山西省大同市2025-2026学年高一上学期10月夯基考试题英语

2025~2026学年高一10月夯基考英语考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthewomando?A.Shefoundhertestpaper.B.Shechangedthenumbers.C.Shetooknotesintheclass.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Adancer.B.Amusical.C.Afestival.3.WhydidAmeliabuyanewjacket?A.Foratrip.B.Foracoach.C.Forapresent.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inaclothesstore.C.Inafitnesscenter.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanshouldwearatie.B.Themanforgottodohishair.C.Theman’sclothesdon’tmatch.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdidMs.Jenningsgivetothemanattheofficeparty?A.Twotickets.B.Aninvitation.C.Amembershipcard.7.WhatwillMarydotonight?A.Holdaparty.B.Goshopping.C.Attendaconcert.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthemando?A.Ahost.B.Adoctor.C.Ateacher.9.WhatdoesSusanmainlyexploreinherstudy?A.Caraccidents.B.Sicknessandhealth.C.Children’ssafetyathome.10.WhichhappensmostathomeaccordingtoSusan?A.Brokenbones.B.Burns.C.Cuts.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whydoesthewomanetotheman?A.Toaskaboutherlostpet.B.Togetsomeinformation.C.Tofeedanimalsinazoo.12.Whichofthefollowingdoesthewomansoundinterestedin?A.Cats.B.Ants.C.Dogs.13.Whatisthewomanlikelytodo?A.Buysomeants.B.Sellpetsonline.C.Makeaglassbox.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.WhoisprobablyAnn?A.Mr.Jones’boss.B.Mr.Jones’secretary.C.Mr.Jones’customer.15.WhenwillMr.Joneshaveameetingtoday?A.At9:30am.B.At11:30am.C.At5:00pm.16.WhowantstohaveatalkwithMr.JonesonThursday?A.Mike.B.Mr.Black.C.Ms.Smith.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatdidAlanTuringstudyatKing’sCollege?A.puters.B.Mathematics.C.Engineering.18.AtwhatagedidAlanTuringgethisPhDatPrincetonUniversity?A.24.B.23.C.19.19.WhatwasthepurposeoftheTuringTest?A.Tospreadmorecreativeideasonline.B.Toimprovethewaywemunicate.C.Totestifputersworklikeaperson.20.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Torememberafriend.B.Tointroduceascientist.C.Toshareanewopinion.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWheretoEatinRomeLikeaLocalInRome,travelersofteneatatpopularrestaurantsthatofferEnglishmenus.Butifyouwanttoexperiencetherealtasteofthecity,followthelocalsandfindgreatfoodinquietercorners.SantoPalatoSinceopeningin2017,SantoPalatohasbeenknownforbothclassicRomandishesandcreativenewones.InMarch,itmovedfromasmallplaceinSanGiovannitoabiggeroneinPortaMetronia,withamoderndesignthatincludesbrightorangewallsandaglasswalledkitchen.Despiteitsnewlook,theeasy,oldschoolfeelisstillthere,withwoodenchairsandfortabletables.RetrobotegaWithitsopenkitchen,it’soneofthemostexcitingdiningplacesinthecity.Themenuincludesbothclassicdishesandcreativeones.Withover90wines(葡萄酒)availablebytheglass,it’sagreatplaceforwinelovers.Foramorerelaxedexperience,headtoretrovino,therestaurant’swinebar.EnotecaL’AntidotoHiddeninaquietstreetinTastevere,thissmallwinebaroffersjust16seats.Inside,guestsenjoyarelaxedatmosphere(氛围)withsoftmusic.Theyoungchef,MirkoPelosi,createsamenuofsmall,creativeplatesinspiredbyItalianandotherdishes.Thewinelistfocusesonnaturalwines.Anddon’tmissthesmokedfish,whichpairsperfectlywiththewines.FischioNexttoanoldfunfair,FischioisalaidbackbarwhichservessomeofthebestcoffeeinRome.It’safavoriteplaceforlocals,offeringamixofacaféandaneighborhoodhangout.Spendtheafternoonoveracupofcoffee.It’sagreatplacetounwindandenjoytheRomanlife.1.WhatisspecialaboutSantosPalato?A.Itmovesrepeatedly. B.Ithasanoldschoolstyle.CItiscrowdedinMarch. D.Itserveshardtofindwines.2.WhataretouristsadvisedtodoatEnotecaL’Antidoto?A.Watchamusicshow. B.Buythefreshseafood.C.Trythesmokedfish. D.Picksomelocalgrapes.3.WherewillyougoifyouwanttotastegreatcoffeeinRome?A.Fischio. B.SantosPalato. C.retrobotega. D.EnotecaL’Antidoto.【答案】1.B2.C3.ABYashPatelwasfluentinfourlanguages:English,Hindi,Gujarat,andAmericanSignLanguage.However,hebelievedafifthshouldbeaddedtothelist:accounting(会计).“Accountingisthelanguageofbusiness,”Patelsaid.“Ifyouwanttodobusiness,youneedtoknowthatlanguage,orworkwithsomeonewhodoes.”PatelisabouttograduatefromtheUniversityofSouthFlorida(USF)withadegreeinaccounting.Hisjourneyintoaccountingbegannearlytenyearsagowhenhefirstrecognizedtheimportanceofunderstandingaccounting.Patel’sgrandmotherownstheDianaMotelinClearwater.In2015,strugglingtomakesenseofhertaxforms,sheturnedtoPatelforhelp.“Ididn’tunderstandit,either,”herecalled.“Myfamilyownsabusiness,soIfiguredIshouldlearnaboutaccounting.”HethengotadegreeinaccountingfromSt.PetersburgCollege.In2023hemanagedtostudyaccountsatUSF.TopayforhislivingcostsatUSF,Patelstartedhisownbusiness.Usingasmallbusinessloan(贷款),heboughtfivesecondhandvendingmachines.Heplacedtwoinaprivateschoolandthreeinmotels,oneofwhichwasownedbyhisfamily.AfterhisfirstyearatUSF,hesoldthebusinessbecausehedidn’thaveenoughtimetomanageit.Soonafter,PateljoinedBetaAlphaPsi,aprofessionalorganizationforfinancialstudents,whichhelpedhimlandinternships(实习).HerememberedhisfirstcareerfairatUSF,whereheshowedupinjeansandtrainers.“Thepaniesdidn’ttalktomebecauseIdidn’tlookprofessional,”hesaid.WiththehelpofBetaAlphaPsi,Patellearnedhowtodressandpresenthimself,whichledtointernshipsatCherryBekaertandDeloitte.Lookingahead,PatelplanstopleteaMaster’sdegreeinaccountingatUSFandworkinpublicaccounting.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutPatelfromthefirstparagraph?A.Hehasarealfeelforlanguages. B.Hecanspeakfivelanguages.C.HeworksasatranslatorinIndia. D.HeteachesaccountingatUSF.5.WhatmadePateldecidetostudyaccountingatfirst?A.Hisinterestinbanking. B.Hisfamily’sbusiness.C.Hiswishtorunahotel. D.Hisparents’expectations.6WhydidPatelstarthisownbusiness?A.Torepayhisstudentloan. B.Tosendmoneytohisgrandma.CTosupporthimselfatcollege. D.Toapplywhathelearnedtolife.7.HowdidBetaAlphaPsiaffectPatel?A.HegotaMaster’sdegree. B.Hesetupanationalorganization.C.Hefoundawellpaidjob. D.Hegavemorethoughttohislooks.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.DCMakingexercisefunisachallengeformanypeoplewhostruggletofindthemotivation(动机)toworkout.Butratherthanforcingyourselftoenjoyrunningorthatgymclassyouonceattended,thesolutionmaylieinsomethingmorestraightforward—simplychoosingexercisesthatfityourpersonality,accordingtoarecentstudypublishedinthejournalFrontiersinPsychology.Toreachtheirfindings,thestudy’scoleadauthor,FlaminiaRonca,aprofessorinexercisescienceatUniversityCollegeLondon,andhercoworkersfirstdirectedthe132subjects,agedbetween25and51yearsold,topleteaquestionnaireshowingtheirpersonalitytypes.Thestudytookamonlyusedmodelthatdescribessomeone’spersonality,namelyoutgoingpeople,quietworriers,kindhelpers,curiousexplorers,andcarefulplanners.Theresearchersthenranfitnesstestsonthesubjectsandputthemintotwogroups.Onegroupwasgivenaneightweekbikingplan,whilethecontrolgroupdid10minutesaweekofstretching(伸展)exercises.Ofthe132subjects,86pletedbothpreandposttestingeithersideoftheseeightweeks.Thestudyteamfoundthat,althoughfitnessimprovedacrossallpersonalitytypesforthosewhopletedthebikingandstretchingprograms,therewasamarkeddifferenceinenjoymentofexercise.Outgoingpeopleenjoyedthehigherintensity(强度)labfitnesstests,whilequietworriersenjoyedthehomebasedlightintensityworkouts.Thestudyalsoshowedhowexerciseaffectedpeople’sstresslevelsbasedontheirpersonality.Peoplewhoscoredhighinneuroticism,meaningtheyfeelmoreanxious,experiencedabiggerdropinstresslevelsparedwithothergroups.“Ithinkthat’squiteapowerfulmessagetogive,”Roncasaid.Consideringthemanybenefitsofexercise,shehopedtheirfindingswouldencouragepeopletofindformsofexercisetheyenjoy,makingiteasiertosticktoafitnessroutineandtoimprovetheirfitnessovertime.8.Inwhatwaywerethetwogroupsdifferentintermsofresearchdesign?A.Theirage. B.Theirhobby. C.Exercisetype. D.Healthcondition.9.Whatdidthestudyfindaboutpersonality?A.Itdrivespeopletoachievedreams. B.Itaffectstheenjoymentofexercise.C.Itshowssimilaritiesincertainways. D.Ithelpsuspletemoreexercises.10.WhatdoesRoncaintendtoexplaininthelastparagraph?A.Theapplicationofthefindings. B.Thebackgroundoftheexperiment.C.Thedirectionoffurtherresearch. D.Thearrangementfordailyexercise.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheInfluenceofExerciseonPersonality B.TheBenefitsoftheStretchingProgramC.GivingYouNewMotivationtoExercise D.MatchingWorkoutstoYourPersonality【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.DDManyparentshaveexperiencedmomentswhentheirchild’sbehaviormakesthemfeelannoyedandhelpless.However,newresearchsuggeststhatadifferentsolutionworksbetter.ArecentstudyfromKing’sCollegeLondonfoundthatresponding(回应)toachild’sbehaviorwithwarmthandpraisecannotonlyimprovetheirbehaviorbutalsochangehowtheirbrainworks.Theresearchshowsthatparentingprograms,whichfocusonpositive(积极的)behavior,canleadtorealchangesinbrainactivityinchildrenwithbehavioralproblems.Researchersstudied78boyswithbehavioralproblems,aged5to10.Theseboys,alongwithacontrolgroupof35otherchildren,pletedareward(奖励)learningtaskwhilehavingabrainscan.Atthebeginning,theboysshowedlessbrainactivityintheinsula,apartofthebrainresponsibleforexpectingrewards,paredtootherchildren.Thefamiliesoftheseboyswithbehavioralproblemsthenattendeda1012weekparentingprogramaimedatencouragingwarmparenting.Afterpletingtheprogram,theboysweretestedagain.Theresultswerestriking.Mostoftheboysshowedmorebrainactivityintheinsulaandotherareasresponsiblefordecisionmakingandlearning.Theywerecalled“improvers”.Thestudyalsofoundthattheparentingprogramchangedhowtheboyswithimprovedbehaviorlearnedfromtheirexperiences.Theywereabletomakebetterdecisionsandbecameslowertochangetheirexpectationsafteragoodorbadexperience.Theyalsobecamemorepracticalandmoreawareofthedifferencebetweenrewardsandpunishments.Thisresearchhighlightsthestronginfluenceofpositiveparentingonchildren’sbehaviorandbraindevelopment,showingthatwarmthandpatiencecancreatelongtermchangesinbothbehaviorandthebrain.12.Whatarethefamiliesoftheboyswithbehavioralproblemsaskedtodointhestudy?A.Performwarmparenting. B.Goforamedicalcheckup.C.Giverewardstoresearchers. D.Cleanupthelabeveryday.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“striking”inparagraph5mean?A.Endless. B.Different. C.Noticeable. D.Alarming.14.Whichisachangethathappenedtothe“improvers”?A.Theylearnedtoworkhardatschool. B.Theyleftabadimpressiononthescientists.C.Theymanagedtokeeptheirpromise. D.Theycouldmakewellconsideredchoices.15.Whatcanbeinferredaboutpositiveparentingaccordingtotheresearch?A.Itoffersahopefulmessagetodoctors. B.Itisachallengingtaskforeveryfamily.C.Itrequiresteacherstoactasarolemodel. D.Itproducesalastinginfluenceonchildren.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.D第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhenIfirstarrivedinBuenosAiresin2010,Icouldn’tevenorderfoodatarestaurantinSpanish.Buttwoyearslater,IwasexplainingRussiangrammartoafriendinSpanish.____16____.Ispentmanyhourspracticing,makingmistakes,andlearningthroughrealconversations.Herearesomeofmytipsthatmayhelpyoualongtheway.·Knowwhyyouwanttolearnanewlanguage.Doyouwanttoliveinanewcountry?Orperhapsyoujustwanttobeabletoorderfoodwhenyouvisitaforeigncountry?Theseareallgreatreasonstolearnanewlanguage.Withoutastrongreasonforyourlearning,youwillloseinterestandgiveup.____17____.·Setsimpleandmeasurablelearninggoals.Manypeoplestartbysaying,“IwanttobefluentinFrenchinsixmonths!”Theproblemis,whatisfluency?Readingandwriting?____18____.Forexample,youcouldaimtolearnhowtointroduceyourselfbytheendoftoday.·Talkasmuchaspossible.____19____.Talkingwithpeoplewhoarebetterthanyouatthelanguageismoreeffective(有效的)thananytextbook.Onehourofconversationisworthfivehoursinaclassroom.·____20____.Weusuallythinkinournativelanguage.Butyoucanchallengeyourselftothinkinthelanguageyou’relearning.Practiceformingsentencesandimaginehavingconversationsinyourhead.Thishelpsalotwhenyouactuallyspeaktosomeone.Forexample,youcanpictureyourselftalkingaboutatopicyoumightdiscusslater.A.Instead,it’sbettertosetachievablegoalsB.Itwasn’teasy,andtherewerenoshortcutsC.KeeppracticingthenewlanguageinyourheadD.It’sdifferentfromBritishEnglishinseveralwaysE.SoyoumusthaveaclearreasontolearnalanguageF.PicturewhatitwillbeliketolivealoneinanewcountryG.Thebestwaytolearnaforeignlanguageisthroughconversation【答案】16.B17.E18.A19.G20.C第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwaseagertoexplorenewsubjectsbeforehighschoolbegan.Butafterafewmonths,IfeltmorepressurethanIhad____21____.Everyweekthereweretests,homework,andgroupprojects.Ioftenfelt____22____andsometimescouldn’tsleepbeforeexams.Onenight,Isatatmydesk,lookingatmybooks,andwonderedifIcould____23____allofthis.Thenextday,Idecidedto____24____tomybestfriendabouthowIwasfeeling.Shetoldmethatshehad____25____thesamething.Shesuggestedthatinsteadofkeepingeverythingbottledup,Ishould____26____mytimebetterandreachoutforhelpwhenneeded.Her____27____gavemehope.Istartedcreatingadaily____28____:Inotonlysetasidetimeforstudying,butalsoforthingsI____29____,likelisteningtomusic,andplayingbasketball.____30____,thisnewplanworkedwell.Ibecamemore____31____duringstudytime,andtakingbreakshelpedmestayrelaxed.Ialsostartedaskingmyteachersquestionsafterclass,whichgavememore____32____.Overtime,Ifeltlessstressedandmoreincontrolofmy____33____.Lookingback,I’velearnedthatstressispartofschoollife.Whattruly____34____isknowinghowtolivewithit.Bystayingorganizedandaskingforhelp,Icanrisetothe____35____ofhighschoolwhilestillenjoyingit.21.A.handed B.understood C.expected D.forgotten22.A.nervous B.relaxed C.calm D.angry23.A.windup B.dealwith C.dependon D.lookfor24.A.see B.stick C.talk D.reply25.A.ignored B.questioned C.described D.experienced26.A.manage B.waste C.record D.accept27.A.class B.joke C.score D.advice28.A.diary B.meeting C.schedule D.promise29.A.checked B.enjoyed C.celebrated D.doubted30.A.Surprisingly B.Similarly C.Aimlessly D.Unluckily31.A.tired B.focused C.careless D.regretful32.A.favorites B.pressure C.excuses D.confidence33.A.secrets B.reports C.studies D.topics34.A.jumps B.matters C.praises D.sounds35.A.challenges B.giveaway C.beginners D.meanings【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.C25.D26.A27.D28.C29.B30.A31.B32.D33.C34.B35.A第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheTerracottaArmy—lifesizestatuesdiscoveredinthetombofQinShiHuang,theFirstEmperorofChina—isafamousimageofChineseculture,alongwiththeGreatWallandtheForbiddenCity.Youmighthaveseen____36____(they)inmuseums,books,oreveninrestaurants.Fromadistance,thestatuesmaylookverysimilar____37____oneanother.Butwhenyoulookclosely,youseethateachoneisdifferent.Theyhaveuniquefaces,hairstyles,____38____clothing.Withtheircarefullytiedknots(发髻)and____39____(impress)armor(盔甲),theyappeartoberealpeoplefromthousandsof____40____(year)ago,eachwithauniquepersonality.SomeearlyresearchersbelievedtheTerracottaArmywasstatuesoftheactualsoldiers____41____hadservedtheFirstEmperor.Thesefigureswerethoughttobecopiesofrealsoldiers,intended____42____(join)theemperorintheafterlife.ThediscoveryoftheTerracottaArmywasaccidental.In1974farmersdiggingawell____43____(find)severalstatues,leadingtothediscoveryoffourlargepitsfilledwiththesefigures.Threeofthepitscontainedbrokenpiecesofsoldiers,whilethefourthhadhorsesandchariots.Peoplewere____44____(confuse)aboutsuchasurprisingfind,asnothinglikeithadbeenrecordedinhistory,fanninggreat____45____(curious)amongarchaeologists(考古学家).【答案】36.them37.to38.and39.impressive40.years41.who##that42.tojoin43.found44.confused45.curiosity第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.你校英文报正面向高一新生征集稿件。请你以“TheFirstWeekatSeniorHighSchool”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.你的见闻；2.个人感想。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。TheFirstWeekatSeniorHighSchool______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:TheFirstWeekatSeniorHighSchoolThefirstweekatseniorhighschoolwasanunforgettableexperience.TheschoolcampuswasmuchlargerthanIexpectedandthereweresomanymorestudents.Onthefirstday,Ifeltabitnervousbutalsoexcitedtomeetnewclassmates.Theteacherswereallverykind,andtheyintroducedustothesubjectsinanengagingway.AtfirstIfounditalittlechallenging,withsomanynewroutinesandrulestofollow.Althoughtheworkloadseemsheavierthanbefore,I’meagertodivein.Filledwithbothexcitementandnervousness,Ilookforwardtogrowingandlearninginthisnewchapterofmylife.第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwasakid,Saturdaywasalwaysmyfavoritedayoftheweek.Thatday,Iwouldgototheparkwithmyfather.Wewouldwalkhandinhand,talkabouteverythingfromschooltofriends,andshareicecream.Itwasn’tjustabouttheactivities,though—itwasthetimewespenttogetherthatmeantthemosttome.ThoseSaturdaysmademefeelspecial,asifnothingelsematteredbutthemomentsweshared.However,astheyearswentby,myfatherspentmoreandmoreofhistimeonwork.Meetings,deadlines,andreportsfilledhisdays.Atfirst,hewouldsaysorryandpromisetomakeituptomethefollowingweekend.Butthen,ithappenedmoreandmoreoften—ourSaturdayoutingswerecanceled,andtheyfinallystoppedaltogether.Iremembersittingbythewindow,andwatchingtheclocktickby,hopinghewouldehomeontime,butmoreoftenthannot,hewaslateandtootiredtoevenspeak.We