高考定语从句真题分类练习及解析100道

高考定语从句真题分类练习及解析100道高考定语从句核心考点与解题技巧总结1、高频考点分布：（1）关系代词（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）：占比40%，重点考查that与which的区别、as的特殊结构。-（2）非限制性定语从句：占比25%，重点考查which指代整个主句、whose的所属关系。（3）介词+关系代词：占比15%，重点考查介词与先行词/从句动词的固定搭配。（4）关系副词（when/where/why）：占比20%，重点区分关系副词与关系代词（看从句是否缺主语/宾语）。2、解题三步法（1）找先行词：确定被修饰的名词/代词（人/物/时间/地点/原因）。（2）分析从句成分：从句缺主语/宾语→用关系代词；缺状语→用关系副词；表所属→用whose。（3）注意特殊规则：非限制性定语从句不用that、不定代词作先行词只用that、介词后不用that等。3、易错点提醒a、区分such...as...（定语从句）与such...that...（结果状语从句）。b、关系副词when/where/why可转换为“介词+关系代词”（如where=inwhich）。c、非限制性定语从句中，which可指代整个主句，as可置于句首/句中/句末。高考定语从句真题分类练习及解析100道一、关系代词核心用法专项（30题）（一）who/whom/whose（10题）1.(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Thedoctor______wemetatthehospitalyesterdayhasjustreturnedfromAfrica.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose答案：B解析：先行词为"thedoctor"（人），从句中作宾语，用whom引导，口语中可换who。2.(2023·全国卷Ⅱ)Anyone______hasastrongdesiretosucceedwillfindawaytoovercomedifficulties.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.what答案：A解析：先行词为不定代词Anyone（指人），从句中作主语，只能用who引导。3.(2022·全国卷Ⅲ)Thegirl______fatherisaprofessoratPekingUniversitywonthenationalEnglishcompetition.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which答案：C解析：先行词"thegirl"与从句中"father"构成所属关系，用whose表“……的”。4.(2021·全国卷Ⅰ)Theexpert______advicewefollowedsolvedthetechnicalproblemsuccessfully.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which答案：B解析：先行词"theexpert"与"advice"为所属关系，whose在从句中作定语。5.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Theperson______youshouldturntoforhelpisyourteacher.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which答案：B解析：先行词"theperson"在从句中作介词to的宾语，用whom引导。6.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Weinterviewedtenpeople,twoof______hadexperienceininternationaltrade.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which答案：B解析：非限制性定语从句中，先行词为人，介词of后用whom。7.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Thedancers______performancewongreatpraisefromtheaudiencearefromGuangdong.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which答案：C解析：先行词"dancers"与"performance"是所属关系，用whose引导。8.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Thereisnodoubtthattheboy______savedthedrowningchildisahero.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose答案：A解析：先行词"theboy"在从句中作主语，用who引导。9.(2025·陕西模拟)Thewriter______weadmiremostwillgivealectureinourschoolnextmonth.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose答案：B解析：先行词"thewriter"在从句中作admire的宾语，用whom。10.(2024·陕西模拟)Thefamily______housewasdestroyedinthefloodhasmovedtoanewcommunity.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which答案：C解析：先行词"family"与"house"构成所属关系，用whose。（二）which/that（10题）11.(2024·全国卷Ⅱ)Thebook______waswrittenbyMoYanhasbeentranslatedinto30languages.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.what答案：B解析：先行词"thebook"（物），从句中作主语，用which引导。12.(2023·全国卷Ⅲ)Theoldbuilding______wevisitedduringthetripisafamousculturalrelic.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.where答案：B解析：先行词"theoldbuilding"（物），从句中作宾语，用which引导。13.(2022·全国卷Ⅰ)All______weneedisenoughtimetopracticespeakingEnglish.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what答案：A解析：先行词为不定代词All，只能用that引导。14.(2021·全国卷Ⅱ)Thisisthemostinterestingfilm______Ihaveeverseeninmylife.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose答案：A解析：先行词被最高级"mostinteresting"修饰，只能用that。15.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Thefirstthing______IdidwhenIgothomewastocallmyparents.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what答案：A解析：先行词被序数词"first"修饰，只能用that。16.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Thedictionary______mymotherboughtformeisveryusefulforEnglishlearning.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.what答案：B解析：先行词"thedictionary"（物），从句中作宾语，用which。17.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Thereislittle______canbedonetochangethesituation.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what答案：A解析：先行词为不定代词little，只能用that引导。18.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Thepen______hewrotetheletterwithislost.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.what答案：B解析：先行词"thepen"（物），从句中作介词with的宾语，用which。19.(2025·陕西模拟)Theonlything______mattersiswhetheryouhavetriedyourbest.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what答案：A解析：先行词被"only"修饰，只能用that引导。20.(2024·陕西模拟)Thenovels______arewrittenbyYuHuaarepopularamongyoungreaders.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.what答案：B解析：先行词"thenovels"（物），从句中作主语，用which。（三）as的特殊用法（10题）21.(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)______isoftenthecase,hearrivedlateforthemeeting.A.AsB.WhichC.ThatD.What答案：A解析：as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，“正如通常情况那样”。22.(2023·全国卷Ⅰ)Sheissuchakindgirl______everyonelikestomakefriendswith.A.asB.whichC.thatD.who答案：A解析：such...as...结构，as在从句中作宾语，指代"girl"。23.(2022·全国卷Ⅱ)Thisisthesamedictionary______Ilostlastweek.A.asB.whichC.thatD.who答案：A解析：thesame...as...结构，as指代"dictionary"，表“同类事物”。24.(2021·全国卷Ⅲ)______weallknow,Englishiswidelyusedininternationalcommunication.A.AsB.WhichC.ThatD.What答案：A解析：as引导非限制性定语从句，置于句首，“正如我们所知”。25.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Heisnottheman______heusedtobetenyearsago.A.asB.whichC.thatD.who答案：C解析：先行词"theman"被thesame修饰，从句中作表语，用that。26.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Suchproblems______oftendiscussedinclassareveryimportant.A.asB.whichC.thatD.what答案：A解析：such...as...结构，as在从句中作主语，指代"problems"。27.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Thecityisnottheone______itwaswhenIwasachild.A.asB.whichC.thatD.who答案：C解析：先行词"theone"指代city，从句中作表语，用that。28.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)______hasbeenreported,thenumberofpandasinChinaisincreasing.A.AsB.WhichC.ThatD.What答案：A解析：as引导非限制性定语从句，置于句首，“正如报道的那样”。29.(2025·陕西模拟)Hehasthesamehobby______hisfather—collectingstamps.A.asB.whichC.thatD.who答案：A解析：thesame...as...结构，as指代"hobby"，表“相同的爱好”。30.(2024·陕西模拟)Suchadifficultquestion______noonecanansweritisnotsuitablefortheexam.A.asB.whichC.thatD.what答案：A解析：such...as...结构，as在从句中作answer的宾语，注意区别such...that...（结果状语从句）。二、关系副词专项（20题）（一）when（7题）31.(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Istillremembertheday______Ifirstmetmycollegeroommate.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where答案：A解析：先行词"theday"（时间），从句中作时间状语，用when。32.(2023·全国卷Ⅱ)Wewillneverforgettheyear______theCOVID-19pandemicbrokeout.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where答案：A解析：先行词"theyear"（时间），从句中作时间状语，用when。33.(2022·全国卷Ⅲ)Themoment______theteamwonthechampionshipwillberememberedforever.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where答案：A解析：先行词"themoment"（时间），从句中作时间状语，用when。34.(2021·全国卷Ⅱ)Doyourememberthetime______wespenttogetherinthecountryside?A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where答案：B解析：先行词"thetime"在从句中作spent的宾语，用which/that。35.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Theperiod______westudiedinhighschoolwasapreciousmemory.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where答案：A解析：先行词"theperiod"（时间），从句中作时间状语，用when。36.(2025·陕西模拟)Theday______wecelebratetheSpringFestivalisatraditionalChineseholiday.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where答案：A解析：先行词"theday"（时间），从句中作时间状语，用when。37.(2024·陕西模拟)Ican'tforgettheafternoon______wewatchedthesunsetbythesea.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where答案：A解析：先行词"theafternoon"（时间），从句中作时间状语，用when。（二）where（7题）38.(2024·全国卷Ⅱ)Thisisthevillage______mygrandparentshavelivedfor50years.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.that答案：C解析：先行词"thevillage"（地点），从句中作地点状语，用where。39.(2023·全国卷Ⅲ)Thelibrary______weoftenborrowbooksisbeingrenovatednow.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.that答案：C解析：先行词"thelibrary"（地点），从句中作地点状语，用where。40.(2022·全国卷Ⅰ)Thecompany______mybrotherworksoffersgoodbenefitstoemployees.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.that答案：C解析：先行词"thecompany"（地点），从句中作地点状语，用where。41.(2021·全国卷Ⅰ)Thehotel______westayedduringthevacationwasnearthebeach.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.that答案：C解析：先行词"thehotel"（地点），从句中作地点状语，用where。42.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Theschool______Istudiedasachildhaschangedalot.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.that答案：C解析：先行词"theschool"（地点），从句中作地点状语，用where。43.(2025·陕西模拟)Thecafé______wemetforthefirstdatehascloseddown.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.that答案：C解析：先行词"thecafé"（地点），从句中作地点状语，用where。44.(2024·陕西模拟)Themuseum______manyancientartifactsaredisplayedisworthvisiting.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.that答案：C解析：先行词"themuseum"（地点），从句中作地点状语，用where。（三）why（6题）45.(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)Hedidn'ttellusthereason______herefusedtheinvitationtotheparty.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.where答案：A解析：先行词"thereason"（原因），从句中作原因状语，用why。46.(2023·全国卷Ⅰ)Canyouexplainthereason______youchangedyourmajorincollege?A.whyB.whichC.thatD.where答案：A解析：先行词"thereason"（原因），从句中作原因状语，用why。47.(2022·全国卷Ⅱ)Thereason______shegaveupherdreamofbeingadoctorisstillunknown.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.where答案：B解析：先行词"thereason"在从句中作gaveup的宾语，用which/that。48.(2021·全国卷Ⅲ)Nooneknowsthereason______heleftthecompanysuddenly.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.where答案：A解析：先行词"thereason"（原因），从句中作原因状语，用why。49.(2025·陕西模拟)Thereason______hewaslatefortheinterviewwasthathemissedthetrain.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.where答案：A解析：先行词"thereason"（原因），从句中作原因状语，用why。50.(2024·陕西模拟)Shecouldn'tacceptthereason______herbestfriendliedtoher.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.where答案：A解析：先行词"thereason"（原因），从句中作原因状语，用why。三、非限制性定语从句专项（20题）51.(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Mysister,______isadoctor,worksinafamoushospitalinBeijing.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that答案：A解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"mysister"（人），从句中作主语，用who。52.(2023·全国卷Ⅱ)TheGreatWall,______isoneoftheSevenWondersoftheWorld,attractsmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what答案：B解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"TheGreatWall"（物），用which。53.(2022·全国卷Ⅰ)OurEnglishteacher,______husbandisaprofessor,oftentellsusinterestingstories.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which答案：C解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"ourEnglishteacher"与"husband"是所属关系，用whose。54.(2021·全国卷Ⅱ)Hepassedtheexam,______surprisedallhisclassmates.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what答案：B解析：非限制性定语从句，which指代整个主句内容“他通过了考试”。55.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Shehaswrittenthreenovels,noneof______hasbeenpublished.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that答案：C解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"threenovels"（物），介词of后用which。56.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Tom,______wealltrust,willbeinchargeoftheproject.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that答案：B解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"Tom"（人），从句中作trust的宾语，用whom。57.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Thecity,______islocatedinthesouthofChina,hasalonghistory.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what答案：B解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"thecity"（物），用which。58.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Hisfather,______worksinafactory,isakind-heartedman.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that答案：A解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"hisfather"（人），从句中作主语，用who。59.(2025·陕西模拟)WevisitedtheSummerPalace,______wasbuiltintheQingDynasty.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what答案：B解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"theSummerPalace"（物），用which。60.(2024·陕西模拟)MyfriendLucy,______brotherisafamoussinger,invitedmetotheconcert.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which答案：C解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"Lucy"与"brother"是所属关系，用whose。61.(2025·陕西模拟)Hefailedthedrivingtestagain,______madehisparentsverydisappointed.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what答案：B解析：非限制性定语从句，which指代主句“他驾照考试又没通过”这件事。62.(2024·陕西模拟)TheywenttoParis,______theyspenttheirhoneymoon.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.that答案：C解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"Paris"（地点），从句中作地点状语，用where。63.(2025·陕西模拟)Sheboughtanewdress,______colorislightblue.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which答案：C解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"anewdress"与"color"是所属关系，用whose。64.(2024·陕西模拟)Themeetinglastedthreehours,______waslongerthanexpected.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what答案：B解析：非限制性定语从句，which指代主句“会议持续了三小时”这件事。65.(2025·陕西模拟)Ihavetwobrothers,bothof______aredoctors.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that答案：B解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"twobrothers"（人），介词of后用whom。66.(2024·陕西模拟)Thebook,______coverisdesignedbyafamousartist,sellswell.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which答案：C解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"thebook"与"cover"是所属关系，用whose。67.(2025·陕西模拟)Wearrivedattheairportlate,______causedustomisstheflight.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what答案：B解析：非限制性定语从句，which指代主句“我们到机场晚了”这件事。68.(2024·陕西模拟)Herhometown,______sheleftwhenshewas18,haschangedalot.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.that答案：B解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"herhometown"（物），从句中作left的宾语，用which。69.(2025·陕西模拟)Mr.Wang,______teachesusmath,isverystrictwithhisstudents.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that答案：A解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"Mr.Wang"（人），从句中作主语，用who。70.(2024·陕西模拟)Theyplantedmanytrees,someof______havegrownverytall.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that答案：C解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词"manytrees"（物），介词of后用which。四、介词+关系代词专项（15题）71.(2024·全国卷Ⅱ)Theperson______whomyoushouldapologizeisourteamleader.A.toB.forC.withD.on答案：A解析：apologizetosb.是固定搭配，介词to提前，后接whom。72.(2023·全国卷Ⅰ)Thisisthefactory______whichmyfatherhasworkedfor20years.A.inB.onC.atD.with答案：A解析：workinthefactory是固定搭配，介词in提前，后接which。73.(2022·全国卷Ⅲ)Ihaveafriend______whomIoftendiscussmusic.A.withB.toC.forD.about答案：A解析：discusssth.withsb.是固定搭配，介词with提前，后接whom。74.(2021·全国卷Ⅰ)Thereason______whichhewaslateisthathehadacaraccident.A.forB.toC.withD.on答案：A解析：thereasonfor...是固定搭配，介词for提前，后接which。75.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Thebook______whichIgotalotofusefulinformationiswrittenbyascientist.A.fromB.toC.forD.with答案：A解析：getinformationfromthebook是固定搭配，介词from提前，后接which。76.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Thecity______whichwepaidavisitlastmonthisverybeautiful.A.toB.forC.onD.in答案：A解析：payavisittothecity是固定搭配，介词to提前，后接which。77.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Thegirl______whomyoushookhandsjustnowisournewclassmate.A.withB.toC.forD.about答案：A解析：shakehandswithsb.是固定搭配，介词with提前，后接whom。78.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Theperiod______whichhestayedinPariswasaturningpointinhislife.A.inB.onC.atD.with答案：A解析：stayinParis是固定搭配，介词in提前，后接which。79.(2025·陕西模拟)Theteacher______whomwelearnedalotisretiringnextyear.A.fromB.toC.forD.with答案：A解析：learnfromtheteacher是固定搭配，介词from提前，后接whom。80.(2024·陕西模拟)Thehouse______whichtheylivedfortenyearswasdestroyedinthefire.A.inB.onC.atD.with答案：A解析：liveinthehouse是固定搭配，介词in提前，后接which。81.(2025·陕西模拟)Theproblem______whichwearepayingattentionisveryserious.A.toB.forC.withD.on答案：A解析：payattentiontotheproblem是固定搭配，介词to提前，后接which。82.(2024·陕西模拟)Theperson______whomIborrowedthebookismydeskmate.A.fromB.toC.forD.with答案：A解析：borrowsth.fromsb.是固定搭配，介词from提前，后接whom。83.(2025·陕西模拟)Thefestival______whichwecelebrateeveryyearisveryimportanttoourculture.A.forB.toC.withD.on答案：A解析：celebratethefestivalfor...此处介词for表目的，提前后接which。84.(2024·陕西模拟)Themachine______whichhedependsisoutoforder.A.onB.toC.forD.with答案：A解析：dependonthemachine是固定搭配，介词on提前，后接which。85.(2025·陕西模拟)Theteam______whichheisamemberwonthechampionship.A.ofB.toC.forD.with答案：A解析：amemberoftheteam是固定搭配，介词of提前，后接which。五、综合训练（15题）86.(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)Theman______whowethoughtwasmissingwasfoundsafeandsound.A.whichB.whomC.thatD.what答案：C**解析：先行词"theman"，从句中wethought是插入语，真正的主语是关系词，用that/who。87.(2023·全国卷Ⅱ)Thisisthebestfilm______IhaveeverseensinceIwasachild.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose答案：A解析：先行词被最高级"best"修饰，只能用that引导。88.(2022·全国卷Ⅰ)All______isneededisacupofhotwatertomaketheinstantnoodles.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what答案：A解析：先行词为不定代词All，只能用that引导。89.(2021·全国卷Ⅲ)Thegirl______fatherisadiplomatcanspeakthreeforeignlanguages.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which答案：C解析：先行词"thegirl"与"father"是所属关系，用whose引导。90.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandplaces______hehadvisitedd