2025-2026学年广东省高三上学期模拟预测英语试题

2025-2026学年广东省高三上学期模拟预测英语试题本试卷共8页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必在答题卡写上考生姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号等相关信息。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内;如需改动的，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AIfyou’reconcernedaboutthecostofgasandtheenvironmentalimpactofgas-poweredcars,anddon’twanttoworryaboutthechargingchallengesassociatedwiththepureelectricvehicle(EV),it’stimetotakeacloserlookatahybrid(混合的)electricvehicle(HEV).Whilesalespeoplemightsimplyadviseyouto“plugindailyandusegasforlongertrips,”understandingtheunderlyingmechanicsiskeytodeterminingifanHEVtrulyfitsyourneeds.Essentially,anHEVoffersyouthebestofgascarsandEVs.AnHEVhastwosourcesofpower:aninternalcombustion(燃烧)engine(ICE)andatleastoneelectricmotor.TherearetwomaintypesofHEV:parallel(并联式)hybridandserieshybrid.Theparallelhybrid(PHEV)aimstokeepthecoredesignsoftheconventionalgas-poweredvehicleswhileloweringtheoperationcostsandimprovingtheenvironmentalperformance.Reducedtoitsbasics,itssystemusesICEandelectricmotorstopowerthewheels—eithertogetherorindependently.Thisstructureperformsreliablyonlong-distancejourneysandcomplexroadconditions,wherethecombustionengineoperatesefficiently.Inthecaseofserieshybrid(SHEV),thevehiclerunsonlyonelectricity,whichisfromthebattery.Whenthebatteryisexhausted,theICEswitcheson—nottodrivethewheelsdirectly,buttopowerthegeneratorandchargethebattery.Thissetupofferssmootherandquieterdrivingoperationwhichissimilartopureelectricvehicles.It’sgenerallymoreeco-friendly,andfurtherreducesthecostofuse.Intoday’smarket,conventionalgascarsaregoingsignificantlycheaper,whilestylishpureelectricvehicleshavebecomesymbolsofmodernstatus.TheHEV,strikingapracticalbalancebetweenthesetwoextremes,certainlydeservesacloserlook.PropertiesParallelHybridSerieshybridUrbanEfficiencyLowerHigherHighwayEfficiencyHigherLowerFuelConsumptionHigherLowerPowerPerformanceHigherLowerSalesPriceLowerHigher1.WhatisanadvantageofHEVscomparedwithothertypesofvehicles?A.They’resimplerindesign. B.They’recheapertopurchase.C.They’remoreeco-friendly. D.They’remorepracticaltouse.2.WhatdoestheICEinaserieshybridcardirectlyworkon?A.Replacingthegenerator. B.Drivingthewheels.C.Startingtheelectricmotor. D.Chargingthebattery.3.InwhichaspectarePHEVsgenerallybetterthanSHEVs?A.Mountainroaddriving. B.In-citytransportation.C.Wastegasesproduction. D.Vehiclerunningcosts.BThesunhangsheavyovercentralIraqinthelateafternoon,paintingtheruinsofBabyloninheatandlight.Dustrisesfromthegroundinsoftclouds,creatingascenethatseemsolderthantimeitself.Inthismomentthecityfeelsbothemptyandtimeless,itssilencebrokenonlybythevisitorswhohavecometostandinthefootprintsofkings.Once,BabylonwasthejewelofMesopotamia,thecitythatgaveitsnametoentireeras—theOld,Middle,andNewBabylonianperiods.Itwasherewheregrandtemplesandpalaceswerebuilt,andwherepoetsandhistoriansimaginedoneoftheSevenWondersoftheAncientWorld:theHangingGardens.AncientGreekandRomanwritersdescribedthemasagreenparadise(天堂),wateredbyartfulpumpsthatliftedwaterfromtheEuphratesRiver.Accordingtotales,Nebuchadnezzar,thenKingofBabylon,hadthembuiltforhisqueenwholongedfortheforestedmountainsofherhomeland.ForsomeIraqiarchaeologists(考古学家),thegardensaremorethanfairytales.SomebelievethegardenswerelocatednearthecityofHillah,aboutatwo-hourdrivesouthofthecapitalBaghdad,whileotherspointtoNineveh,hundredsofmilestothenorth.Fortravelers,however,thedebatehardlymatters.Standingamongtheruins,ittakesagoodimaginationtothinkofthegardensthatleftnomarkstofollow.Inrecenttimes,conservationworkhasbeencarriedouttorestorepartsofBabylon.Withthemanychallengesthesitefaces,itisoftenindividualsratherthaninstitutionsthatkeepBabylon’sstoriesalive.Wemeta22-year-oldtourguideHashem,whowasenthusiasticaboutintroducingIraqihistorytoforeigners.HegraduatedfromtheUniversityofBabylonwithadegreeinbiomedicalengineering,andafterthatheturnedtotourism,wherehisknowledgeandcommandofEnglishcameinhandy.Beyonditsbrokenwalls,Babyloncontinuestocastitsspell.Visitorscomeandexpressadmiration,wonderinghowtheHangingGardensoncerosefromthedesertplain.Theruinsmaybegonesomeday,butthetaleswillliveon.4.WhydoesthewriterdescribetheruinsofBabyloninparagraph1?A.Toexplainthereasonsforitsdestruction.B.Tohighlightitsheavyboringatmosphere.C.Tocreateacontrastwithitssplendidpast.D.Toexpressadmirationforitsgreathistory.5.WhatdoarchaeologistsdisagreeaboutregardingtheHangingGardens?A.Itslocation. B.Itsorigin. C.Itsdesigner. D.Itsinfluence.6.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingHashem’sstory?ATherestorationworkprovidesjobopportunities.B.Ordinarypeoplecontributetopreservinghistory.C.Tourismissuccessfulinareaswitharichculture.D.Thecountryisinneedofenergeticyoungpeople.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“castitsspell”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Remaininruins. B.Disappearovertime.C.Holdgreatcharm. D.Makepeoplepuzzled.CSo,you’vefinishedthatdullbook.Yousatthroughthemovieyoupaidfor,superbored.Stoodinalongqueueforthatmilktea.Paidmuchfortheluxuryhandbag—expensivenonsense.Whatdothesehaveincommon?They’reallexamplesofwhateconomistscall“sunkcosts(沉没成本)”:thepriceyou’vealreadypaid—intime,money,effort,suffering,foranitemoranexperience—holdsyoutothem.It’saphenomenonweallrecognize.Itaffectsourbehaviorinwaysthatcanbeunreasonable.Butwedoit.Toavoidthesituationeconomiststellustomakedecisionsbasedmainlyonfuturevalue,notpastinvestment.Iftheongoingcostoutweighstheexpectedbenefit,oneshouldcuttheirlossesandwalkaway.Ithurts,yes,butthiscold,clearlogicprotectsusfromgoingbroke.Yet,lifeisrarelysoneatlycalculated.Thispurelyeconomicviewraisesdifficultquestions:Doesthevalueofanexperiencelieonlyinitsoutcome,oralsointheprocess?Ajoyfuljourneywithanordinarygoalandapainfuloneaimedatasplendidachievement,whichoneismoreworthwhile?Whenitcomestoeducation,thesunkcoststheorydoesn’tseemapplicable.Parentsandteacherspourimmeasurableamountofinvestment—love,time,hope,money—intothegrowthofachild.Willthechildturnoutthewaytheyexpect?Noguarantee.Ifweviewthisthroughastrictcost-benefitangle,muchofeducationcanbewrittenoffasa“sunkcost.”Educationisobviouslydifferentfromthecommercialworld.Achild’sgrowthcannotbeplannedlikeabusinessstrategy;itunfoldslikeauniqueandunpredictablestory.Wecan’tdreamhisdreamsorlivehislife;wecanonlybuildthestage,andlighthispath.Ineducationwehavetoholdontothisfaith:everythingwedoforachildisworthwhile.Everyactofloveislikeofferinglightandwatertoaseed;whilewecan’tseeitsrootsgrowunderground,weknowit.Thatchildwillblossom(开花)someday.Notallthathascostissunk.8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheexamplesinparagraph1?A.Boringbutbeneficial. B.Interestingbutworthless.CJoyfulandworthwhile. D.Senselessandregrettable.9.Whatdoeconomistsadviseustodotoavoidsunkcosts?A.Focusontheoutcome. B.Ignorethefuturelosses.C.Calculatethepastcost. D.Pursuethehiddengains.10.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardstheinvestmentineducation?A.Indifferent. B.Favorable. C.Balanced. D.Critical.11.Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?A.Topromoteaprinciple. B.Tocorrectamisbehavior.C.Tochallengeaconcept. D.Topresentaphenomenon.DThreescientistsmadegroundbreakingdiscoveriesontheworkingmechanismoftheimmunesystem(免疫系统).Theyidentified“regulatoryTcells,”whichfunctionastheimmunesystem’ssecurityguards,preventingimmunecellsfromattackingthebody’sowntissuesandcausingsevereautoimmunediseases.Theimmunesystem’sprimaryroleistodistinguishforeignmicrobes(细菌)fromthebody’sowncellsandthenattackthem.However,microbescandevelopsimilaritiestohumancells.Ifthispretencesucceeds,itcanleadtoaformofbiological“friendlyfire,”wheretheimmunesystemmistakenlyattacksthebody’sowncells.ItwaslongbelievedthattheimmunesystemwasmainlyprotectedbyTcellsthatcanrecognizeandkillmicrobes.However,somepuzzlingautoimmunereactionspointedtotheexistenceofanother,morecomplexregulator.ImmunologistShimonisamongthescientistswhoconductedfurtherresearch.In1995,hediscoveredinmicethatthereisaparticulargroupofimmunecells,whichhenamed“regulatoryTcells,”workingasthebody’ssecurityguardsthatstopimmunecellsfromattackingself-tissues.Meanwhileintheearly2000s,bio-technologistsBrunkowandRamsdellinvestigatedwhyaspecifictypeofmousewasparticularlysensitivetoautoimmunediseases.Theirexperimentstookmanyyears.Whilemappingamouse’sgenome(基因组)todaytakesonlydays,backthenitwaslikelookingforaneedleinahugepileofstraw.TheyfinallyfoundthesourceoftroublewasavariationofthegenenamedFoxp3,andfurtherdiscoveredthatasimilarerrorinahuman’sgenecausesIPEXsyndrome,aseriousautoimmunedisease.Afterwards,Shimonlinkedtheirresearchtohisown,provingthatFoxp3aidsinthecreationandtheoperationofregulatoryTcells,ensuringthattheimmunesystemisstrongenoughtofightoffmicrobesandatthesametimecontrolledenoughnottoinjurethebody.Theirfoundationaldiscoverieshavepavedthewayforpotentialnewtreatmentsforautoimmuneconditions,aswellasmoreeffectivecancertreatmentsandreducedcomplicationsafterorgantransplants.12.Whatistheresultof“friendlyfire”?AKillingofforeignmicrobes. B.Wrongattackonhumancells.C.Immunecells’development. D.Microbes’successfuldisguise.13.WhydidShimonconductthemiceresearch?A.Towinanaward. B.Tosolveapuzzle.C.Totreatadisease. D.Todefendabelief.14.What’sthepurposeofmentioning“aneedleinahugepileofstraw”inparagraph4?A.Tointroducethelonghistoryofmedicalscience.B.Toemphasizetheimportantroleofthelabmice.C.Tostressthedifficultyofdoingtheexperiments.D.Toshowtherarenessofanautoimmunedisease.15.Whatistherootreasonofautoimmunediseasesaccordingtothediscoveries?A.AnerrorhappenstotheFoxp3gene.B.RegulatoryTcellsaredistinguished.C.Theimmunesystemisunderattack.D.Microbesforceintothehumanbody.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Horace,thefamousRomanpoetwholivedfrom65BCto8BC,oncesaid,“Thepoet’saimistocombinethedelightfulandtheuseful.”Apoetwilltakeinsightsintoourworldcoveredinfogandcutthroughthatfogtorevealthetruthbeneathintheirpoetry.____16____Poetryisrichinwisdomandknowledge,yetitisoftenremarkablybriefinform.We’relivinginaworldwhereeverythingbecomessofast-pacedthatit’shardtofocusonanythingforlong.____17____Itallowsustostartandfinishsomethingofvaluewithinlife’ssmallwindowsoftime-whetherwe’rewaitingforthebuswithourchild,orseekingameaningfulthoughttoshareatthedinnertable.Itcanbespokenoverouraudience,orusedtostartadeeperdiscussion.Similartothewayinwhichpoetryrevealshidden,yetfamiliartruths,itcanalsorevealhiddenyetfamiliarbeauty.Whenapoetusesbeautifullanguagetodescribeelementsofbeautywithinourworld,wemayfeelshocked.____18____Onlythenwillwerealizethatwehaveneverfullyappreciatedthethingsaroundus.Webegintolearntheartoftreasuringwhatwehave.____19____Bythoughtfullyengagingwithpoetry,westepintotheperspectivesofothers.Intheprocess,wewillsharpenourawareness,deepenourempathy(同理心),andactivelyexpandouremotionalintelligence.Topassdownthepowerofpoetrytothenextgeneration,it’sbesttodevelopaloveandappreciationforitinourchildrenfromanearlyage.____20____Thispracticeoffersanopportunitytocreateabondingexperienceandlastingmemories.A.Ashortpoemisagiftforus.B.Poemscaninspireusinanumberofways.C.Inthisway,poetryhelpsusunderstandtheworldbetter.D.Poetryfuelsourcuriosityandunlocksfurtherexploration.E.Itinvolvesspendingplentyoftimereadingpoemstogether.F.Poetrygivesvoicetooursharedhumanemotionsandexperiences.G.Suddenlywebecomeawareofthebeautysocloseyetunseenbefore.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LastOctober,myfamilytookacampingtriptoLakeHoustonWildernessPark.Itwasanearly____21____afternoon,andthewarmsuncastagolden____22____overthewholepark.Wemadeourwayalongthepath,feelingthegentlewindthroughthetreesandlisteningtothecrackingsoundofdried____23____beneathourfeet.Asdarkfell,theairgrew____24____.We’djustfinishedsettingupourtentwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.Myparentsjumpedupandhurriedto____25____thingswithaplasticcloth,buttome,the____26____rainmeantfun.Weduckedintothetentandwrappedourselvesinwarmblankets.Withraindropsfallingonthetent,we____27____snacks,storiesandlaughterintheheartofnature.Then,outofnowhere,weheardheavy____28____approaching,alarminglyclose.Beforewecouldreact,thetent____29____aroundus,trappingusinamess.We____30____:Wasitawildman?Aforestmonster?Heartracing,we____31____ourselvesoutfromunderthetent,onlytoseesomecattlehurryingaway—theyhad____32____overourtentropesintheway.Aswestoodthere,catchingourbreath,wenoticedthe____33____hadstoppedcompletely.Thenightskyhad____34____intoadeepblue,decoratedwithcountlessstarsandasilverymoon.Aftertakingamomenttosetthetentbackup,welitacampfireandstartedbarbecuinginthebrightmoonlight.Itwastrulya(n)____35____andmemorablenight!21.A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter22.A.light B.shadow C.fire D.thread23.A.fruits B.stones C.insects D.leaves24.A.thin B.cool C.calm D.fine25.A.hold B.cover C.repair D.gather26.A.unwelcome B.unrecorded C.unending D.unexpected27.A.ate B.shared C.made D.passed28.A.footsteps B.heartbeats C.thunderstorms D.gunshots29.A.circled B.flew C.collapsed D.shook30.A.hesitated B.cheered C.panicked D.debated31.A.drove B.threw C.pulled D.picked32.A.jumped B.dropped C.rolled D.tripped33.A.rain B.cattle C.laughter D.show34.A.got B.rushed C.sank D.cleared35A.adventurous B.instructive C.romantic D.familiar第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。“Spongecity”isarevolutionaryapproachtourbandesign.Theconcept,first____36____(propose)byChineselandscapearchitectKongjianYu,usesnaturalwatersystemsinurbansites____37____(reduce)thepossibilityofflooding,watershortagesandtheurbanheatislandeffect,anditisnowbeingpractisedallovertheworld.HavinggrownupinruralChina,Yudevelopedanawarenessofthe____38____(season)movementofnaturalwaterwaysandtheroleofvegetationinregulatingtheirflow.WitnessingtheeffectivenessofChineseirrigation(灌溉)networkshelpedhimdevelopthespongecityphilosophy,____39____eventuallybecamepartofChina’surbanismpolicyin2014.He____40____(award)the2023OberlanderPrizeforhisworkaddressingclimate-change-worsenedurbanflooding.The“sponginess,”oracity’sabilitytoabsorbrainwater,is____41____keymeasuretofightclimatechange.Acity’ssponginessisaffectedbythebalancebetweenblue(ponds,lakes),green(grass,trees)____42____grey(buildings,hardsurfaces)infrastructure(基础设施).Spongecitiesworkintunewithnaturetoquicklyabsorbheavyrainfallandlaterreleasetheextrawaterintoriversandwatersystemsslowly,____43____(avoid)theriskofarapidriseinwaterlevels.Therearesomegoodexamplesof“spongycities,”andAucklandinNewZealand____44____(top)thelist.It’smainlyduetothegreenandblueinfrastructurethatcovershalfofitsurbanarea.Others,_____45_____ChongqingandWuhaninChina,havekickedoffspongecitypilotprogramsinresponsetogrowingclimatethreats.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，近期你去博物馆时，发现越来越多低龄儿童参与观展。请给英国笔友Chris写一封邮件讨论这一现象，内容包括：1.你的观察;2.你的看法。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I’verecentlybecomeinterestedinmountainclimbing.It’smainlyduetomyfriendTim,anexperiencedhiker.Initially,Isawhikingaspointless—exhaustingmusclesundertheburningsun,carryingheavyloads,withnoeasywayback.Whyendure(忍受)that?Lastmonth,Timconvincedmetojoinhiminclimbingasmallhill.Tomysurprise,theviewfromthetopwasbreathtaking.Iwitnessedanamazingsunsetoverthesea.Thathumblepeakofferedunexpectedjoy,awakeningadesireformore—cloudseas,sunrises,andbird’s-eyeviews.Afterafewmoremountainclimbingattempts,Ideclared,“IwillchallengetheHero’sRoute!”Itwasademanding20-kilometertrail(小径)acrossseveralhighpeaks,atestof“heroes.”ButTimtriedtocoolmedown.“It’snoteasy,”hewarned.“Itrequirestraining,notjustenthusiasm.”ButIbelieved“Nothingisimpossibleinfrontofawillingheart,”sothefollowingweekendIsetoffalonewithouttellingTim.Idecidedtogivehimabigsurprise.Att