中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试（TDA）2025年高三上期12月测试英语试卷（含答案）

标准学术能力诊断性测试2025年12月测试英语试卷本试卷共150分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AKnownforitsrainyweatherandasthebirthplaceofStarbucks,Seattleoffersfarmorethanthesewell-wornreputations.ThefollowingexperienceswillinviteyoutouncoverwhattrulydefinesSeattle.ShopatPikePlaceMarketSince1907,theflyingfishandstreetperformershaveinjectedPikePlaceMarketwithanenergeticatmospherethatrepresentsSeattle'scommunityspirit.You'llbrushshoulderswithchefspickingupseafoodfortheirrestaurants'dinnercrowd,andlocalentrepreneurssellingeverythingfromjewelrytopottery.ManylocalsaredeeplyengagedwithPikePlaceMarketandgenuinelyshopthere.TrySeattle'sfreshseafoodSeattle'scelebratedseafoodscenenodstotradition,likealder-smokedsalmonrootedinnativepractices,whilealsopushingboundariesaschefsblendlocalcatchwithglobalflavors.WhetheryourestattherusticcounteratPikePlaceChowder,enjoyingoystersatJamesBeard,ordiningwithaviewofLakeUnionandtheCascadeRangeatCanlis,onethingstaysconstant:thefreshness.LocaliconslikeDungenesscrab,geoduck,andblackcodremindyouyou'retrulyinPacificNorthwestwaters.TourSeattle'sundergroundBeneathPioneerSquare,Seattle'soldestneighborhoodandoriginaldowntown,liesahiddenlayerofstorefrontsandpassagewaysthatoncemadeupthecity'soriginalstreetlevel.“Itturnsoutthatbuildingatsealevelisabadidea.Thefiregavethecityplannersanopportunityforareset,”saysTerrilynJohnson,co-founderofBeneaththeStreets,whichofferswalkingtoursofSeattle'sunderground.She'sreferringtotheGreatFireof1889,whichdestroyed25blocks.Plannersrebuiltthecitybyraisingthestreets,leavingtheoldcityunderground.Throughguidedtours,youcanlearnaboutsomeoftheengineeringfeaturesthatwereadoptedduringtherebuild,suchasvaultlightsandhollowsidewalks.1.WhichofthefollowingholdstrueforPikePlaceMarket?A.Touristsaremorelikelytoshoptherethanlocals.B.Itismainlyaplaceforchefstobuyingredients.C.Localshaveastrongconnectionwiththemarket.D.Flyingfishandstreetperformersaretheonlythingsthatmakeitfamous.2.WhatdoestheauthoremphasizewhentalkingaboutSeattle'sseafood?A.Thevarietyofseafoodrestaurants.第1页共8页B.Theinfluenceofglobalflavorsonit.C.Thefreshnessoftheseafood.D.Thetraditionalcookingmethods.3.HowdidtheplannersdealwiththeoldcityaftertheGreatFireof1889?A.Theycompletelypulleddowntheoldcitytobuildanewone.B.Theylefttheoldcityundergroundandraisedthenewstreets.C.Theyturnedtheoldcityintoanundergroundmuseumfortours.D.Theyrepairedtheoldcityandcontinuedtouseitsstreetlevel.BThestorybeginsin2016,duringthelastsemesterofmyphilosophyundergraduate,whenIdecidedtobecomeawriterafterbeinginspiredbymodernandclassicworksIwasreading.Iearnedajournalismmaster'sfromNewYorkUniversity,workedatTorontoLifemagazineandfreelanced.IhadsomesuccessinterviewingtheformermayorJohnToryandreportingforTheNewYorkTimes.Butbehindthescenes,Iwasconstantlystressedandstrugglingtomakerent.Thenthingschanged.Thispastsummer,afriendinvitedmetocoachasmallgroupof11-year-oldvolleyballplayersfortheirupcomingclubseason.Ialwayslovedvolleyballbutpusheditasideforacademics,thinkingitcouldn'tbeacareer.Ijumpedattheopportunitytocoach.Everymorninginlatesummer,ImetthekidsinaparkinmidtownTorontoandtrainedthemonfundamentals:passing,settingandserving.Ihadgonefrominterviewingthemayortoplayingvolleyballinaparkwithkids.Howhaditcometothis?Overtheyears,laboringinjournalismhaddrainedmeofmyyouthfulspirit.Ihadstartedwritingbecauseitwasafreemeansofexpression,butthestressofmakingalivingthroughitwasendless.Iwantedtobeseriousandwell-respected,butitdefeatedthepurposeoffollowingmypassion.Volleyballreawakenedaspiritofplayfulnessinme.WhileshoutingatthekidsabouttechniquesandstrategiesI'dnotthoughtaboutinadecade,Ididn'thavetositbehindacomputer.TheparentspaidmefairlyandpromptlyandIdidn'thavetofearthatmyworkwouldbeoutsourcedtoartificialintelligence.SoIwentallin.Ifoundagymspaceandstartedrunningmyownclinics.IcreatedanorganizationcalledSuperVolley,whichrunssessionsforathletesaged5-18everySaturday.Thingsaregoingdecentlywellsofar.Likemanysmallbusinesses,I'matthemercyofarisingcostofliving,aharsheconomyandconsumerswhomightdevotetheirSaturdaystosomethingelse.ButI'llkeepgoingbecausethisvolleyballthingrewardsmeinwaysthatgowellbeyondmoneyorjournalisticfame.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor'searlycareerfromthefirstparagraph?A.Heachievedgreatsuccessinjournalismwithoutanystress.B.Hegaveupphilosophytofocusonjournalismandwriting.C.Heworkedasafull-timewriteraftergraduation.D.Hisjournalismcareerbroughthimbothachievementsandstruggles.5.Whatmadetheauthorturntovolleyballcoaching?A.Thehighpayfromvolleyballclinics.B.ThefearofAIreplacinghisjournalismwork.第2页共8页C.Thestressandlossofpassioninjournalism.D.Theinvitationfromaprofessionalvolleyballclub.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outsourced”inParagraph3mean?A.replaced B.improved C.shared D.created7.Whatconclusioncanwedrawabouttheauthor'spresentsituation?A.HisorganizationSuperVolleyonlyservesadultathletes.B.Hisvolleyballbusinessisfreefromeconomicchallenges.C.Heregretsgivinguphisjournalismcareercompletely.D.Hevaluesthenon-materialrewardsofvolleyballmore.CCatswithdementia(痴呆)havebrainchangessimilartothoseofpeoplewithAlzheimer'sdisease,offeringavaluablemodelforstudyingtheconditioninhumans,astudysays.Scientistsdiscoveredabuild-upofthetoxic(有毒的)proteinamyloid-betainthebrainsofcatswiththecondition——oneofthedefiningfeaturesofAlzheimer'sdisease.Thefindingsofferaclearerpictureofhowamyloid-betamayleadtoage-relatedbraindysfunction(功能障碍)andmemorylossincats,expertssay.Manyoldercatsdevelopdementia,leadingtobehavioralchangessuchasincreasedvocalizationormeowing,confusionanddisruptedsleep——symptomssimilartothoseseeninpeoplewithAlzheimer'sdisease.ScientistsattheUniversityofEdinburghexaminedthebrainsof25catsofdifferentagesaftertheyhadpassedaway,includingthosewithsignsofdementia.Powerfulmicroscopyimagesrevealedabuild-upofamyloid-betawithinthesynapses(神经元的突触)——connectionsbetweenbraincellsofoldercatsandcatswithdementia.Synapsesallowtheflowofmessagesbetweenbraincellsandarevitaltohealthybrainfunction.TheirlossstronglypredictsreducedmemoryandthinkingabilitiesinhumanswithAlzheimer'sdisease.Theresearchteamalsofoundevidencethatastrocytesandmicroglia——typesofsupportcellsinthebrain——surroundedor'ate'theaffectedsynapses.Thisprocess,calledsynapticpruning,isimportantduringbraindevelopmentbutcancontributetosynapselossindementia.Expertssaythefindingswillnotonlyhelptounderstandandmanagedementiaincatsbut,giventheirsimilarities,couldalsocontributetothedevelopmentoffuturetreatmentsforpeoplewithAlzheimer'sdisease.ScientistsstudyingAlzheimer'sdiseaseinthepasthavereliedheavilyongeneticallymodifiedrodents(啮齿类动物)models.Rodentsdonotnaturallydevelopdementia,andstudyingcatswithdementiahasthepotentialtoadvanceknowledgeandhelpdeveloptreatmentsforbothcatsandpeople,expertssay.8.WhatmakescatswithdementiaavaluablemodelforstudyingAlzheimer'sinhumans?A.Theyshowsimilarbehavioralchangestohumanswiththedisease.B.TheirbrainstructureisidenticaltothatofAlzheimer'spatients.C.Theydevelopdementiathroughgeneticmodification.D.Theyproducemoreamyloid-betathanotheranimalmodels.9.WhatdidtheUniversityofEdinburghscientistsdiscoveraboutcatswithdementia?A.Theirbraincellslosetheabilitytocommunicateentirely.第3页共8页B.Amyloid-betabuildsupinthesynapsesoftheirbraincells.C.Synapselossonlyoccursinveryoldcatswithoutdementia.D.Supportcellsinthebrainstopfunctioninginadvancedstages.10.WhyarecatsconsideredbetterthanrodentsforAlzheimer'sresearch?A.Rodentslivetoolongtostudyage-relatedchanges.B.Catsdevelopdementianaturally,unlikegeneticallymodifiedrodents.C.Rodentscannotproduceamyloid-betaintheirbraincells.D.Cats'brainstructureismorecomplexthanthatofrodents.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowDementiaAffectsCats'BehaviorandBrainFunctionB.TheRoleofAmyloid-betainBrainDiseasesofHumansandCatsC.WhyRodentModelsAreLessEffectiveinAlzheimer'sStudiesD.CatswithDementia:AValuableModelforAlzheimer'sResearchDSpanishpeoplemaysoonclockoff30minutesearliereachday,thankstoanewlawcuttingthelegalworkingweekfrom40hoursto37.5withnochangeinsalary.Thereform,expectedtobecomelawthisyear,followsmonthsoftalksbetweenMinisterofLabourandSocialEconomyYolandaDiaz,unionsandemployers'representatives.Underthenewrules,a37.5-hourcontractwillbeconsideredfull-time,andcompaniesthatfailtofollowtherulescouldfacefinesofupto10,000euros(about75,900yuan)perworker.AllbusinessesmustmakethechangebyDec.31,2025.“Thisproposalisaboutlivingbetter,workingless,andbeingmuchmoreproductiveandefficienteconomically,”Diazsaid.However,thelawstillrequiresparliamentary(议会的)approval,andlawmakersmayintroducechangesbeforeittakeseffect.Shorterworkinghourshaveoftenbeenconnectedtobetterhealth.Spain'smajortradeunionUGT,whichsupportedthereforminDecember2024,supportsreducingworkinghoursevenfurther:advocatingforafour-day,32-hourweek.AccordingtotheEuropeanParliament,morethan300millionpeopleworldwidesufferfromwork-relatedmentalhealthissues.TheEuropeanUnion(EU)isworkingonlegislation(立法)todefinethe“righttodisconnect”.ChristopherDottie,fromrecruitmentcompanyHays,toldtheSpanishnewspaperExpansionthatevenwithshorterworkinghours,it'spossibletoimproveworkers'qualityoflifeandboostproductivityatthesametime.HecitedtheNetherlands,DenmarkandGermanyasgoodexamplesofthat.However,noteveryoneisconvincedthatthemeasurewillsignificantlyimpactpeople'sdailylives.Similarpolicieshavealreadybeentestedinothercountries,suchasFrance,wheretheworkschedulehasbeencappedat35hourssince2000.Yet,asurveyfoundthat40percentofrespondentsstillstruggledtobalanceworkandpersonallife,accordingtoTheConversation.Alicia,anITcompanyemployeeinMadrid,Spain,whoprefersnottorevealhersurname,saidthechangewon'tmakemuchdifferencetoher.DuetoSpain'scommonsplitshifts(交替轮班),shewillstillfinishworkintheevening.“Ideally,I'dworkfrom8a.m.to3p.m.tohavetimeformychildrenandsports,”第4页共8页shesaid.CEOE,Spain'smainlobby(游说团体)foremployers,arguesthata42.5-hourweekwouldboostproductivitytomatchthatofotherEuropeancountries.Meanwhile,SpanishEconomyMinisterCarlosCuerpowarnedthatthelawshouldbepostponed,assmallandmedium-sizedbusinesseswillbearmorethanhalfofthepolicy'simpact,andcompaniesmayneedmoretimetoadapt.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutSpain'snewworkingweekreform?A.Ithasalreadybeenapprovedbytheparliament.B.Employersmightbepunishediftheydon'tobeythenewrules.C.Allbusinessesmustcompletethechangebytheendof2024.D.Workerswillgetlesspayafterthereformiscarriedout.13.WhydoesSpain'smajortradeunionUGTsupportreducingworkinghoursfurther?A.Tohelpsmallbusinessesreducecosts.B.Toimproveworkers'healthandwell-being.C.TomatchtheproductivityofotherEUcountries.D.Topromotethe“righttodisconnect”legislation.14.WhatisAlicia'sattitudetowardsthenewreform?A.Doubtful. B.Supportive. C.Excited. D.Indifferent.15.Whatconcerndoopponentsofthereformexpress?A.Workers'productivitywilldecreasesharply.B.The“righttodisconnect”willbeviolated.C.Smallandmediumbusinessesmaystruggletoadapt.D.SpainwillfallbehindotherEuropeancountriesineconomy.第二节(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wespendbillionsofdollarseachyeartryingtofightaging——coveringupwrinkles,dyeinggrayhair,andchasingthepromiseofyouth.16.“Everyonetalksaboutagingasthisdecline,”saysMichelleFeng,chiefclinicalofficeratExecutiveMentalHealth.“Butagingisjustliving.Itliterallymeansthatyou'realive.”Sowhatgetsbetteraswegetolder?Here'swhattheresearchshows.YougetbetterathandlingstressStressdoesn'tgoawaywithage,buthowwedealwithitchanges.“Olderpeoplecanunderstandstressfulsituationsbetter,andthey'reactuallybetteratmanagingstressthanwhentheywereyounger,”saysAanandNaik,executivedirectoroftheUTHealthHoustonConsortiumonAging.17.“Olderadultshavemorelifeexperience.Theyalsoknowhowtohandlespecificsituationsandhavewaystoworkthroughthem,”saysNaik.YoubecomemoreemotionallystrongAgechangesnotjusthowwehandlestress,butalsoourfeelings.Naiknotesolderadultsunderstandandadapttoemotionsbetter;Fengaddstheyavoidbadfeelingsandkeepgoodones.Unlikeyoungerpeoplewhohideemotions(causingmoreinnerstress),olderadultsoftenuse“reevaluation”(lookingatsituations第5页共8页differently)tostaylessemotionallyreactive.18.19Somepartsofmemory(likerememberingnewthingsfast)getworsewithage.Butotherparts——likeknowingmorewordsandlong-termknowledge——staythesameorevengetbetter.Researcherscallthis“crystallized(晶体的)intelligence”:“It'swhatyouknowfromlife,”saysFeng.BothsheandNaikcallthis“wisdom”forshort.Insomecultures,thiswisdomisnotjustnoticed——it'swhatmakesolderpeopleimportant.AstudyfromJapan'sAwajiIslandfoundthatolderadultswerebetterthanyoungerpeopleatknowingtraditionallifeskills.Researcherscallthis“thewisdomoftheelders.”Yourmindsetshapeshowyouage20.“Ifpeoplethinkdepressionisnormalwhengettingolder,theymightletithappen,”saysFeng.“Butit'snot.Youneedtoknowthistoask:HowdoIwanttoage?”“Weshouldunderstandthatwecan'tstopaging,”saysFeng.“Butwehavemorecontroloverhowweagethanwethink.Thiscanhelpyoumakegoodchoicesforyourself.”A.ExperiencemakesyouwiserB.YoustopcaringwhatothersdoC.Abigwrongideaaboutagingisthatyoucan'tcontrolitD.OlderpeopleoftenremembermiddleageasaveryhappytimeE.ThismightalsoexplainwhyolderpeoplefeelhappieroverallF.OnereasonisthatmanyolderadultshavewaystohandleproblemsG.Butmanypeoplethinkagingisaslowdecline——scientistssaythisisnotthewholetruth第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分50分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afewmonthsago,I21arandompostonFacebookfromagroupcalledPoisonsHelp:EmergencyIdentificationforMushroomsandPlants.Curious,Iclickedonit.Thepost22aphotoofafungus(真菌)onatreeandapanickedmessagefromamanwhosedogwasvomiting(呕吐),withfurtherphotosshowingbitsofvomitedmushroom.Theowner23urgentguidance,fearinghispethadeatensomethingpoisonous.Thegroup,composedoftrustedexperts,24himthemushroomswerenotdangerous.Inowfindmyselfreadingpostafterpost.Whencasesareresolvedandpetssurvive,thepostersareso25tohaveaccesstothisremarkablefreeresource.Intheoftendarkand26worldoftheinternet,itfeelslikeabeautifulpocketoflightandhope.It27methatthereisgoodouttheretoo.Itiseasytofeel28abouthumanity.Thereareongoingwars,climatechange,violence,povertyandmore.Butpeopleareusingtheirknowledgeandskillstomakea29.ThisissomethingIseewhenIgotoworkintheNationalHealthService(NHS).Forallthetalkofitsbrokennessandcuts,everydaymycolleaguesandI30patients,andmanyofthosepatientsgrow,developandgetbetter.Whilefacingandstandingagainstthebad,wemustalsoholdontothegood.It'seasytobeoverwhelmed第6页共8页by31andlosehope,especiallyifyou'veexperiencedseverehardships.32agriponthegoodinourselves,othersandtheworldtakeseffort.It'snotabout33everythingisfine.It'saboutbelievinginthe34forpositivechange.Mymentor(导师)recentlyspokeabouttheIsrael-Palestineconflict:thathoweverfarawaypeacemayseem,wehavetobelievethatitispossible,sowecanbegin35thebridgethatmaygetusthereoneday.Wecanstarttolaythebricks.21.A.passedover B.cameacross C.drewup D.tookdown22.A.hid B.overlooked C.featured D.ruined23.A.sought B.declined C.supplied D.deserted24.A.cautioned B.cheated C.puzzled D.reassured25.A.upset B.grateful C.annoyed D.skeptical26.A.bright B.beneficial C.welcoming D.awful27.A.frightens B.discourages C.reminds D.bothers28.A.curious B.optimistic C.hopeless D.confident29.A.difference B.chaos C.livelihood D.commitment30.A.avoid B.hurt C.neglect D.treat31.A.warmth B.cruelty C.negativity D.damage32.A.Maintaining B.Losing C.Escaping D.Deserting33.A.pretending B.proving C.forgetting D.acknowledging34.A.hardship B.unlikelihood C.weakness D.potential35.A.destroying B.building C.crossing D.designing第二节(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thebutterricecake36(gain)greatpopularityinrecentyears.Withacrispyoutsideandasoftinside,37offersagreatsmellofbutterandasweettastethatfillyour38(sense).Manypeopleareaddicted39it.Doyouknowwhy?Whiledelicious,thesecretbehindtheaddictiontobutterricecake40(lie)inhowitaffectsyourbody.Itisinfact41mixoffatandsugarthatinfluencesyourbrain'sdesire42(eat)throughthegut-brainneural(肠-脑神经)connection,journalCellMetabolismsaid.Moreover,whensugarandfataremixedtogether,theyhaveastrongereffect43(compare)towhentheyareeatenalone.Thismixcausesyourbraintoproducemoredopamine(多巴胺),whichmakesyoufeelhappy.What'smore,aftereatingbutterricecake,thehighstarch(淀粉)andsugarcontentcancausechanges44(sharp)inyourbloodsugarlevelsinashorttime.Yourbodythenproducesinsulin(胰岛素)andglucagon(胰高血糖素),45(make)youfeelhungryagainquickly.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节书面表达(满分15分)假设你是李华，你校将举办“校园传统文化节”活动，旨在让同学们更好地了解中国传统艺术。请你给外教Smith先生写一封邮件，邀请他参加活动并担任手工体验环节的评委。第7页共8页内容包括：1.活动的时间和地点；2.活动的主要内容(如剪纸、书法展示等)；3.邀请他担任评委的原因及具体职责。注意：1.词数为80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。DearMr.Smith,Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节短文续写(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasafreezingDecemberafternoon,withsnowflakesdancinginthewindliketinywhitebutterflies.Lily,a16-year-oldstudent,pulledhercoattighteraroundher,herbreathforminglittlecloudsinthecoldairasshewalkedhomefromschool.AtthecornerofMapleStreet,therestoodanoldoaktreethathadwatchedovertheneighborhoodfordecades.Underit,Mr.Harris,an80-year-oldmanwithsilverhairandwarmeyes,hadsoldhand-knittedscarveseverywinterforthepastfiveyears.Hisscarveswerealwayspopular——passers-byoftenstoppedtoadmiretheneatstitches(针脚),andkidslovedpointingoutthelittleanimalpatternshesecretlywoveintosome.Today,though,theusualwoodenstall——polishedsmoothbyyearsofuse,withasmall“HandmadewithLove”sign——wasempty.Instead,aweatheredcardboardbox,itsedgesfrayedfromthecold,satunderthetree,itslidproppedopenbyapinecone.Acrumplednote,writteninshakyhandwriting,wastapedtoit:“Freetothoseinneed——staywarm,friends.Noneedtopay,justpassthekindnesson.”Curious,Lilybrushedoffthesnowandliftedthelid.Insideweresixscarves,eachfoldedneatly.Justassheranherfingeroverasky-bluescarfstitchedwithstars,afaint,raspingcoughcamefrombehindthetree.Lilyturnedandgasped.Mr.Harriswasleaningheavilyagainstthetrunk,hisshouldershunched,hisfaceaspaleasthesnowontheground.Hishands,usuallysteadyasheknit,weretrembling,andhisusualwoolenhatwasaskew.“Mr.Harris！Areyouallright?”sheasked,rushingover.Hestumbledtryingtostand,soshehelpedhimsitonasnow-dustedbranch.“Justacold,dear,nothingtofretabout,”hesaidweakly,hisvoicethin.“Wokeupthismorningfeelingdizzy,couldn'tsetupthestalltoday.Butthesescarves——theytookmeallweek.Didn'twantthemtosithereandgetforgotten.”Lilynodded,herheartsqueezing.Sherushedtothenearbycafé,whereMrs.Patel,theowner,knewMr.Harriswell,andbroughtbackasteam