BFT（阅读）模拟试卷7

BFT(阅读)模拟试卷7

一、第一部分(本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。)

Readthearticlebelowandchoosethebestsentencefromthelistonthenextpagetofill

eachofthegaps.Foreachgap(1-8)markoneletter(A-H)ontheAnswerSheet.Donot

markanylettertwice.SmartphoneDatatoGiveEarlyWarningofEarthquakesOneday

lastAugust,intheearlyhoursofthemorning,a6.0-magnitudeearthquakerockedNapa

Valley,wakingpeopleallaroundCalifornia'sfamedwineregion.[RI]Oncethe

quakewasover,trackercompanyJawbonegatheredthedatainapublicgraphic,usingit

todetailthedifferencesindisturbanceforlifeloggersinBerkeley,OaklandandSanJose.

Nownewresearchshowsthatsensorsinsmartphonescangiveearlywarningofan

earthquaketoo.[R2]Manyofuswalkaroundladenwithdevicesthatcompile

dataonourmovementsandinterests-datathatseismologistsnowwanttohelpspotthe

nextmajorearthquake.AttheUSGeologicalSurvey,BenjaminBrooksislookingto

smartphonesratherthanfinelytunedscientificinstrumentstopredictbigquakes.

SmartphonescomeequippedwithGPSsensorsthatcantellwhereyou'restanding,give

ortakeafewmetres.[R3]Theycanalsosenseasuddenlurchinonedirection

—thekindofmovementthat,whenloggedbymanypeopleatonce,mightbeasignofa

seismicshift."ImagineallofPortlandwasoutatacafeonasunnyday,andeveryone's

smartphonesweresittingonthetablewhenoneofthesegreatearthquakeshappened."

saysBrooks."Thewholecitywouldappeartomove.*'[R4]Onesimulation

exploredamodelmagnitude7.0earthquakealongtheHaywardfault,andanotherused

actuallocationdatarecordedatscientificstationsduringJapan'sdevastating2011

megaquake.Bothscenariossuggestedthatdatafromaround5,000peoplewouldbe

enoughtospotthebeginningsofamajorearthquake,leavingabout5secondstowam

majorpopulationcentresthathadn'tyetfeltitseffects.Whenanearthquakeiscoming,a

fewsecondsofwarningcanbecrucial.[R5]"Yougetoutinfrontofthe

situationandinformpeoplebeforeanyilleffects,"saysBrooks.SmartsensingThisisn't

seismologists*firstforayintosmartphones.Twoyearsago,researchersattheCalifornia

InstituteofTechnologyinPasadenacameoutwithanapp,Crowdshake,whichmonitors

aphone'saccelerometer.[R6]Untilthen.Brooksandhiscolleaguesplanto

keepputtingsmartphonestothetest.InanupcomingpilotinChile,about250phones

willbestrippedoftheirstandardGPScardsandplacedinboxesaroundthecountry,

wherethey'lllieinwaittorecordthenextbigearthquake.Othershavefoundingenious

waystotapintohumanactivitytolocatequakes.[R7]Wheneverthere'sa

suddensurgeoftraffictotheirwebsite,theylookatwherevisitorsareaccessingitfrom

togetasenseofwheretheearthquakeisandhowstrongitmightbe.[R8]

Withinacoupleofminutes,theyhaveenoughinformationtopublishtheirfirst

unconfirmedreportsofthequake."Theinternetisthenervoussystemoftheplanet/'says

RemyBossu,secretarygeneralatthecentre."Ifwewanttomakerapidearthquake

informationavailabletothepublicandauthorities,wehavetofocusontheearthquakes

thatmatterforthem."A.AttheEuropean-MediterraneanSeismologicalCenter,

seismologistsrelyontheinternettopinpointwhereearthquakesarehappeningaroundthe

globe.B.Manywerewearingfitnesstrackers.C.Unfortunately,withGPSdataitisn'tas

simpleasbuildinganapp:Smartphonemanufacturersdon'tcurrentlyprovideaccessto

therawdatarequired.D.WhileJawbone'spostdidn'tinspireconfidenceintheprivacyof

users'data,itdidmakeapoint:Humanscanbeusefulsensors.E.Onanordinaryday,

thesearewhatallowustomapourwaytoastoreorgeolocateourtweets.F.Fire-station

doorscouldstarttoraise,gaspipelinescouldautomaticallyshutoff,andcityresidents

couldjumptosafetyunderanearbydesk.G.TheyalsomonitorTwitterforrelevant

keywords.H.BrooksandhiscolleagueshavenowtestedwhatcrowdsourcedGPSdata

mightlooklikeinarealearthquake.

1、[RlJ

标准答案：B

知识点解析：空格前说的是清晨的地震惊醒了加州著名红酒产区的人们。而B句

承上启下地谈到了其中许多人都随身佩戴健身跟踪器，正好引出下文：跟踪器生产

厂商收集跟踪器传送的数据信息做研究。

2、[R2]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：D句的意思是虽然Jawbone之前所说有侵犯用户隐私的嫌疑，但却也

说明人们可以成为有效的传感器。而空格后正是D句的具体化和延伸—人们佩

戴跟踪装置游走世界，地震学家们则通过这些跟踪器传输的数据预测下一次大地震

的发生。

3、[R3]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：空格前说的是配有GPS感应器的智能手机具有定位的功能，而E句

的例子正是定位功能的体现。

4、[R4]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：在空格前一段，Brooks说地震来临之际，通过人们的智能手机可以

显示全城民众的动态。而H句紧接上文谈到了Brooks的团队正涉及测试民众GPS

数据在真实地震中的现象。空格后的例证正是对H句测试方法的具体解释。

5、[R5]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：空格前说震前预警很重要，F句则具体例证如何重要。

6、[R6]

标准答案：C

知识点角1析：空格前说两年前研究人员就曾设计出一款手机应用程序软件，用以监

测手机的加速度。而C句紧接着谈到要获取GPS数据并不是仅仅设计出一款手机

应用程序软件那样简单，因为现在的手机生产商并不会提供获取原始数据的方法途

径。

7、[R7]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：空格前说另一些人运用巧妙的方法通过人们的活动来确定地震的位

置。A句则举例说明欧洲一地中海地震中心的地震学家们依靠网络来确定全球地震

发生的位置。

8、[R8]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：空格前说如何通过网络来确定地震发生的位置和强度。G句紧接着谈

到同时监测推特相应的关键词。空格后则是对前两句的总结——几分钟内，地震学

家就能获得足够的信息发布首则未经证实的地震报道。

二、第二部分(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。)

Readthefollowingpassageandanswerquestions9-18.1.Ifsustainablecompetitive

advantagedependsonwork-forceskills,Americanfirmshaveaproblem.Human­

resourcemanagementisnottraditionallyseenasacentraltothecompetitivesurvivalof

thefirmoftheUnitedStates.Skillacquisitionisconsideredanindividualresponsibility.

Laborissimplyanotherfactorofproductiontorentatthelowestpossiblecost—as

muchasonebuysrowmaterialsorequipment.2.Thelackoftheimportanceattachedto

human-resourcemanagementcanbeseeninthecooperationhierarchy.InanAmerican

firmthechieffinancialofficerisalmostalwayssecondincommand.Thepostofheadof

human-resourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offatedgeofcorporate

hierarchy.Theexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsand

hasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer.Bywayofcontrast,inJapanthe

headofhuman-resourcemanagementiscentral—usuallythesecondmostimportant

executive,aftertheCEO,inthefirm'shierarchy.3.WhileAmericanfirmsoftentalk

aboutthevastamountsspentontrainingtheirworkforces,infacttheyinvestlessinthe

skillsoftheiremployees(handoeitherJapaneseorGermanfirms.Themoneytheydois

alsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalandmanagerialemployees.Andthe

limitedinvestmentsonmoderntrainingworkersaremuchmorenarrowlyfocusedonthe

specificskillsnecessarytodothenextjobratherthanonthebasicbackgroundskillsthat

makeitpossibletoabsorbnewtechnologies.4.Asaresult,problemsemergewhennew

breakthroughtechnologiesarrived.IfAmericanworkers,forexample,takemuchlonger

tolearnhowtooperatenewflexiblemanufacturingstationsthanworkersinGermany

do(astheydo),theeffectivecostofthosestationsislowerinGermanythanitisinUnited

States.Moretimesisrequiredbeforeequipmentisupandrunningatcapacity,andthe

needfbrextensiveretraininggeneratescostsandcreatesbottlenecksthatlimitthespeed,

withwhichnewequipmentcanbeemployed.5.Theresultisaslowerpaceof

technologicalchanges.Andintheendtheskillsofthebottomhalfofthepopulation

affectthewagesofthetophalf.Ifthebottomhalfcannoteffectivelystafftheprocesses

标准答案：D

知识点解析：由第1段第1句的条件句：“如果美国公司的竞争优势依赖于工人的

技术，问题就大了。“推出：美国公司的竞争并不靠工人技术。因此答案是D。

16、Theheadofhumanresourcemanagementisa/an.

标准答案：E

知识点解析：参照文章第2段第2句，因此答案是E。

17、ThemoneytheAmericanfirmsputinwork-forcetraininggoesto.

标准答案:A

知识点解析：根据文章第3段第2句，因此答案是A。

18、Thedecisivefactorinmaintainingafirm'scompetitiveadvantageis_____..

标准答案：FJ-

知识点解析：由文章最后一段最后两句，因此答案是F。

三、第三部分（本题共7题，每题1.0分，共7分。）

Readthefollowingarticlefromanewspaperandanswerquestions19-25.Forquestions

19-25,choosethecorrectanswerA,B,CorD.Corzine'sDownfallThecollapsethis

weekofthebroker-dealerMFGlobalandtheduepunishmentofitschiefexecutiveJon

Corzine,whoresignedFriday,havebeenandwillbeputtomanypoliticalandrhetorical

purposes.MFGlobal'sbankruptcyhasbeencalled,possibly,thefirstdominoina

potentialcollapseoftheEuropeanbankingsystem;inthisrendering,it'saroughanalog

tothefailure,inthespringof2008,ofBearSrearns,whichwarnedthechaosofautumn.

Itmightwellbecastasastimulusformoregovernmentregulation,orsmarterregulation;

tosome,itmightevenbeacasestudyinoverregulation.Everyrationaleforregulation

seemstocontain,asyangtoitsyin,anargumentthatregulationisactuallytoblame.

Corzine'sdownfallisanupdateonIcarus,allillustrationofarrogance.Itremindsusthat

leveragekills,thatitisdangeroustopickupnickelsinfrontofasteamroller,thatriskis

risky,thatpigsgelfalwhilehogsgetslaughtered.ItcomplicatestheDemocrats'hopesof

controllinganli-WallStreetfervorinthePresidentialelection,becauseCorzinehasbeen

oneofBarackObama'smostgeneroussupporters-apossiblefutureTreasurySecretary.

TheRepublicanswillnotsoonletthisonego.Itcertainlyfurtherstainsthereputationof

GoldmanSachs.Corzine,aformerC.E.O,ofGoldman,tookoveracompanypartially

ownedbythefirmofano:herex-Goldmanite,ChristopherFlowers,andmanaged,ina

yearandahalf,todestroyit,inpartwhileresistingoversightfromagovernment

regulator.ThatregulatorcomesfromtheCommodityFuturesTradingCommission,

whosechairman,GaryGensle,isalsoaGoldmanalumnus.Itfurtherdamagesthe

perception,ormyth,thatabecoming-a-partneratGoldmanSachsindicatesbrilliance,or

insuressuccessoralifetimeinclusioninthevampire-squid-piracy,althoughyoucanfind

whisperingsofaconspiracytheorythatGoldmanplantedCorzineatMFGlobalinorder

todestroyit—anotionthatisalmostasdeceivingasitisridiculous.Corzane'scollapse

isalsoanoccasionfortaking-plcasurc-in-othcrs'-suffcring.Itisanoccasionforthose

amongOccupyWallStreet's99percent,who'dbereadytopitchforkhimtopieces.Itis

alsoanoccasionforthetinycoweringminority,whomayresentGoldmanforits

perceivedarroganceorcunning,orwhomayquestiontheconceitedfollyandcivicharm

ofCorzine'sspendingoverahundredmillionofhisownmoneytogetelectedtopublic

office.Thesentiment,amonghispeers,wasthatCorzinewasn'tsogreatatradertobegin

with.AndthesentimentwasalsothatintheyearssincehehadleftGoldman,hisskills,

suchastheywere,hadgotrustyoroutdated.ItisironicthatCorzineblunderedby,andis

beingcriticizedfor,amongotherthings,bettingtoounbalancedlyonEurope.Thatis,MF

GlobalwasbankingonthehopethatPortugal,Ireland,Italy,andGreece(whosebondsare

collectivelyknownasPUGS)wouldnotdefaultontheirdebtsbytheendoftheyear.It

mighthaveturnedouttobeagoodbet,wereitnotforthefactthatitwasmadesneakily

withmoneythatwasborrowedandperhapseveneffectivelystolen-orforthefactthathe

basicallybetthefirm,andthefarm.GoldmanSachs,meanwhile,hasbeencriticized,

sincethehousingmeltdownof2008,forhavingprofitedfrombetsagainstthehousing

market-forshortingcrappyderivativesbasedonmortgages.Thatwasagoodbet,

exceptthatGoldmanmadeitwhiledumpingthosecrappyderivativesonitsunwitting

clients.

19、Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto.

A、analyzetheaftermathofCorzine'sdownfall

B、challengethecontrolofCorzine'soversight

C^criticizethefaultofCorzine'sprofessionaljob

D、exposetheinjusticeofCorzine'sglobalpolicy

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考查全文主旨。结合标题和文章内容，A句概括了本文的主题。

20、TheMFGlobaPsbankruptcy.

A、initiatestheabruptreformsofthegovernmentregulation

B、arousestheself-inspectionofthegovernmentregulation

C>triggersthechain-reactionoftheEuropeanbankingsystem

D、startstheoverallcollapseofdieEuiopeanbankingsystem

标准答案：c-'

知识点解析：依靠“MFGlobalbankruptcy”定位在第1段第三行，得知它的破产产

生了多米诺效应。故C符合题意。

21Theunderlinedexpressioninthe2ndparagraphindicatesthatCorzineistoo.

A^cynical

B、greedy

C^arrogant

D、ambitious

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第2段的前两句罗列了人们从Corzine失败得到的启示和教训。画线

部分指出他失败的原因之一是因为“贪婪

22、Corzine'sdownfalliswelcomedbytheRepublicansbecauseheis.

A、aconfidentialthinktankeroftheDemocrats

B、akeycandidatealternativefortheDemocrats

C^amajorfinancialresourcefortheDemocrats

D、acrucialpoliticalsupporteroftheDemocrats

标准答案：C

知识点解析：定位词“Republicans”指向第2段最后一句，但“Republicans”对此事件

不轻易放过去的原因在前一句，故C正确。

23CorzinestainedthereputationofGoldmanSachsinthatheisnot.

A、competentasachiefexecutive

B、insistentasareformpromoter

C、faithfulasabusinesspartner

D、qualifiedasafinancialexpert

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此题的“stained”是线索词，指向第3段。第3段进一步分析了为什么

Corzine的失败玷污了GoldmanSachs的名声。文中说他是"aformerC.E.0”,故

可排除A。B和C在文中没有直接表述，也不符合题意，只有D符合推理。

24、ThemockingandsneeringonCorzine'sfailuremightcomefrom.

A、protestantsandrivals

B、clientsandemployers

C>expertsandofficials

D、PIIGSandregulators

标准答案：A'

知识点解析：本题答案位于第5段。由此段的第2、3句可得出A答案。

25、Accordingtotheauthor,Corzine'sfailureresultsfrom.

A、hisintensiveinterestinpoliticalreforms

B、hiswrongpredictiononEuropeandebts

C、hisdefiniterefusaltoofficialregulations

D、hisretardedupdateofprofessionalskills

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题答案位于最后一段，梢微浏览一下本段内容即可得出B答案。

四、第四部分（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

Readthefollowingpassageandchoosethebestwordforeachspace.Theneedfora

surgicaloperation,[Cl]anemergencyoperation,almostalwayscomesasa

[C2]shocktothepatientandhisfamily.Despitemodernadvances,most

peoplestillhavean[C3]fearofhospitals.Patientsdonotoftenbelievethey

reallyneedsurgery-cuttingintoapartofthebexlyas[C4]totreatmentwith

drugs.Intheearlyyearsofthiscenturytherewas[C5]specializationinsurgery.

Agoodsurgeonwascapable[C6)almosteveryoperationthathadbeen[C7]

uptothattime.Todaythe[C8]isdifferent.Operationsarenowbeing

carried[C9]thatwerenotevendreamedoffiftyyearsago.Theheartcanbe

safelyopened.Alung,thewholestomach,orevenpartofthebraincanberemovedand

stillpermitthepatienttolivea[CIO]andsatisfactorylife.The[ClI]

ofsurgeryhasincrease[02]inthiscentury.Itssafetyhasincrease,too.

Deathsfrommostoperationsareabout20%ofwhattheywerein1910andsurgeryhas

beenextended[C13]manydirections.Thehospitalstayaftersurgeryhasbeen

[C14]toaslittleasaweekformostmajoroperations.Mostpatientsareoutof

bedonthedayaftertheiroperation【Cl5】maybebackatworkintwoorthree

weeks.Manydevelopmentsinmodernsurgeryarealmost[C16].Oneofthe

mostrevolutionaryareasofmodernsurgeryis[C17]oforgantransplants.Ithas

beendiscoveredthatwiththeuseofX-raysandspecialdrugs,itispossibletotransplant

[C18]fromonepersontoanotherwhichwill[C19]forperiodsofa

yearormore.Heartandlungtransplantshavebeenreasonablysuccessfulinanimals.

[C20]rejectionproblemsinhumanshaveyettobesolved.

26、[Cl]

A、especially

B、normally

C^probably

D、actually

标准答案：A

知识点解析：考点：词义辨析。分析：木句意为：“对外科手术，——是对紧急手

术的需求，几乎总是给病人和家庭带来——的震动。”4个选项的意思分别是

A.especially"尤其是”;B.normally“正常地”；C.probably"很可能";

D.actually“实际上”。杈据上下文可知，只有选项A符合题意，故正确。

27、[C2]

A、moral

B、severe

C、brief

D、ordinary

标准答案：B

知识点解析：考点：词义辨析。分析：本句大意见上题。4个选项的意思分别是

A.moral“道德的"；B.severe“严重的”；C.brief'简短的"；D.ordinary“普通

的“。根据上下文可知，只有选项B符合题意，故正确。

28、[C3]

A、regular

B>irregular

C、rational

D、irrational

标准答案：D

知识点解析：考点：上下文推理、词义辨析。分析：本句意为：“尽管现代科技在

发展，大部分人对医院还是存在着——的恐惧。”4个选项的意思分别是

A.regular"规则的“；B.irregular“不规则的"；C.rational“理智的”；

D.irrational“不理智的”。根据上下文，只有选项D符合题意，故正确。

29、[C4]

A、opposed

B、proposed

C、posed

D、supposed

标准答案：A

知识点解析：考点：习惯搭配。分析：本句意为：“病人不太相信他们确实需要外

科手术，也就是将身体的一部分切割，——药物治疗。”只有选项A.opposed可以

构成asopposedto的习惯搭配，表示“与对比”，故选项A正确。

30、[C5]

A、first

B、more

C、little

D、much

标准答案：C

知识点解析：考点：上下文推理。分析：本句意为：“在本世纪早期，在外科手术

中，——专业化。”根据上下文，只有选项C符合题意，表示手术还不存在很细的

专业化。

31、[C6]

A、performing

beginning

CNdoing

D、coming

标准答案：A

知识点解析：考点：习惯搭配。分析：本句意为“一个好的外科大夫能——几乎能

够做那个时代的所有手术。”只有选项A可以构成performoperation的习惯搭

配，表示“做手术”，故选项A正确。

32、[C7]

A、revised

advised

C、devised

D、reversed

标准答案：C

知识点解析：考点：形近词辨析。分析：本句意思见上题。4个选项的意思分别是

A.revised“修订”；B.advised”建议"；C.devised"发明”；D.reversed“逆转"。根

据上下文，只有选项C符合题意。

33、[C8]

A、opportunity

B、possibility

C、situation

D、occasion

标准答案：C

知识点解析：考点:词义辨析。分析：4个选项的意思分别是A.opportunity"机

会“；B.possibility"可能性”；C.situation“情况”；D.occasion“场合根据上下

文，只有选项C符合题意。

34、[C9]

A、in

BNout

C、with

D、up

标准答案：B

知识点解析：考点：习惯搭配。分析：本句意为："如今的手术可以以50年前没有

想过的方式—。”只有选项B可以构成carryout的习惯搭配，表示“执行”，故B

正确。

35、[C10]

A、terrible

B、comfortable

C、respective

D^particular

标准答案：B

知识点解析：考点：上下文推理。分析：本句意为：“肺、整个胃，甚至大脑的一

部分都可以被切除，并且仍然保证病人拥有和令人满意的生活。”4个选项

的意思分别是A.terrible“可怕的"；B.comfortable“舒适的"；C.respective”令人

尊敬的“；D.particular“特殊的”。根据上下文，只有选项B符合题意，故正确。

36、[C11]

A、scope

B、degree

C^number

D、length

标准答案：A

知识点解析：考点：词义辨析。分析：本句意为：“本世纪外科手术的一有着-

-的增长、”4个选项的意思分别是A.