【答案】1．B2．C3．D

【导语】本文介绍了一个科学小实验：用不同颜色蜡笔画海底场景，再用稀释的蓝色颜料覆盖画面，由于

蜡排斥颜料，蜡笔画的图案不会被覆盖，最终呈现“蓝色大海中的生物”效果。核心是指导读者完成实验并

理解实验背后“蜡与颜料相互排斥”的原理。

1．细节理解题。根据“Step1”下面的“Andthendrawthefishandseaplantswithyourcrayons.”可知，需要用到

的是不同颜色的蜡笔。故选B。

2．细节理解题。根据“Step2Pouralittlebluepaintintothebowl.Addabitofwaterandstir(搅拌)tomakeyour

paintalittlethinner.”可知，第二步是“将蓝色颜料和水倒入碗中并搅拌”，选项C图描述内容符合题意。故选

C。

3．词句猜测题。根据“Yourcrayonsaremadeofwax.Waxresists,orstaysawayfromthepaint.That’swhyitdoes

notcoverthepicture.”可知，颜料因为被蜡排斥而无法覆盖蜡笔画的内容，因此“it”指代的是“thepaint”。故

选D。

Passage2（2025·江苏淮安·中考真题）

Ifyousearchforplacesofbeauty,wetlandsprobablywon’tbehighonyourlist.Wetlandsareareasofland

thatareoftencompletelywetwithwater.Althoughtheymightnotlookverypretty,therolesthattheyplayinnature

mightgobeyondmanypeople’simagination.

Wetlandsappearnaturallyinalmosteverypartoftheworld.Therearemanydifferenttypesofwetlandson

Earth.Alongwithrainforests,theyareamongthemostdiverse(多样的)placesonEarth.Besidesnaturalwetlands,

humansarealsocreatingman-madeonesforanumberofpurposesaboutwatermanagement.

Oneofthemainadvantagesofwetlandsisthattheycanpreventfloods.Theydosobystoringwaterfora

certaintimeandthenslowlyreleasing(释放)itovertime.Wetlandsoperatesimilarlytoasponge(海绵).Whenit

rainsheavilyandwaterlevelsrise,theytakeintheextrawaterwhichmaycausefloods.Thispreventswaterfrom

enteringriversandstreams.Then,whenwaterlevelsbecomelowlater,theywillreleaseit.Inmanycases,wetlands

offeramuchmorenaturalwaythandams(坝).However,it’simportanttonotethatwetlands,likedams,don’tstop

alldangersfromflooding.Oncethereisaveryheavyrainfall,wetlandsmayfillupandanyextrawaterwillstartto

runoff.

Wetlandsalsoplayapartincleaningwater.Farmingactionsandcitywastearemaincausesofwater

pollution.Wetlandsincludeplantsandorganismsthatcanreducethispollutionbyclearingoutunwantedthings.

Wetlandshaveotheradvantagesfortheenvironmentaswell.Theycanhelptofeednearbyfishpopulationsby

releasingsomethingthatcanbeusedasfoodforthemintorivers.Also,manyanimalslikefrogsusewetlandsas

baby-raisinggroundsbecausetheyprovidetheplaceforcatchingfoodandthewaterrequired.Somebirdsalso

cometothewetlandsforfoodandshelter.Althoughwetlandsmaynotlookpretty,it’sclearthattheyareabletodo

theimportantworkwhichisnecessarytomakesurethatthecircleofliferemainsunbroken.

4．Whydoesthewritermention“sponge”inParagraph3?

A．Toexplaintheflood-preventingworkofwetlands.

B．Todescribethesponge’sfeatureofstoringwater.

C．Toshowthewetlandscantakeinwaterquicklylikeasponge.

D．Tocomparethesimilarpointsbetweenwetlandsandasponge.

5．Whatcanwelearnaboutwetlandsfromthepassage?

A．Peoplecreateman-madewetlandstodealwithwater.

B．Peoplepraisewetlandsfornaturalbeauty.

C．Wetlandscansolvethepollutionproblems.

D．Wetlandscancompletelypreventthedangerscausedbyfloods.

6．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A．Wetlands—CircleofLife

B．Wetlands—HomeofLivingThings

C．Wetlands—FriendofEarth

D．Wetlands—CleanerofEnvironment

【答案】4．A5．A6．C

【导语】本文主要介绍了湿地看似不美观，但分布广泛、类型多样，还具备防洪、净化水质、助力生物生

存等重要作用，对维系生命循环具有重要意义。

4．细节理解题。根据第三段“Whenitrainsheavilyandwaterlevelsrise,theytakeintheextrawaterwhichmay

causefloods.Thispreventswaterfromenteringriversandstreams.”可知当暴雨倾盆、水位上涨时，它们会吸纳

多余的水分，从而避免洪水泛滥。这能防止水流入江河溪流。用海绵的例子来解释了湿地的防洪作用。故

选A。

5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Besidesnaturalwetlands,humansarealsocreatingman-madeonesforanumberof

purposesaboutwatermanagement.”可知，除了天然湿地，人类还出于多种水资源管理的目的建造人工湿地。

故选A。

6．最佳标题题。通读全文并根据“Althoughtheymightnotlookverypretty,therolesthattheyplayinnaturemight

gobeyondmanypeople’simagination.”可知，文章强调了湿地的多个重要功能：防洪、净化水质、支撑生物

生存以及维持生态循环，选项C“湿地——地球之友”符合题意。故选C。

Passage3（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）

BrazilianartistVikMunizuseseverydayobjectsinunusualways.Throughhisart,Munizmakespeoplethink

differentlyabouttheireverydaylives-eventheirownrubbish.

In2007,Munizworkedonatwo-yearprojectatoneoftheworld’slargestlandfills.Untilitsclosurein2012,

JardimGramachoreceivedabout70percentoftherubbishfromRiodeJaneiro.About3,000rubbishpickers,

knownascatadores,workedthere.Theirjobwastohuntthroughtherubbishforrecyclablecans,bottles,andother

materials.Theythenmademoneybysellingtheobjectstorecyclingcompanies.

Thecatadores’workwasdirtyanddangerous,andmostofthemonlyreceivedbetween$20and$25aday.

Despitethehardconditions,manycatadoreswereproudoftheirwork.ValterDosSantos,aworkeratJardim

Gramachoformorethan25years,toldMuniz,“Iamproudtobeapicker.Itrytoexplaintopeoplethatrecycling

preventsgreatharmtonatureandtheenvironment.Peoplesometimessay,‘Butonesinglesodacan?’Onesingle

canisofgreatimportance!Thatsinglecanwillmakethedifference.”

MunizbecamefriendswithDosSantosandothercatadores.Theyallowedhimtotaketheirphotographsat

thelandfill,wheretheyposedforartisticportraits.Forexample,Munizphotographedalandfillworkerinthestyle

ofafamousFrenchpainting.TheworkersthenhelpedMunizcreatehugeimagesofthesephotosonthefloorofhis

workshop.Theyusedmaterialsfromthelandfilltoaddcoloranddepthtotheimages.

________Munizsayshewantedto“changethelivesofpeoplewiththesamematerialstheydealwithevery

day.”AphotographofhisrecreationoftheFrenchpaintingsoldfor£28,000($50,000)ataLondonartauction.

Munizgavethemoneytothecatadoresworkers’organization.

In2010,amoviecalledWasteLandwasmadeaboutMuniz’sproject.Thefilmreceivedmanyawardsand

helpedmakepeopleawareoftherubbishcollectors’lives.Thecatadoresalsobegantoseethemselvesdifferently.

“Sometimesweseeourselvesassosmall,”saysIrma,acookatGramacho,“butpeopleoutthereseeusassobig,

sobeautiful.”

7．WhydidthewritermentionValterDosSantos?

A．Totellthestoryofacatador’slife.B．Todescribethecatadores’hardconditions.

C．Toshowthevalueofacatador’swork.D．Togiveanexampleofsuccessfulcatadores.

8．WhatcanwelearnaboutMuniz’sphotographs?

A．Theywerealltakenatthelandfill.B．Hespentalongtimeoneachofthem.

C．Theywereonlypartofhisunusualcreation.D．Hetooktheminthestyleoffamouspaintings.

9．Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitablefor________?

A．Whytakesuchphotosofthesecatadores?B．Whycreatesuchhugeimagesusingrubbish?

C．Howtohelpthesepeopleinacreativeway?D．Howtoturneverydayobjectsintoartpieces?

10．Whichofthefollowingshowstherightorderofthethingsthathappened?

a.AmoviewasmadeaboutMuniz’sproject.b.Gramachostoppedreceivingrubbish.

c.DosSantosstartedworkingatGramacho.d.Munizmadefriendswithsomecatadores.

A．d-c-b-a.B．c-d-b-a.C．d-c-a-b.D．c-d-a-b.

【答案】7．C8．C9．B10．D

【导语】本文主要介绍了巴西艺术家VikMuniz通过使用垃圾填埋场的日常物品创作艺术，改变人们对垃圾

和垃圾收集者生活的看法，并与垃圾收集者合作完成艺术项目的过程。

7．细节理解题。根据第三段ValterDosSantos的话“Iamproudtobeapicker…Thatsinglecanwillmakethe

difference”可知，作者提到他是为了展示垃圾收集者工作的价值。故选C。

8．细节理解题。根据第四段“MunizphotographedalandfillworkerinthestyleofafamousFrench

painting…Theyusedmaterialsfromthelandfilltocreatehugeimages”可知，这些照片只是他非常规创作的一部

分。故选C。

9．推理判断题。根据空缺后Muniz的话“changethelivesofpeoplewiththesamematerialstheydealwithevery

day”可知，此处应解释用垃圾创作巨型图像的原因。故选B。

10．细节理解题。根据原文信息：c（DosSantos工作25年，早于2007年项目）→d（2007年Muniz与收

集者成为朋友）→a（2010年电影上映）→b（2012年填埋场关闭）。故选D。

Passage4（2025·江苏南通·中考真题）

Sportsmighthavestartedasawaytosurvive.Longago,peopleran,jumped,andclimbedtostayalive.

Hunterswereknownfortheirspecialskills.Wallpaintingsfromcenturiesago,showingactivitieslikewrestlingor

dancing,werefoundinanEgyptiantomb.TheancientGreeksmadeabigchangebyholdingthefirstOlympic

Games.

ModernsportsbeganinEnglandintheearly19thcenturyandthenspreadglobally.Thesebecamethe

modelsforsportssuchasfootballthatweplaynow.

Sportscomeinmanyshapesandsizes.Organizedsports,whetherswimmingoricehockey,areseriousforms

ofplay.Therearerulestoobey,skillsandpositionstolearn,andplanstocarryout.Teamsportslikesoccerrequire

youtoworkwithteammates,whileindividual(个人的)sportssuchastennisfocusonyourpersonalperformance.

There’snodoubtthatsportsarevaluable.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricssaysplayisimportantfor

kids’andteens’thinking,bodies,sociallivesandfeelings.Sportsexerciseourbodiesandteachusaboutourselves

andourworld.Organizedsportsgetususingourbodiesandminds,whichmakesusmoreimaginative,curious,and

creative.Theskillswelearncanhelpusinschoolandlateratwork.

Inanidealworld,sportswouldalwaysbefun.Butinreality,sportscancausephysicalhurtlikebroken

bones,andalsoharminmind.Inteamsports,misunderstandingsandhurtfeelingsarepartofthelearningprocess.

Sportsaresupposedtobringpeopletogether,buttheycanalsodrivepeopleapart.Butevenwhenthey’renot

alwaysacheerfulexperience,theyshowushowtofacelife’schallenges.

Youdon’thavetobeonaschoolteam.Butmany,likeschoolcoaches,havefoundwaystomakeplaytheir

work,whichmakesthemfeelwhole.

There’snobetterplacetoplayandlearnabouttheworldthanonasportsfield.Nomatterwhatsportyou

choose,thekeyistoplayforfun.Whenyoudo,you’realreadyawinner.

11．Inwhichpartofanewspapercanweprobablyreadthispassage?

A．Travel.B．Nature.C．Technology.D．Entertainment.

12．Whyisplayimportantforteenagersaccordingtothepassage?

A．Itreducestheirphysicalhurteasily.B．Itimprovestheirmindandbodyhealth.

C．Ithelpsthemhavemoretimeforsleep.D．Itteachesthemhowtowincompetitions.

13．Whichofthefollowingisthewriter’sopinion?

A．Peopleshouldtrytobecomeafamousathlete.

B．Peoplecanplaymainlyforfunandenjoyment.

C．Tryingteamsportsisbetterthanindividualones.

D．Avoidingsportsthatcausehurtisthebestchoice.

14．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．TheStylesofSportsB．TheHistoryofSports

C．TheCharmofSportsD．TheChallengesofSports

【答案】11．D12．B13．B14．C

【导语】本文主要介绍了体育运动的起源、发展、类型、价值以及其带来的利弊，强调无论选择何种运动，

关键是享受乐趣。

11．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了体育运动的起源、发展、类型、价值以及其带来的利弊，属于娱乐休闲

范畴，故最有可能出现在报纸的娱乐版块。故选D。

12．细节理解题。根据“TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricssaysplayisimportantforkids’andteens’thinking,

bodies,sociallivesandfeelings.Sportsexerciseourbodiesandteachusaboutourselvesandourworld”可知，玩耍

对青少年的思维、身体、社交生活和情感都很重要，体育运动能锻炼我们的身体，让我们了解自己和世界，

即玩耍能改善青少年的身心健康。故选B。

13．推理判断题。根据“Nomatterwhatsportyouchoose,thekeyistoplayforfun.Whenyoudo,you’realreadya

winner.”可知，无论选择什么运动，关键是享受乐趣，当你这样做的时候，你已经是赢家了，由此可推测出

作者认为人们可以主要是为了乐趣和享受而运动。故选B。

14．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了体育运动的起源、发展、类型、价值以及其带来的利弊，强调无论选择

何种运动，关键是享受乐趣，以选项C“运动的魅力”为标题最合适。故选C。

Passage5（2025·江苏南通·中考真题）

①Doyousometimesfeeltooafraidtotrynewthings?Ifyouwanttogrowandgetbetter,youneedtotake

risksandchallengeyourself.Butyourbrainoftentellsyoutostaysafe.Itmightsay,“Don’tbothertrying

somethingnew.”Evenwhenthesethoughtsaren’treasonable,ouranxiety(担心)canstillwin.Insteadofthinking

aboutthegoodthingsthatcouldhappen,weworrymoreabout“Whatifsomethinggoeswrong?”

②Avoidingallrisksmightseemsmart,butitcanmakeyoufeelunhappy.Theproblemisthatweoftenmake

decisionsbasedonfeelings,notfacts.Wethink,“ThemorescaredIfeel,theriskieritis.”Butfeelingsaren’t

alwaysreasonable.Ifweknewhowtothinkaboutrisksclearly,we’dknowwhichrisksareworthtaking.For

example,tryinganewhobbylikepaintingmightfeelscaryatfirst,butitcouldbringyoujoyandnewskills.

③Whetheryou’reafraidtochangeyourjobortoonervoustoaskafriendforcoffee,learningtotake“good

risks”canimproveyourlife.Herearegoodwaystohelp.

④Balancefeelingswithfacts.Manytimes,wethinkfearmeanssomethingrisky.Butthat’snottrue.For

example,drivingacarfeelssafebecausewedoiteveryday,butgivingaspeechinpublicmightmakeyourheart

beatfast.Yetthefactshowsthatcaraccidentsaremuchmorecommonthangettinghurtwhilespeaking!Sobefore

youavoiddoingsomethingscary,takethreedeepbreathsandaskyourself,“What’stherealriskhere?”

⑤Takestepstosucceed.Youcandomanysmallthingstolowerrisks.Ifyou’renervousaboutatest,makea

studyplanandrevieweachday—thishelpsyoufeelmoreprepared.It’sokaytofeelbutterfliesinyourstomach

whenyoutrysomethingnew.Facingfearhelpsbuildyourmentalmuscle,justlikeexercisingbuildsphysical

muscle.So,takingsmartriskshelpsyoubecomementallystronger.Eachtimeyoutrysomethingscary,youwill

learntodealwithuncertaintyandanxiety.You’llalsogetnewskillsandgrowfrommistakes.Ifyoutryoutfora

danceteamanddon’tmakeit,youcanaskforthereasonandthenpractisemore.Withpractice,you’llgetbetterat

facingrisks,andyourchancesofsuccesswillrise.

15．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?

A．Avoidingrisksisasmartwaytostayhappy.

B．Takingrisksrequiresustotrustourfeelings.

C．Ourbrainoftentellsustofacechallengesbravely.

D．Ourfeelingsofteninfluenceustomakedecisions.

16．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“buildyourmentalmuscle”meaninthelastparagraph?

A．Developstrengthinyourmind.B．Exerciseyourbodytostayhealthy.

C．Thinkmainlyaboutcheerfulthings.D．Avoidsituationsthatmakeyouafraid.

17．Whatisthestructureofthispassage?(①=Paragraph1,②=Paragraph2...)

A．B．C．D．

18．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A．Takingsmartriskscanpushusforward.

B．Tryingmanysmallthingscanreducerisks.

C．Learningclearlyaboutrealriskscanhelpalot.

D．Practisingmorecanhelpdealwithrisksbetter.

【答案】15．D16．A17．C18．A

【导语】本文主要探讨了如何通过理性评估风险、克服恐惧心理，并采取“明智的风险”来促进个人成长和

生活改善。

15．推理判断题。根据“Theproblemisthatweoftenmakedecisionsbasedonfeelings,notfacts.”可知，我们的

决策常常受情感影响。故选D。

16．词句猜测题。根据“Facingfearhelpsbuildyourmentalmuscle,justlikeexercisingbuildsphysicalmuscle.So,

takingsmartriskshelpsyoubecomementallystronger.”可知，面对恐惧有助于锻炼你的“精神肌肉”，就像锻炼

身体肌肉一样，因此明智地冒险可以帮助你在精神上变得更强大。此处的划线部分指“增强心理力量”。故

选A。

17．篇章结构题。①段提出问题（恐惧阻碍尝试新事物）；②段分析问题（情感驱动的风险规避）；③段

过渡（提出“goodrisks”概念）；④⑤段分别给出具体方法（平衡情感与事实/分步骤行动）。结构为：

①/②/③/④⑤，故选C。

18．主旨大意题。根据“learningtotake‘goodrisks’canimproveyourlife”以及通读全文可知，本文主要探讨

了如何通过理性评估风险、克服恐惧心理，并采取“明智的风险”来促进个人成长和生活改善。文章围绕“明

智冒险”展开，故选A。

Passage6（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）

Forthosewhoseheartsoftengooffbeat,pacemakers(心脏起搏器)arelifesavers.Byprovidingasmall

electricalsupportattherightmoment,theycankeepaheartworkingproperly.

Theirmainproblemisthattheyusebatteries.Eventhebestofthemwillrunoutofenergy,andchangingthe

batteriesrequiresoperations.Sinceoperationsareusuallybestavoided,thesearchhasbeenonforlong-lasting

batteries.Differentchoiceshavebeenexploredforalongtime.Today,pacemakerswithlithium(锂)batterieslast

between5and15years.

ZhangHao,fromShanghaiSecondMilitaryMedicalUniversity,andYangBin,fromShanghaiJiaoTong

University,triedawaytorefillapacemaker’sbatterywithelectricity(电)bygettingenergyfrominsidethebody.

TheyreportinthemagazineACSNanothattheyhavealsousedtheheartmuscle(肌肉)itselftowork.Earlier

effortsbyotherscientiststouseheartmusclepowertorunpacemakersdependonpiezoelectricmaterials(压电材

料).Thesematerialscanbeconnectedtoabeatingheartandproduceelectricitywhentheyareslightlydeformed

(弯曲).Thishasworked,butnotwellenough:theoutputhasrarelybeenover5microwatts(微瓦),whilemost

pacemakersrequireatleastten.

DrZhangandDrYangbelievedthattheycouldimprovemattersbymakingtheirpiezoelectricmaterials

moredramaticallydeformed,andthenproduce15microwatts,becausethemoredeformed,themoreelectricitywill

beproduced.Theyputtheirideatothetestina50kgpig.Itmadeenoughelectricityforthepacemakertoworkas

expected.

Whethersuchanideawillpasshumantestsremainstobeseen.Butifitdoes,thedaysofpacemakersthat

needbatterychangesthroughoperationsmaynotlastlong.

19．Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,whatisaproblemwithpacemakers?

A．Theyoftengooffbeat.

B．Theirenergycanbeusedup.

C．Operationsofteninfluencethem.

D．Theysometimesdoharmtohearts.

20．Fromthispassage,whatdoweknowaboutpiezoelectricmaterials?

A．Theycanbeusedtoproduceelectricity.

B．Theycandeformthehearttomakeitbeatfaster.

C．TheywerefirstusedbyZhangHaoandYangBin.

D．Theywereprovedtoproduce15microwattsinhumantests.

21．Whatdoestheword“dramatically”inthe4thparagraphmostprobablymean?

A．Comfortably.B．Safely.C．Greatly.D．Rapidly.

22．Whatisthebesttitleforthisarticle?

A．NoNeedtoUsePacemakers

B．TheProblemwithPiezoelectricMaterials

C．TheContributionofChineseScientiststoHeartOperations

D．ChineseScientistsFoundaNewWaytoImprovePacemakers

【答案】19．B20．A21．C22．D

【导语】本文主要介绍中国科学家发现了一种改进心脏起搏器的新方法。

19．细节理解题。根据“Theirmainproblemisthattheyusebatteries.Eventhebestofthemwillrunoutofenergy,

andchangingthebatteriesrequiresoperations.”可知，心脏起搏器的问题是电池会耗尽电量，故选B。

20．细节理解题。根据“Thesematerialscanbeconnectedtoabeatingheartandproduceelectricitywhentheyare

slightlydeformed(弯曲).”可知，这些材料在轻微弯曲时，能够与跳动的心脏相连并产生电能，所以压电材料

可以被用来发电。故选A。

21．词句猜测题。根据“becausethemoredeformed,themoreelectricitywillbeproduced”可知，因为变形程度

越大，产生的电量就越多；可推测出“dramatically”意为“显著地”，与“greatly”意思相近。故选C。

22．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍中国科学家发现了一种改进心脏起搏器的新方法，D选项为最佳标题。故

选D。

Passage7（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）

Citizenscienceiswhenpublicvolunteerstakepartinscientificprojectsbycollectinginformationor

monitoring(监测)possibleproblemsandthenreporttheirfindingsbacktoresearchgroups.Thismethodis

meaningfulbecauseitallowsscientiststogetlotsofinformationandbetterunderstandanimals,natureandmore.

Asateenagerstudent,youcanjoinindifferentkindsofsuchprojects.Belowaresomegreatideasyoucan

consider.

Watchfrogs(青蛙)

JoinFrogWatchtohelpmonitorwetlandfrogpopulations.Youreffortswillhelpscientistscheckpopulations

anddetectanyrareoralienkindsearly.Learnmoreat.

Watchstars

TheonlineGalaxyZooprojectletsyoulookatspacephotosandputthemintodifferentgroupsbyshapeso

thatscientistscanlearnmoreaboutwhatisinouterspace—andyoudon’tevenneedatelescope(望远镜)!Visit

tofindoutmore.

Countbirds

JointheSummerBirdCountfromJuly20toAugust10.Manycitizenscientistswillgettogetherandcount

allthebirdstheyseetohelpscientistslearnmoreabouthowbirdstravel.Visittogetmore

information.

Takewatersamples(样本)

VisittoorderalessonthatwillteachyouhowtotestwaterforpH,temperatureand

freshness.Enteryourresultsontheirwebsitetohelpscientistsbetterunderstandthestateoftheworld’swater.

23．Whydoyoujoinacitizenscienceproject?

A．Tomakemoney.B．Tobecomeascientist.

C．Tohelpwithscienceresearch.D．Totrainothersonscientificknowledge.

24．Whatshouldyoupayattentiontowhenyouwatchstars?

A．Size.B．Shape.C．Number.D．Quality.

25．Ifyouareinterestedinchemistry,youcanvisit________.

A．B．

C．D．

【答案】23．C24．B25．D

【导语】本文就参加公民科学给出一些建议。

23．细节理解题。根据“Thismethodismeaningfulbecauseitallowsscientiststogetlotsofinformationandbetter

understandanimals,natureandmore.”可知，这种方法具有重要意义，因为它能让科学家们获取大量信息，并

更好地了解动物、自然等事物。故选C。

24．细节理解题。根据“TheonlineGalaxyZooprojectletsyoulookatspacephotosandputthemintodifferent

groupsbyshape”可知，根据形状将它们分类到不同的组别中，所以志愿者需要注意星星的形状。故选B。

25．推理判断题。根据“VisittoorderalessonthatwillteachyouhowtotestwaterforpH,

temperatureandfreshness.”可知，如果对化学感兴趣，可以访问网站。故选D。

Passage8（2025·江苏徐州·中考真题）

OnaMondaymorninginAmsterdam,theworkdaybeganasusualforJim.Whenfinishinghiscoffee,Jim

checkedtextmessagesonhisphone.Then,hegothisbagandwenttothenearestrailwaystation.Hewasn’tthere

totakethetrain,though.Instead,Jimchoseoneofthepublicbicycleslinedupoutsidethestation.Afterunlocking

abikewithasmartcard,hesetoutforhisjobontheothersideofthecity.Hejoinedothercyclistsinthebikelanes

(道),safelyseparatedfromcartraffic.

Amsterdamwasn’talwaysbicyclefriendly.Infact,cyclingusedtobedangerous,especiallyduringthe

secondhalfofthetwentiethcentury.ThiswasatimeofrapidgrowthinAmsterdam.Aspeoplegotricher,they

wereabletoaffordexpensivegoodssuchascars.Forthefirsttime,drivingbecamepopular.Highwayswerebuilt

forcars.Thismeanttherewaslessspaceforcyclists.Havinghadalongtraditionofcycling,thiswasabigchange

forthecity.Ascartrafficincreased,sodidthenumberofbikingaccidents.Manyofthecyclistswerechildren.

PeopleinAmsterdamwereangry.Theyorganizedprotests(抗议)inthecitystreets.Governmentofficers

listened.Hopingtosolvetheproblemquickly,theystartedtothinkofwaystomakethecitysafeforcyclistsagain.

Soontherewereseparatebikelanes,andsomeareaswereclosedtocarsforever.Thechangesweresoeffective(有

效的)thattodayAmsterdamisamodelofbikingsafetyforothercitiesaroundtheworld.

26．Howdoesthewriterstartthepassage?

A．Bycomparingtwoplaces.B．Bydescribingascene.

C．Byansweringaquestion.D．Bylistinganumber.

27．WhydidJimgotothenearestrailwaystationonworkdaymorning?

A．Toworkthere.B．Totakethetrain.C．Toseeafriend.D．Torideabike.

28．WhatdoesthepassagetellaboutAmsterdam?

A．Ithasnohighwaysforcars.B．Itisalwaysbicyclefriendly.

C．Itseldomseeschanges.D．Itisfamousforbikingsafety.

29．Whattypeofbookisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?

A．Sciencefiction.B．Romanticnovel.C．Cityculture.D．Detectivestory.

【答案】26．B27．D28．D29．C

【导语】本文主要介绍了阿姆斯特丹这座城市中自行车文化的发展变化。

26．细节理解题。根据“OnaMondaymorninginAmsterdam,theworkdaybeganasusualforJim.Whenfinishing

hiscoffee,Jimcheckedtextmessagesonhisphone.Then,hegothisbagandwenttothenearestrailwaystation.”

可知，作者是通过描述一个场景来开始这篇文章的。故选B。

27．细节理解题。根据“Hewasn’ttheretotakethetrain,though.Instead,Jimchoseoneofthepublicbicycleslined

upoutsidethestation.Afterunlockingabikewithasmartcard,hesetoutforhisjobontheothersideofthecity.”

可知，吉姆去最近的火车站不是为了坐火车，而是为了骑公共自行车去城市另一边工作。故选D。

28．细节理解题。根据“Thechangesweresoeffective(有效的)thattodayAmsterdamisamodelofbikingsafety

forothercitiesaroundtheworld.”可知，阿姆斯特丹如今是世界其他城市自行车安全方面的典范，即它以自行

车安全而闻名。故选D。

29．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了城市中自行车文化的发展变化，因此这篇文章可能摘自“城

市文化”这类的书，故选C。

Passage9（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）

Wheredoesthewaterinourhomescomefrom?Howdopeoplechangeseawaterintofreshwater?How

doeswatercomeintoourhomes?Thispassagewillanswerthesequestions.

Inmostplaces,peoplegettheirwaterfromlakesandrivers.Thewaterisusuallyseenallyearround.In

someplaces,peoplegettheirwaterfromunder