2025年中石油职称英语考试真题及答案

2025年中石油职称英语考试练习题及答案一、词汇与语法（共20题，每题1分，共20分）说明：从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案，使句子意思完整、语法正确。1.Thenewdownholetelemetrysystemiscapableoftransmittingrealtimedataatadepth______8,000meters.A.asgreatas  B.sogreatas  C.asgreatlyas  D.sogreatlyas答案：A2.Hadtheannularpressurebeenmonitoredcontinuously,theblowout______.A.wouldprevent  B.wouldhaveprevented  C.wouldbeprevented  D.wouldhavebeenprevented答案：D3.Thegeochemistinsistedthateverycoresample______inaninertatmospherebeforeanalysis.A.bestored  B.isstored  C.wasstored  D.hasstored答案：A4.Notuntiltheintroductionofrotarysteerablesystems______directionaldrillingsoprecisely.A.drillerscouldachieve  B.coulddrillersachieve  C.drillerscanachieve  D.candrillersachieve答案：B5.TheSPEjournalreportedthatpolymerfloodingincrementalrecovery,thoughmodest,______economicwhenoilpricesexceedUSD70/bbl.A.turns  B.hasturned  C.couldturn  D.turning答案：C6.______thecasingstringisruntototaldepth,themudloggermustverifythattheshoetrackisfullydisplaced.A.Upon  B.Till  C.Unless  D.Despite答案：A7.Thesubseaengineerdisagreedwiththecontractor,arguingthattheBOPstackconfigurationwas______thenewAPI53standard.A.incompliancewith  B.oncomplianceto  C.undercompliantof  D.withincompliantfor答案：A8.Microseismicmappingshowsthatthefracturenetwork______northeast–southwest,coincidingwiththemaximumhorizontalstress.A.orients  B.oriented  C.isoriented  D.hasbeenorienting答案：C9.Little______aboutthebiodegradationpathwayofthenewlydiscoveredthermophilesintheShenglioilfield.A.weknow  B.doweknow  C.wedoknow  D.knowwe答案：B10.TheprojectmanagerdemandedthattheHSEauditreport______tothejointventurepartnersnolaterthanFriday.A.issubmitted  B.besubmitted  C.wassubmitted  D.hasbeensubmitted答案：B11.Withthedeploymentofdualgradientdrilling,themudweightwindow______considerablywider.A.becomes  B.became  C.hasbecome  D.hadbecome答案：C12.Neitherthecementvendornortheservicecompany______responsibleforthechannelingobservedontheultrasoniclog.A.were  B.are  C.was  D.havebeen答案：C13.Theloganalystinterpretedthecrossoverofresistivitycurvesasanindication______movablehydrocarbons.A.for  B.of  C.to  D.on答案：B14.Thetightertheshale,______thefracturespacingrequiredforcommercialproduction.A.thesmaller  B.thesmall  C.thesmallest  D.small答案：A15.Afterthereliefwellintersectedtheblowoutwellbore,thekillmudwaspumpedatrates______2,000bbl/h.A.up  B.upto  C.upfor  D.uptoward答案：B16.Thereservoirsimulatorwasupdateddailysothatthehistorymatcherror______below3%.A.remains  B.remained  C.willremain  D.wouldremain答案：D17.Thefieldtrialdemonstratedthatnanoparticlestabilizedfoam______a25%reductioninCO₂mobility.A.yielded  B.yielding  C.toyield  D.yields答案：A18.Thedrillingsuperintendentwouldrather______theholesectionwithasyntheticbasedmudthanriskdifferentialsticking.A.toream  B.reaming  C.ream  D.reamed答案：C19.Thegeomechanicalmodelindicatesthatthecaprockintegrity______ifporepressureexceeds85%oftheoverburdenstress.A.compromises  B.willcompromise  C.wouldcompromise  D.willbecompromised答案：D20.Theboardofdirectorsapprovedthebudget,butnotwithout______thecontingencyclauseforcurrencyfluctuation.A.insert  B.inserted  C.inserting  D.toinsert答案：C二、完形填空（共15题，每题1分，共15分）说明：阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。短文The2024ultradeepexplorationwellintheTarimBasintargetedaburiedhillcarbonatereservoirat7,800mTVD.Thepredrillprognosis(21)abottomholestatictemperatureof195°Candaporepressuregradientof1.95g/cm³.Toensureholeintegrity,ahighdensity,lowsolid,(22)mudsystemwasformulatedwithanovelpolyamineshaleinhibitor.Whiledrillingthe8½in.section,anunexpected(23)ofH₂Sat1,200ppmwasencounteredat7,350m,necessitatinganemergencyincreaseinmudalkalinity.TherealtimeLWDazimuthalresistivitydata(24)a6mthickfaultzonefilledwithconductivebrine,whichhadnotbeen(25)ontheseismicattributemap.Aftersettinga7in.liner,theteamdecidedtoperformamanagedpressurecementjobto(26)gasmigration.Awiperplugwithanantiswirlbowspringcentralizerwasrunto(27)mudchannels.Postjobevaluationusingultrasonicimagingshoweda96%bondindexacrossthereservoirinterval,(28)theobjectivehadbeenmet.SubsequentDSTacrosstheperforated40mintervalflowed38°APIoilat1,850bbl/dthrougha48/64in.chokewithaflowingtubingpressureof4,200psi,(29)nomeasurableformationwater.Theproductivityindexcalculatedfromthepressurebuildupcurvewas3.2bbl/d/psi,(30)thepredrillstochasticmodelby40%.Coreanalysisrevealedvuggyporosityaveraging6.8%andmatrixpermeabilityof0.87mD,(31)theneedformultistageacidfracturing.Achelatingagentbasedretardedacidsystemwaspumpedat180°C,achievinghalflengthsof120mandaverageconductivityof2,500mD·m,as(32)bymicroseismicmomenttensorinversion.TheincrementalNPV(33)atUSD1.4billionundera10%discountrate,(34)thedevelopmentschemeeconomicallyrobustevenunderalowcaseoilpriceofUSD55/bbl.Thesuccesshas(35)anewplayfairwayforultradeepcarbonateexplorationinthebasin.21.A.predicted  B.hadpredicted  C.predicts  D.predicting答案：A22.A.brinebased  B.oilbased  C.foambased  D.emulsionbased答案：B23.A.outbreak  B.breakthrough  C.influx  D.seepage答案：C24.A.disclosed  B.revealed  C.exposed  D.unfolded答案：B25.A.resolved  B.portrayed  C.distinguished  D.discriminated答案：B26.A.curb  B.trigger  C.enhance  D.induce答案：A27.A.eliminate  B.facilitate  C.generate  D.accommodate答案：A28.A.thereby  B.nevertheless  C.whereas  D.notwithstanding答案：A29.A.inspiteof  B.insteadof  C.alongwith  D.with答案：D30.A.surpassing  B.undershooting  C.matching  D.validating答案：A31.A.underscoring  B.undermining  C.undertaking  D.underlining答案：A32.A.calibrated  B.quantified  C.justified  D.rectified答案：B33.A.appraised  B.assessed  C.estimated  D.reckoned答案：C34.A.rendering  B.causing  C.prompting  D.enforcing答案：A35.A.unlocked  B.unfurled  C.untied  D.unfastened答案：A三、阅读理解（共20题，每题2分，共40分）说明：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。Passage1Theconceptof“digitaltwin”hasmigratedfromaerospacetopetroleumengineering,evolvingintoanintegratedassetmodelthatcouplesreservoir,wells,andsurfacefacilitiesinaclosedfeedbackloop.Unlikestaticreservoirsimulators,thedigitaltwiningestshighfrequencydatafrompermanentlyinstalledfiberopticDTSandDASsystems,updatingproxymodelsthroughensembleKalmanfiltersatclockspeedsof15minutes.ArecentdeploymentonNorway’sJohanSverdrupfielddemonstrateda3.2%upliftinultimaterecoverybyoptimizinggasliftratesinrealtimewhilehonoringsubseaprocessingconstraints.ThetwinalsoflaggedanimpendingESPfailure11daysbeforetheevent,allowingariglessinterventionthatsavedUSD4.7million.However,thefidelityofthetwinhingesonthequalityofhistorymatching;poorpriorscanpropagatebias,leadingtooverconfidentforecasts.Tomitigatethis,operatorsincreasinglyadoptBayesianmodelevidencemetricstorankcompetinggeologicalscenarios,ensuringrobustdecisionmakingunderuncertainty.36.Theprimarydistinctionbetweenadigitaltwinandaconventionalsimulatorliesinits______.A.spatialresolution  B.temporalrefreshrate  C.numericalalgorithm  D.licensingcost答案：B37.TheJohanSverdrupcasestudyattributesthe3.2%recoveryupliftmainlyto______.A.infilldrilling  B.realtimegasliftoptimization  C.polymerflooding  D.subseacompression答案：B38.ThetwinpredictedESPfailurebyanalyzing______.A.vibrationspectra  B.decliningmotorinsulationresistance  C.risingintakepressure  D.increasingpowerfactor答案：A39.Bayesianmodelevidenceisemployedto______.A.speedupcomputation  B.reducedatastorage  C.rankgeologicalscenarios  D.calibratefiberopticgauges答案：C40.Accordingtothepassage,biasedpriorsmayleadto______.A.conservativeforecasts  B.overconfidentforecasts  C.underbalanceddrilling  D.facilityupsets答案：BPassage2Lowsalinitywaterflooding(LSW)hasgainedtractionasalowcostEORmethodincarbonatereservoirs,yettheunderlyingwettabilityalterationmechanismremainscontentious.RecentporescalevisualizationusingsynchrotronXraymicrotomographyonIndianalimestoneshowedthatwhenformationbrine(220g/LTDS)isdisplacedbydilutedseawater(35g/LTDS),surfaceactivatedprecipitationofanhydriteoccurs,dissolvinglocallyandincreasingpHto9.2.ThetransientpHrisetriggersdeprotonationofcarboxylicgroupsoncrudeoilpolarcomponents,renderingthesurfacemorewaterwet.Theresultingincreaseincapillarydrivenimbibitionwasquantifiedviaspontaneousimbibitiontests,yieldinganadditional18%OOIPrecovery.However,theeffectissensitivetotheMg²⁺/Ca²⁺ratio;aratiobelow2suppressesanhydritereprecipitation,negatingthebenefit.Corefloodsconductedat110°Crevealedthattheoptimumdilutionfactoris20×,beyondwhichfinesmigrationcausesinjectivityloss.FieldpilotsintheMiddleEastconfirmanincremental7–9%recoveryatanincrementalcostofUSD1.2/bbl,makingLSWeconomicallyattractiveundercurrentfiscalregimes.41.SynchrotronimagingrevealedthatanhydriteprecipitationcausesalocalpHincreaseto______.A.7.8  B.8.5  C.9.2  D.10.1答案：C42.Thewettabilityshifttowardwaterwetisattributedto______.A.sulfateadsorption  B.carboxylicdeprotonation  C.clayswelling  D.interfacialtensionreduction答案：B43.AMg²⁺/Ca²⁺ratiobelow2leadsto______.A.enhancedimbibition  B.suppressedbenefit  C.acceleratedfronts  D.scaledeposition答案：B44.Theoptimumdilutionfactorat110°Cis______.A.5×  B.10×  C.20×  D.40×答案：C45.IncrementalfieldrecoveryreportedfromMiddleEastpilotsrangesfrom______.A.3–5%  B.7–9%  C.11–13%  D.15–17%答案：BPassage3TheKashaganfield’ssourgasreinjectionschemecompresses1.2Bcf/dofassociatedgascontaining16mol%H₂Sand5mol%CO₂throughthreeparallel18MWcentrifugalcompressors.Tocombatsulfidestresscracking(SSC)in13Crstainlesssteelimpellers,aproprietaryCrMnNsuperausteniticalloywascentrifugallycastandsubsequentlysolutionannealedat1,100°Cfollowedbywaterquench.Rotordynamicanalysispredictedafirstcriticalspeedof6,400rpm,18%abovethemaximumcontinuousspeedof5,400rpm.WetH₂StestingperNACETM0177MethodAat25%ofspecifiedminimumyieldstrength(SMYS)showednofailureafter720h.Duringcommissioning,atransientsurgeeventat102%speedcausedsubsynchronousvibrationat0.78×runningspeed,indicativeofaerodynamiccrosscoupling.Theissuewasresolvedbyimplementingaswirlbrakeattheimpellereye,raisingtheaerodynamicdampingratiofrom0.05to0.12.Poststartup,onlineferrographydetectedasuddenspikein15μmwearparticles,tracedtoadefectivedrygassealface.Thesealwasreplacedunderahotstandbyphilosophy,limitingproductiondefermentto6hours.46.Theimpelleralloyselectionwasdrivenprimarilyby______.A.chloridepitting  B.sulfidestresscracking  C.creeprupture  D.galvaniccorrosion答案：B47.ThefirstcriticalspeedmarginaboveMCSis______.A.6%  B.12%  C.18%  D.24%答案：C48.Subsynchronousvibrationwascausedby______.A.rotorrub  B.aerodynamiccrosscoupling  C.bearingmisalignment  D.surgerecurrence答案：B49.Theswirlbrakeincreasedthedampingratioto______.A.0.05  B.0.08  C.0.12  D.0.15答案：C50.Onlineferrographysuccessfullyidentifiedfailureofthe______.A.impeller  B.drygasseal  C.thrustbearing  D.coupling答案：B四、英译汉（共5句，每句3分，共15分）说明：将下列英文句子译成汉语，译文准确、通顺。51.Theazimuthalresistivityimageacquiredwhiledrillingunveiledaconductivefaultgougethathadeludedpredrillseismicinversion.答案：随钻方位电阻率成像揭示了一处导电性断层泥，该断层泥在钻井前的地震反演中未能被发现。52.Bysuperimposingthestresscageenvelopeontothemudweightwindow,thegeomechanicsteamavertedlossesinthenaturallyfracturedlimestone.答案：通过将应力笼包络线叠加到泥浆密度窗口上，地质力学团队避免了天然裂缝性石灰岩井段的漏失。53.Thenanoparticleladenconformancegelexhibiteda300foldviscosityincreaseuponexposuretotheformationbrine,therebysealingthethiefzone.答案：载纳米颗粒的调剖凝胶遇地层水后黏度增加300倍，从而封堵了强渗流通道。54.RealtimetracersurveyscorroboratedthattheCO₂plumemigratednortheastatanaveragevelocityof0.42m/d,consistentwiththesimulatedstreamlinepattern.答案：实时示踪剂监测证实，CO₂羽状体以0.42米/日的平均速度向东北方向运移，与模拟的流线场一致。55.Thesubseamultiphasemeter’sdriftwasrectifiedbyapplyinganeuralnetworkbasedcalibrationfunctiontrainedon18monthsofwelltestdata.答案：通过应用基于18个月试井数据训练的神经网络标定函数，修正了海底多相流量计的漂移。五、汉译英（共5句，每句3分，共15分）说明：将下列中文句子译成英文，译文准确、语法正确。56.该井在压裂后30天内累计返排率仅为28%，表明裂缝网络具有极强的自吸能力。答案：Thecumulativeflowbackratio30dayspostfracturingwasonly28%,indicatingastrongspontaneousimbibitioncapacityofthefracturenetwork.57.通过引入双极化阵列感应测井，我们成功识别出被钻井液滤液侵入的低阻环带。答案：Byintroducingdualpolarizationarrayinductionlogging,wesuccessfullyidentifiedthelowresistivityannulusinvadedbymudfiltrate.58.在注气突破前实施聚合物深度调剖，可将采收率再提高8至10个百分点。答案：Conductingindepthpolymerprofilemodificationbeforegasbreakthroughcanincreaserecoverybyanadditional8–10percentagepoints.59.该油田采用的井下湿式连接器可在含硫环境下承受高达15,000psi的工作压力。答案：Thedownholewetmateconnectordeployedinthefieldcanwithstandworkingpressuresupto15,000psiinsourserviceconditions.60.基于贝叶斯更新方法的动态物质平衡计算使储量不确定性