开放英语II(1)7-12阶段复习

PAGE1PAGE5英语II（1）第二阶段学习小结深圳电大苏曼华Units7-12中主要学习的语法项目：（重难点）therefore,although和however的用法（Unit7）*therefore意为“所以,因此”,表结果,比so更正式,在句中常和and连用。Heworkeddayandnight,andthereforehewasabletobuyanewsportscar.*although意为“虽然……,但是……”,不能和but连用。Althoughtheywere75yearsold,theystillplayedtenniseveryday.Theystillplayedtenniseverydayalthoughtheywere75yearsold.*however意为“然而,但是”,表示转折，比but正式。位置较灵活，在句首时，后面常用逗号。Hewaswealthy.However,hewasverymean(吝啬).Althoughhewaswealthy,hewasverymean.练习：1.Alltheteammemberstriedtheirbest.Welostthegame,___.a.therforeb.althoughc.butd.however2.Parliamentdidn’tthinkthePrimeMinisterdidenoughintheimprovementoffairemployment,___hewasaskedtowritetoParliamentforfurtherexplanation.a.sob.thereforec.sinced.asKey:DB现在完成进行时（Unit8）时态结构举例（write）现在进行时am/is/are+V-ing(现在分词)am/is/arewriting过去进行时was/were+V-ing(现在分词)was/werewriting*现在完成进行时have/has+been+V-ing(现在分词)have/hasbeenwritingI’vebeenworkinghereforthreeyears.Ihaven’tbeenworkinghereforverylong.Haveyoubeenworkinghereforthreeyears?Howmanyyearshaveyoubeenworkinghere?Whohavebeenworkinghereforthreeyears?现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较：现在完成时强调动作的结果，并表示动作已经结束；现在完成进行时强调动作从过去某个时间一直持续到现在，而且还要持续下去。例如：Johnhaspaintedthedoor.（已漆完，动作已结束）Johnhasbeenpaintingthedoor.（还在漆，动作还要持续下去）We’vecleanedthehouse.Youmaycomeinnow.（强调动作的结果）We’reverytired.We’vebeencleaningthehouse.（强调动作持续进行）练习：1.I’mtired.I___workingveryhard.(Unit6题)A.haveB.havebeenC.had2.Pleasewakehimup.He___for4hours.A.issleepingB.wassleepingC.hadbeensleepingD.hasbeensleeping3.He___abook,andnowheneedsaholiday.A.hasbeenwritingB.hadbeenwritingC.willbewritingD.waswritingKey:BDA虚拟条件句（Unit10）真实条件句表示现在或将来可能发生的事情或存在的情况，虚拟条件句表示纯属假设的不可能发生的事情或存在的情况，它是与事实相反的愿望、假想。真实条件句的构成：“If+从句主语+一般现在时，主句主语+will/won’t+动词原形”Ifwebidforthegames,wewillpromotethecountry.虚拟条件句的构成：“If+从句主语+动词过去式，主句主语+would(’d)+动词原形”IfIhadthetime,I’dmakesomethingbetter.注意：在这种与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句的if从句中，不论从句主语是什么人称，be动词都常用were。Ifmygrandmotherwerealive,I’daskher.IfIwereyou,I’daskher.练习：1.IftheOlympics___here,thecity___greatlyimproved.(样题)A.come…willbeB.come…willC.willcome…willbeD.willcome…is2.Ifmygrandmother___alive,I___her.(样题)A.is…wouldaskB.were…wouldaskC.was…willaskD.were…willask3.IfI___time,I___somethingbetter.(04年7月题)A.have…willmakeB.willhave…willmakeC.had…wouldmakeD.hadhad…wouldmake4.IfI___you,I___studyEnglishharder.(05年1月题)A.am…wouldB.were…wouldC.am…willD.hadbeen…would5.IfI___timelastSunday,Iwouldhavegonetovisityou.(05年1月题)A.hadhadB.hadC.havehadD.wouldhave6.Ifthere___noair,there___nolivingthing.(05年7月题)A.were…wouldbeB.was…willbeC.is…isD.is…shouldbe7.IfyouhadwarnedJane,she___ontime,butshewaslate.(05年7月题)A.willcomeB.wouldcomeC.hadcomeD.wouldhavecome8.IfIgetthenewjob,I___buyabettercar.(Unit18题)A./B.willC.would9.Ifhewerefitter,he___livelonger.(Unit12题)A./B.willC.would10.I’llbuyapairofshoesifthestore___soon.A.openB.openedC.opensD.hasopened11.IfI___you,Iwoulddoitatonce.A.amB.wouldbeC.beD.were12.___,Iwouldgowithhim.A.IfhewantsB.IfhewantedC.WantedheD.WerehewantKey:ABCBA,ADBCC,D,B.进行时的被动语态（Unit11）被动语态结构(be+V-ed)举例（write）现在进行时am/is/are+being+V-ed(过去分词)is/arebeingwritten过去进行时was/were+being+V-ed(过去分词)was/werebeingwrittenAnewhospitalisbeingbuilthere.Isanewhospitalbeingbuilthere?200peoplewerebeingtreatedinaGlasgowhospitallastweek.Were200peoplebeingtreatedinaGlasgowhospitallastweek?Wherewere200peoplebeingtreatedlastweek?练习：1.Theroadnearouruniversity___now.(05年1月题)beupsetby(心烦意乱)Thedoctorwasalways___thepoorandthesick,oftengivingthemfreemedicalservices.a.remindedofb.absorbedinc.tendedbyd.concernedaboutKey:DThepresidentclaimedtheterroristsshouldberesponsible___theexplosionsthathappenedlastmonthinLondon.a.forb.onc.atd.aboutKey:AJohnPrestonwastired___livingineastLondon,inwhichhehadmovedafterhiswife’sdeath.a.tob.ofc.atd.forKey:B2．描述位置、方位（Unit7）inthenorth/south/east/westof…,inthecentre/inthesuburbsontheedgeofthetown在城镇的边缘,furtherout较远离rural/urban/suburbanarea乡下/市区/郊区1.Shanghaiis___theeastofChina.(06年1月题)A.atB.inC.onD.alongKey:B2.Thatplaceis___thesouthofthecity.(Unit12题)A.atB.inC.onKey:B3．表达数量（Units8）alargeproportionof(很大比例的),asmallproportionof(很小比例的)themajorityof(多数的),aminorityof(少数的)over(多于)…;under(少于)…;morethan(多于)…;lessthan(少于)…1.___majorityofstudentshavereadthenovel.(06年1月题)A.TheB.AC.OneD./Key:A2.___majorityofpeopleagreewithhim.(Unit12题)A.TheB.AC./Key:A4．与住房相关的词汇（Unit7）chimney烟囱,doors门,gate大门,roof屋顶,path小路,windowframes窗框,windowpanes窗玻璃,steps台阶,bedroom卧室,dining-room餐厅,bathroom浴室,living-room起居室,kitchen厨房,lounge休息室,study书房,toilet厕所,hall门厅,garage车库,garden花园,detachedhouse独立式房,semi-detachedhouse半独立式房,terracehouse连排房,towerblock塔楼,studioflat单室公寓,farmhouse农舍,cottage村舍,别墅,bungalow平房,flat公寓5．描述体重和饮食的词汇（Unit10）weightgoesup体重上升,weightgoesdown体重下降,toputonweight体重增加,toloseweight体重减轻,tobeonadiet节食(状态),togoonadiet节食(行为),tokeepweightoff保持体重不增长Units7-12中谈论的话题：（每单元的题目）Unit7AnEnglishman’sHomeisHisCastle我爱我家Unit8Leisure,WorkandAnimals休闲活动与宠物Unit9TheOlympicGames奥运会Unit10HealthandLeisure健康与休闲Unit11HealthCare,andTravelandHealth保健与健康五、Units7-12中的CulturalNotes（文化点滴）Unit7DIY自己动手做(P.95)Unit8VoluntaryWork志愿者工作(P.112)Unit9BarondeCoubertinandIOC顾拜旦与国际奥委会(P.130)Unit10OverweightandObese关于肥胖(P.146)Unit11AboutNHS国民保健制度(P.157)六、Units7-12中的书面表达练习1．《期末复习指导》样题（书面表达）假设你是一位顾客,在一家商店买了一台彩色电视机。回家后发现没有图象，经过与商场营业员交涉，没有得到满意解决，你向商场经理MrGao写一封70–90词的投诉信，将你的问题和希望得到的解决方法告诉他。学生1：DearMrGao,I’mwritingtoyoutocomplainaboutthecolourTVsetwhichIboughtfromyourshoplastweek.AfterIbroughtithome,Ifoundthattherewasnoimageatall.Italkedtoyourshopassistantaboutthisproblem,butIhaven’treceivedanysatisfactoryreplyyet.SoIbringupthisissuetoyou.IhopetoexchangeitwithanewTVset.I’mlookingforwardtoyourpromptreply.Yourssincerely,MaryBrown学生2：DearMrGao,I’mwritingtoyoutocomplainaboutthebadqualityofthecolourTVsetwhichIboughtfromyoushoplastweek.Yesterday,Ifounditsimplydidn'twork.TherewasnopictureshownonthescreenwhenIswitchediton.AsthisTVsetisstillunderguarantee,Ihopeyoucansendmeanewone.Otherwise,I’llgetmymoneyback.I’mlookingforwardtohearingfromyouassoonaspossible.Yourssincerely,MaryBrown学生3：DearMrGao,Asacustomer,IamwritingtoyoutocomplainaboutthecolourTVsetthatIboughtfromyoumarket.WhenIbroughtitbackhome,Ifoundithadnopicture.AlthoughItalkedaboutthisproblemwiththesalesman,butIdidn’tgetasatisfactorysolution.SoIhavetowritetoyou.Youmustcheckitandputitrightorexchangeanotheroneforme.OtherwiseyoushouldrefundmethemoneyIpaid.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.Yourssincerely,MaryBrown2．中央电大2005年7月“开放本科”期末考试英语II（1）试题（书面表达）写一段70-80词的短文描述你是如何保持身体健康的。要求包括以下内容：锻炼身体的场所、方式。如何抓住余暇时间进行锻炼。保养身体的一些秘诀。学生1：IworkfortheBankofChina.Myworkisveryhard,butIdidn’tusetobehealthy,soIstartedgoingtothegymlastyear.SincethenIhavekeptdoingexerciseeverydayandIhavebeenonadiet.NowIamfeelingreallygood.Ifyouwanttobehealthy,youshoulddosomethinglikeme.Igotothegymandgetapersonaltrainer,andIalwayswalkthroughthepark.Ihavefruitforbreakfastandnevereattoomuchfat.Idon’tsmoke.Thatisveryimportanttokeepyouhealthy.学生2：IamveryhappybecauseIamhealthy.Doyouknowhowtokeepfit?Ifyoudointhefollowingways,youwillbeashealthyasme.1.Doexerciseatanyplaceallowed.Forexample,youcandoexerciseathome,atschool,inthepark.Youcanswiminthesea,playfootballontheschoolplayground,andevenonbed,youcandosomeexercise.2.Doexerciseatanytime.Itneednotkeepyouverylong.Forexample,youcanwalkupstairstotheoffice.Whenyoufeeltired,youcanstopyourworktodosomeexercise.3.Gotobedearlyandgetupearly.Don’teattoomuchfatfood.Drinkmorewaterandeatmorevegetables.That’smysecrettokeepfit.学生3：.Doingexerciseisgoodforhealth.Ilikedoingsports,forexample,playingtabletennis,swimming,runningandsoon.Iusuallydoexercisethreetimesaweek.Runningismyfavouritesport.Igetupearlyinthemorning,andthenIruntothepark.Thefreshairmakesmefeelgood.Afterfinishingrunning,Ifeelenergetic.Iknowonetiptokeepushealthy.What’sit?Keepdoingexercise,eatmorevegetablesanddrinkmorewater.3.写投诉信假设你是A.Banister,你对正在你家进行的装修工程感到不满意，你向经理MrTownsend写一封70-80词的投诉信，将你的问题和所作的决定告诉他。（Unit7Activity19）假设你是游客MaryBrown,你曾于元月14，15日住在HotelRoyal，你对那里的住宿感到不满意，你向经理（不知姓名和性别）写一封70-80词的投诉信，将你遇到的问题和希望得到的解决方法告诉他。（Unit12Activity8）该题的具体要求内容要点（1）你遇到的问题；（2）你的决定或希望得到解决的方法。运用时态和语法结构情况（1）时态主要是一般现在时和一般过去时；（2）运用表示不悦心情和不满评价的词语；（3）符合英文书信格式。DearMrTownsend,Iamwritingtoyoutocomplainabouttheworkonmyhouse.Iamnotpleasedwiththeworkyouhavedone.Thechimneyisnotsatisfactory,andIamunhappyaboutthepath.Iamalsoconcernedabouttheroof.Thequalityoftheworkisnotgoodenoughinmyopinion.Iamalsoappalledbythemessinthegarden.GenerallyIamverydissatisfiedwiththework.Iamthereforewithholdingpaymentuntilyouputitright.Yourssinc