江苏省镇江市丹阳市部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期10月阶段检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省镇江市丹阳市部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期10月阶段检测英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIfyouarelookingforappstolearnEnglishforstudyingabroad,youmightbeconfused.Therearesomanyappstochoosefrom.HowcanyoudecidewhichEnglishlanguagelearningappisrightforyou?OurlistoftopfourfavouriteappstoimproveyourEnglishwillhelp.HelloEnglish—BestappformiddlelearnersIfyoualreadyunderstandthebasicsbutwanttoimproveyourEnglish,thisappisforyou.HelloEnglishstartswithalanguagetest,andthenservesupEnglishlessonsbasedonyourtestresults.HelloEnglishsupportslearnerswith23nativelanguagesandletsyouplaygames,watchvideosandlistentoaudiobooks,too.Freeversionsavailable(可用的)foriOS,AndroidandWindows.FluentU-Bestmedia-basedappThisappsourcesEnglish-languagevideosfromtherealworld—includingnews,musicandvideos—tohelpyoulearnEnglish.Interactivecaptions(字幕)allowyoutotapanywordandseemoreinformationaboutit.Freetrial(试用)andpaidmonthlysubscriptionsavailableforAndroidandiOS.RosettaStone—Mostmulti-useappThisaward-winningEnglishlanguagelearningappteachesvocabularyandEnglishgrammar.RosettaStoneincludeslessonsonpronunciationsoyoucanimproveyourEnglishaccent.Youcanalsodownloadaudiolessonstolearnoffline.FreetrialandpaidversionsavailableforAndroid,i0SandWindows.Duolingo—MostfunappThispersonalizedEnglish-learningappturnsstudyingintoagame.Earnvirtualcoins(虚拟硬币)tounlocknewlevelsandupgrade.Ananimatedowl(动画猫头鹰)keepsyoucompanyandencouragesyouasyoulearn.Whenyouhavequestions,gethelpfromfellowstudentsinsidetheappusingtheDuolingomessageboards.FreeandpaidversionsavailableforAndroid,iOSandWindows.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutHelloEnglish?A.Theuserscan’tplaygames.B.ItmaynotsuitEnglishbeginners.C.Itprovideslessonswithoutalanguagetest.D.Theuserscanchatwith23nativespeakers.2.Whichappbestsuitsthosewhowanttopractisepronunciation?A.HelloEnglish. B.Duolingo.C.RosettaStone. D.FluentU.3.WhatisspecialaboutDuolingo?A.Itonlyhasthepaidversion.B.Anowlcananswerquestions.C.Theusersmustusecashtoupgrade.D.ItcombinesEnglishlearningwithfun.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个最受喜爱的提高英语应用程序。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据HelloEnglish—Bestappformiddlelearners(HelloEnglish—适合中级学习者的最佳应用)和该部分中的“IfyoualreadyunderstandthebasicsbutwanttoimproveyourEnglish,thisappisforyou.(如果您已经了解基础知识但想提高英语水平，那么这个应用程序适合您。)”可知，HelloEnglish这一应用程序适合中级学习者，不适合英语初学者，故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据RosettaStone—Mostmulti-useapp部分中的“RosettaStoneincludeslessonsonpronunciationsoyoucanimproveyourEnglishaccent.(RosettaStone包含发音课程，因此您可以提高英语口音。)”可知，RosettaStone应用程序最适合那些想要练习发音的人，故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Duolingo—Mostfunapp部分中的“ThispersonalizedEnglish-learningappturnsstudyingintoagame.(这款个性化的英语学习应用程序将学习变成了游戏。)”可知，Duolingo这款应用程序的特殊之处在于它将英语学习与乐趣结合起来。故选D。BABritishfriendtoldmehecouldn’tunderstandwhyChinesepeopleloveeatingsunflowerseeds(嗑瓜子)asasnacksomuch.“I’vemetalotofolderChineseandmanyhaveacrackintheirfrontteeth,Ibelievethat’sfromcrackingtheseeds,”hesaid.Ihadnevernoticedthehabit,butoncehementionedit,Isuddenlybecamemoreaware.IrealizedthatwheneverI’mwatchingTVortypingareport,Ialwaysstartmindlesslycrackingsunflowerseeds.Myfrienddoesn’tlikesunflowerseeds,and,tohim,itseemsunnecessarytoworksomuchjusttogetonesmallseed.Whenwewereyoung,thewholefamilywouldusuallygettogetherforChineseNewYear.Then,wealllivedclosetooneanother,usuallyinasmallcity,andsometimesevenneighborswouldgodoor-to-dooronChineseNewYear’sEvetocheckoutwhateveryfamilywasmaking.Iremembermyparentswouldbeinthekitchencooking.Outinthelivingroom,alargetablewouldalreadybelaidout,completewithfancytablecloth,ready-madedumplingfillings,anddishesfullofcandy,fruitsandsunflowerseeds.Someofthedishesweretobeofferedtoourancestorslater,whileotherswereforneighborsandchildrentoeatbeforetheeveningfeast.Imusthavelearnedhowtocracksunflowerseedsbackthen.Idon’tthinkit’srighttocriticize(批评)one’schoiceinfoodoreatinghabits,nomatterhowstrangetheymayseem.It’snotonlyinChina.WhenIwentabroad,Ifoundpeoplehadallsortsofstrangehabitswhenitcametofood.InDenmark,theyputsaltedredfishonbreadandeatitfordinner,nomatterhowmuchitruinsyourbreath.Theythinkit’sdelicious,andit’sconnectedtotheircertainculture.Ithinkit’sawonderfultradition.4.WhycantheBritishfriendnotunderstandwhenhefoundChineseloveeatingsunflowerseeds?A.Becausetheseedsaretoohardtocrack.B.Becausehethinkstheyareharmfultoteeth.C.Becausehedoesn’tthinktheseedsarewortheating.D.Becausehedoesn’tthinktheseedsaregood.5.WhatdoesthewriterprovebymentioningChineseNewYear?A.Thefamiliesgettogetherforit. B.Childrencaneatdeliciousfoodonthatday.C.Thetraditionsofcelebratingitdisappear. D.Eatingsunflowerseedsisrelatedtoit.6.What’sthewriter’sattitudetoDenmark’swayofeatingbread?A.Uncaring. B.Negative. C.Understandable. D.Doubtful.7.Whatideadoesthewriterwanttoexpressinthispassage?A.Eatinghabitscomefromacertainculture.B.Itisgoodtoformhealthyeatinghabits.C.Changingyoureatinghabitswillchangeyourlife.D.Onekindoffooddoesn’tnecessarilysuiteveryone.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章用中国人喜欢嗑瓜子和丹麦人喜欢吃面包配咸红鱼来证明饮食习惯来自特定的文化。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Myfrienddoesn’tlikesunflowerseeds,and,tohim,itseemsunnecessarytoworksomuchjusttogetonesmallseed.(我的朋友不喜欢葵花籽，对他来说，似乎没有必要为了得到一颗小种子而付出那么多的努力)”可知，作者的外国朋友认为葵花子不值得吃，所以当这位英国朋友发现中国人喜欢吃葵花籽时，他并不理解。故选C。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Someofthedishesweretobeofferedtoourancestorslater,whileotherswereforneighborsandchildrentoeatbeforetheeveningfeast.Imusthavelearnedhowtocracksunflowerseedsbackthen.(其中一些菜是稍后提供给我们的祖先的，而其他的则是供邻居和孩子们在晚宴前吃的。那时我一定已经学会了如何破嗑葵花籽)”可知，春节的时候桌子上会摆放很多美食，其中就有瓜子，小孩在可以在年夜饭前吃，作者就是在那时学会了嗑瓜子。由此可知，作者提到春节是为了证明嗑瓜子和春节有关。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句话“Ithinkit’sawonderfultradition.(我认为这是一个很好的传统)”可知，作者对丹麦吃面包的方式认为是可以理解的。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Theythinkit’sadelicacy,andit’sconnectedtotheircertainculture.(他们认为这样吃面包是美味的，这和他们的特定的文化有关，正如作者喜欢嗑瓜子和春节文化有关)”可知，作者想在这篇文章中表达的观点是，饮食习惯来自特定的文化.故选A。CAnartificialintelligence(AI)softwarehasbeendevelopedthatcaninterprethard-to-readtextsoncuneiformtablets.ItwascreatedbyateamfromMartinLutherUniversityHalle-Wittenberg(MLU),JohannesGutenbergUniversityMainz,andMainzUniversityofAppliedSciences.Unlikepreviousmethodsthatreliedonphotographs,theresearchersused

3Dmodels

ofnearly2,000cuneiformtablets—about50ofwhichwerefromacollectionatMLU—achievingsignificantly

morereliable

results.AccordingtoHubertMara,anassistantprofessoratMLU,approximatelyonemillioncuneiformtabletsstillexistworldwide,butmanyareheavilyweatheredandthereforedifficulttodecipher.HislabproposedtheideaofdevelopinganAIsystembasedon3Dmodels.Thisnewsysteminterpretscharactersmoreeffectivelythanearlierapproaches.Inprinciple,theAIoperatessimilarlytoOpticalCharacterRecognition(OCR)software,whichconvertsimagesofwritingintomachine-readabletext.“OCRtypicallyusesphotographs,whichworkswellforinkonpaper.However,withcuneiformtablets,it'smorechallengingbecauselightingconditionsgreatlyaffecthowwellcertaincharacterscanbeidentified,”explainsErnstStötzerfromMLU.TheteamtrainedthenewAIsoftware,whichsuccessfullyrecognizedthesymbolsonthetablets.“Weweresurprisedthatoursystemperformedsowell,evenonheavilyweatheredtablets,”saysStötzer.Theresearchers’workrepresentsamajorstepforwardinthestudyofancientwritingsystemsandopensupmanynewavenuesforscientificexploration.Currently,thesoftwarecantranslatesymbolsfromtwolanguages,butthereareatotaloftwelveknowncuneiformlanguages.Inthefuture,thesoftwarecouldalsohelpdecipherotherweatheredinscriptions,which,likecuneiform,arethree-dimensional.8.WhatisthepurposeofthenewAIsystem?A.Tocreate3Dmodelsfordamagedcuneiformtablets.B.Todiscovercuneiformtabletsallovertheworld.C.Toreadsymbolsoncuneiformtablets.D.Todatedifferentcuneiformtablets.9.WhatmakesthenewAIsystemdifferentfrompreviousmethods?A.Itisbasedon3Dmodels.B.ItusesasetofOCRsoftware.C.Itcanrecognizecomputertexts.D.Itincludestwelvecuneiformlanguages.10.WhatimpressedStötzerduringtheresearch?A.Thelonghistoryofcuneiformtablets.B.TheeffectivenessofthenewAIsystem.C.Theinfluenceofancientwritingsystems.D.Thedifficultyofprotectingweatheredinscriptions.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthenewAIsystem?A.Indifferent. B.Objective.C.Curious. D.Positive.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的AI系统，其通过3D模型解读风化楔形文字，比传统照片方法更可靠，已成功识别两种语言符号，未来有望应用于更多古代文字研究。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Anartificialintelligence(AI)softwarehasbeendevelopedthatcaninterprethard-to-readtextsoncuneiformtablets.(一种人工智能（AI）软件已经研发完成，能够解读楔形文字石板上难以辨认的文字内容)”可知，新的AI系统的目的是为了解读楔形文字碑上的符号。故选C。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Unlikepreviousmethodsthatreliedonphotographs,theresearchersused3Dmodelsofnearly2,000cuneiformtablets—about50ofwhichwerefromacollectionatMLU—achievingsignificantlymorereliableresults.(与以往依赖照片的方法不同，研究人员使用了近2000块楔形文字石板的3D模型——其中约50块来自哈勒大学的藏品——从而获得了更为可靠的结果)”可知，新的系统与之前的方法不同之处在于它基于3D模型创建。故选A。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段““Weweresurprisedthatoursystemperformedsowell,evenonheavilyweatheredtablets,”saysStötzer.(“我们很惊讶我们的系统表现得如此出色，即使是在严重风化的石板上也是如此，”Stötzer说道)”可知，Stötzer印象深刻的是新的人工智能系统表现性能的优越，即，系统的有效性。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Currently,thesoftwarecantranslatesymbolsfromtwolanguages,butthereareatotaloftwelveknowncuneiformlanguages.Inthefuture,thesoftwarecouldalsohelpdecipherotherweatheredinscriptions,which,likecuneiform,arethree-dimensional.(目前，该软件能够将两种语言的符号进行转换，但已知的楔形文字语言共有十二种。未来，该软件还能够帮助解读其他因风化而受损的铭文，这些铭文与楔形文字一样，也是三维的)”可知，作者认为未来该软件还能够帮助解读其他因风化而受损的铭文，所以，对该系统持有积极的态度。故选D。DWeallrememberthatfirstcryatthemovies.Whethertearsofjoyorsadness,it’sremarkablehowmovingimagesonascreencancommandouremotions.Infact,suchmomentsareoftencarefullyplanned.Butwhataboutthoseheart-breakingstoriesmadeforchildren?Theydon’tseemtosugarcoattheharshrealitiesoftheworld.Actually,manygreatchildren’sfilmsfilledwithtragedyarepurposefullydesignedtoevokestrongfeelings.AccordingtoAristotle,tragedyhelpsusconfrontlife’sunsolvabledilemmasthroughthoughtfulreflection.Therefore,thepresenceoftragedyinkids’moviesservestoteachthemhowtohandle,understand,andultimatelyhealfrompain.Oneofthehardestlessonsforachildislearningtodealwithloss,especiallywhenit’ssudden.Theclassiccartoon

TheLionKing

tellsthestoryofSimba,whoexperiencestheprofoundlossofhisfather.ChildrenseethemselvesinSimba—acharacterwithdreams,adesiretogrow,andalongingtobepartofabiggerworld.Yet,witnessinghislossistrulyheartbreaking.Why,then,isafilmthatbringschildrentotearssobeloved?Thelessonitimpartsisaboutovercomingsufferingandmovingforward.

HakunaMatata!

Yes,thisphrasefrom

TheLionKing

teacheschildrenthatit’sokaytomoveonfromtragiclossandnotletitdefinethem.It’sacruciallessonlearnedataveryyoungage.Sadnessshouldnotbeignored;it’simportanttofeelit,whichiswhythesefilmsaresopowerful.In

Dumbo,

Charlotte’sWeb,and

BridgetoTerabithia,welosebelovedcharacters.Thisdeeplyupsetsyoungviewers,butitalsoteachesthemtoacceptsadnessandcreatesomethingnewfromit.So,whatisthecoremessagebehindasadchildren’smovie?Itaimstoteachtheaudience,especiallychildren,howtogainindependenceandfreethemselvesfromthegripoftragedy.Thesestoriesactasacushion,separatingfictionfromreality.Theyhelpchildrennavigatesadfeelingswhentheyariseinreallife,oratleastfindreliefbyembracingthespiritof

HakunaMatata.12.Whydoestheauthormention“firstcry”inparagraph1?A.Topromoteamovie.B.Toexplainthereason.C.Tosupportanargument.D.Tointroducethetopic.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“HakunaMatata”inparagraph3mean?A.Definingsadnessasatreatment.B.Challengingoneselfwithtragiclosses.C.Searchingforknowledgetoenrichlife.D.Headingforwardwithoutbeingtrapped.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Sadkids’movieshelpchildrentoescapefromreality.B.Sadkids’moviespreparechildrenforlifestruggles.C.Childrencanlearntoignoresadnessintragedy.D.Childrencanfindawaytohidesadfeelings.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyAreGreatKids’MoviesSoSad?B.WhatIsthePowerofGreatKids’Movies?C.Life’sHardestLesson:HowMoviesEncourageUs?D.MovingBeyondReality:WhatKids’MoviesTeachUs?【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍儿童电影中包含悲伤情节的原因，以及这些情节如何帮助儿童理解、应对痛苦，学会从悲剧中前行。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Weallrememberthatfirstcryatthemovies.Whethertearsofjoyorsadness,it’sremarkablehowmovingimagesonascreencancommandouremotions.Infact,suchmomentsareoftencarefullyplanned.Butwhataboutthoseheart-breakingstoriesmadeforchildren?Theydon’tseemtosugarcoattheharshrealitiesoftheworld.(我们都记得在电影院第一次落泪的场景。无论是喜悦还是悲伤的泪水，屏幕上的动人画面能掌控我们的情绪，这很值得注意。事实上，这样的时刻往往是精心设计的。但那些为儿童制作的令人心碎的故事呢？它们似乎并没有粉饰世界的残酷现实。)”可知，作者提及“第一次落泪”是为了从大众对电影情感共鸣的普遍体验切入，进而引出本文核心话题——儿童电影中的悲伤情节。故选D项。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Thelessonitimpartsisaboutovercomingsufferingandmovingforward.HakunaMatata!Yes,thisphrasefromTheLionKingteacheschildrenthatit’sokaytomoveonfromtragiclossandnotletitdefinethem.(它所传递的道理是克服苦难、继续前行。HakunaMatata！没错，这个来自《狮子王》的短语告诉孩子们，从悲惨的失去中走出来是没问题的，不要让失去定义自己。)”可知，画线短语前提到它所传递的道理，画线短语后提到，这个道理就是《狮子王》告诉孩子们的道理，由此可推断，“HakunaMatata”的含义与“克服苦难、继续前行，不被悲剧困住”一致。故选D项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Theyhelpchildrennavigatesadfeelingswhentheyariseinreallife,oratleastfindreliefbyembracingthespiritofHakunaMatata.(它们帮助孩子们在现实生活中出现悲伤情绪时应对这些情绪，或者至少通过接纳‘HakunaMatata’的精神获得慰藉。)”可知，悲伤的儿童电影能帮助儿童为现实生活中的困境和情感挑战做好准备。故选B项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“So,whatisthecoremessagebehindasadchildren’smovie?Itaimstoteachtheaudience,especiallychildren,howtogainindependenceandfreethemselvesfromthegripoftragedy.(那么，悲伤的儿童电影背后的核心信息是什么？它旨在教会观众，尤其是儿童，如何获得独立，从悲剧的束缚中解脱出来。)”可知，文章围绕儿童电影中的悲伤情节展开，重点阐述其教会儿童超越悲剧、应对现实情感的意义，D项“超越现实：儿童电影教会我们什么？”最能概括全文主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beforeheadingouttoalargeevent,it’scrucialtobeawareofthedangersofacrowdcrush.Thoughrare,suchincidentscanbedeadlywhentheyoccur.

Inthepast,theseeventshavecausedsevereinjuriesandevenfatalities.

Toavoidsuchrisks,it’sbesttorecognizeandescapeapotentialcrush(挤压)beforeithappens.First,it’swisetopreparebeforeyougo.

Lookingupamapofthevenuewillgiveyouasenseofthesurroundings.____16____

Payspecialattentiontoallpossibleexits.

Onceyouarrive,choosingtherightspotiscrucial.Avoidthemiddleortheveryfront;instead,positionyourselfatthebackoraroundtheedgesofthecrowd.It’salsoimportanttotrustyourinstincts.Stayawareandnoticeifyoustarttofeeltightlypacked.Themorecrowdedtheeventbecomes,thesooneryoumayneedtomovetoasaferarea.Ifyoudoendupinacrush,here’showtostaysafe.Themostimportantthingistostayonyourfeet.Todothis,spreadyourfeetapartandbendyourkneesslightly.

____17____Tryingtomoveagainstamassofpeoplewillonlyleadtodisaster.Ifyouaresodenselypackedthatyoucannotmove,youshouldtrytoprotectyourlungs.____18____Commoncauseofdeathinacrowdcrushisn’tjustbeingtrampled,butsuffocationfromthepressureonthechestanddiaphragm.So,holdyourarmsoutinfrontofyourchesttocreatesomespacebetweenyouandthepersoninfront.

____19____

Helpingothersisanothervitalwaytokeepeveryonesafe.____20____

Soifyourneighborinthecrowdfalls,doyourbesttohelpthemupimmediately.Thereisusuallyfunwherethecrowdsare,soenjoyyourself.Butremembertostayalert!A.First,it’swisetoprepareyourselfbeforeyougo.B.Also,makesuretomovewiththeflowofthecrowd.C.Andkeepyourheaduptoensureasteadysupplyofoxygen.D.Inthiscase,youcanbeinasafespottoavoidbeingcrushed.E.Beforeattendingacrowdedevent,lookupamapoftheplace.F.Onceonepersonfallsdown,morepeopletendtofalloverthem.G.Crowdcrushescanhappenwhenpeoplearepackedtightlyandbegintofallover.【答案】16.D17.B18.G19.C20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在参加大型活动前如何避免陷入人群挤压的危险，以及在发生挤压时如何保证自身安全。【16题详析】根据上文“Lookingupamapofthevenuewillgiveyouasenseofthesurroundings.(查看场地地图会让你对周围环境有所了解)”以及下文“Payspecialattentiontoallpossibleexits.(特别注意所有可能的出口)”可知，上文说要了解周围环境，下文说要注意出口位置，D选项“Inthiscase,youcanbeinasafespottoavoidbeingcrushed.(这样一来，你就能处于安全位置，避免被挤压)”承接上文“查看地图了解环境”的做法，说明该做法的目的是找到安全位置，同时为下文“关注出口”做铺垫，逻辑连贯。故选D项。【17题详析】根据上文“Ifyoudoendupinacrush,here’showtostaysafe.Themostimportantthingistostayonyourfeet.Todothis,spreadyourfeetapartandbendyourkneesslightly.(如果真的陷入挤压，以下是保持安全的方法。最重要的是保持站立。要做到这一点，双脚分开，膝盖微微弯曲)”可知，上文给出了陷入人群挤压后要保持站立的建议，B选项“Also,makesuretomovewiththeflowofthecrowd.(此外，一定要顺着人群的流向移动)”是对“陷入挤压后自保”的补充建议，“Also”体现建议的递进，“movewiththeflowofthecrowd”是避免危险的重要举措，与上文“保持站立”的技巧形成并列。故选B项。【18题详析】根据上文“Ifyouaresodenselypackedthatyoucannotmove,youshouldtrytoprotectyourlungs.(如果拥挤到无法移动，你应该努力保护自己的肺部)”以及下文“Commoncauseofdeathinacrowdcrushisn’tjustbeingtrampled,butsuffocationfromthepressureonthechestanddiaphragm.(人群挤压中常见的死亡原因不仅是被踩踏，还有胸部和横膈膜受压导致的窒息)”可知，上文说发生挤压时要保护肺部，下文说肺部受压是导致死亡的常见原因，G选项“Crowdcrushescanhappenwhenpeoplearepackedtightlyandbegintofallover.(当人们被紧紧挤压并开始摔倒时，就可能发生人群踩踏)”解释了人群挤压的成因，为下文“窒息是死亡原因”做背景铺垫，同时承接上文“陷入拥挤无法移动”的场景，说明该场景下的危险源头。故选G项。【19题详析】根据上文“So,holdyourarmsoutinfrontofyourchesttocreatesomespacebetweenyouandthepersoninfront.(所以，把胳膊伸到胸前，在你和前面的人之间留出一些空间)”可知，上文提出“伸胳膊留空间”的保护肺部方法，C选项“Andkeepyourheaduptoensureasteadysupplyofoxygen.(并且保持抬头，以确保氧气的稳定供应)”继续补充“抬头保氧气”的技巧，与上文形成递进关系，衔接自然。故选C项。【20题详析】根据上文“Helpingothersisanothervitalwaytokeepeveryonesafe.(帮助他人是保障所有人安全的另一个重要方式)”以及下文“Soifyourneighborinthecrowdfalls,doyourbesttohelpthemupimmediately.(所以如果人群中你旁边的人摔倒了，尽最大努力立即帮他们站起来)”可知，本段是在讲发生人群挤压时要尽力帮助他人站起来，以免造成更严重的后果，F选项“Onceonepersonfallsdown,morepeopletendtofalloverthem.(一旦有人摔倒，更多人往往会被他们绊倒)”是对“帮助他人重要性”的原因解释，说明为何要帮助摔倒的人，与下文“立即扶起摔倒的人”形成因果逻辑，衔接紧密。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。Nooneisbornawinner.Peoplemakethemselvesintowinnersthroughtheirownefforts.Ilearnedthislessonfroma____21____manyyearsagowhenIacceptedthehead____22____jobataschoolinGeorgia.Itwasatraditionfortheschool’soldteamto____23____thenewteamattheendofspringpractice.Theoldteamhadno____24____anddidn’tevenprepareforthegame.Asthecoachofthenewteam,Iwasexcitedandconfidentofvictory,buttomydisappointment,weweredefeated.Icouldn’t____25____howIhadendedupinsuchasituation.Thinkinghardaboutit,Icameto____26____thatmyteammightnothavebeenthebest,buttheywere____27____me.Ihadtochangemyattitudeabouttheirabilityandpotential.IstarteddoingeverythingIcouldtohelpthembuildalittle____28____.Mostimportantly,Ibegantotreatthemlike____29____.Thatsummer,whileotherteamswereenjoyingtheirvacations,wemeteverydayandpracticedhard.Sixmonthsafterourdefeat,wewonourfirstgame,thenoursecond,andcontinuedto____30____.Finally,wefacedthenumberoneteaminthestate.Ifeltitwouldstillbea____31____forusevenifwelostthegame.Butmyboysbeatthem,givingmeoneofthegreatest____32____ofmylife!Fromthisexperience,Ilearnedhowmuchtheattitudeofaleadercan____33____theteam.Insteadofseeingmyplayersaslosers,Ipushedand____34____them.Ihelpedthemseethemselves____35____,andtheybuiltthemselvesintowinners.Winnersaremade,notborn.21.A.experiment B.experience C.adventure D.vacation22.A.operating B.editing C.consulting D.coaching23.A.playagainst B.workwith C.answerfor D.standfor24.A.player B.coach C.supporter D.judge25.A.agree B.believe C.describe D.regret26.A.realize B.claim C.permit D.demand27.A.worryingabout B.reachingfor C.dependingon D.risingto28.A.relationship B.culture C.fortune D.pride29.A.leaders B.partners C.winners D.learners30.A.relax B.improve C.expand D.defend31.A.shame B.burden C.victory D.favor32.A.thrills B.chances C.concerns D.offers33.A.impact B.serve C.interest D.press34.A.caught B.protected C.punished D.inspired35.A.horribly B.individually C.calmly D.differently【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.B25.B26.A27.C28.D29.C30.B31.C32.A33.A34.D35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者担任乔治亚州一所学校新球队教练的经历，并从中领悟到“胜者并非天生，而是通过自身努力造就”的道理。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年前，我在乔治亚州一所学校接受总教练职位时，从一次经历中学到了这个道理。A.experiment实验；B.experience经历；C.adventure冒险；D.vacation假期。根据后文描述的作者担任教练、球队比赛惨败及后续逆袭的故事可知，这是一次“经历”。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.operating操作；B.editing编辑；C.consulting咨询；D.coaching指导、训练（球队）。根据后文“Asthecoachofthenewteam”可知，作者接受了“总教练”的工作。故选D项。【23题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：春季训练结束时，学校老球队与新球队比赛是一项传统。A.playagainst与……比赛；B.workwith与……共事；C.answerfor对……负责；D.standfor代表。根据后文“thenewteamattheendofspringpractice”以及“didn’tevenprepareforthegame”可知，此处指老球队与新球队“比赛”。故选A项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老队没有教练，甚至没有为比赛做准备。A.player运动员；B.coach教练；C.supporter支持者；D.judge裁判。根据后文“didn’tevenprepareforthegame”以及“Asthecoachofthenewteam”可知，老队没有“教练”。故选B项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法相信自己竟然陷入了这样的境地。A.agree同意；B.believe相信；C.describe描述；D.regret后悔。根据上文“Iwasexcitedandconfidentofvictory,buttomydisappointment,weweredefeated.”可知，作者原本信心满满，结果却输了，所以不敢“相信”会有这样的结果。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：仔细思考后，我意识到我的团队可能不是最好的，但他们依赖我。A.realize意识到；B.claim声称；C.permit允许；D.demand要求。根据前文“Thinkinghardaboutit”可知，作者仔细思考后“意识到”问题所在。故选A项。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A.worryingabout担心；B.reachingfor伸手去拿；C.dependingon依赖；D.risingto上升到。根据后文“Ihadtochangemyattitudeabouttheirabilityandpotential.”可知，作者意识到团队“依赖”自己，所以需要改变对他们的能力和潜力的看法。故选C项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始尽我所能帮助他们建立一点自豪感。A.relationship关系；B.culture文化；C.fortune运气；D.pride自豪感。根据后文“Mostimportantly,Ibegantotreatthemlike”以及“wewonourfirstgame,thenoursecond”可知，此处指作者想帮队员建立“自豪感”。故选D项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我开始把他们当作胜者对待。A.leaders领导者；B.partners伙伴；C.winners赢家，胜者；D.learners学习者。根据后文“wewonourfirstgame,thenoursecond”以及“theybuiltthemselvesintowinners”可知，作者将队员视为“胜者，赢家”。故选C项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：失利六个月后，我们赢得了第一场比赛，然后是第二场，并继续进步。A.relax放松；B.improve提高，进步；C.expand扩大；D.defend防御。根据前文“wewonourfirstgame,thenoursecond”可知，球队一直在“提高，进步”。故选B项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得即使我们输了这场比赛，对我们来说也是一场胜利。A.shame羞耻；B.burden负担；C.victory胜利；D.favor偏爱。根据前文“wefacedthenumberoneteaminthestate”可知，作者觉得面对州内排名第一的球队，即使输了比赛，对他们来说也仍然是“胜利”，因为他们在进步。故选C项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我的队员们击败了他们，给了我一生中最激动人心的时刻之一！A.thrills激动；B.chances机会；C.concerns关心；D.offers提供。根据前文“Butmyboysbeatthem”可知，孩子们打败了强队，所以作者感到非常“激动”。故选A项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从这次经历中，我明白了领导者的态度对团队的影响有多大。A.impact影响；B.serve服务；C.interest兴趣；D.press按压。根据后文“Insteadofseeingmyplayersaslosers,Ipushedand”以及“theybuiltthemselvesintowinners”可知，作者明白了领导者的态度对团队的“影响”。故选A项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有把我的队员看作失败者，而是推动并激励他们。A.caught抓住；B.protected保护；C.punished惩罚；D.inspired激励，鼓励。根据前文“Insteadofseeingmyplayersaslosers”和“Ipushedand”以及后文“theybuiltthemselvesintowinners”可知，作者没有把队员看作失败者，而是“激励”他们。故选D项。【35题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我帮助他们以不同的眼光看待自己，他们把自己打造成了胜者。A.horribly可怕地；B.individually个别地；C.calmly冷静地；D.differently不同地。根据前文“Insteadofseeingmyplayersaslosers”以及后文“theybuiltthemselvesintowinners”可知，作者将队员视为胜者，改变了对他们的看法，所以队员们也“不同地”看待自己。故选D项。第四部分基础知识部分和写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共二项，满分20分)一、根据句意并结合首字母或汉语提示写单词(共10小题；每题1分，共10分)36.IwishIcould_____________(灵活)makemyownchoicesaboutwhattodoinmysparetime.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】flexibly【详析】考查形容词。句意：我希望我能灵活做出我自己的关于在业余时间做什么的选择。结合句子结构和汉语提示，副词flexibly“灵活地”符合题意，作状语修饰动词make。故填flexibly。37.Afterherg________fromBeijingUniversity,Amytookupajobasateacherinpoormountainousareas.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】graduation【详析】考查名词。句意：艾米从北京大学毕业后，在贫困山区当了一名教师。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填名词graduation，作宾语，不可数。故填graduation。38.Theteacher’squestionfailedtogetar________(回复)fromanyofthestudents.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】response【详析】考查名词。句意：老师的问题没有一个学生回答。空格处用名词作宾语，由首字母提示r可知，“回复”的名词是response，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填response。39.Theseniorhighschoolstudentwastoonervoustogiveadetailed________

(描述)

ofwhathadhappenedtohim.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】account/description【详析】考查名词。句意：这位高中生过于紧张，以至于无法详细描述发生在他身上的事情。空处作give的宾语，表示“描述”用名词account或description。故填account/description。40.Judgingbyhisletter,thewaiterwasthankfultoyouforyourg________.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】generosity【详析】考查名词。句意：从他的信来看，那位服务员很感谢你的慷慨。根据首字母提示、介词for以及“wasthankfultoyou”可知，此空应是表示“慷慨，大方”的名词，作宾语。generosity符合语境，且是不可数名词。故填generosity。41.Theadvertisementist________attheyoung,anditisagreatsuccess.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】targeted【详析】考查形容词。句意：这个广告是针对年轻人的，并且非常成功。以字母t开头且表示“针对”的含义用动词过去分词转化的形容词targeted作表语，betargetedat表示“针对……的目标群体”。故填targeted。42.Mostmedicinesareap________dangertochildren,sotheyarecontainedinbottleswithsafetycaps.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】potential【详析】考查形容词。句意：大多数药物对儿童有潜在的危险，所以它们被装在有安全盖的瓶子里。根据句意及首字母可知，此处使用形容词potential，修饰名词danger，作定语。故填potential。二、单句语法填空(共10小题；每题1分，共10分)43.Newrules________(concern)studyingabroadhavebeenannouncedrecently.

(所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】concerning【详析】考查介词。句意：最近，有关出国留学的新规定已经公布。空格处需填介词连接名词短语“studyingabroad”，修饰前面的“Newrules”；所给词concern的介词形式为concerning，意为“关于、涉及”，可直接接名词或名词短语，或者动名词，符合语境。故填concerning。44.Theemergencyfundwastypicallyusedforsituationssuchasthetime________Christinebrokeherarmandneededtoseeadoctor.(用适当的词填空)

【答案】when【详析】考查