浙江省杭州及周边2025-2026学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

2025学年第一学期期中杭州地区（含周边）重点中学高二年级英语学科试题考生须知：1．本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟；2．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3．所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效；4．考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。第I卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15．B．£9.18．C．£9.15．答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Selectingacupboard. B.Sortingouttheclothes. C.Tidyingupthestoreroom.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Therearesomanyoptions.Ican’tdecidewhichonetobuy.W:Howaboutthisonewiththedeepdrawers?You’llhavealotofstoragespace.M:I’mworriedit’llbehardtoreachthebottomclothes.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heishighlyfocused.B.Heispooratmultitasking.C.HeiseasilybotheredbytheTV.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Idon’tknowhowyoucanstudywhiletheTVison.M:Idon’tevennoticeit.It’sjustbackground.W:Itbothersme.ButI’mterribleatmultitaskinganyway.Icanonlydoonethingatatime.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Printnewspapersaremorereliable.B.Peopleshouldprotecttheireyesight.C.Digitalnewshasbeeverypopular.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Nowadays,nobodyreallyreadsprintnewspapersanymore.M:Exactly.It’sallaboutdigitalnewsnow—everyone’sjustgluedtotheirphones.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Inataxi. B.Inagiftshop. C.Inarestaurant.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:We’restuckinatrafficjam.W:Let’sjustpayandwalktherestofthewaytotherestaurant.Atleastwe’llbemoving.M:Don’tforgettograbthegiftforAnne.5.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthemanplain?A.Hemetanunprofessionalworker.B.Hegottheinaccurateinformation.C.Hedidn’tgetareplytohismessage.【答案】B【解析】【原文】a.m.calledlastnightandtherewasarecordedmessagethatsaidyourshopopensat6a.m.W:I’mverysorrythathappened,butourhoursarefrom8a.m.to11p.m.everyday.M:Well,that’sprettyunprofessional.第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhatcanwelearnaboutthemanandSam?A.Theygetalongwell.BTheywilldoaprojecttogether.C.Theyhavetroubleworkingtogether.7.WhatdoesthemanthinkofSam?A.Heismean. B.Heisdirect. C.Heisfriendly.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:I’mgoingtobeworkingonagroupprojectwithSamFisher.M:I’msureyou’lllearnalotfromhim.W:What?Ithoughtyouguyshadtroubleworkingtogether.M:Oh,Iknowwhatyoumean.Yeah,wehadaconflictwhenwefirststarted,butwegotoverit.Sam’sjustverystraightforward,youknowwhatImean?W:Okay.Imean,I’mnotlookingtobehisfriend.M:Don’tgetmewrong.Ilikehim.He’sjust,youknow,straighttothepoint.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhydoesJackmakethecall?A.Tokeepanappointment.B.Toconfirmanappointment.C.Torescheduleanappointment.9.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.TreatJackherself. B.Takealunchbreak. C.TellDr.Leetheemergency.【答案】8.C9.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,thisisJackTaylor.I’msorrytocallonsuchshortnotice,butoneofmyfillingsjustcameoutandI’minabitofpain.IhaveanappointmentwithDr.LeethisSaturday,butcouldIpossiblyeintoday?W:Oh,I’msorrytohearthat.He’sprettybookedup,butforsomethinglikethis,I’msurehe’llbewillingtotakeashortlunchbreak.Howabout1:00?M:Thatwouldbeperfect,thankyou.I’mreallysorryfortheinconvenience,butIcan’tcheworeatanything.W:Oh,don’tworryaboutit.Thissortofthinghappens.LetmecheckwithDr.Lee,andwe’lltakecareofittoday.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhatistherelationshipbetweenJaniceandMr.Franks?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Deliverymanandcustomer.C.Salesrepresentativeandcustomer.11.WhatproblemdidMr.Franksbringup?A.Alatedelivery. B.Amistakenorder. C.Anoverduepayment.12.WhodidJanicecontacttoday?A.AnITtechnician. B.Mr.Franks. C.Herworkmate.【答案】10.C11.A12.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,thisisJaniceAndersoncalling.MayIspeaktoMr.Franks,please?M:I’mafraidMrFranksisoutoftheofficeatthemoment.Wouldyoulikemetotakeamessage?W:Uhm...actually,thiscallisratherurgent.WespokeyesterdayaboutadeliveryproblemthatMr.Franksmentioned.Didheleaveanyinformationwithyou?M:Yes,hedid.Hesaidthatasalesrepresentativefromyourpanymightbecalling.Healsoaskedmetoaskyouafewquestions.W:Great,I’dlovetoseethisproblemresolvedasquicklyaspossible.M:Well,wedidpayfortheputers,buttheshipmentexpectedlastTuesdayhasn’tarrivedyet.W:Yes,I’mterriblysorryaboutthat.Inthemeantime,I’vespokenwithourdeliverydepartmenttodayandtheyassuredmethattheputerswillbedeliveredbytomorrowmorning.M:Excellent,I’msureMr.Frankswillbepleasedtohearthat.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WhatdoesMaxthinkisthebestsolutiontohishomesickness?A.Keepinghimselfbusy.B.Goingbackhomeduringbreaks.C.Beingwithhisfamily’spany.14.WhatisMax’sopiniononfilmingunderwater?A.Easy. B.Stressful. C.Boring.15.Whatshouldanunderwaterfilmmakerbegoodat?A.Makingpredictions. B.Dealingwithemergencies. C.Handlingthepressure.16.WhatdoesMaxadviseawouldbefilmmakertodo?A.Investinthebestequipment.B.Practisemakingfilmsclosetohome.C.Traveltoaplacefarawaytomakeafilm.【答案】13.C14.A15.B16.B【解析】【原文】W:SoMax,asanunderwaterfilmmaker,youoftenspendmonthsfarfromhomefilming.Howisthat?M:IcanforgetaboutitondaysthatI’mreallybusy,buttherearen’tmanyofthoseonalongtrip.I’dliketoflybackduringshortbreaksinfilming,butwe’reoftentravelingtootherdestinationsthen.Theidealwouldbeformywifeandchildrentoewithme.I’msurethey’denjoyit.W:Arethereanyqualitieseverygoodunderwaterfilmmakershouldhave?M:Peoplewhodon’tdiveassumethatfilmingunderwaterisreallystressful,whereasIactuallyfeelasathomethereasIdoaboveit.Nature’sunpredictable,sothingsdon’toftengoaccordingtoplans.Anyoneworkinginmyfieldhastobegoodatsortingthesedifficultiesout,andquickly.W:Arethereanysuggestionsyou’dmaketopeoplewhowanttogetajoblikeyours?M:Yougetworkbycreatinggoodfilms.Themistakepeoplemakeistospendwhatevermoneytheyhavepayingforexpensivecamerasandaweekfilminginaremotelocation.Theyendupwithonefilm,whichmayormaynotbeanygood.Improvingyourabilitiesbyworkingonarangeofprojectsnearertowhereyouliveisamuchbetteridea.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhydoesDonwanttoattendthesale?A.Totrytohelpchildreninneed.B.Tocallfornatureconservation.C.Toattractattentiontohisdaughter’sillness.18.HowoldisJamesChangnow?A.56. B.65. C.69.19.Whosepicturesmightappealtoabstractartenthusiasts?A.DonStudley’s. B.NatalieStevens’s. C.JamesChang’s.20.WhataremostofNatalieStevens’sworksabout?A.Birds. B.People. C.Countries.【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.B【解析】【原文】M:Hereattheartsale,thereareworksofsomelocalartists.OneofthemisDonStudley,whohasaspecialinterestintheartsalebecausehisfiveyearolddaughterwasbornwithaseriousbackproblem.Afteranoperationearlierthisyear,she’snowdoingfine,butDonsayshewantstooffersomethingtohelpotherlessfortunatechildren.HispaintingspresentsomeofourNewZealandbirdsintheirnaturalhabitats.OnerelativenewertoNewZealandisJamesChang,whocameherefromSingaporenineyearsago.Attheageof56,MrChanghad13exhibitionsinSingaporerightbeforehecametolivehereinNewZealand.Hispaintingsarecertainlyworthlookingat—ifyoulikeabstractpictureswithstrongcolorbinations,you’lllovethem.NatalieStevenswasborninNewZealand,andhasexhibitedinChina,AustraliaandSpain.Mostofherworksfeaturelivelyfigures,sowatchout—someofthemmayevenbefriendsofyours.Well,that’sallIhavetimetotellyounow,buttherearemanyotherartistswhoseworkwillbeonsale,sodoealong.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节：（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ASanFranciscohabitatStewardshelprestoreandpreservethenaturalareasofFortFunston,LandsEnd,andthePresidioofSanFrancisco.habitatrestorationisaproactive(积极行动的),handsonwaytobreathenewlifeintodamagedecosystemsandpromoteenvironmentalhealthLearnabouttheplantsandanimalsfoundinourlocalstreams,dunes,grasslands,woodlands,andothernaturallandscapes.Activitiesoftenincludeweeding,planting,watering,debriscleanup,orspreadingmulch(护根).GroupsGroupsoffiveormorerequirespecialarrangementsandmustbeconfirmedinadvance.VisitourGroupsvolunteerpagetolearnmore.When:Thursdays,14pm;RegistrationRequired.Where:RotatingNationalParklandsinSanFrancisco,includingFortFunston,LandsEnd,CrissyFieldandotherPresidiosites.Specificmeetinglocationwillbelistedintheregistrationconfirmationemail.Age,Skills,WhattoBringVolunteersofallagesarewele.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyoungeryouth.BringyourpletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparentapprovalsectionsigned.We’llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Longpantsandclosedtoeshoesarerequired.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandraingearifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottleandsunscreen.Noexperienceisnecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfillmunityservicerequirements.21.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheSanFranciscohabitatStewardsprogram?A.Tohelpreconstructandprotectecosystems. B.Toteachpeopleaboutenvironmentalscience.C.Toorganizetouristactivitiesinnationalparks. D.ToprovidejobsforvolunteersinSanFrancisco.22.Whatcanwelearnaboutthevolunteeringactivity?A.Itisopenonlytogroups. B.Itisheldatvariousparksites.C.Itisorganizedindoorsonrainydays. D.Itisunavailableonweekdays.23.Whichofthefollowingisarequirementforvolunteersunder18?A.Theymusthavepreviousgardeningexperience.B.Theymustgetsignedpermissionfromparents.C.Theymustbeacpaniedbyafamilymember.D.Theymustwearclosedtoeshoesandshortpants.【答案】21.A22.B23.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍旧金山栖息地管理员项目的宗旨、志愿活动安排及对志愿者的要求。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“SanFranciscohabitatStewardshelprestoreandpreservethenaturalareasofFortFunston,LandsEnd,andthePresidioofSanFrancisco.Habitatrestorationisaproactive,handsonwaytobreathenewlifeintodamagedecosystemsandpromoteenvironmentalhealth.(旧金山栖息地管理员帮助修复和保护芬斯顿堡、LandsEnd和旧金山普雷西迪奥的自然区域。栖息地修复是一种积极主动、亲身实践的方式，为受损的生态系统注入新的活力，促进环境健康)”可知，该项目的主要目的是帮助重建和保护生态系统。故选A项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Where部分中的“RotatingNationalParklandsinSanFrancisco,includingFortFunston,LandsEnd,CrissyFieldandotherPresidiosites.(在旧金山的国家公园轮流举行，包括芬斯顿堡、LandsEnd、克里西菲尔德和其他普雷西迪奥遗址)”可知，志愿活动在多个公园地点举行。故选B项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Age,Skills,WhattoBring部分中的“Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparentapprovalsectionsigned.”(18岁以下的志愿者必须签署家长同意部分)”可知，18岁以下志愿者需获得家长的书面许可。故选B项。BWhilewalkingonthesidewalk,weoftenencountersmall,sharpstonesthatwemayjustkickaside.Yet,tostoneenthusiasts,theselittlerocksrevealafascinatingworld.JinHuilin,34,amemberoftheNanjingYuhuaStoneCulturalExchangeAssociationstartedobservingstonesattheageof23inNanjing,Jiangsu.HewasinstantlygrabbedbythebeautyofYuhuastones,describingthemas“exceptionallyenchanting”.NanjingYuhuastoneisatypeofornamentalwaterwornstonemainlyfoundinareaslikeNanjingandYizheng.Itisknownforitsjadeliketexture,brightcolors,delicatesize,andrichdesigns.WhenaYuhuastoneisdry,itappearsasnondescriptgrey,makingitdifficulttodetectitstruequality.JinandhisfriendsusedtogotominingsitesinLuhu,Nanjing,onrainydays,wearingrubbershoestocollectYuhuastones.Therainwaterbroughtoutdetailedpatternsonthestones.“Ifit’snotraining,it’sbesttocarryabottletospraythesurfaceofthesestoneswithwater.Youcansometimesuncoveragate(玛瑙)orevenfossils.”Jinsaid.AccordingtoJin,appreciatingstonesstartswiththeirexternalqualitiesliketexture,color,andpatterns.However,“genuineappreciationoftheculturalreferencesofthestonesrequiresculturalknowledge;otherwise,theymightseemlikemereblocksofcolor,”saidJin.Withrelatedculturalknowledgeandimagination,peopleseedifferentpatternsaccordingtothetexturesandshapesofstones—suchasweatherbeatentrees,loftypeaks,roaringwaterfalls,greenlotus,oragedscholars.“So,observingstonesis,inaway,observingoneself.Thestonesapersonchoosesastheirfavoritesultimatelyreflecttheirculturalawareness.”Jinadded.Apartfromwaterappreciationinwhichpeopleobservepatternsofstonesinthewater,Jinmentionedthatenthusiastsalsohaveotherwaystoappreciatestones.Hegavesomeexamples.“Somepeopleenjoyholdingstonesintheirhand,appreciatingtheiruniquetextures,orusingstronglighttorevealhiddenpatternsthatareevenmorebeautiful.Otherschoosetoplacethestoneonthedesk,invitingadmirationfromguestswhoappreciatethestonefromvariousangles.”saidJin.ForJin,stoneobservationbringsjoyandfreshnesstohislife.“Somepeopleliketohavelivelypetsaspanions,whileIpreferstonesfortheireverlastingnature.”Jinnoted.24.WhydidJinandhisfriendscollectstonesonrainydays?A.Becauserainwatermadethestoneseasiertocarry.B.Becausewetstonesweremorevaluableinthemarket.C.Becauserainydayspreventedothersfromcollectingstones.D.Becauserainwaterrevealedthehiddenpatternsofthestones.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nondescript”inparagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Plain. B.Shiny. C.Unique. D.Colorful.26.WhatdoesJinHuilinsuggestaboutstoneappreciation?A.Itessentiallyreliesontheobserver’sculturalperspectives.B.Itisideallyconductedamongenthusiastsonsocialoccasions.C.Itspeciallyfocusesonexaminingrocks’featuresonrainydays.D.Itgenerallyrequiresadvancedequipmenttoseetheirtruebeauty.27.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AMasterofStoneAppreciation B.Observingstones,ReflectingSelfC.TheArtofMakingYuhuastones D.Identifyingstones,AppreciatingNature【答案】24.D25.A26.A27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了南京雨花石爱好者金慧林的寻石、赏石经历，介绍了雨花石的特点、鉴赏方法及背后的文化内涵。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“JinandhisfriendsusedtogotominingsitesinLuhu,Nanjing,onrainydays,wearingrubbershoestocollectYuhuastones.Therainwaterbroughtoutdetailedpatternsonthestones.(金和他的朋友们过去常在雨天穿着胶鞋去南京陆湖的矿区收集雨花石。雨水使石头上的纹理更加清晰)”可知，雨水能显现石头上的细致纹路是金和他的朋友们在雨天收集石头的原因。故选D。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词nondescript前面的“WhenaYuhuastoneisdry(当雨花石干燥时)”和后面的“makingitdifficulttodetectitstruequality(这使得很难察觉其真正的品质)”可知，干燥时的石头难以察觉真实品质。划线词nondescript应含有“平淡的、没有特色的”之意。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“genuineappreciationoftheculturalreferencesofthestonesrequiresculturalknowledge;otherwise,theymightseemlikemereblocksofcolor,saidJin.Withrelatedculturalknowledgeandimagination,peopleseedifferentpatternsaccordingtothetexturesandshapesofstones—suchasweatherbeatentrees,loftypeaks,roaringwaterfalls,greenlotus,oragedscholars.So,observingstonesis,inaway,observingoneself.Thestonesapersonchoosesastheirfavoritesultimatelyreflecttheirculturalawareness.(金说，要真正欣赏石头所蕴含的文化内涵，需要具备文化知识；否则，它们可能看起来只是一块块彩色的石头。有了相关的文化知识和想象力，人们会根据石头的纹理和形状看到不同的图案，比如饱经风霜的树木、高耸的山峰、轰鸣的瀑布、绿色的莲花，或者年迈的学者。所以，赏石在某种程度上就是审视自己。一个人所钟爱的石头最终反映了他的文化意识)”可推知，金慧林强调真正的鉴赏需要文化知识，且喜欢的石头反映文化认知，即鉴赏本质依赖观察者的文化知识与认知。故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。本文的第五段是核心升华段，根据该段中的“So,observingstonesis,inaway,observingoneself.Thestonesapersonchoosesastheirfavoritesultimatelyreflecttheirculturalawareness.(所以，赏石在某种程度上就是审视自己。一个人所钟爱的石头最终反映了他的文化意识)”是主旨句，是作者通过雨花石爱好者金慧林的经历想传递的核心思想。由此可知，B项Observingstones,ReflectingSelf(观石见己)与之相吻合，可作本文标题。故选B。CSHOULDchimpanzeeshaverights?Whataboutelephants?Orants?Ormicroorganisms(微生物)?ThesequestionsareattheheartofTheMoralCircle,acrisplyarguedbookbyJeffSebo,whohasspentyearsarguingthatconsciousnessiswidespreadintheanimalkingdomandthatweshouldextendourmoralcircletoenpassmanymoretypesofcreaturethanwedoatpresent.Sebosetsouttodemonstratethatweshouldtakeanimalconsciousnessseriouslywhenwedecidehowtotreatothercreatures.Thescientificevidenceforanimalconsciousnessisgrowing,fromreportsofmonkeysanddolphinsapparentlycallingeachotherbyname,aswellasevidenceofvividdreamsinoctopuses.However,Sebo’saimisn’ttoconvinceusthatparticularspeciesareconscious.Hemakesapointthatisbothsimpleandprofound:waitingforabsolutecertaintyisamistake.Wecanneverbe100percentsureifanotherbeingisconscious.Butmostofusstillactasifotherpeopleareconsciousbeingswithfeelingsandrights.Rightnow,wearen’tentirelysurewhetherchimpsorelephantsareconsciousandweareveryuncertainaboutants—butinallthreecases,itisadistinctpossibility.Thatmeanswemusttreatthemwithsomedegreeofmoralconcern.Thisprobabilisticargumentisbothrefreshingandmonsensical.Itreflectsthetruthofourexperienceofanimals,anditencouragesadegreeofkindnessandconsiderationwithoutimposingdogmatic(武断的，自以为是的)standards.Seboisn’tsayingthatweshouldnecessarilytreatachimpanzeeoranantasequivalenttoahuman,butevenifwedon’t,thereisplentyofroomforustoextendthemmorecarethanwedoatthemoment.MyoneconcernisthatSebomaysimplybewritingatthewrongtime.Weliveinanagewheremanyofourleadersaretryingtotakerightsawayfrommanypeople,rangingfromtransgenderpeopleandmigrantstowomeninAfghanistan.Theprospectofextendingrightstoanimalslikechimpsandelephants,letalonesquidsandflies,seemsveryfaraway.Butperhapsitisintimeslikethesethatweneedcallsforwiderempathymostofall.28.WhatisthecentralthemeofJeffSebo’sbookTheMoralCircle?A.Thehistoryofanimalconsciousnessresearch.B.Thewidespreadconsciousnessofanimalrights.C.Theexpansionofthemoralconsiderationtomorecreatures.D.Theparisonofconsciousnessbetweenanimalandhuman.29.IfSebo’sargumentwerewidelyaccepted,whichofthefollowingwouldbealikelyresult?A.Thereductioninbiodiversity.B.Moreconcernsovernaturepreservation.C.Areevaluationofhumancenteredpolicies.D.Auniversalagreementontherightsofallspecies.30.Whatistheauthor’sworryaboutJeffSebo’sargument?A.Theproposalisshortsightedandimpractical.B.Peoplewouldnotconsideritworthwhiletodebate.C.Itistoughtoconductinsuchsociopoliticalclimate.D.Itisunnecessarygiventhecurrenthumanrightsissues.31.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.TointerpretthecorepointconveyedinTheMoralCircle.B.Topresentevidencethatallanimalspossessconsciousness.C.Tocriticizethecurrentpoliticalsystemsforneglectinghumanrights.D.Tohighlightrecentscientificdiscoveriesaboutanimalconsciousness.【答案】28.C29.C30.C31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕JeffSebo的著作《道德圈》，探讨应将道德关怀扩展到更多生物的核心观点及相关思考。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ThesequestionsareattheheartofTheMoralCircle,acrisplyarguedbookbyJeffSebo,whohasspentyearsarguingthatconsciousnessiswidespreadintheanimalkingdomandthatweshouldextendourmoralcircletoenpassmanymoretypesofcreaturethanwedoatpresent.(这些问题是JeffSebo的著作《道德圈》的核心。他多年来一直认为，意识在动物界普遍存在，我们应该扩大道德圈，将更多种类的生物纳入其中，而不仅仅是目前所涵盖的)”可知，该书的核心主题是将道德关怀扩展到更多生物。故选C项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Thatmeanswemusttreatthemwithsomedegreeofmoralconcern.(这意味着我们必须给予它们一定程度的道德关怀)”和第四段中的“Seboisn’tsayingthatweshouldnecessarilytreatachimpanzeeoranantasequivalenttoahuman,butevenifwedon’t,thereisplentyofroomforustoextendthemmorecarethanwedoatthemoment.(Sebo并不是说我们必须把黑猩猩或蚂蚁等同于人类，但即使不这样做，我们也有很大的空间给予它们比现在更多的关怀)”可知，Sebo的核心主张是将道德关怀扩展到更多生物，打破当前以人类为中心的道德边界。若该观点被广泛接受，人们会重新审视“人类优先”的现有逻辑，进而可能引发对人类中心主义政策的重新评估。故选C项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Weliveinanagewheremanyofourleadersaretryingtotakerightsawayfrommanypeople,rangingfromtransgenderpeopleandmigrantstowomeninAfghanistan.Theprospectofextendingrightstoanimalslikechimpsandelephants,letalonesquidsandflies,seemsveryfaraway.(我们生活在一个许多领导人试图剥夺许多人权利，从跨性别者、移民到阿富汗妇女，的时代。将权利扩展到黑猩猩和大象等动物身上的前景，更不用说鱿鱼和苍蝇了，似乎还很遥远)”可知，作者担心在当前的社会政治环境下，Sebo的主张难以推行。故选C项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“SHOULDchimpanzeeshaverights?Whataboutelephants?Orants?Ormicroorganisms(微生物)?ThesequestionsareattheheartofTheMoralCircle,acrisplyarguedbookbyJeffSebo,whohasspentyearsarguingthatconsciousnessiswidespreadintheanimalkingdomandthatweshouldextendourmoralcircletoenpassmanymoretypesofcreaturethanwedoatpresent.(黑猩猩应该有权利吗？大象呢？还是蚂蚁？还是微生物？这些问题是杰夫•塞博在《道德圈》一书中的核心内容。Sebo多年来一直在论证，意识在动物王国中是普遍存在的，我们应该扩大我们的道德圈，将更多种类的生物纳入其中)”可知，第一段引出《道德圈》的核心问题与作者观点，第二至四段阐释书中关键论证，第五段表达作者对该观点推行的担忧，整体围绕解读《道德圈》传达的核心观点展开。由此推知，作者写本文的目的是解读《道德圈》的核心观点。故选A项。DInatwistofmodernconsumerpsychology,wearenowfortableinjectingsynthetic(人工合成的)substancesintoourfaces,yetshyawayfromthethoughtofputtingtheminourmouths.Whileweembracesyntheticswhenitestobeauty,wecontinuetodrawthelineatourlunch.Alternativeproteins,fromplantbasedfakemeattolabgrownmeat,struggleforpublicacceptancedespiteclearbenefits,includingfarlowergreenhousegasemissionsandnoanimalwelfareissues.Oneexplanationforthisisourstrangeadmirationfor“natural”asshorthandforpurity,authenticityandsafety.Thispreferenceisknownasthe“naturalnessbias”inpsychologyanditunderlieswhywedrawbackfrom“syntheticmeat”evenwhenitislessriskythanindustrialfarming.Thispreferenceisn’tunreasonablesomuchasoldfashioned.Forearlyhumans,avoidingunfamiliarfoodwasasurvivaltool,asastrongdisgustresponseprotectedusagainsttakingpollutedfood.Butourinstinctshaven’tkeptpacewithinnovationandwhatisnowconsideredthe“natural”choicemaybetheonecarryingsignificantrisk.Ifwearetomeettheproteinneedsofaglobalpopulationapproaching10billionbymidcentury,foodinnovationisn’tachoice,butanecessity.Livestockfarming’slanduse,waterconsumptionandemissionsfootprintsareunsustainableatscale.Cultivatedmeatareviablealternatives,butconsumerscepticism,fuelledbyoutdatedbeliefs,isslowingtheiradoption.Onewayforwardistransparency(透明度):explainingalternativeproteinproductionprocessestoconsumersandlinkingthesetofamiliaroneslikecheesemakingorbeerbrewing.Equally,wemustbewillingtobreakthemyththatmeat,asitisconsumedtoday,issomehow“natural”.Atypicalsupermarketpackofsausagesistheresultofalongprocessinvolvingfeedadditives,geneticselectionandindustrialkilling.Ifweareunfortablewiththeword“synthetic”,wemightdowelltoconsiderwhatconventionalmeatproductionactuallycontains.Ourbiastowardsthenaturaloncekeptusalive.Nowitmaybepreventingusfromembracingtheverytechnologiesthatareessentialtoourlongtermfoodsecurity,environmentalstabilityandevenpublichealth.Afterall,ifwehaveweledsyntheticsintoourlivesandourbodies,perhapsitistimetoextendthatpragmatism(实用主义)toourplates.32.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“atwistofmodernconsumerpsychology”?A.People’spsychologyhasnowbeetwistedandplicated.B.Psychologystudieshavetakenanewturninconsumerresearch.C.Alternativeproteinsarebeneficialyetundesirableamongconsumers.D.Consumersholdcontradictoryattitudestowardssyntheticsindifferentproducts.33.Accordingtoparagraphs2and3,whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthe“naturalnessbias”?A.Itisapletelyunreasonablefearofnewtechnology.B.Ithasbeeneasilyoverebyrecentfoodinnovations.C.Itwasoncealogicalsurvivaltoolbutmaybeunsuitabletoday.D.Itprotectspeoplefromsignificantrisksinthemodernfoodsystem.34.Whatisaremendedapproachtoincreasingpublicacceptanceofalternativeproteins?A.Makingtheunfamiliarproductionprocessmorerelatable.B.Focusingonbalancingtheflavourjustlikeconventionalmeat.C.Maintainingthemythabouttheirproductiontoavoidpublicfear.D.Adaptingtheirproductionprocesstobemoreindustrialandefficient.35.Whatistheauthor’soverallattitudetowardsalternativeproteins?A.Critical. B.Neutral. C.Uncertain. D.Supportive.【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出消费者对合成物存在“自然偏好”偏见，虽接受美容中的合成物，却抗拒替代蛋白，而替代蛋白利于环保与动物福利，是未来刚需，需通过提升透明度等方式增进公众接受度。【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Inatwistofmodernconsumerpsychology,wearenowfortableinjectingsyntheticsubstancesintoourfaces,yetshyawayfromthethoughtofputtingtheminourmouths.Whileweembracesyntheticswhenitestobeauty,wecontinuetodrawthelineatourlunch.(在现代消费者心理的转变中，我们现在敢于将人工合成的物质注射到脸上，但却不愿将它们放进嘴里。在美容方面我们欣然接受人工制品，但在饮食方面我们却始终坚守底线)”可知，作者所说的“现代消费者心理的一种扭曲”指的是消费者对不同产品中的合成材料持有相互矛盾的态度。故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Forearlyhumans,avoidingunfamiliarfoodwasasurvivaltool,asastrongdisgustresponseprotectedusagainsttakingpollutedfood.(对于早期人类而言，避免食用陌生的食物是一种生存手段，因为强烈的厌恶反应能保护我们不食用受污染的食物)”以及第三段“Butourinstinctshaven’tkeptpacewithinnovationandwhatisnowconsideredthe“natural”choicemaybetheonecarryingsignificantrisk.(但我们的直觉却未能跟上创新的步伐，如今被视为“自然的”的选择，或许恰恰是风险最大的那一个)”可知，C选项“它曾经是一种有效的生存手段，但如今可能已不再适用”正确。故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Onewayforwardistransparency:explainingalternativeproteinproductionprocessestoconsumersandlinkingthesetofamiliaroneslikecheesemakingorbeerbrewing.(一种可行的途径是提高透明度：向消费者解释替代蛋白质的生产流程，并将其与人们熟知的诸如奶酪制作或啤酒酿造等流程相联系)”可知，提高公众对替代蛋白质接受度的推荐方法是使不为人知的生产过程更具可理解性。故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Alternativeproteins,fromplantbasedfakemeattolabgrownmeat,struggleforpublicacceptancedespiteclearbenefits,includingfarlowergreenhousegasemissionsandnoanimalwelfareissues.(从植物基人造肉到实验室培育肉等各种替代蛋白质产品，尽管具有诸多明显优势（比如温室气体排放量极低且不存在动物福利问题），但它们仍难以获得公众的认可)”可知，作者开篇指出替代蛋白的显著优势（低排放、无动物福利问题），强调其是满足未来全球蛋白需求的必要选择，批评“自然偏好”阻碍其推广，并给出提升接受度的建议。可知，作者对替代蛋白质的整体态度是支持的。故选D。第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Breakingbadnewsisneveraneasytask.____36____