福建省四校联考2025-2026学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省四校联考2025-2026学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）ATheNationalGalleryDescription:TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseumbuiltonthenorthsideofTrafalgarSquareinLondon.Ithousesadiversecollectionofmorethan2,300examplesofEuropeanartrangingfrom13th-centuryreligiouspaintingstomoremodernonesbyRenoirandVanGogh.TheoldercollectionsofthegalleryarereachedthroughthemainentrancewhilethemoremodernworksintheEastWingaremosteasilyreachedfromTrafalgarSquarebyagroundfloorentrance.Layout:ThemodernSainsburyWingonthewesternsideofthebuildinghouses13th-to15th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeDuccio,Uccello,VanEyck,Lippi,Mantegna,BotticelliandMemling.ThemainWestWinghouses16th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci,Cranach,Michelangelo,Raphael,Bruegel,Bronzino,TitanandVeronese.TheNorthWinghouses17th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeCaravaggio,Rubens,Poussin,VanDyck,Velazquez,ClaudeandVermeer.TheEastWinghouses18th-toearly20th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeCanaletto,Goya,Turner,Constable,RenoirandVanGogh.OpeningHours:TheGalleryisopeneverydayfrom10amto6pm(Fridays10amto9pm)andisfree,butchargesapplytosomespecialexhibitions.GettingThere:Nearestundergroundstations:CharingCross(2-minutewalk),LeicesterSquare(3-minutewalk),Embankment(7-minutewalk),andPiccadillyCircus(8-minutewalk).1.Inwhichcentury’scollectioncanyouseereligiouspaintings?A.The20th B.The17thC.The18th D.The13th2.WhereareLeonardodaVinci’sworksshown?A.IntheEastWing. B.InthemainWestWing.C.IntheSainsburyWing. D.IntheNorthWing.3.WhichundergroundstationisclosesttotheNationalGallery?A.CharingCross. B.LeicesterSquare.C.Embankment. D.PiccadillyCircus.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国国家美术馆的展品以及这个展馆的布置、开馆的时间等情况。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的rangingfrom13th­centuryreligiouspaintingsto...可知人们可以在这里看到13世纪的宗教图画。B、C、D三项中的图画都没有涉及religious这个词。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。由第三段中的ThemainWestWinghouses16th­centurypaintings，andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci...可知，达•芬奇的作品可以在themainWestWing中看到，因此选B。其他几个地方都没有展出达•芬奇的画。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Nearestundergroundstations：CharingCross(2­minutewalk)．可知，CharingCross离国家美术馆只有步行2分钟的路程，其他几个地方离国家美术馆的距离都比CharingCross远。故选A。B“I’mgoingtofail!”Mybestfriendcried.SheandIhadthisconversationalmosteverydaywhilewewereinhighschool.Thetruthwasthatmyfriendneverfailedinanysubjects.Ijustthinkthatshecan’tacceptfailuresbecauseshelivesherlifeasaperfectionist(完美主义者).Whatshefailstounderstandisthatalotofgoodcancomefromfailures.Forexample,failurecanhelpbuildrelationships.OnceIwascookingdinnerforafriend,Iwastired,andseveraldishesItriedtomaketurnedoutbad.IgrewmoreandmoreupsetuntilmyfriendtoldmethatIshouldn’tworry.Shecaredmoreaboutourfriendshipthanthedishes.Thatday,Ilearnedthatfailuredoesn’talwaysmakepeopledislikeyou.Infact,aftershesaidthosewordstome,Igrewclosertoher.Failurecanmakesuccessevermoreexciting.Everyfewyears,therewouldbeanimportanttestinthePEclassatourschool.Studentshadtorunamilewithineightminutes.Iwasnevergoodatrunning,soIfailedeverytimeuntilthethirdyearatschool.ThenIbeganworkingoutregularly,andyetstillfailedthatyear.Afewdayslater,however,theteachergavemeandsomeotherstudentsanotherchancetorunandIgotapassfinally!Youcan’timaginehowexcitedIwasafterthat.Ifeltthememoryofthesuccesswasassweetashoney,becauseIhadtoovercomefailuretoreachit.Nowit’scleartoseethatfailurecanteachusgoodlessons.It’snotanend—itcanbeabeginning.4.Whatdidtheauthorfinallygetfromafailedcooking?A.Worries. B.Acloserfriendship. C.Badfeelings. D.Moreexperience.5.Whydidtheauthorfeelexcitedaftertherunningtest?A.Becauseshecouldworkoutregularly. B.Becauseshereceivedhoneyasareward.C.Becausesheachievedsuccessaftermanyfailures. D.Becauseshegotanotherchancetotakethetest.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overcome”inParagraph4mean?A.Successfullydealwith. B.Quicklyrespondto.C.Narrowlyescapefrom D.Eagerlycomeupwith.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.toshowthenegativeeffectsoffailures B.topointoutherbestfriendsfearoffailuresC.tointroducedifferenttypesoffailures D.toencouragethereaderstofacefailuresbravely【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述朋友和自己的经历来告诉我们要勇敢的面对失败，因为失败也能让我们学到很多事情。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thatday,Ilearnedthatfailuredoesn’talwaysmakepeopledislikeyou.Infact,aftershesaidthosewordstome,Igrewclosertoher.(那天，我明白了失败并不总是让人讨厌你。事实上，在她对我说了这些话之后，我和她更亲近了)”可知，作者从一次失败的烹饪中得到了更亲密的友谊。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Iwasnevergoodatrunning,soIfailedeverytimeuntilthethirdyearatschool.ThenIbeganworkingoutregularly,andyetstillfailedthatyear.Afewdayslater,however,theteachergavemeandsomeotherstudentsanotherchancetorunandIgotapassfinally!Youcan’timaginehowexcitedIwasafterthat.(我一直不擅长跑步，所以直到第三年我每次都失败。然后我开始定期锻炼，但那一年还是失败了。然而，几天后，老师给了我和其他一些学生另一个机会去跑步，我终于通过了！你无法想象在那之后我有多兴奋)”可知，作者在跑步测试后感到兴奋是因为她在多次失败后获得了成功。故选C。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Afewdayslater,however,theteachergavemeandsomeotherstudentsanotherchancetorunandIgotapassfinally!Youcan’timaginehowexcitedIwasafterthat.(然而，几天后，老师给了我和其他一些学生另一个机会去跑步，我终于通过了！你无法想象在那之后我有多兴奋)”可知，作者最终通过了，说明成功应对了失败。故划线词意思是“成功应对”，故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nowit’scleartoseethatfailurecanteachusgoodlessons.It’snotanend—itcanbeabeginning.(现在很清楚地看到，失败可以给我们很好的教训。这不是结束，而是开始)”并结合作者自己的经历可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励读者勇敢地面对失败。故选D。CWhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents(口音),mostofthemproudlyreplied,“Well,IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/etc.Butthiskindofresponsemakesmefailtounderstandthetruemeaningofaccents.Usually,whatwemeanwhenwesaysomeone“hasanaccent”isthattheiraccentisdifferentfromthelocalone,orthatpronunciationsaredifferentfromourown.Butthisdefinitionofaccentsislimitingandcouldgiverisetoprejudice.Funnilyenough,intermsofthelanguagestudy,everypersonspeakswithanaccent.Itistheregulardifferencesinhowweproducesoundsthatdefineouraccents.Evenifyoudon’thearityourself,youspeakwithsomesortofaccent.Inthissense,it’spointlesstopointoutthatsomeone“hasanaccent”.Wealldo!Everypersonspeaksadialect(方言),too.Inthefieldoflanguagestudy,adialectisaversionofalanguagethatischaracterizedbyitsvariationsofstructure,phrasesandwords.Forinstance,“Yougoteatornot?”(meaning“Haveyoueaten?”)isanacceptableandunderstoodquestioninSingaporeOralEnglish.ThefactthatthisexpressionwouldcauseastandardAmericanEnglishspeakertotakepausedoesn’tmeanthatSingaporeOralEnglishis“wrong”or“ungrammatical”.Thesentenceiswell-formedandclearlycommunicative,accordingtonativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers’solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit’sdifferent?Weneedtomovebeyondanarrowconceptionofaccentsanddialects—forthebenefitofeveryone.Languagedifferencesliketheseprovidedeepunderstandingsintopeople’sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage,thewayonespeaksisdefinitelyapartofone’sidentity.Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We’dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.8.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhis/herfriends’responseinparagraph1?A.Itreflectstheirself-confidence.B.Itreflectstheirlanguagelevels.C.Itmissesthepointofcommunication.D.Itmissestherealmeaningofaccents.9.WhydoestheauthorusetheexampleofSingaporeOralEnglish?A.Tosupporttheuseofdialects.B.Toshowthediversityofdialects.C.Tocorrectagrammaticalmistake.D.Tohighlightatraditionalapproach.10.Whatdoestheauthorrecommendustodointhelastparagraph?A.Learntospeakwithyourlocaldialect.B.Seekforanofficialdefinitionofaccents.C.Appreciatethevalueofaccentsanddialects.D.Distinguishourlocallanguagesfromothers’.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage?A.EveryoneHasanAccentB.AccentsWeakenOurUniquenessC.DialectsLeadtoMisunderstandingD.StandardEnglishIsatRisk【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了每个人都有口音。从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。语言差异可以帮助人们洞察他人的文化经历和背景，因此我们要欣赏口音和方言的价值。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“WhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents,mostofthemproudlyreplied,“Well,IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/etc.Butthiskindofresponsemakesmefailtounderstandthetruemeaningofaccents.(当我跟一些朋友提到我们每个人说话都有口音时，他们中的大多数人都自豪地回答：“哦，我说的是标准的英语或汉语等等。”但这种回应让我无法理解口音的真正含义。)”可知，作者认为他或她的朋友的回应忽略了口音的真正含义。故选D。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Everypersonspeaksadialect,too.(每个人也会说一种方言。)”及本段后文“AmericanEnglishspeakertotakepausedoesn’tmeanthatSingaporeOralEnglishis“wrong”or“ungrammatical”.Thesentenceiswell-formedandclearlycommunicative,accordingtonativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers’solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit’sdifferent?(以美式英语为母语的人会停顿，这并不意味着新加坡英语口语是“错误的”或“不合语法的”。按照新加坡英语母语者自成体系的语法规则，这个句子结构规范，表意清晰。仅仅因为它与众不同，就该被视为错误吗？)”可知，作者认为不能因为它不同就认为它是错的。所以作者使用新加坡口语的例子是为了证明使用方言是可以接受的。故选A。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Languagedifferencesliketheseprovidedeepunderstandingsintopeople’sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage,thewayonespeaksisdefinitelyapartofone’sidentity.Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We’dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.(诸如此类的语言差异能让我们深入了解人们的文化经历和背景。在全球化时代，一个人的说话方式无疑是其身份认同的一部分。大多数人会很乐意谈论自己语言背后的文化。这样一来，我们会更多地了解我们所生活的世界，还能在这个过程中交到朋友。)”可知，作者在最后一段中建议我们欣赏口音和方言的价值。故选C。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Inthissense,it’spointlesstopointoutthatsomeone“hasanaccent”.Wealldo!(从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。我们都有！)”以及第三段“Everypersonspeaksadialect,too.(每个人也会说一种方言。)”可知，作者认为每个人都有口音，而且作者在最后一段指出不同的口音可以让我们更多地了解我们生活的世界，并在这一过程中结交朋友。故A项“EveryoneHasanAccent(每个人都有口音)”最能概括本文主旨。故选A。DManyofusmayhaveexperiencedthepleasantmomentofseeingrecommendedsongsafterwelistenedtosomesongsonamusicapp.Whenweopenshoppingwebsites,weoftenseethingswewanttobuyonthehomepage.Thebusinessmancandecidewhichisthebestplacetobuildanewentranceinabigsupermarketinthecitycenter.Ifyouwanttotakeataxionataxiapp,itcanevenguesswhereyouwanttogobeforeyoutellit!Aren’tthesethingsamazing?Thisisbasedondata.Dataisnolongeronlyaboutnumbers,butinformationfromalmosteverysideofourlives:ourshoppinghabits,interestsorwhatweeat.Allofthisiscalled“bigdata”(大数据).Chinaisspeedingupitsbigdatastrategytobetterservesocialandeconomicdevelopment.Asaresult,people’slivescanbeimprovedaswell.Itisalsoexpectedthattherewillbegreateruseofbigdatainareaslikeeducation,socialsecurityandtransportation.WehaveseenbigdatabeingusedmoreofteninChinainthepastfewyears.Theroleitplaysintourismisjustoneexample.ManytravelerstodayliketosharetheirexperienceswithothersontheInternet.Allthedatathattravelersshareonlineishelpingthetourismindustrygetalotofinformation.Afterthedataisanalyzed(分析),thesetoursightsandserviceproviderscanbetterunderstandtravelers’needs.Inthisway,serviceswillbeimproved,whichishelpfultothedevelopmentofthewholeindustry.Asaresult,travelerscanexpectbettertoursinthefuture.Moreover,bigdataisalsoanimportantgrowthtoolforeconomicdevelopment.Withgrowthrateof30percenteveryyear,salesofbigdataindustryinChinawillreachonetrillionyuanyearlyby2030.Havingsomanygoodinfluences,bigdataissuretobeseenmoreandmoreinChina.12.AccordingtoParagraph1,bigdatacanhelppeople______.A.makebetterdecisionsinbusiness B.designhomepagesforwebsitesC.takeataxiwithoutpayingforit D.buysongsfromamusicapp13.WhydoestheauthormentionourshoppinghabitsandinterestsinParagraph2?A.Toprovethatbigdataisnowpartofalmosteverythingwedo.B.Toprovethatbigdataonlyconsistsofinformationaboutwhatwebuyandeat.C.ToshowthatChina’splanforbigdataismainlyaboutchangingshoppinghabits.D.Toshowshoppinghabitsandinterestsinfluenceourlives.14.Whichofthefollowingwordscandescribethewriter’sfeelingtowardsbigdata?A.Dissatisfied. B.Hopeful. C.Careful. D.Bored.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.BigDataBringsGoodMusic. B.TourismGetsHelpfromBigData.C.BigDataInfluencesChinapositively. D.SalesofBigDataIndustryinChina.【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大数据在现代社会中的应用及其重要性。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Thebusinessmancandecidewhichisthebestplacetobuildanewentranceinabigsupermarketinthecitycenter.(商人可以决定在市中心的大超市中建造新入口的最佳位置)”可知，大数据可以帮助人们在商业上做出更好的决定。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Dataisnolongeronlyaboutnumbers,butinformationfromalmosteverysideofourlives:ourshoppinghabits,interestsorwhatweeat.Allofthisiscalled‘bigdata’(数据不再仅仅是数字，而是我们生活中几乎各个方面的信息：我们的购物习惯、兴趣或我们吃的东西。所有这些都被称为“大数据”)”可知，作者提到“购物习惯”和“兴趣”等生活中的具体信息来阐释大数据所涵盖的内容，即大数据已经渗透到我们生活的方方面面。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Havingsomanygoodinfluences,bigdataissuretobeseenmoreandmoreinChina.(大数据有如此多的积极影响，它在中国肯定会越来越受欢迎。)”可知，作者对大数据持有积极的态度和乐观的期望。故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段的“WehaveseenbigdatabeingusedmoreofteninChinainthepastfewyears.(在过去的几年里，我们看到大数据在中国的使用越来越频繁。)”、最后一段的“Havingsomanygoodinfluences,bigdataissuretobeseenmoreandmoreinChina.(大数据有如此多的积极影响，它在中国肯定会越来越受欢迎。)”及全文内容可知，主要介绍了大数据在现代社会使用越来越广泛且起到了积极作用，C选项“大数据积极影响中国”可以作为本文标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Watchingyourfavoriteteamlosecanbetoughtohandle,almostasmuchaswatchingthemwincangiveyougreatexcitementandjoy.____16____.Learninghowtohandlethelossesisanimportantpartofbeingafan.Talktootherfans.Sportsareagreatcommunal(共享的)experience,andevenifyouarewatchingaloneathome,thereareotherpeopleoutthereenjoyingthegametoo.Callyourfriendswhoarealsofanstoletoffsteamanddealwiththedisappointmentatalosingteam.Considerjoiningafancluboronlineforumstotalkmoreaboutyourdisappointmentandevenbrainstormwaystofixwhatwentwrong.____17____.Rememberthatit’sjustagame.Alosscanreallyhurt,buttrytorememberthatit’sjustonegameorseason.____18____.Thismaynotmakelosinglessdisappointing,butitcanmakeiteasiertomoveonandgetexcitedaboutfuturegames.Stayfaithfultoyourteam.____19____.Stayingfaithfulafteraloss,orevenwhenmovingtoadifferentcity,cangiveyouabigpsychologicalboost(激励).Plus,stickingitoutthroughthebadtimeswillmakeitfeelevenbetterwhenyourteamdoeswinthebigone.Thinkaboutwhatyouloveaboutyourteam,liketheconnectionsitbuildsinyourcityoramongyourfriends,orthecharactersofyourfavoriteplayers.____20____.Whilelosseshurt,noteamlosesallthetime.Remembergreatcomebacks,championships,orevenjustgreatmomentswithfriendsandfamilywatchingyourteam.Ifyou’vewatchedyourteambeforethisgame,therewillbesomemomentsyoucanlookbackonfondly.A.Rememberthegoodtimes.B.Yourteamalwayshasanothershot.C.Supportersoftheotherteammayevenlaughatyou.D.Ifyouaregoingtosuffer,it’sbettertodosowithotherfans.E.Giveyourselfachancetoletoffsteam,oratleastbedisappointed.F.Onelossshouldn’tbeenoughtodriveyoufromsupportingyourteam.G.Losingispartofsports,though,andyou’llseeyourteamloseplentyofgames.【答案】16.G17.D18.B19.F20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了作为球迷如何面对喜欢的球队的失利。【16题详析】下文“Learninghowtohandlethelossesisanimportantpartofbeingafan.(学会如何应对失败是作为球迷的一个重要部分)”说明学会应对失败是球迷的重要部分，G选项“Losingispartofsports,though,andyou’llseeyourteamloseplentyofgames.(然而，失败是体育的一部分，你会看到你的球队输掉很多比赛)”指出失败是体育的一部分，球队会输掉很多比赛，上下文语意衔接自然，引出下文要学会应对失败。故选G项。【17题详析】上文“Callyourfriendswhoarealsofanstoletoffsteamanddealwiththedisappointmentatalosingteam.Considerjoiningafancluboronlineforumstotalkmoreaboutyourdisappointmentandevenbrainstormwaystofixwhatwentwrong.(打电话给你同样是球迷的朋友，发泄一下对输球的不满。考虑加入球迷俱乐部或在线论坛，更多地谈论你的失望，甚至集思广益，想办法纠正错误)”建议找同样是球迷的朋友一起发泄对球队失利的不满，D选项“Ifyouaregoingtosuffer,it’sbettertodosowithotherfans.(如果你要遭受痛苦，最好和其他球迷一起承受)”承接上文，说明如果痛苦，最好和其他球迷一起承受，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。【18题详析】上文“Rememberthatit’sjustagame.Alosscanreallyhurt,buttrytorememberthatit’sjustonegameorseason.(记住，这只是一场比赛。一次失败可能真的很伤人，但要记住，这只是一场比赛或一个赛季)”建议要记住这只是一场比赛或一个赛季，B选项“Yourteamalwayshasanothershot.(你的球队总是还有机会)”承接上文，说明球队总是还有机会，上下文语意连贯，且选项中的“anothershot”与上文“onegameorseason”相呼应。故选B项。【19题详析】上文“Stayfaithfultoyourteam.(忠于你的球队)”建议要忠于球队，F选项“Onelossshouldn’tbeenoughtodriveyoufromsupportingyourteam.(一次失败不应该足以让你放弃支持你的球队)”承接上文，强调要忠于球队，不应让一次失败成为你放弃支持球队的理由，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。【20题详析】根据下文“Whilelosseshurt,noteamlosesallthetime.Remembergreatcomebacks,championships,orevenjustgreatmomentswithfriendsandfamilywatchingyourteam.(虽然失败很痛苦，但没有球队会一直输。记住伟大的逆转，冠军，甚至只是和亲朋好友一起看你球队比赛的精彩时刻)”可知，本段建议要记住球队的伟大时刻，A选项“Rememberthegoodtimes.(记住美好的时光)”总领全段，建议要记住美好的时光，是段首主题句。故选A项。第三部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aprofessorwasteachinghisclass.Allthestudentswerelisteningtohis____21____withgreatinterest.Buttherewasonestudentwhose____22____ofmindshowedhewasinabadmood.Theprofessortooknoticeofthisstudentonthefirstdaybutdidnotsayanything.Butwhenthis____23____foraweek,heasked.“Youaredownin____24____allthetime.Whatisthematter?Havesometrouble?”“Sir,that...,”thestudentsaid.“...somethinghashappenedinmypast,____25____whichIremaintroubled.Idon’tknowwhattodo.”Theprofessorwasa(n)____26____goodperson.Heaskedthestudenttogotohishouseintheevening.Whenthestudent____27____theprofessor’shouse,hewasgreetedwitha____28____welcome.Theprofessorwenttothekitchenandstartedmakinglemonade(柠檬水)forhisstudent.He____29____putmoresaltinthelemonade.Assoonasthestudenthada____30____ofit,hismouthbecamesour.____31____this,theprofessorasked,“Didyounotlikethelemonade?”“No,sir,thisisnotthe____32____.Justalittlemoresaltinthedrink,”thestudentsaid.“Nowit’suseless.Iwillthrowitaway.”Theprofessor____33____hishandtogettheglassofdrinkfromthestudent.Butthestudentrefused,saying,“No,sir.Ifyouaddmore____34____,thelemonadewillbefine.”Uponhearingthis,theprofessorbecameseriousandsaid,“Youareright.That’swhatIwantto____35____.Justassaltcannotbetakenoutofthelemonade,thosebadexperiencesalsocannotbe____36____fromlife.Addingmoresugarcanchangethetasteoflemonade.Ina(n)____37____way,sweetnesshastobedissolved(溶解)inlifetoforgetbadexperiences.Iwantyoutotakethesweetnessinyourlifeinto____38____now.”Tohisrelief,thestudent____39____himanddecidedfromthenonhewouldnotbetroubledbythe____40____.21.A.competence B.lecture C.aim D.expectation22.A.absence B.attitude C.presence D.target23.A.started B.lived C.continued D.gathered24.A.stress B.supplies C.strength D.spirits25.A.dueto B.inspiteof C.inadditionto D.farfrom26.A.hardly B.extremely C.informally D.previously27.A.arrivedat B.lookedinto C.movedto D.brokeinto28.A.rude B.romantic C.hot D.warm29.A.purposely B.absolutely C.completely D.accidentally30.A.touch B.taste C.smell D.sense31.A.Feeling B.Hearing C.Seeing D.Considering32.A.deal B.moment C.luck D.case33.A.reached B.removed C.researched D.replaced34.A.salt B.sugar C.oil D.wine35.A.sufferfrom B.recoverfrom C.getacross D.comeacross36.A.made B.separated C.protected D.saved37.A.different B.natural C.convenient D.similar38.A.energy B.advice C.account D.effort39.A.loved B.defeated C.understood D.knew40.A.professor B.change C.lemonade D.past【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.A28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.A34.B35.C36.B37.D38.C39.C40.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了教授发现学生因过往糟糕经历而情绪低落，通过“制作加盐柠檬水并类比人生”的方式，开导学生“糟糕经历无法抹去，但可通过关注生活中的美好淡化其影响”的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有学生都饶有兴致地听他讲课。A.competence能力；B.lecture讲课；C.aim目标；D.expectation期待。根据上文中的“Aprofessorwasteachinghisclass.(一位教授正在给学生上课)”可知，学生们此时的行为是听教授讲课。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有一个学生心不在焉，显示他情绪不好。A.absence不在，缺席；B.attitude态度；C.presence存在；D.target目标。根据句中的“showedhewasinabadmood(看起来情绪不好)”可知，本题要填与空后的ofmind搭配表示“心不在焉”的absence，体现该学生因情绪问题而走神这个情况。故选A。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当这种情况持续了一周后，教授问道。A.started开始；B.lived生活；C.continued持续；D.gathered聚集。根据前句“Theprofessortooknoticeofthisstudentonthefirstdaybutdidnotsayanything.(教授第一天就注意到了这个学生，但没说什么)”以及句中的“foraweek(持续了一周)”可知，学生情绪低落、心不在焉的状态从第一天延续到了一周，因此教授才询问原因。故选C。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你总是情绪低落，怎么了？A.stress压力；B.supplies物资；C.strength力量；D.spirits情绪。根据前文中的“showedhewasinabadmood(显示他心情不好)”可知该学生心情低落。选项中的spirits可以与downin搭配表示“情绪低落”，与推断相吻合。故选D。【25题详析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：先生，是这样的……我过去发生了一些事，因为这些事，我一直很困扰。A.dueto由于；B.inspiteof尽管；C.inadditionto除……之外；D.farfrom远非。根据句中的“somethinghashappenedinmypast(我过去发生了一些事)”和“whichIremaintroubled(这一点仍困扰着我)”可知，这些事情是原因，导致了“我”的困扰，选项中的dueto可引导原因，符合本句句意。故选A。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位教授是一个非常好的人。A.hardly几乎不；B.extremely非常；C.informally非正式地；D.previously以前。根据后句“Heaskedthestudenttogotohishouseintheevening.(他邀请学生晚上去他家)”可知，教授人不错，选项中的extremely可加强被修饰词good的程度，体现教授的善意。故选B。【27题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当学生到达教授家时，他受到了热情的欢迎。A.arrivedat到达；B.lookedinto调查；C.movedto搬到；D.brokeinto闯入。根据前句“Heaskedthestudenttogotohishouseintheevening.(他邀请学生晚上去他家)”和句中的“wasgreeted(受到欢迎)”可知，学生到达了教授家，arriveat与句意相吻合。故选A。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当学生到达教授家时，他受到了热情的欢迎。A.rude粗鲁的；B.romantic浪漫的；C.hot炎热的；D.warm热情的。根据后句“Theprofessorwenttothekitchenandstartedmakinglemonadeforhisstudent.(教授走进厨房，开始为他的学生制作柠檬水)”可知，教授对学生的态度是热情的。故选D。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他故意在柠檬水里多加了盐。A.purposely故意地；B.absolutely绝对地；C.completely完全地；D.accidentally意外地。根据后文教授说的话“Didyounotlikethelemonade?(你不喜欢柠檬吗)”以及学生的回复“Justalittlemoresaltinthedrink(只是这饮料里盐多了点)”可推断，多加盐是教授故意为之，为后续开导学生做铺垫。故选A。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生一尝，他的嘴巴就变酸了。A.touch触摸；B.taste品尝；C.smell闻；D.sense感觉。根据句中的“hismouthbecamesour(嘴巴变酸)”可知，酸是味觉体验，需通过品尝。故选B。【31题详析】考查V-ing词义辨析。句意：看到这一幕，教授问道：“你不喜欢这柠檬水吗？”A.Feeling感觉；B.Hearing听到；C.Seeing看到；D.Considering考虑。根据前句中的“hismouthbecamesour(他的嘴巴变酸)”可知，学生尝过柠檬水后会有外在反应，教授看到这些反应后才提问。故选C。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生说：“不是的，老师，情况不是这样的。只是这饮料里盐多了点。”A.deal交易；B.moment时刻；C.luck运气；D.case情况。根据前句“Didyounotlikethelemonade?(你不喜欢这柠檬水吗)”以及后文学生的回应“Justalittlemoresaltinthedrink.(只是盐多了点)”可推断，学生否定不喜欢柠檬水的说法，选项中的case可以与题干构成固定表达thisisnotthecase，表示“情况不是这样的”，与推断相吻合。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：教授伸手想从学生手里拿过那杯饮料。A.reached伸出；B.removed移除；C.researched研究；D.replaced替换。根据句中的“togettheglassofdrinkfromthestudent(从学生手里拿过那杯饮料)”可推断，由于伸手后才能拿杯子，选项中的reach可以构成短语reachone’shand，表示“伸手”，与推断相吻合。故选A。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但学生拒绝了，说：“老师，不行。如果您多加些糖，这柠檬水就会变好的。”A.salt盐；B.sugar糖；C.oil油；D.wine酒。根据前文中的“Justalittlemoresaltinthedrink(只是这饮料里盐多了点)”可知，柠檬水中加了盐所以难喝，结合常识，柠檬水加糖味道会好很多，符合改善口感的逻辑。故选B。【35题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：教授听到这话，变得严肃起来，说道：“你说得对。这就是我想传达的道理。”A.sufferfrom遭受；B.recoverfrom从……中恢复；C.getacross使理解，传达；D.comeacross偶然遇到。根据前句学生说的话“Ifyouaddmore,thelemonadewillbefine.(如果您多加些糖，这柠檬水就会变好的)”可知，该教授是为了让学生理解这个道理，getacross侧重让对方理解、传达观点，此处教授通过柠檬水的例子，最终目的是让学生理解用美好淡化糟糕经历的道理，符合本句语境。故选C。【36题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像盐无法从柠檬水中取出一样，那些糟糕的经历也无法从生活中分离出去。A.made制作；B.separated分离，分开；C.protected保护；D.saved拯救。根据句中的“saltcannotbetakenoutofthelemonade(盐无法从柠檬水中取出)”可知，教授将糟糕经历比作盐，将生活比作柠檬水，可知糟糕经历无法从生活中分离，beseparatedfrom可以与介词from搭配表示“从……分开”，符合本句语义。故选B。【37题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：以类似的方式，生活中也需要融入美好，才能忘记糟糕的经历。A.different不同的；B.natural自然的；C.convenient方便的；D.similar相似的。根据前文中的“addingmoresugarcanchangethetasteoflemonade(加糖可以改变柠檬水的味道)”和句中的“sweetnesshastobedissolvedinlifetoforgetbadexperiences(生活中需要融入美好来忘记糟糕经历)”可推断，加糖改善柠檬水和融入美好改善生活是相似的道理。故选D。【38题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望你现在就重视生活中的美好。A.energy能量；B.advice建议；C.account考虑，重视；D.effort努力。根据前句中的“sweetnesshastobedissolvedinlifetoforgetbadexperiences(生活中需要融入美好来忘记糟糕经历)”可知，本题要填与空前的o搭配表示“重视、考虑”的account，体现教授建议学生重视生活中的美好这个道理。故选C。【39题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人欣慰的是，学生明白了教授的意思，决定从那时起不再被过去困扰。A.loved喜爱；B.defeated打败；C.understood理解；D.knew知道。根据句中的“decidedfromthenonhewouldnotbetroubled(决定从那时起不再被困扰)”可知，学生此时理解了教授的意思，决定做出改变。故选C。【40题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人欣慰的是，学生明白了教授的意思，决定从那时起不再被过去困扰。A.professor教授；B.change改变；C.lemonade柠檬水；D.past过去。根据前文中的“somethinghashappenedinmypast,whichIremaintroubled(我的过去发生了一些事情，因此我一直困扰不已)”可知，学生之前的困扰源于过去的经历，因此他决定不再被过去困扰。故选D。第二节选词填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据下列句子语境从所给词块中选择合适的词块填空，所给词块中有两个多余。A.bereplacedbyB.inpersonC.payoffDcomeupwithE.makeittoF.setoutGingoodshape41.Aftermonthsoftraining,heis________torunthemarathon.42.Seeifyoucanreworkyourscheduleand________otherwaystoreducethenumberofhoursyou’reoncall.43.Whatastrongwind!Idon’tthinkwewill________theairportontime.44.Youmayapplyforthejob________orbyletter.45.Idobelievethatalleffortsaresureto________.【答案】41.G42.D43.E44.B45.C【41题详析】考查介词短语。句意：经过数月的训练，他状态良好，可以去跑马拉松了。根据“Aftermonthsoftraining”可知，经过训练后他的身体状况应该很好，介词短语ingoodshape意为“状态良好”，在句中作表语。故选G项。【42题详析】考查动词短语。句意：看看你是否能重新安排你的日程，并想出其他方法来减少你待命的时间。根据“reworkyourschedule”以及“otherwaystoreducethenumberofhoursyou’reoncall”可知，这里说的是“想办法”减少待命时间，用动词短语comeupwith作并列谓语，意为“想出；提出”，在情态动词can后用原形。故选D项。【43题详析】考查动词短语。句意：多大的风啊！我认为我们不能按时到达机场了。根据“Whatastrongwind!”可知，风很大，所以可能不能按时“到达”机场，动词短语makeitto意为“到达”，助动词will后接动词原形。故选E项。【44题详析】考查介词短语。句意：你可以亲自或通过信件申请这份工作。根据“orbyletter”可知，这里说的是申请工作的方式，介词短语inperson意为“亲自”，作方式状语，与“byletter”相对应。故选B项。【45题详析】考查动词短语。句意：我确实相信所有的努力一定会有回报。根据“Idobelievethat”可知，作者相信努力会有回报，动词短语payoff意为“有回报；成功”，besuretodosth.意为“一定会做某事”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。故选C项。第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，