黑龙江省哈尔滨市某学校2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1黑龙江省哈尔滨市某学校2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每题2.5分，满分37.5分）ASwitzerlandisnotacheapcountrytolivein.However,theeducationcomesatarelativelylowtuitionfee(学费),especiallycomparedtosimilarlytop-rankededucationhotspotsworldwide!Inordertoprepareforyourstudy,takealookatthestudentbudget.Pleasecheckouttheexactcostsintheuniversitiesyouaregoingtoapplyfor.StudentbudgetinSwitzerlandTuitionfeeCHF500—2,000persemester,dependingonuniversitiesSuppliesCHF100permonthFoodCHF600permonthAccommodationCHF700permonthClothesandpersonalitemsCHF150permonthHealthinsuranceCHF90permonthOthers（phone,internet,transport）CHF200permonthProgrammeDuration&ECTSSwitzerland—likeallotherEuropeancountries—usesthe“EuropeanCreditTransferandAccumulationSystem”(ECTS).Itisdesignedtoawardcreditpointsaccordingtotheachievementoflearningoutcomes.Putinsimpleterms:Togetadegree,youhavetogetalltherequiredcreditpoints.TheECTScreditpointsystemallowsstudentstohavetheirachievementseasilyrecognizedinotherEuropeancountries.OneECTScreditpointequalsonaveragebetween25and30hours(workload).60creditsareassignedtooneyearoffull-timestudy.180creditsarerequiredforabachelordegreeandittakesthreeyearsoffull-timestudy.Amaster’sdegreeisworth90—120creditsandtakes1.5—2yearsoffull-timestudy.WorkingWhileStudyingForeignstudentsmayworkamaximumof15hoursperweekduringtheirstudies,andupto100percentduringsemesterbreaks.Thismustbereported,inallcases,totheresponsibleauthoritiesandapplyforaworkpermit.StudentsfromoutsidetheEU/EFTAregionmayonlystartworkingsixmonthsafterthebeginningoftheirstudies.1.Howmuchwillastudentspendonfoodandaccommodationeachmonth?A.AboutCHF600. B.AboutCHF700.C.AboutCHF800. D.AboutCHF1,300.2.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheso-calledECTScreditpoints?A.Theyareonlyawardedtointernationalstudents.B.TheyarewidelyacceptedinEuropeanuniversities.C.180ECTScreditsarerequiredforamaster’sdegree.D.Studentshavetostudy20hourstogetoneECTScredit.3.WhatshouldaChinesestudentdoifshewantstoworkinSwitzerland?A.GetanEU/EFTAcard. B.Limitworkhoursto25.C.Applyforaworkpermit. D.Lookforworkonarrival.BInthescientifichistory,fewrivalries(竞争)havecapturedtheimaginationliketheonebetweenNikolaTeslaandThomasEdison.Thesetwoinventors,eachwiththeiruniqueapproachesandvisions,engagedinafiercecompetitionthatforevertransformedtheworldofelectricityandinnovation.ThepathsofNikolaTeslaandThomasEdisonfirstcrossedinthelate1800swhenTeslaarrivedintheUnitedStateswithhisboundlessenthusiasmandinventivespirit.Tesla,ayoungSerbianengineer,soughtopportunitiestoworkonhisambitiousideas.Edison,alreadyanestablishedinventorandentrepreneur,recognizedTesla’stalentandemployedhimathiscompany,theEdisonMachineWorks.ItwasduringTesla’stimeworkingforEdisonthattheseedsofrivalryweresown.Edisonadvocateddirectcurrent(DC)asthedominantmethodforelectricaldistribution,whileTeslasawthepotentialofalternatingcurrent(AC)systems,whichofferedgreaterefficiencyoverlongerdistances.TheturningpointintheirrivalryoccurredwiththeChicagoWorld’sFairin1893．Tesla,backedbyGeorgeWestinghouse,successfullyshowcasedthesuperiorityofACbylightingthefairgroundswithhisAC-poweredsystem.ThissuccesscrushedEdison’sclaimsofDC’ssuperiority,leadingtothewidespreadadoptionofACasthestandardforelectricalpowertransmission(传输).However,duetoEdison’sinfluence,ACpowerwasinitiallydismissedasdangerousandunreliable.Inordertodemonstrateitssafety,TeslaheldapublicdemonstrationwherehefamouslylitupastringoflightsusinghisACmotorpoweredbyNiagaraFalls,provingonceandforallthatACpowerwassafeforuseinhomesandbusinessesaroundtheworld.WhilebothsidesfoughtfiercelyforcontrolofelectricitydistributionnetworksacrossAmerica,itwasultimatelyTesla’sACsystemthatwonoutduetoitsgreaterefficiencyoverlongdistancescomparedwithDCsystemswhichquicklylostvoltage(电压)asdistanceincreasedfromtheirsourcepoint.EventuallyevenEdisonhimselfcamearoundandaccepteddefeatwhenhefinallyadmittedthat“Teslahassolvedanextremelydifficultproblem”.Despitetheirdifferences,thetwomenhadanunwillingrespectforeachother.EdisonwasknowntorefertoTeslaas“oneofthegreatestelectricalgeniusestheworldhaseverseen”whileTeslapraisedEdison’scontributionstothefieldofelectricity.Thoughtheirrivalrydefinedthedevelopmentofelectricityinthelate19thcentury,itsimpactstillresonates(产生共鸣)today.4.InwhichaspectdidTesla’sandEdison’sviewsonelectricalsystemsdiffer?A.Thesourceofelectricalpower.B.Theinventionofelectricaldevices.C.Theefficiencyofpowergeneration.D.Themethodofelectricaltransmission.5.HowdidTeslaprovethereliabilityofACpower?A.ByconductingapublicexperimentatNiagaraFalls.B.BydisplayingAC-poweredlightinginacommunity.C.BygettingsupportfromGeorgeWestinghouse.D.ByhighlightingthelimitationsofDCpower.6.WhydidTesla’sACsystemfinallyachievesuccess?A.Itprovidedhighervoltageoutputs.B.Itwaseasiertooperateandmaintain.C.Ithadsuperiorlong-rangeperformance.D.Itreceivedmorefinancialbacking.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthetext?A.Everycloudhasasilverlining.B.Realknowledgecomesfrompractice.C.Arisingtideliftsallboats.D.Rivalryfuelsprogress.CForoveracentury,hypodermicneedleshavebeenastandardtoolinmedicine.Despiteadvancesinmedicaltechnology,thebasicdesignofneedles—ahollow,pointedtube—hasremainedlargelyunchanged.Withluck,thatmaysoonchange.AsYichiMa,amechanicalengineerattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,andhiscolleaguesoutlineinareviewpaperinBiomimeticIntelligenceandRobotics,researchersaroundtheworldarenowturningtonatureforinspirationtocreatelesspainfulandmoreeffectiveneedles.Anobvioussourceofideashasbeenmosquitoes,whichmanagetoextracttheirbloodmealsalmostpainlessly.Onereasonisthattheinsectsemploysomespecificchemicalswhentheyfirstpiercetheskin.Butanotherhastodowiththeshapeandactionoftheirmouthparts.Theirproboscishasaserrated(锯齿状的),softtipandvibratesasitpiercestheskin,reducingtheforceneeded.Scientistshavedevelopedneedlesmimickingthisdesign,whichrequire27%lessinsertionforcethantraditionalneedles.These“mosquitoneedles”couldimprovedelicateprocedureslikebiopsies,whereprecisioniscritical.Anotherchallengeisguidinglong,thinneedlesdeepintothebodywithoutbendingorbreaking.Researchersstudiedfemalewasps,whichuseneedle-likeovipositors(产卵器)todrillintowoodorfruitbeforedepositingeggs.Theyconsistofslidingsections,similartoanextendingtelescope.Byreplicatingthisstructurewithspecialwires,scientistscreatedultra-thinneedlesthatcannavigatetissuesliketheliverwithoutdamage,potentiallyreducingtheneedforsurgery.Thereareotherideas,too.Oneisaneedlethatswellsattheendonceinserted,inspiredbyawormthatattachesitselftofishes.Anotherisaninjectorthatcanpreciselysteertheflowofdrugsacrossitssurfaces.ItismodelledafterEuropeantruebugs,afamilywhichincludesaphidandbedbugs.Somecanusemicrostructurestosteerdefensivechemicalsaroundtheoutsidesoftheirbodies.Fornow,suchdevicesremainconfinedtolabs.Butthereisabigmarketforbetterneedles.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganisation,onepersoninfoursaystheysufferfromafearofneedles,sothesavingsonstickersandsweetsforthebravesoulswhorolluptheirsleeveswouldbeconsiderable.8.Howdomosquito-inspiredneedlesreducepain?A.Bybeingshorterandthinner.B.Byusingchemicalstonumbtheskin.C.Bybeingsofterthantraditionalneedles.D.Byvibratingandrequiringlessinsertionforce.9.Whatcanweinferaboutwasp-inspiredneedles?A.Theyaremainlyusedforbiopsies.B.Theycanbendeasilywithoutbreaking.C.Theymayreducetheneedforsomesurgeries.D.Theyarealreadywidelyusedinhospitals.10.WhatistheadvantageoftheneedleinspiredbyEuropeantruebugs?A.Itcanvibratetoreduceinsertionpain.B.Itcanswellafterenteringthebody.C.Itcanpreciselycontroldrugdelivery.D.Itcandrillintohardtissueseasily.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheHistoryofHypodermicNeedles.B.Nature’sBlueprintforBetterNeedles.C.HowMosquitoesInspireMedicalTools.D.TheWHO’sReportonNeedleFear.DWelearnabouttheworldthroughtheknowledgeaccumulatedoverthousandsofyears.standingontheshouldersofgreatmen,wedon’thavetoexperienceendlesstrialanderror,justasthewheelsdonothavetobereinventedeachtimetorunacar.Butwheredoesourabilitytolearnfromotherscomefrom?AstudyledbyMarkusPaulus,professoratLoyolaMarymountUniversity,showsthattheabilityhasitsrootsinearliestchildhood.“It’sgenerallyassumedthatchildren’sabilitytoimitate(模仿)isinborn,butaccordingtoourobservation,childrenimitatebecausetheythemselvesareimitatedbycaregivers.Thisinteractionenablesaculturaltransferofknowledge,which,throughgenerations’efforts,consequentlyleadstothedevelopmentofhumanbeings,”saysMarkusPaulus.Inthisresearch,Paulusrecordedtheinteractionbetweenmotherandchildoverseveralmonths.Thebabiescameintothelabforthefirsttimeattheageof6months,whiletheirfinalvisitwaswhentheywere18monthsold.Astheyengagedinvariousplaysituations,theinteractionsandimitationsofmotherandchildwereanalyzed.Thelong-termstudyshowedthatthemoresensitiveamotherwasinherinteractionswithhersix-month-oldchildandthemoreoftensheimitatedthebaby,thegreaterthechild’soverallabilitywasattheageof18months.Paulus’researchshowsthatmutualimitationisthekeystoneofknowledgetransfer,throughwhichchildrensuccessfullylearnvariousskills,suchashowtouseobjects,wavingandacquisitionoflanguage.“Thisinteractionisthenucleusoflearningand,finally,givesrisetoevolutionarysuccessofhuman,”saysPaulus.“Culturallearningisanessentialpartofhumanevolution,anditisrootedintheimitationofothers,particularlyourcaregiversduringourearliestchildhood,”saysPaulus.“Throughthis,welearnfromeachotherandpassonknowledgetothenextgeneration,socertainactionsortechniquesdonothavetobeconstantlyinventedagain.”12.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofwheels?A.Topraisetheinventionofcarwheels. B.Todescribetheprocessoftrialanderror.C.Toemphasizethenecessityofnewtools. D.Toshowtheimportanceofpriorknowledge.13.WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulus’research?A.Children’simitationwasrecordedbymothers.B.Sensitivemothersencouragedchildren’simitation.C.Children’sabilitywasanalyzedthroughinteraction.D.Effectiveinteractionpromotedchildren’sdevelopment.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nucleus”meaninparagraph4?A.Core. B.Result. C.Aim. D.Content.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhydoesEvolutionMatter? B.HowtoInteractwithChildren?C.Imitation:TheEngineofEvolution D.CulturalLearning:TheRootofImitation第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项有两项为多余选项。Whyisitsohardtobetrulyhonestwithyourself?Sometimesit’sbecauseyoudon’tknowwhatyouwant.Othertimesyoudoknowwhatyouwant,butyou’retooafraidtoadmitit.___16___Quiteoften,thetruthcanbeveryuglyandpainful,particularlyifyou’vespentmuchtimelyingtoyourselfaboutthingsbigandsmall.___17___Ifyoucan’trelyonyourselfbecauseyouaren’tintunewithyourtruth,you’llendupmakingyourselfpainful.Thus,youmustbehonestwithyourselftofigureoutwhatyouwantoutoflifesoyoucanactuallyputforththeefforttobuildit.Herearethreeideasthathelpyoubecomemorehonestwithyourself.Taketimetoreflectonyourday,everyday.Whatdidyoudorightorwrong?Werethereanypointswhereyoudidn’tactintunewithyouractualfeelingsanddesires?___18___Consideringhowyouactedthroughoutthedaycanhelpyousortthroughyourfeelingsandactionsofthedayifyoustruggletobehonestwithyourself.Acknowledgeyourfeelings.Yourfeelingsaresignpostsonyourjourneytotruth,peaceofmind,andhappiness.___19___Soconsiderhowyourexperiencesanddecisionsmakeyoufeel,andunderstandwhyyoufeelthewayyoudo.Thiswillhelpyougetintunewithyourselfandmakebetterdecisionsaboutasituation.Acceptthatyoucan’tknoweverything.Youcan’tpossiblyknoweverythingabouteverybody.Therefore,it’sabsolutelynormalforyoutodosomethingwrong.Sodon’tmakeexcusesforyourself.___20___A.Howwillyoudobetter?B.Butwhyishonestywithyourselfsoimportant?C.Thisisn’tamatterofbeingsmartorwiseenough.D.Couldyouhavespokenupandadvocatedforyourselfbetter?E.They’retryingtopointyoutowardapaththatmakessenseforyou.F.Youjustneedtobehonestwithyourselfwhenyoumakethosemistakes.G.Maybeyoujustdon’twanttoacceptrealitybecausethetruthisunpleasant.第三部分：英语知识运用第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Ihadspentthepreviousdecadeworking___21___towardmygoalofbecomingaprofessor.However,aftermy30thbirthday,theattractionofacademia___22___.Idecidedto___23___myacademiccareerplansandsetmysightsonbusiness.Soon,anofferarrived:asixfigureresearch___24___inproductdevelopment.ItseemedtobeeverythingI___25___,soItookit.Yet,laterIfoundIwasbacktothe___26___tasksI’doncecompletedasanundergraduateresearchassistant.Repeatedroutineworkwasn’twhereIwantedtobeinmycareer.Iwasmore___27___—Iwantedto___28___projectsandleadateam.Butthegeneralmanagerwouldn’tgivethose___29___tomeuntilI’dprovedmyself.IrealizedIneedtoletgooftheideathatIwasalreadya(n)“____30____”inmyfield.Ihadtobecomea(n)____31____onceagain.So,inthemonthsthatfollowed,IsetouttolearneverythingIcouldaboutmynewcareer.Insomeways,productdevelopmentwas____32____tomyacademicresearch.Butinotherways,itwasvastlydifferent.Ineededtocreateprofit,notjust____33____.AsIreadprofessionalmaterialspassionately,IrealizedmyPhDgavemea“learner”personality—lovingto____34____andgrow.Twoyearslater,Ibecamethechiefengineeratthecompany.Whenaskedtodescribemygreatest____35____,Ismiledandsaid:“IhaveaPhD.Ilearnincrediblyfast.”21.A.frequently B.continually C.unwillingly D.occasionally22.A.faded B.exchanged C.increased D.appeared23.A.tryoutfor B.takepridein C.getridof D.comeupwith24.A.project B.salary C.demand D.position25.A.owned B.harvested C.designed D.expected26.A.mixed B.difficult C.dull D.burdensome27.A.independent B.ambitious C.promising D.generous28.A.manage B.change C.fund D.study29.A.benefits B.responsibilities C.congratulations D.pressures30.A.expert B.professor C.partner D.performer31.A.member B.manager C.student D.engineer32.A.equal B.similar C.helpful D.contradictory33.A.products B.opportunities C.knowledge D.accounts34.A.expand B.negotiate C.advocate D.recite35.A.principle B.aim C.decision D.strength第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）The15thNationalGamesopenedinGuangzhouonNovember9,2025.AsthefirstNationalGames____36____(co-host)byGuangdong,HongKongandMacao,itattractedwidespreadattentionacrossthecountry.Theopeningceremonywasawonderfulmixoftraditionandtechnology.ManyLingnanculturalelements,suchasliondanceandCantoneseopera____37____(show)withthehelpofARandAIGCtechnologies.Thisnotmerelymadetheperformancemorevivid____38____letmorepeopleknowaboutthecharmofLingnanculture.Thetorchrelaywasoneofthe____39____(exciting)parts.Theflamewascollectedfrom1,522metersbelowtheSouthChinaSea,aspecial____40____(choose)thatmakestheeventunique.After____41____(relay)inthreeregions,thetorchwaslitbytorchbearersfromGuangdong,HongKongandMacaotogetheratthemainvenue.Themascots“Xiyangyang”and“Lerongrong”wereverypopularamongaudiences.Theyaremodeled____42____Chinesewhitedolphins,____43____areasymbolofpeaceandfriendship.Thetwolovelymascotsbroughtjoytobothchildrenandadultsduringtheceremony.Thisgrandeventismorethanasportsmeeting.Ithelpstostrengthenthe____44____(tie)betweenthethreeregionsandpromotesculturalexchanges.Itwasameaningfulexperienceforeveryonepresent.WebelievethatthespiritoftheNationalGameswillencouragepeopletoworkharderfor____45____betterfuture.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节：（满分15分）46.假如你是李华，请根据你校英文校刊“TimesChange”栏目提供的近五年工作需求图表（TheFastestGrowingJobs）撰写短文投稿。内容包括：1.描述现象；2.分析原因；3.你的职业选择。注意：1.至少包括表格中的两项内容：2.80词左右。Thefollowinggraphisaboutthejobgrowthbetween2021and2025intheworld.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。George,ownerofapopularrestaurant,wasknownforhisexcellentfood,whichwasmuchlovedbyhiscustomers.Eventhoughhewastalented,successful,andwealthy,hisemployeesfearedhimforhisstrictness.Debbie,anewwaitressatGeorge’srestaurant,washardworking,alwaysservingcustomerswithasmile.Georgewassatisfiedwithherwork.Afterabouttwomonths,GeorgeaskedthenightmanageraboutDebbie,andthemanhadonlygoodthingstosayabouther.“She’ssmart,quick,andefficient,andshedealswithcustomersbetterthananyone