BFT（阅读）模拟试卷6

BFT（阅读）模拟试卷6

一、第一部分(本题共8题，每题7.0分，共8分。)

Readthefollowingpassages,eightsentenceshavebeenremovedfromthearticle.Choose

fromthesentencesA-Htheonewhichfitseachgap.Foreachgap(l-8)markone

letter(A-H)ontheAnswerSheet.BuzzAldrin,thesecondmantowalkontheMoon,isa

long-timefanofspacetourism.AldrinclimbedoutofApollo11hotontheheelsofNeil

Armstrongin1969.[RI]TogetherwithscientistsfromPurdueUniversity,the

MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,andtheUniversityofTexas,Aldrinisdesigning

spacecraftsthatwouldperpetuallycruisebetweenEarthandMars.[R2]"Some

day,peoplewillgotoMarsonaregularbasis/'saysteammemberJamesLonguski,a

professoratPurdue."[R3]"TheaveragedistancebetweenMarsandEarthis

48millionmiles.[R4]Itsoundslikeatripthatwouldrequirealotoffuel.

Accordingtotheengineers,thecyclersmayhaveanatural,renewable"fuel"supply:

fromthegravitationalforcesoftheSun,theplanets,andtheirmoons.Asaspacecraft

travelsclosetoaplanet,itsflightpathisbent,causingittowhiparoundtheplanetand

significantlyincreasingitsspeed(it'sasiftheplanet'sgravitygivesthepassingspacecraft

akickintospace).[R5]It'snotjustsciencefiction:itmighthelpusgetMars

withverylittlefuelonboard,inajourneythatwouldtakeaslittleassixtoeightmonths.

"ThecyclerisessentiallyinorbitaroundtheSunandmakesregularflybysofEarthand

Mars,"saysJamesLonguski."Onceyouputyourvehicleintoacyclerorbit,itcontinues

onitsownmomentum,goingbackandforthbetweenEarthandMars.[R6]"

WhenthecyclerfliesbyEarth,itwillbetravelingataspeedofabout13,000milesper

hour.[R7]"Thisissortoflikeabusthatdoesn'tstop,"Longuskisays."Whenit

comesby,youhavetorunalongsideofitandgrabon.*'Aldrinandhisgroupthinkthat

thefirstcyclercouldbeonitswaybyassoonas2018.[R8](Itseemsalong

wayoffnow,butit'scloserthanyouthink!)Fastenyourseatbeltsandmakesureyour

seatbackisinitsuprightposition.Yourflighttospacemaybedepartingsoon.A.These

crafts,knownas"cyclers",wouldferrypeopleandsuppliesbetweenthetwoplanets,

enablinghumanstocolonizeMars—somethingthathaslongbeendreamedaboutin

sciencefiction.B.Mostpeopleareconvincedthatwearegoingtodothis;theonly

questioniswhen.C.So,ifyou'reinmiddleschoolnow,youcouldbetakingatripto

Marsbythetimeyou'reinyourthirties.D.Togetasenseofjusthowfarthisis,trydoing

thiscalculation:Giventhatthereare2,500milesbetweenNewYorkandLosAngeles,

howmanytimeswouldyouhavetotravelfromNYtoLAandbacktocoverthesame

distance?E.Now,attheageof72,Aldrinisworkingonanewprojectthatcouldput

moreofhisfellowhumansinspace—namely,onjourneystooneofourmost

fascinatingneighbors,Mars.F.Thisisthe"slingshot"trajectorythatyoumayhaveseen

inmovies.GSpacetaxiswillbeneededtobringpeoplefromthesurfaceoftheplanetto

interceptthecycler.H.Youmayneedtocarrysomepropellantforanoccasionalboost,

butit'sprettymuchafreetripafterthat.

1、[RlJ

标准答案：E

知识点窗析：文章开头简单介绍了奥尔德林，他是第2个登上月球的人，并且长期

以来着迷于太空旅行。句E：“现在，已经72岁的奥尔德林正在进行一项工程，就

是把更多的地球人运送至太空，也就是最令我们向往的邻居之一—火星。”这是

关于奥尔德林现在的情况，并与前面提到的奥尔德林着迷于太空旅行相对应，因此

选E。

2、[R2]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第2段介绍了奥尔德林是如何实施这一计划的，他与几所大学的科学

家一起设计穿梭于地球和金星之间的飞船。句A是对这种飞船的介绍：“这种飞船

被称为，骑车人，，将在两个星球间运送人员和物质，使人类成功移居火星，从而实

现科幻小说里人类长久以来的梦想。与前面一句语义密切相关，因此选A。

3、[R3]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：工作小组成员对这一计划的展望：”在某一天，人们将会定期地前往

火星。”所缺少部分仍是引用这位成员的话，“大多数人确信我们能够做到这一点，

问题只是什么时候。”“this”指的是定期前往火星。因此B正确。

4、[R4]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：第3段开头介绍了火星到地球的距离是4800万英里，人们很难时这

一巨大的数字有清楚的概念，句D是关于如何以纽约至洛杉矶之间的距离做参照

来把握这一距离，是对第1句的深化，帮助人们理解这一天文距离。因此D正

确。

5、[R5]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：第5段介绍了“骑车人”的飞行路径，当飞船靠近行星时，它的飞行路

径就会变弯，使得飞船急剧加速。而句F“这就是你或许在电影里看到的弹射飞行

轨道。”是对前一句的进一步解释说明，因此选F。

6、[R61

标准答案：H

知识点解析：第6段介绍了“骑车人”飞行器实际上是沿着太阳的轨道飞行，并定点

飞过地球和火星。句H”也许需要携带些燃料能偶尔为飞行器提供动力，其余时间

就完全处于无动力飞行了。”在原文中使用的都是第二人称，是引用一位工程师的

话，并旦都是关于这种飞行器的飞行条件，因此H正确。

7、[R7]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：第7段第1句提到，“当，骑车人，飞过地球时，其速度约为13000英

里每小时，速度非常快”。而后面一句又提到“这就像一辆不停的公共汽车，当它经

过时，你必须在其一侧跟着跑以赶上它”，很显然这意味着当“骑车人”经过地球

时，人们必须想办法赶上它，因此G为正确答案：“人们需要飞船运送人们从星球

表面去拦截，骑车人,”

8、[R8]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第8段第1句介绍了第1个“骑车人”投入使用的时间是2018年。句

C以另一种方式来介绍这个时间究竟离人们多远：如果你现在在中学上学，那么在

你30多岁的时候就可以去火星旅行了。因此答案为C。

二、第二部分（本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。）

Readthefollowingmagazinearticleandanswerquestions9-18onthenextpage.The

BurdenofThirst0.AylitoBinayo'sfeetknowthemountain.Evenatfourinthemorning,

shecanrundowntherockstotheriverbystarlightaloneandclimbthesteepmountain

backuptohervillagewithacontainerofwateronherback.Shehasmadethisjourney

threetimesadaysinceshewasasmallchild.Sohaseveryotherwomaninhervillageof

Foro,intheKonsodistrictofsouth-westernEthiopiainAfrica.I.Indevelopedpartsof

theworld,peopleturnonatapandoutpoursabundant,cleanwater.Yetnearly900

millionpeopleintheworldhavenoaccesstocleanwater.Furthermore,2.5billionpeople

havenosafewaytogetridofhumanwaste.Pollutedwaterandlackofproperhygiene

causediseaseandkill3.3millionpeoplearoundtheworldannually,mostofthem

children.2.Bringingcleanwaterclosetovillagers'homesisthekeytotheproblem.

Communitieswherecleanwaterbecomesaccessibleandplentifularetransformed.All

thehourspreviouslyspenthaulingwatercanbeusedtocultivatemorecrops,raisemore

animalsorevenstartabusiness.Familiesspendlesstimesickorcaringforfamily

memberswhoareunwell.Mostimportant,nothavingtocollectwatermeansgirlscango

toschoolandgetjobs.Theneedtofetchwaterforthefamily,ortotakecareofyounger

siblingswhiletheirmothergoes,usuallypreventsthemeverhavingthisexperience.3.

ButthechallengesofbringingwatertoremotevillageslikethoseinKonsoarc

overwhelming.Locatingwaterundergroundandthenreachingitbymeansofdeepwells

requiresgeologicalexpertiseandexpensive,heavymachines.Abandonedwellsandwater

projectslitterthevillagesofKonso.Insimilarvillagesaroundthedevelopingworld,the

biggestproblemwithwaterschemesisthatabouthalfofthembreakdownsoonafterthe

groupsthatbuiltthemmoveon.Sometimestechnologyisusedthatcan'tberepaired

locally,orsparepartsareavailableonlyinthecapital.4.Today,aUK-basedinternational

non-profitorganisationcalledWaterAidistacklingthejobofbringingwatertothemost

remotevillagesofKonso.Theirapproachcombinestechnologiesproventolast-suchas

buildingasanddamtocaptureandfilterrainwaterthatwouldotherwisedrainaway.But

therealinnovationisthatWaterAidbelievestechnologyisonlypartofthesolution.Just

contaminatedwaterE.installthepumpF.haveatapwithsafewaterG.doother

meaningfulthings

14、WomeninthevillageofForohavetoclimbupanddownthemountainsto______.

标准答案：B」

知识点解析：见第1段第2句逗号后面的部分“shecanrun...onherback”。

15、Nearly900millionpeopleintheworldhaveto.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：见第2段第2句“Yetnearly900...tocleanwater”。

16、Thetimespentcollectingwaterforthevillagerscanbeusedto.

标准答案：G

知识点解析：综合整个第3段。

17、Invillagesofthedevelopingworld,thebiggestproblemwithwaterschemesishow

to.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：见第4段第4句逗号后面的部分“thebiggestproblem...themmove

on”。

18、Withthehelpoflocalpeople,Konsointhenearfuturewill.

标准答案：F

知识点解析：综合全文，由Konso取水困难推出最终目的是就近喝上安全的饮用

水，所以选F。

三、第三部分（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

ReadthefollowingpassageandchoosethecorrectanswerfromA,B,CandD.Moreand

more,theoperationofourbusinesses,government,andfinancialinstitutionsare

controlledbyinformationthatexistsonlyinsidecomputermemories.Anyoneclever

enoughtomodifythisinformationforhisownpurposecanreapsubstantialrewards.

Evenworse,anumberofpeoplewhohavedonethisandbeencaughtbyithavemanaged

togetawaywithoutpunishment.Itiseasyforcomputerscrimetogoundetectedifnoone

checksupwhatthecomputerisdoing.Butevenifthecrimeisdetected,thecriminalmay

walkawaynotonlyunpunishedbutwithagrowingrecommendationfromhisformer

employers.Ofcourse,wehavenostatisticsoncrimesthatgoundetected.Butitis

disturbingtonotehowmanyofthecrimeswedoknowaboutweredetectedbyaccident,

notbysystematicinspectionsorothersecurityprocedures.Thecomputercriminalswho

havebeencaughtmayhavebeenthevictimsofuncommonbadluck.Forexample,a

certainkeypunchoperatorcomplainedofhavingtostayovertimetopunchextracards.

Investigatingrevealedthattheextracardsshewasbeingaskedwerefordishonest

transactions.Inanothercase,dissatisfiedemployeesofthethieftippedoffthecompany

thathasbeenrobbed.Unlikeotherlawbreakers,whomustleavethecountry,commit

suicideorgotojail,computercriminalssometimesescapepunishment,demandingornot

onlythattheynotbechargedbutthattheybegivengoodrecommendationsandperhaps

otherbenefiting,theirdemandshavebeenmet.Why?Becausecompanyexecutivesarc

afraidofthebadpublicitythatwouldresultifthepublicfoundoutthattheircomputer

hadbeenmisused.Theyhesitateatthethoughtofacriminalboastinginopencourtof

howhejuggledthemostconfidentialrecordsrightunderthenosesofthecompany's

executives,accountants,andsecuritystaff.Andsoanotherstaffcomputercriminal

departswithjusttherecommendationheneedstocontinuehiscrimeelsewhere.

19、Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat.

A、peoplecommitcomputercrimesattherequestoftheirparents

B、itisstillimpossibletodetectcomputercrimestoday

C、computercrimesarethemostseriousproblemoffinancialinstitutions

D、computercriminalscanescapepunishmentbecausetheycan'tbedetected

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题是推理题。本题问及读完文章后得出的结论，作者在第3段指出

”...wehavenostatisticsoncrimesthatgoundetected.Butitisdisturbingtonotehow

manyofthecrimeswedoknowaboutweredetectedbyaccident,notbysystematic

inspectionsorothersecurityprocedures.”说明仅仅■发现的计算机犯罪已经十分令

人不安了，若加上那些未被发现的就更严重了，所以C选项“计算机犯罪在金融机

构相当严重”是正确答案。

20、Itisimpliedinthethirdparagraphthat.

A^therapidincreaseofcomputercrimesisatroublesomeproblem

B、mostcomputercriminalsaresmartenoughtocoveruptheircrimes

C、manymorecomputercrimesgoundetectedthanarediscovered

D、mostcomputercriminalsblametheirbadluck

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题是推理题，要求选出哪一项是第3段的隐含意思。由本段的最后

一句：“Thecomputercriminalswhohavebeencaughtmayhavebeenthevictimsof

uncommonbadluck."，可知“在特别倒霉的情况下，计算机犯罪分子才可能被

捕”，由此能够推出的结论是“计算机犯罪得逞的比被捕的多得多”，故C是正确答

案。

21、Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassage?

A、Companiesusuallyhesitatetouncovercomputercrimes.

B、Companieswillguardagainstcomputercrimestoprotecttheirreputation.

C、Astrictlawagainstcomputercrimesmustbeenforced.

D、Companiesneedtoimposerestrictionsonconfidentialinformation.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题是细节题。选项A：“公司不愿揭露计算机犯罪”是正确答案，因

为在文章最后一段中作者指出：“Becausecompanyexecutivesareafraidofthebad

publicitythatwouldresultifthepublicfoundoutthattheircomputerhadbeen

misused.”（计算机罪犯一旦被发现，公司往往怕家丑外扬影响其商业形象而尽力

保护罪犯）。

22、Whatmayhappentocomputercriminalsoncetheyarecaught?

A^Theymustleavethecountryorgotojail.

Theywillbedeniedaccesstoconfidentialrecords.

C、Withbadreputationtheycanhardlyfindanotherjob.

D、Theymaywalkawayandeasilyfindanotherjob.

标准答案：D

知识点解析:本题是细节题。根据第1段中的“…anumberofpeoplewhohavedone

thisandbeencaughtandithavemanagedtogetawaywithoutpunishment.”和第2段

中的“Butevenifthecrimeisdetected,thecriminalmaywalkawaynotonly

unpunishedbutwithagrowingrecommendationfromhisformeremployers.”可以明确

得知正确答案是Do

23、Inwhichcaseit'seasyforcomputercrimestogoundetected?

A、Somebodychecksupwhatthecomputerisdoing.

B、Noonechecksupwhatthecomputerisdoing.

C、Noway.

D、Thepassagedidn'trefer.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题是细节题。本题考查在H么情况下计算机罪犯不被发现，根据文

章第2段第1句“Itiseasyfbrcomputerscrimetogoundetectedifnoonechecksup

whatthecomputerisdoing.”可明确得出正确答案是B。

24、Accordingtothewholepassage,theauthorfeelstowardsthecomputer

crimes.

A、worried

indifferent

C^happy

D、sad

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题是推断题。根据这篇文章的主要内容可以看出作者对计算机犯罪

是很担心的。

25、Thepassageismainlyabout.

A、howcomputercriminalsmanagetogetgoodrecommendationsfromtheirformer

employers

B、whycomputercriminalsareoftenabletoescapepunishment

C>whycomputercrimescan'tbeeliminated

D、whycomputercrimesaredifficulttodetectbysystematicinspection

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题是主旨题。作者首先描述了计算机犯罪即使被发现也往往容易逃

避惩罚的现象：然后指出事实还不仅如此，犯罪分子还常常可以得到热情的推荐

信；最后分析了这种现象产生的原因。很明显，文章通篇谈的主要内容是为什么计

算机犯罪分子作案后可以逃避惩罚，所以B是正确答案。

四、第四部分（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。）

Readthefollowingarticleandchoosethebestwordforeachspace.Forquestions26-45,

markoneletterA,B,CorDonyourAnswerSheet.AsOilDeclines,SoDoesAmerica

Morethan100yearsago,America'sfirstgreateconomic[Ci]abroadwas

spearheadedbyitsgiantoilcompanies,notablyJohnD.Rockefeller'sStandardOil

Company.Thesecompanies[C2]powerfulbeachheadsinMexicoand

Venezuela,andlaterinpartsofAsia,NorthAfricaand.ofcourse,theMiddleEast.

[C3]theybecameevermoredependentontheextractionofoilindistantlands,

Americanforeignpolicybegantobe[C4]aroundacquiringandprotectingUS

oilconcessionsinmajor[C5]areas.WithWorldWarIIandtheColdWar,oil

andUSnational[C6]becamethoroughlyintertwined.Afterall,theUnited

StateshadprevailedovertheAxis[C7]insignificantpartbecauseitpossessed

vastreservesofdomesticpetroleum,whileGermanyandJapanlackedthem,depriving

theirforcesofvital[C8]suppliesinthefinalyearsofthewar.Asithappened,

though,theUnitedStateswasusingupitsdomestic[C9]sorapidlythat,even

beforeWorldWarIIwasover,Washington[CIO]itsattentiontofindingnew

overseassourcesofcrudeoilthatcouldbe[Cl1]underAmericancontrol.Asa

result,SaudiArabia,KuwaitandahostofotherMiddleEasternproducerswouldbecome

keyUSoilsuppliers[CI2]Americanmilitaryprotection.Therecanbe[C13]

questionthat,foratime,Americandominationofworldoilproductionwould

proveapotentsourceofeconomicandmilitarypower.[C14]WorldWarII,an

abundanceofcheapUSoilspurredthe[C15]ofvastnewindustries,including

civilianairtravel,highwayconstruction,a[C16]ofsuburbanhousingand

commerce,mechanizedagriculture,andplastics.Abundantoilalsounderlaytheglobal

expansionofthecountry's[C17]power,asthePentagondefendedtheworld

whilebecomingoneoftheplanet'sgreatoilguzzlers.Itsglobaldominioncameto

[C181onanever-expandingarrayofoil-poweredships,planes,tanksand

missiles.AslongastheMiddleEast-andespeciallySaudiArabia-servedessentially

asanAmericangasstationandoil[C19]acheapcommodity,allthiswas

relativelypainless.Thatiswhytheuseofmilitaryforcehasbeena[C20]of

Americanforeignpolicysince1987.

26、[Cl]

A^monopoly

B>recession

C、recovery

D、expansion

标准答案：D

知识点解析：该句意思是“100多年前，美国通过石油巨头首次向海外进行经济扩

张“，"expansion”这里指“扩张

27、[C2]

A、established

B、channeled

C、organized

D、appointed

标准答案：A

知识点解析：这里只有“establish”可以和文中的、'beachhead（滩头阵地广构建，符合

上下文的意义。

28、[C3]

A、When

B、Since

C、As

D、Because

标准答案：C

知识点解析：该句的意思是“随着他们（这些巨头公司）对远方石油提炼变得越来越

依赖，美国的外交政策围绕获取和保护主要石油生产基地而进行重新构建“，所以

C符合题意。

29、[C4]

A、reorganized

readopted

C>reaffirmed

D^reassessed

标准答案：A

知识点解析：解释同上。

30、[C5]

A、producing

consuming

C、processing

D、refining

标准答案：A

知识点解析：解释同上。

31、[C6]

A、reputation

B、stability

C、security

D、confidence

标准答案：D

知识点解析：该句的意思是“因为二战和冷战，美国的石汕（生产）和国家安全互相

交缠在一起。“故D符合题意。

32、[C7]

A、forces

B、groups

C^parties

D、powers

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Axispowers指“轴心国”。

33、[C8]

A、energy

fuel

C、backup

D、living

标准答案：B

知识点解析：“fuel”在这里就是“oil”的同义替代词。

34、[C9]

A、conserves

B、preserves

C、reserves

D、deserves

标准答案：C

知识点解析：“conserve”意思是“保护，保藏"；“preserve”意思是“保护；保持，保

存”；“reserve”意思是“储备,储存”；“deserve”意思是“应受;应得；值得”。故C

符合题意。

35、[C10]

A、focused

B、transferred

C>turned

D、distracted

标准答案：C

知识点解析：“fbcus”和“on”搭配；“transfer噫思是“转让;转学;转乘”；“turn

one'sattentionto"意思是“把注意力转向...”，符合题意。“distract”意思是“使分

心；使混乱”。

36、[C111

A、brought

occupied

C^set

D、laid

标准答案：A

知识点解析：“bringsth.undercontrol”是一个固定搭配，意思是“控制住...

37、[C12]

A、for

B>under

C、below

D、in

标准答案：B

知识点解析：“undersomeone'sprotection”是一个固定搭配，意思是“