江苏省某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期中英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina(USTC)researchinternshipprogramprovidestheopportunityforgraduatestudentsor3rd/4thyearundergraduatestudentstoparticipateinresearchprojectstogainvaluableexperienceonavarietyofcutting-edgeresearchatUSTC.ProgramBenefits●Enhanceresearchcapabilityinstate-of-the-artlabsundertheguidanceofprofessorsatUSTC.●HaveacompetitiveedgeinapplicationforMaster’s,Ph.D.andpost-doctoralprogramsatUSTCbydevelopingrelationshipswithfacultyandstudents.●ApplyforfreeChineselanguageandcultureclasstolearnbasicChineselanguageandexploreuniqueHuiculture.ApplicationQualification1.GoodcommandofEnglish.2.Non-Chinesecitizenswithaforeignpassport.3.Currentlyenrolledfull-timestudentsinundergraduateYear3/4,Master’s,ordoctoralprograms.Cost●Tuition:2,100RMB(≈304USD)permonth(undergraduatestudentormasterstudent).2,600RMB(≈377USD)permonth(PhDstudent).●Studentdormitory:500-1,000RMB(≈73-146USD)permonthdependingonroomtypeandsize.●Insurance:160RMB(≈23USD)permonth.ScholarshipUSTCofferslimitedscholarshipstooutstandingstudents.Allapplicantswillbeevaluated.USTCFellowshipLevelA1.freeprehensivemedicalinsurance3.freeuniversitydormitory4.grant:2,500RMB(≈392USD)/month(Bachelor)3,000RMB(≈470USD)/month(Master)3,500RMB(≈550USD)/month(PhD)LevelB1.freetuition2.comprehensivemedicalinsuranceLevelCfreetuition1.Whoisqualifiedforthisresearchinternshipprogram?A.ChineseYear2undergraduateswithfluentEnglish.B.Chinesepost-doctoralresearcherswithgoodgrades.C.Part-timeforeignPhDstudentswithproficientEnglish.D.Full-timeEnglishMaster’sstudentswithaforeignpassport.2.HowmuchdoesaFellowshipLevelBstudentpayatleast?A.23USD/month. B.73USD/month. C.146USD/month. D.304USD/month.3.Whereisthearticleprobablytakenfrom?A.Anofficialnoticepage. B.Acollegetravelbrochure.C.Chineselanguagetextbook. D.Anonlinejob-huntingwebsite.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了中国科学技术大学研究实习项目的相关信息，包括项目益处、申请资格、费用及奖学金情况。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据ApplicationQualification部分“2.Non-Chinesecitizenswithaforeignpassport.(2.持有外国护照的非中国公民。)”和“3.Currentlyenrolledfull-timestudentsinundergraduateYear3/4,Master’s,ordoctoralprograms.(3.目前全日制本科三、四年级、硕士或博士在读学生。)”可知，持有外国护照的英语硕士全日制学生有资格申请这个研究实习项目。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Scholarship中LevelB“1.freetuition；2.comprehensivemedicalinsurance(1.免学费；2.综合医疗保险)”，以及Cost中“Studentdormitory:500-1,000RMB(≈73-146USD)permonth(学生宿舍：每月500-1000元人民币，约合73-146美元)”可知，B级奖学金学生需至少支付宿舍费最低档73美元/月。故选B。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由第一段“TheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina(USTC)researchinternshipprogramprovidestheopportunityforgraduatestudentsor3rd/4thyearundergraduatestudentstoparticipateinresearchprojectstogainvaluableexperienceonavarietyofcutting-edgeresearchatUSTC.(中国科技大学（USTC）的研究实习项目为研究生或三四年级本科生提供了参与研究项目的机会，以获得在USTC进行各种前沿研究的宝贵经验。)”可知，文章主要介绍了中国科学技术大学的研究实习项目，包括项目的益处、申请资格、费用以及奖学金情况，这些信息通常出现在官方公告或通知中。因此，文章最有可能来源于一个官方通知页面。故选A。BThefirsttimeIwenttoGermanywithmyboyfriend,Iwasveryyoungandhadn’tbeentomanyplaces.Assoonaswearrived,Ihadthisincrediblerevelation,“Iknowallaboutthisarea!Thefood,thelanguage.IknowallabouttheSchwarzwald,theBlackForest,”IsaidtohisGermanfamily.“Howdoyouknowaboutthis?”theyasked,indisbelief.ThatwasthefirsttimeitdawnedonmehowmuchIknewabouttherestoftheworld,andhowpreparedIwasforit,justfromgrowingupinNewYorkCity—thatIhadbeeneverywherebeforeI’deveractuallygoneanywhere.IgrewupintheChelseaProjects,28810thAvenueat26thStreet.Alotofkidstherewerefirst-generationAmericanswithimmigrantparentswhowerestillspeakingYiddishorChineseorPortuguese,orjustnamealanguage,andtheywerespeakingit.Youateeveryimaginablefoodfromtherestoftheworldthere.Youwereexposedtoalldifferentkindsoftraditions.Itwasn’tjustthat.Thewholecitywasaclassroom.Allovertown,youlearnedstuffyoudidn’tevenknowyouwerelearning.Youdidn’thavetoberichtolearnit,either.Mymomwasateacher—agreatHeadStartteacher—andshemadesureIpartookofeverythingNewYorkhadtoofferpeoplewhodidn’thaveanymoney,becausesheknewitwasthegreatesteducationintheworld.Wewenttoallthemuseums,whichwerefreebackthen.We’dridethebustoLincolnCenter,beforeitwasLincolnCenter,andwatchdancersdancingthere.Orwe’dtakethetraintoConeyIsland.Thosetripsareamongmyfondestmemories.NewYorkCityplayedabigpartinmakingmewhoIam.It’swhereIlearnedthatIcouldpursuewhateverIloved,butthatIcouldn’tbeaslacker(偷懒的人).Thecityiseverythingyou’vehearditis.It’scrazy,it’shorrible,it’smagnificent,it’sbeautiful.It’sareallivewire,hardtoleave.4.Whatcontributedtotheauthor’sknowledgeofGermany?A.Herpasttraveladventures. B.Herboyfriend’sdescriptions.C.Herchildhoodexperience. D.Herpreviousschooleducation.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor’sneighborhood?A.Itwasatouristhotspotfortraditions.B.Parentstherespoketheirmothertongues.C.KidstherewerebornoutsideofAmerica.D.Itwasfamousforitsmanyrestaurants.6.WhatdidNewYorkprovide?A.Diverselearningopportunities. B.Qualityeducationprograms.C.Financialsupportforparents. D.Welfarebenefitsforthepoor.7.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.TopersuadereaderstomovetoNewYorkCity.B.ToexplainhowpublictransportationworksinNewYork.C.ToillustratehowgrowingupinNewYorkshapedhervaluesandambitions.D.Toarguethatmuseumsshouldalwaysbefreeofcharge.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在纽约成长的经历如何使她了解世界并塑造了她的价值观和志向。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThatwasthefirsttimeitdawnedonmehowmuchIknewabouttherestoftheworld,andhowpreparedIwasforit,justfromgrowingupinNewYorkCity—thatIhadbeeneverywherebeforeI’deveractuallygoneanywhere.(那是我第一次意识到，仅仅因为在纽约市长大，我就对世界其他地方了解了多少，并且为此做好了多少准备——在我真正去任何地方之前，我就已经“到过”任何地方了)”以及第三段“IgrewupintheChelseaProjects,28810thAvenueat26thStreet.Alotofkidstherewerefirst-generationAmericanswithimmigrantparentswhowerestillspeakingYiddishorChineseorPortuguese,orjustnamealanguage,andtheywerespeakingit.Youateeveryimaginablefoodfromtherestoftheworldthere.Youwereexposedtoalldifferentkindsoftraditions.(我成长于切尔西项目，位于第10大道288号，26街。那里的很多孩子都是第一代美国人，他们的父母是移民，还在说意第绪语、中文、葡萄牙语，或者随便说一种语言，他们就在说那种语言。你在那里能吃到世界上所有能想到的食物。你会接触到各种不同的传统)”可知，是作者的童年经历使她对德国有所了解。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Alotofkidstherewerefirst-generationAmericanswithimmigrantparentswhowerestillspeakingYiddishorChineseorPortuguese,orjustnamealanguage,andtheywerespeakingit.(那里的很多孩子都是第一代美国人，他们的父母是移民，还在说意第绪语、中文、葡萄牙语，或者随便说一种语言，他们就在说那种语言)”可知，作者所在社区的父母们说着他们的母语。故选B。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thewholecitywasaclassroom.Allovertown,youlearnedstuffyoudidn’tevenknowyouwerelearning.Youdidn’thavetoberichtolearnit,either.(整个城市就是一个教室。在整个城市里，你学到了一些你甚至不知道自己正在学习的东西。你也不必为了学习而变得富有)”以及第五段“Wewenttoallthemuseums,whichwerefreebackthen.We’dridethebustoLincolnCenter,beforeitwasLincolnCenter,andwatchdancersdancingthere.Orwe’dtakethetraintoConeyIsland.Thosetripsareamongmyfondestmemories.(我们去了所有的博物馆，那时都是免费的。我们会在它成为林肯中心之前乘公共汽车去那里，看舞者跳舞。或者我们乘火车去科尼岛。那些旅行是我最美好的回忆之一)”可知，纽约提供了多样化的学习机会。故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“NewYorkCityplayedabigpartinmakingmewhoIam.It’swhereIlearnedthatIcouldpursuewhateverIloved,butthatIcouldn’tbeaslacker(偷懒的人).Thecityiseverythingyou’vehearditis.It’scrazy,it’shorrible,it’smagnificent,it’sbeautiful.It’sareallivewire,hardtoleave.(纽约市在塑造我成为什么样的人方面发挥了重要作用。在那里我了解到我可以追求我所爱的任何东西，但我不能成为一个偷懒的人。这座城市就是你所听闻的那样。它很疯狂，很可怕，很壮观，很美丽。这是一座真正充满活力的城市，让人难以离开)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是说明在纽约成长如何塑造了她的价值观和志向。故选C。CWhenpeopletrustscience,theycanmakebetterdecisionsandworktogetheronbigproblemslikeclimatechange.Butifpeoplestoptrustingscience,it’seasierforfalseinformationtospreadandhardertosolvetheseproblems.Onewayscientistsaretryingtobuildmoretrustisbybeingmoreopenaboutthemselvesandtheirwork.Theideaof“openscience”meanssharingdata,experimentalmethodsandevenunsuccessfulresults.Scientistsarealsobeingaskedtorevealiftheyhaveanyfinancialintereststhatmightaffecttheirwork.However,asaphilosopherofscienceandpublicpolicy,IarguethatsomeformsofopennesscanactuallyreducetrustScientistsaren’tperfectbecausetheyarehumanbeings.However,evenwhenmostlycorrect,theycanlosepublictrustduetomistakes.Forexample,in2009,theClimaticResearchUnitattheUniversityofEastAngliainEnglandwashacked,whichledtotheleakofthousandsofclimatescientists’emails.Thiscausedpublicconcernoveracover-upofdatathatgoagainstglobalwarming.Numerousinvestigationsfoundnomisconductandthescientistsweredoingnormalresearch.However,thelackofcontextintheleakeddatagaverisetoconspiracytheories.Somealsobelievethatgoodscientistsneverhaveconflictsofinterestandthatscientistswhodoareinthewrong.Soyoucouldarguethatit’sOKforscientiststohideconflictsofinteresttokeeppublictrust.Thisiscalleda“noblelie”.Howeverlyingonlyworksifnoonefindsout,andhistoryshowsthatthetruthusuallycomesoutintheend.TheideaofanoblelieiswhatIcallafakesolution.Itdoesn’treallyfixtheproblem.Itjustshowsthatpeopledon’tunderstandenoughabouthowscienceandscientistswork.Scientistsaren’tcompletelyfairorneutral.Everyonehassomelevelofpersonalopinionoroutsidepressure,whichmayaffecttheirwork.Andsciencedoesn’tprovethingsforsure.Itmakesthebestguessesbasedonfactsanddata.Scientistsknowthattheyaren’tperfect,andneitheristhepracticeofscience.Buttheyhaven’tdoneagreatjobofexplainingthattothepublic.Ifwewantpeopletotrustscienceasmuchasitshouldbetrusted,weneedtohelpthemreallyunderstandhowitworks.8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Bydefiningacomplexidea B.BychallenginganassumptionC.Bycomparingtwoviewpoints D.Bypresentingareal-lifeexample9.Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningthe2009case?A.Climatechangeisoftenexaggerated.B.Researchshouldbebetterprotected.C.Partialopennesscandamagetrust.D.Mediareportscanshapepublicopinion.10.Howdoestheauthorviewthe“noblelie”?A.Asriskyyetunavoidable B.AsamoralbutdelicateactC.Aswisebutrarelysuccessful D.Aswronginprincipleandeffect11.Whatistheauthor’sadviceforscientists?A.Balancetruthwithpublicimage B.KeeptheirpersonalviewsprivateC.Providesolidevidenceforeachclaim D.Admitthelimitsofscienceclearly【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了信任科学对解决重大问题至关重要，科学家试图通过开放科学建立信任，但部分开放可能损信，“高尚的谎言”不可取，科学家应向公众坦诚科学的局限性以赢得真正信任。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whenpeopletrustscience,theycanmakebetterdecisionsandworktogetheronbigproblemslikeclimatechange.Butifpeoplestoptrustingscience,it’seasierforfalseinformationtospreadandhardertosolvetheseproblems.(当人们信任科学时，他们可以做出更好的决定，并在气候变化等重大问题上共同努力。但是，如果人们不再相信科学，虚假信息就更容易传播，这些问题就更难解决。)”可推知，作者是通过比较两种观点引入文章的话题。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“However,asaphilosopherofscienceandpublicpolicy,IarguethatsomeformsofopennesscanactuallyreducetrustScientistsaren’tperfectbecausetheyarehumanbeings.However,evenwhenmostlycorrect,theycanlosepublictrustduetomistakes.Forexample,in2009,theClimaticResearchUnitattheUniversityofEastAngliainEnglandwashacked,whichledtotheleakofthousandsofclimatescientists’emails.Thiscausedpublicconcernoveracover-upofdatathatgoagainstglobalwarming.(然而，作为一名科学和公共政策哲学家，我认为某些形式的开放实际上会减少信任科学家并不完美，因为他们是人类。然而，即使在大部分情况下是正确的，他们也会因为错误而失去公众的信任。例如，2009年，英国东安格利亚大学气候研究中心遭到黑客攻击，导致数千名气候科学家的电子邮件泄露。这引起了公众对掩盖与全球变暖相反的数据的担忧。)”可知，作者试图通过提到2009年的案例来说明某些形式的开放实际上会损害信任。故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Somealsobelievethatgoodscientistsneverhaveconflictsofinterestandthatscientistswhodoareinthewrong.Soyoucouldarguethatit’sOKforscientiststohideconflictsofinteresttokeeppublictrust.Thisiscalleda“noblelie”.Howeverlyingonlyworksifnoonefindsout,andhistoryshowsthatthetruthusuallycomesoutintheend.TheideaofanoblelieiswhatIcallafakesolution.Itdoesn’treallyfixtheproblem.(一些人还认为，优秀的科学家永远不会有利益冲突，有利益冲突的科学家是错的。所以你可以说，科学家为了保持公众的信任而隐藏利益冲突是可以的。这就是所谓的“高尚的谎言”。然而，谎言只有在没有人发现的情况下才有效，历史表明，真相通常最终会大白于天下。高尚的谎言就是我所说的假的解决方案。这并不能真正解决问题。)”可推知，作者认为“高尚的谎言”在原则上和效果上都是错误的。故选D项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Scientistsknowthattheyaren’tperfect,andneitheristhepracticeofscience.Buttheyhaven’tdoneagreatjobofexplainingthattothepublic.Ifwewantpeopletotrustscienceasmuchasitshouldbetrusted,weneedtohelpthemreallyunderstandhowitworks.(科学家们知道他们并不完美，科学实践也不完美。但他们并没有很好地向公众解释这一点。如果我们想让人们相信科学，我们需要帮助他们真正理解它是如何工作的。)”可知，作者对科学家的建议是明确地承认科学的局限性。故选D项。DThisyearistheInternationalYearofQuantumScienceandTechnology,marking100yearssincetheinitialdevelopmentofquantummechanics(量子力学).OnOct7,theNobelPrizeinPhysicswenttothreescientistsforshowingthatthespecialpropertiesofthequantumworldcanbemadeconcreteinasystembigenoughtobeheldinyourhand.Quantummechanicsmightseemabstract.Itdescribespropertiesthataresignificantatthelevelofsingleparticles,knownasmicroscopicphenomena(微观现象).Still,macroscopicphenomena(宏观现象)involvelotsofparticles.Forexample,aregularballismadeupoflotsofparticlesanddoesn’tshowquantumeffects.Butasingleparticlemightsometimespassthroughabarrierinitsmicroscopicworldandappearontheotherside.Thisisaquantummechanicalphenomenoncalledtunneling.Thisyear’swinners—JohnClarkefromtheUK,MichelH.Devoret,andJohnMartinis—showedthatquantumtunnelingcanalsooccuronamacroscopicscaleinvolvingmanyparticles.Scientistsbuiltanelectricalcircuit(电路)usingtwosuperconductors,whichcarrycurrentwithoutresistance.Theyplacedathinnon-conductivelayerbetweenthemandusedachipaboutacentimeterinsizetoholdthecircuit.Withbillionsofelectronsfillingthesuperconductoronthechip,theexperimentshowedtheeffectsofquantummechanicsonamacroscopicscale.Initially,theexperimenthadnovoltage,likeaswitchstuckintheoffposition.Suddenly,avoltageappearedasiftheswitchwasmovedfromofftoon,despitethebarrier.Whathappenedintheexperimentwasmacroscopicquantumtunneling.Thescientistsalsoshowedthatthesystemwasquantized,meaningitonlyabsorbedoremittedenergyinspecificamounts.TheNobelCommitteeforPhysicssaidthisresearchhaslaidthegroundworkforthenextgenerationofquantumtechnologies,includingquantumcryptography,quantumcomputers,andquantumsensors.EvaOlsson,amemberofthecommittee,alsodescribedthediscoveryasopening“adoortoanotherworld”,encouragingpeopletostudyquantummechanicsonalargerscale.12.Whatdidthisyear’sNobelPrizewinnersachieve?A.Theyenlargedquantumeffectstoavisiblescale.B.Theydiscoverednewmicroscopicparticles.C.Theyproposedanewruleofquantummotion.D.Theycreatedagroundbreakingquantumdevice.13.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleoftheball?A.Toshowhowmotionfollowsphysicallaws. B.Toillustrateenergytransferduringimpact.C.Tocontrastclassicalandquantumbehavior. D.Toshowthedifficultyofobservingtunneling.14.Whatdoweknowabouttheexperiment?A.Itvisualizedtunnelingacrossmetalbarriers.B.Ittrackedquantumshiftsthroughresistance.C.Itlinkedvoltagechangetotunnelingeffects.D.Itusedenergyabsorptiontobreakbarriers.15.What’sthesignificanceoftheresearch,accordingtotheNobelCommitteeforPhysics?A.Itexplainstheoriginsofparticlemotion.B.Itchallengestraditionalphysicsconcepts.C.Itinspiresinterestinmicroscopicphysics.D.Itbridgesquantumtheoryandpracticaluse.【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了今年诺贝尔物理学奖成果——科学家通过宏观实验证明量子隧穿效应，并强调其对未来量子技术的奠基作用，揭示了量子力学从微观到宏观的扩展潜力。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“OnOct7,theNobelPrizeinPhysicswenttothreescientistsforshowingthatthespecialpropertiesofthequantumworldcanbemadeconcreteinasystembigenoughtobeheldinyourhand.(10月7日，诺贝尔物理学奖授予了三位科学家，他们证明了量子世界的特殊性质可以在一个足以握在手掌中的宏观系统中具体呈现。)”和第三段“Thisyear’swinners—JohnClarkefromtheUK,MichelH.Devoret,andJohnMartinis—showedthatquantumtunnelingcanalsooccuronamacroscopicscaleinvolvingmanyparticles.(今年的获奖者——来自英国的JohnClarke以及MichelH.Devoret和JohnMartinis——证明了量子隧穿效应也能在包含大量粒子的宏观尺度上发生。)”可知，今年的获奖者将量子效应放大到了可见的尺度。故选A项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Still,macroscopicphenomena(宏观现象)involvelotsofparticles.Forexample,aregularballismadeupoflotsofparticlesanddoesn’tshowquantumeffects.Butasingleparticlemightsometimespassthroughabarrierinitsmicroscopicworldandappearontheotherside.(然而，宏观现象通常涉及大量粒子。以普通球体为例，虽然它由无数粒子构成，却不会显现量子效应。但单个粒子在其微观世界中却可能穿越势垒，在另一侧突然出现。)”可知，作者用球的例子说明宏观物体与微观粒子的行为差异，从而对比经典物理行为和量子行为。故选C项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Initially,theexperimenthadnovoltage,likeaswitchstuckintheoffposition.Suddenly,avoltageappearedasiftheswitchwasmovedfromofftoon,despitethebarrier.Whathappenedintheexperimentwasmacroscopicquantumtunneling.(最初，这个实验没有电压，就像一个开关卡在关闭的位置。突然，一个电压出现了，好像开关从关到开，尽管有障碍。实验中发生的是宏观量子隧穿。)”可知，实验将电压变化与隧穿效应联系起来。故选C项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“TheNobelCommitteeforPhysicssaidthisresearchhaslaidthegroundworkforthenextgenerationofquantumtechnologies,includingquantumcryptography,quantumcomputers,andquantumsensors.(诺贝尔物理学奖委员会表示，这项研究为量子密码学、量子计算机、量子传感器等下一代量子技术奠定了基础。)”可知，委员会认为该研究对未来量子技术具有奠基作用，说明研究的意义在于架起了量子理论与实际应用之间的桥梁。故选D项。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtomaketasksfeellighterRecently,Iwroteabouthowtospeedupyourtasks.____16____Whenyoudothis,you’relesslikelytoavoidit.Youfinishfasterandwithlessstress.Sincethatideastruckachordwithmanyreaders,herearefourmoretoolstohelpmaketasksfeellighter.SeeitasstandaloneAtwo-hourtaskcanfeelheavyifit’spartofamonth-longproject____17____.Onceyoufinish,you’redone.Trybreakingawayfromthebiggerprojectinyourmindandfocusonlyonthepieceinfrontofyou.Lowerthestakes____18____Forexample,writingoneemailmightfeellikeyouronlychancetobuildafriendshiporgetareply.Instead,imaginethetaskhasfewerconsequences.Remindyourselfthatoneresultwon’tdefinethewholeoutcome.It’sonlyonepieceofthepicture.____19____Sometimesataskfeelsheavybecauseyouputtoomuchofyourselfintoit.Trytotreatitlikeasimpleexchange.Showup,dowhat’srequired,collecttherewardandmoveon.Noteverytaskneedsyourfullidentityorpassion.Bringyour“averageself”Noteverytaskneedsyourverybest.Sometimesjustcompletingitisenoughtoimpressothers.Evenyour“regularself”candoagoodjob.____20____A.Treatitlikebusiness,notpersonalB.ApproachthetaskwitharelaxedattitudeC.BreakthetaskintoasmanytinystepsaspossibleD.RemindyourselfthatfinishingisalreadyanachievementE.OnekeypointwasreducingtheemotionalweightofthetaskF.Butifyoupictureitasasingle,independenttask,itfeelsmuchsimplerG.Weoftenaddpressurebyimaginingthatonetaskwilldecideeverything【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.A20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，短文介绍了如何让任务变轻松。【16题详析】根据上文“Recently,Iwroteabouthowtospeedupyourtasks.(最近，我写过关于如何加快任务进度的文章。)”以及下文“Whenyoudothis,you’relesslikelytoavoidit.Youfinishfasterandwithlessstress.(当你这样做时，你就不太可能逃避它。你会完成得更快，压力也更小。)”可知，空格处需衔接前文的“加快任务进度”并引出后文的“减轻逃避心理和压力”的方法。E选项“Onekeypointwasreducingtheemotionalweightofthetask(其中一个关键点是减轻任务的情感负担)”既呼应了前文的“任务相关方法”，又解释了后文“完成更快、压力更小”的原因，“this”指代“减轻情感负担”，符合语境。故选E项。【17题详析】根据上文“Atwo-hourtaskcanfeelheavyifit’spartofamonth-longproject(如果一项两小时的任务是一个长达一个月的项目的一部分，它会让人觉得很繁重)”可知，空格处需通过对比，说明将任务视为独立个体时的感受。F选项“Butifyoupictureitasasingle,independenttask,itfeelsmuchsimpler(但如果你把它想象成一个单一的、独立的任务，它会感觉简单得多)”中“but”表转折，“single,independenttask”与上文“partofamonth-longproject”形成对比，且符合“让任务变轻松”的主题。故选F项。【18题详析】根据本段小标题“Lowerthestakes(降低风险)”及下文“Forexample,writingoneemailmightfeellikeyouronlychancetobuildafriendshiporgetareply.(例如，写一封邮件可能会让你觉得这是建立友谊或得到回复的唯一机会。)”可知，空格处需提出“人们会给任务增加过高压力”的观点。G选项“Weoftenaddpressurebyimaginingthatonetaskwilldecideeverything(我们常常会因为想象某一项任务会决定一切而给自己增加压力)”既点明了“降低风险”的对立面（增加压力），又为下文的例子提供了观点支撑，符合语境。故选G项。【19题详析】根据下文“Sometimesataskfeelsheavybecauseyouputtoomuchofyourselfintoit.Trytotreatitlikeasimpleexchange.(有时候，一项任务让人觉得繁重是因为你投入了太多的个人情感。试着把它当作一次简单的交换。)”可知，本段核心是“不要将任务个人化，应视为单纯的事务性交换”。A选项“Treatitlikebusiness,notpersonal(把它当作公事，而不是私事)”为祈使句，且准确概括了本段主题，与其他小标题格式一致。故选A项。【20题详析】根据本段小标题“Bringyour“averageself”(拿出你的“普通自我”)”及前文“Noteverytaskneedsyourverybest.Sometimesjustcompletingitisenoughtoimpressothers.Evenyour“regularself”candoagoodjob.(并非每项任务都需要你做到最好。有时候，仅仅完成它就足以给别人留下深刻印象。即使是你的“普通自我”也能做好。)”可知，空格处需总结“完成任务本身就是一种成就”。D选项“Remindyourselfthatfinishingisalreadyanachievement(提醒自己，完成本身就是一种成就)”呼应了前文“无需做到最好，完成即可”的观点，符合语境。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Morethanfiftyyearsago,whenIwasyoung,Ilivedinaharmoniouscommunity.Everycornerheldamemoryofsharedadventures.However,myparentsmadethedecisiontomovetoLongIsland,____21____bythepromiseofmorespaceandaquieterlife.Butforme,itfeltlikebeing____22____fromeverythingfamiliar.Irememberthedayweleft,thebackofthemovingtruck____23____alongshadowoverthestreet.Asthecar____24____,Ipressedmyfaceagainstthewindow,watchingthecitysightsdisappearintothedistance,mythroat____25____.Myfirstdayatthenewschoolwasfilledwithunfamiliarfacesandsounds.Thelunchroomwas____26____.Allthetableshadalreadybeen____27____bygroupsofclosefriends.IcouldfeelthebloodrushingtomycheeksasImovedcautiouslythroughthecrowd,myheart____28____witheachstep.Afterseveraldaysofhidingaway,Ifoundmyselfaloneagainatlunchtime.That’swhenIsawhim,akidfrommyEnglishclass,someoneIhad____29____spokento.Hewassittingwithafewothers,buttherewasanemptyseatnexttohim.Hewavedme____30____.AsIapproached,Icouldfeeltheeyesoftheotherswatchingme,yethisfriendlysmileputme____31____.Islidintotheseat,myheartstillracing,butawaveof____32____washingoverme.Itwasasmallactofkindness,butitmeanteverything.Evennow,Iremaingrateful.Hissimplegesturenotonlyhelpedmesurvivethatdifficult____33____butalsotaughtmethe____34____lessonthattruefriendshipcan____35____barriersandbringwarmthtoeventhemostuncomfortablesituations.21.A.drawn B.pushed C.cheated D.invited22.A.setapart B.putout C.takenaway D.tornaway23.A.casting B.shooting C.highlighting D.throwing24.A.tookoff B.pulledaway C.setoff D.rolledout25.A.burning B.tightening C.aching D.drying26.A.annoying B.orderly C.chaotic D.silent27.A.seized B.distributed C.reserved D.claimed28.A.striking B.sinking C.pounding D.beating29.A.simply B.barely C.gradually D.casually30.A.over B.in C.through D.aside31.A.offduty B.onalert C.indespair D.atease32.A.comfort B.relief C.satisfaction D.accomplishment33.A.beginning B.suffering C.transition D.transformation34.A.priceless B.meaningless C.useless D.worthless35.A.deny B.move C.lift D.create【答案】21.A22.D23.A24.B25.B26.C27.D28.C29.B30.A31.D32.B33.C34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者年轻时搬家经历，讲述了在新环境中因陌生人善意而克服心理障碍、感悟友谊真谛的故事。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的父母决定搬到长岛，被更多空间和更安静生活的承诺所吸引。A.drawn吸引；B.pushed推动；C.cheated欺骗；D.invited邀请。根据后文“bythepromiseofmorespaceandaquieterlife”可知，父母是被新生活的愿景“吸引”。故选A。【22题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但对我来说，感觉就像被从熟悉的一切中撕裂。A.setapart分开；B.putout熄灭；C.takenaway拿走；D.tornaway撕开，拆开。根据后文“fromeverythingfamiliar.”可知，作者对搬迁的抵触感，体现为“被从熟悉事物中撕裂”，tornaway符合情感强度。故选D.【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得我们离开的那天，搬家卡车的尾部在街上投下长长的影子。A.casting投，掷；B.shooting射击；C.highlighting强调；D.throwing扔。根据前文“thebackofthemovingtruck”可知，搬家卡车在街上投下长长的影子，castashadow是固定搭配，意为“投下影子”。故选A。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当汽车开走时，我把脸贴在窗户上，看着城市的景色消失在远处，喉咙哽咽。A.tookoff脱下；B.pulledaway（车辆）缓缓开走，驶离；C.setoff出发；D.rolledout正式推出。根据后文“Ipressedmyfaceagainstthewindow,watchingthecitysightsdisappearintothedistance”可知，描述车辆离开的动作，pulledaway（驶离）更贴合“离开社区”的语境。故选B。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.burning燃烧；B.tightening拉紧；C.aching疼痛；D.drying使干。前文“Butforme,itfeltlikebeingfromeverythingfamiliar.”提到作者要离开自己熟悉的一切，离别时的难过会导致“喉咙发紧”，throattightening是英语中表达悲伤、哽咽的常见说法。故选B。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：食堂里一片嘈杂。A.annoying恼人的；B.orderly有序的；C.chaotic混乱的；D.silent沉默的。根据前文“Myfirstdayatthenewschoolwasfilledwithunfamiliarfacesandsounds.”和后文“groupsofclosefriends”以及“IcouldfeelthebloodrushingtomycheeksasImovedcautiouslythroughthecrowd”可知，人群拥挤，暗示嘈杂混乱，与作者不安情绪呼应。故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析句意：所有的桌子都已经被亲密的朋友们占据了。A.seized抓住；B.distributed分配；C.reserved保留；D.claimed声称拥有，占据。根据后文“groupsofclosefriends”可知，描述朋友群体“占据”餐桌的状态，claimed更自然。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我小心翼翼地穿过人群，能感觉到血液涌到脸颊上，我的心在怦怦直跳。A.striking撞击；B.sinking下沉；C.pounding（心脏等）狂跳；D.beating连续打击；猛击。根据前文“Icouldfeelthebloodrushingtomycheeks”可知，pounding特指心脏因紧张、激动而剧烈跳动，更贴合“小心翼翼穿过人群”的紧张感。故选C。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：就是在那个时候我看到了他，英语班的一个孩子，我几乎没和他说过话。A.simply仅仅；B.barely几乎不；C.gradually逐渐地；D.casually随便地。根据前文“Ifoundmyselfaloneagainatlunchtime.That’swhenIsawhim,”可知，作者自己独自在食堂，与对方并不熟悉，barely符合“几乎没交流”的语境。故选B。【30题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：他挥手让我过去。A.over越过；B.in在……里面；C.through穿过；D.aside在……旁边。waveover挥手叫……过来。根据前文“Hewassittingwithafewothers,buttherewasanemptyseatnexttohim.”和后文“Islidintotheseat”可知，他挥手让作者过去，wavesb.over是固定搭配，意为“招手叫某人过来”。故选A。【31题详析】考查短语词义辨析。句意：当我走近时，我能感觉到其他人的目光在注视着我，但他友好的微笑让我放松下来。A.offduty下班；B.onalert警戒；C.indespair绝望；D.atease轻松。根据前文“yethisfriendlysmile”可知，对方的微笑让作者“放松”。故选D。【32题详析】考查名词