2025年英语四级阅读理解长难句攻克：专项训练与冲刺模拟

2025年英语四级阅读理解长难句攻克：专项训练与冲刺模拟考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehensiondirections:Thereare2passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneThehumanbrainisamysteriousandcomplexorgan.Itcontrolsourthoughts,feelings,andactions,andallowsustolearnandremember.Despitedecadesofresearch,however,muchabouthowthebrainworksremainsunknown.Onereasonforthisisthatthebrainisincrediblyintricate.Itcontainsabout86billionneurons,eachconnectedtothousandsofothersthroughsynapses.Theseconnectionsformavastnetworkthatprocessesinformationandcontrolsbehavior.Understandinghowthisnetworkfunctionsisamajorchallengeforscientists.Recentadvancesintechnologyhaveallowedresearcherstostudythebrainingreaterdetailthaneverbefore.Techniquessuchasfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI)andelectroencephalography(EEG)enablescientiststoobservebrainactivityinrealtime.Thesetoolshaveprovidedvaluableinsightsintohowdifferentpartsofthebrainworktogethertoperformvarioustasks.Forexample,fMRIscanshaveshownthatwhenpeoplearereading,specificareasofthebrainbecomeactive.Thishelpsresearchersunderstandhowthebrainprocesseslanguage.Despitetheseadvances,thereisstillmuchtolearnaboutthebrain.Oneareaofactiveresearchisneuroplasticity,whichisthebrain'sabilitytochangeandadaptthroughoutlife.Studieshaveshownthatthebraincanformnewconnectionsandevencreatenewneuronsinresponsetolearningandexperience.Thishasimportantimplicationsforeducation,rehabilitation,andthetreatmentofbraininjuries.Understandinghowneuroplasticityworkscouldleadtonewstrategiesforimprovingcognitivefunctionandmentalhealth.Questions:1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whyisitdifficulttounderstandthebrain?3.Whathasrecenttechnologyallowedresearcherstodo?4.WhathavefMRIscansrevealedaboutthebrain?5.Whatisneuroplasticity,andwhatdoesthepassagesayaboutitsimplications?PassageTwoTheriseoftheinternetanddigitaltechnologyhastransformedthewaywecommunicate,work,andaccessinformation.Whiletheseadvancementshavebroughtmanybenefits,theyhavealsocreatednewchallenges.Oneofthesechallengesisthespreadofmisinformation.Theeasewithwhichfalseinformationcanbecreatedandsharedonlinehasledtoconcernsaboutitsimpactonsociety.Thisarticlewillexploretheproblemofmisinformationanddiscusssomestrategiesforaddressingit.Misinformationreferstofalseormisleadinginformationthatisspreadunintentionally.Itisoftendistinguishedfromdisinformation,whichisfalseinformationthatisspreaddeliberatelytodeceive.Misinformationcanarisefromavarietyofsources,includingerrors,misunderstandings,andmanipulation.Itcanspreadrapidlyonlineduetothelowbarriertoentryandthelackofeditorialoversight.Theconsequencesofmisinformationcanbeserious.Forexample,itcaninfluencepublicopinion,affectpoliticaloutcomes,andevencontributetohealthcrises.DuringtheCOVID-19pandemic,misinformationaboutthevirusandvaccinescausedconfusionandhesitancyamongthepublic,hinderingeffortstocontrolthespreadofthedisease.Thishighlightstheneedtoaddresstheproblemofmisinformationurgently.Severalstrategiescanbeusedtocombatmisinformation.Oneapproachistoimprovemedialiteracy,whichistheabilitytocriticallyevaluateinformation.Educatingpeopleabouthowtoidentifycrediblesourcesandrecognizebiasedormisleadingcontentcanhelpthemmakeinformeddecisions.Anotherstrategyistopromotetransparency,whichmeansmakingitclearwhoisbehindtheinformation.Thiscanhelppeopleassessthecredibilityofthesourceandthepotentialbiasesitmayhave.Questions:6.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?7.Whatisthedifferencebetweenmisinformationanddisinformation?8.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeconsequencesofmisinformation?9.Whatismedialiteracy,andwhatdoesthepassagesayaboutitsimportance?10.Whatistransparency,andhowcanithelpaddresstheproblemofmisinformation?PartIIClozeTestdirections:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblank,therearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushouldchoosethebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)has11)thebusinessworldinrecentyears.CompaniesareincreasinglyadoptingAItechnologiestoimproveefficiency,enhancecustomerexperiences,andgainacompetitiveedge.However,theintegrationofAIalsopresents12)challengesthatneedtobeaddressed.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengesisthepotentialdisplacementofjobs.AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,theycanperformtasksthatwerepreviouslydonebyhumans.Thishasledtoconcernsaboutjoblossesincertainsectors,particularlythoseinvolvingroutinemanualorcognitivetasks.13),whilesomejobsmaybereplaced,newjobsarealsolikelytobecreatedasaresultofAIadvancements.Thesejobsmayinvolvedeveloping,maintaining,andoverseeingAIsystems.AnotherchallengeistheethicalimplicationsofAI.AIsystemscanmakedecisionsbasedondata,andifthisdataisbiased,thedecisionsmadebytheAIcanalsobebiased.Thisraisesconcernsaboutfairness,accountability,andtransparencyinAIapplications.14),therearealsoconcernsaboutthepotentialmisuseofAItechnologies,suchasforsurveillanceorautonomousweapons.TheseethicalchallengesneedtobecarefullyconsideredandaddressedasAIcontinuestoevolve.To15)withthesechallenges,companiesandgovernmentsneedtocollaboratetodevelopstrategiesthatensuretheresponsibledevelopmentanddeploymentofAI.Thisincludesinvestingineducationandtrainingprogramstohelpworkersadapttothechangingjobmarket,aswellasestablishingethicalguidelinesandregulationsforAIapplications.16),fosteringacultureofinnovationandcollaborationcanhelpharnessthepotentialofAIwhileminimizingitsrisks.AIalsohasthepotentialto17)positivechangeinvarioussectors.Inhealthcare,forexample,AIcanbeusedtoanalyzemedicalimages,predictpatientoutcomes,anddeveloppersonalizedtreatmentplans.Ineducation,AIcanhelptailorlearningexperiencestoindividualstudents,18)theirlearningoutcomes.Inaddition,AIcanbeusedtoaddressenvironmentalchallenges,suchasclimatechangeandresourcemanagement.19)thebenefits,itiscrucialtoapproachAIdevelopmentwithcautionandresponsibility.20),byworkingtogetherandproactivelyaddressingthechallenges,wecanensurethatAIisusedtocreateabetterfutureforall.11.A)revolutionized12.A)considerable13.A)Moreover14.A)Similarly15.A)encounter16.A)additionally17.A)bring18.A)improve19.A)Apartfrom20.A)Nevertheless试卷答案PartIReadingComprehension1.A解析：文章首段提出人类大脑是一个神秘而复杂的器官，并指出尽管进行了数十年的研究，但关于大脑如何工作仍有很多未知。随后几段分别介绍了大脑的复杂性、研究方法的进步、大脑功能的研究以及神经可塑性的研究。因此，文章的主要话题是关于人类大脑的研究和理解。2.C解析：文章首段第二句指出大脑极其复杂，包含约860亿个神经元，每个神经元通过突触连接到数千个其他神经元，这些连接形成一个庞大的网络来处理信息和控制行为。这表明理解这个网络如何运作是科学家面临的一个主要挑战。因此，大脑难以理解的原因是其极其复杂的结构和功能。3.B解析：文章第二段提到，近年来技术的进步使研究人员能够比以往任何时候都更详细地研究大脑。功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）和脑电图（EEG）等技术使科学家能够实时观察大脑活动。这表明新技术使研究人员能够实时观察大脑活动。4.D解析：文章第二段提到，fMRI扫描显示，当人们阅读时，大脑的特定区域会变得活跃。这表明fMRI扫描揭示了大脑在处理语言时会激活特定区域。5.A解析：文章第四段介绍了神经可塑性，即大脑在一生中的能力和大脑可以对学习和发展做出反应，形成新的连接，甚至创造新的神经元。该段最后一句指出，了解神经可塑性如何运作可能导致改善认知功能和心理健康的新策略。因此，神经可塑性是指大脑改变和适应的能力，它对教育、康复和脑损伤治疗有重要意义。6.B解析：文章首段指出，互联网和数字技术的兴起已经改变了我们沟通、工作和获取信息的方式。随后几段分别讨论了虚假信息的传播、后果以及应对策略。因此，文章的主要话题是互联网和数字技术带来的挑战，特别是虚假信息的传播。7.C解析：文章第三段第一句定义了错误信息和虚假信息，并指出错误信息是无意的，而虚假信息是故意传播的。因此，错误信息和虚假信息的区别在于传播者的意图，错误信息是无意的，而虚假信息是故意的。8.A解析：文章第三段提到，错误信息的后果可能很严重，它可以影响公众舆论，影响政治结果，甚至导致健康危机。该段还以COVID-19大流行期间关于病毒和疫苗的错误信息为例，说明了错误信息造成的混乱和犹豫，阻碍了控制病毒传播的努力。因此，错误信息的一些后果是影响公众舆论、影响政治结果和导致健康危机。9.D解析：文章第四段定义了媒体素养，即批判性评估信息的能力。该段接着指出，教育人们如何识别可信来源和识别有偏见或误导性内容可以帮助他们做出明智的决定。因此，媒体素养是指批判性评估信息的能力，文章认为它很重要，因为它可以帮助人们做出明智的决定。10.B解析：文章第四段最后一句提到了透明度，即明确谁是信息的背后之人。该句指出，这可以