湖北省荆州市某中学2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省荆州市某中学2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每个题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASportsarenotamoderninvention.Peoplearoundtheworldhaveenjoyedexcitingandmeaningfulsportssinceancienttimes.Herearesomeexamplesofancientsportsfromdifferentcultures.EgyptianPharaohs’RunningRaceInancientEgypt,kingsdemonstratedtheirphysicalstrengthbyrunningduringtheSedFestival.Thisspecialeventtookplaceafterakinghadruledfor30years.Forexample,PharaohDjoserranaroundthetempleforalongtimetoprovehewasstillhealthyandstrong.MinoanBull-LeapingTheMinoanpeoplecreatedaverydangeroussportcalledbull-leaping.Inthisevent,athleteswouldrundirectlyatachargingbull,grabitshorns(角)andleapoveritsback.WallpaintingsfromthePalaceofKnossosshowtheseexcitingscenes.MesopotamianWrestlingAncientMesopotamianspracticedwrestlingandboxing.Stonecarvingsshowstrongfighterswearingskirtsduringmatches.Thesematcheswereintense,withfighterswrestlinglikewildanimals.AncientChineseArchery(射箭)IntheZhouDynasty’sroyaleducation,archerywasarequiredskillformen.Competitions,called“sheyi”,wereheldwithstrictrulesandceremonies.Towin,apersonneededbothphysicalskillandqualitiessuchasgrace,self-controlandrespect.Thesecontestsoftentookplaceintemplesandservedtopromotemoralvaluesandsocialorder.Althoughancientsportsvariedwidelyinformandintent,theyuniversallyhighlightedthevalueofskill.Beyondmerecompetition,theseactivitiesweredeeplyintegratedintotheirsocieties,reflectingculturalbeliefsandshapingasenseofcommunity.1.WhatdoMinoanbull-leapingandMesopotamianwrestlinghaveincommon?A.Theyfollowedstrictceremonies.B.Theywerecreatedtohonorkings.C.Theywerephysicallydemanding.D.Theyincludedfightingagainstanimals.2.WhatisspecialaboutancientChinesearchery?A.Ithadflexiblerules. B.Ithelpedbuildcharacter.C.Itencouragedself-expression. D.Itservedaspublicentertainment.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tostresstheimportanceofsports.B.Toinformreadersofmodernsports.C.Todiscussthepossibleoriginsofsports.D.Toshowsomeancientsportsandtheirculturalvalue.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种古代文明中的体育项目：埃及的法老赛跑、米诺斯的跃牛仪式、美索不达米亚的摔跤和中国周朝的射箭。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据MinoanBull-Leaping部分的“Inthisevent,athleteswouldrundirectlyatachargingbull,grabitshorns(角)andleapoveritsback.(在这个项目中，运动员会直接冲向一头正在冲过来的公牛，抓住它的角，跳过它的背。)”和MesopotamianWrestling部分的“Thesematcheswereintense,withfighterswrestlinglikewildanimals.(这些比赛非常激烈，选手们像野兽一样摔跤。)”可知，这两项运动的体能要求都很高。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据AncientChineseArchery(射箭)部分的“Towin,apersonneededbothphysicalskillandqualitiessuchasgrace,self-controlandrespect.(要赢得比赛，一个人既需要身体技能，也需要优雅、自我控制和尊重等品质。)”可知，射箭比赛不仅是技术的较量，还需要参赛者拥有优雅、自我控制和尊重等品质。故选B。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Althoughancientsportsvariedwidelyinformandintent,theyuniversallyhighlightedthevalueofskill.Beyondmerecompetition,theseactivitiesweredeeplyintegratedintotheirsocieties,reflectingculturalbeliefsandshapingasenseofcommunity.(尽管古代体育运动的形式和目的各不相同，但它们都强调技术的价值。除了单纯的竞争之外，这些活动还深深融入了他们的社会，反映了文化信仰，塑造了一种社区意识。)”可知，文章旨在说明古代体育的文化价值。故选D。BFromanearlyage,EdwardNortonwastaughtwhatprotectingtheenvironmentreallyrequires.Hisfather,anenvironmentallawyer,foundedtheGrandCanyonTrustandhisgrandfatherwasapioneerinlow-incomehousingpolicy.Nortonbuilthisowncareerinadifferentfield,becomingoneofhisgeneration’smostrespectedactors.WhenNortonfirstbecamefamous,heconcludedthathewasn’tinterestedinordinarycelebrityambassadorwork.“Iamnotinterestedinbeingsomeweaksaucekindofspokesperson,”hesays.“It’snotthatIdon’tbelievethosethingsareimportant,butthatheldnonourishmentforme.”WhatdoesnourishNortonishisworkwithaKenya-basedorganizationcalledtheMaasaiWildernessConservationTrust,whichhelpstheMaasaipeopletomakealivingfromtheirlandthroughinnovativemeans.OneprojectthatNortonisparticularlyproudofchannelsprofitsfromthesaleofcarbonoffsets(碳补偿)tolocalMaasaicommunitieswhousethatmoneytosupporthealth,education,andconservationinitiatives.OnechallengethatconcernsNortonwouldbefamiliartohisfatherandgrandfather:raisingfunds.ThisledNortontoarealization.“Wecan’thavetheconservationmovementdependonlyondonor-fundedcharity,”hesays,“Itnotonlycan’tscale;it’sfundamentallyunstable.”Anewmodelisneeded.Nortonandhispartnersarguethattouristdollarsbeingspentinfragileplacesoughttoremainin-country—orbetteryet,in-community.NortonandhisteamhavestartedacompanycalledConservationEquitythatwillinvestintourismincriticalplacesandwillreinvestitsprofitslocally,insteadofpayingdistantshareholders.Nortonisoptimisticaboutthemodel’sprospects,“Ithinkwhatwearedoinghasnopreviousexampletofollow.Theneedsofpeoplearenotgoingtotakealowerprioritytothespiritualvalueofnature.Ifprotectingandrestoringnaturecan’tproduceastrongerandmorereliableeconomy,theeffortwillfail.”4.HowdidNortonfeelaboutbeingatypicalcelebrityspokesperson?A.Enthusiastic. B.Tolerant. C.Dissatisfied. D.Confused.5.WhatisNorton’smainconcernabouttheconservationmovement?A.Expansionofitspublicinfluence. B.Lackofastablesourceoffunding.C.Failuretomeettheneedsoflocalcommunities. D.Repetitionofthefaultsofpreviousgenerations.6.WhatisspecialaboutNorton’snewmodelofconservation?A.Downplayingthevalueofnature. B.Raisingfundsfromdistantdonors.C.Focusingonlocalchildren’seducation. D.Benefitinglocaleconomicdevelopment.7.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeNorton?A.Confidentandhonest. B.Generousandtalented.C.Practicalandpioneering. D.Ambitiousandconventional.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了演员爱德华・诺顿（EdwardNorton）在环保领域的实践与探索，展现了他在环保领域的务实与创新。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“WhenNortonfirstbecamefamous,heconcludedthathewasn’tinterestedinordinarycelebrityambassadorwork.“Iamnotinterestedinbeingsomeweaksaucekindofspokesperson,”hesays.“It’snotthatIdon’tbelievethosethingsareimportant,butthatheldnonourishmentforme.”(诺顿刚成名时，就认定自己对普通的名人发言人工作不感兴趣。他说：“我不想成为那种毫无分量的发言人。这并不是说我认为那些事不重要，而是那种工作对我来说没有任何意义。”)”可知，诺顿对成为典型的名人发言人并不感兴趣，甚至觉得这种工作“没有意义”，由此可判断他对此持不满态度。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“OnechallengethatconcernsNortonwouldbefamiliartohisfatherandgrandfather:raisingfunds.ThisledNortontoarealization.“Wecan’thavetheconservationmovementdependonlyondonor-fundedcharity,”hesays,“Itnotonlycan’tscale;it’sfundamentallyunstable.”(诺顿关注的一个挑战，他的父亲和祖父可能也很熟悉：筹集资金。这让诺顿有了一个认识。他说：“我们不能让环保运动只依赖捐赠者资助的慈善事业，这种模式不仅无法扩大规模，本质上还不稳定。”)”可知，诺顿认为环保运动目前依赖捐赠的资金模式不稳定，即他主要担心的是环保运动缺乏稳定的资金来源。故选B。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Anewmodelisneeded.Nortonandhispartnersarguethattouristdollarsbeingspentinfragileplacesoughttoremainin-country—orbetteryet,in-community.NortonandhisteamhavestartedacompanycalledConservationEquitythatwillinvestintourismincriticalplacesandwillreinvestitsprofitslocally,insteadofpayingdistantshareholders.(需要一种新的模式。诺顿和他的合作伙伴认为，在生态脆弱地区花费的旅游资金应该留在当地——或者更好的是，留在社区里。诺顿和他的团队创办了一家名为“保护公平”的公司，该公司将在重要地区投资旅游业，并将利润再投资于当地，而不是支付给远方的股东。)”可知，诺顿的新型环保模式通过投资当地旅游业、将利润再投资于当地的方式，助力当地经济发展，这是其特别之处。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的““Iamnotinterestedinbeingsomeweaksaucekindofspokesperson,”hesays.“It’snotthatIdon’tbelievethosethingsareimportant,butthatheldnonourishmentforme.”(“我对当一个软弱无力的代言人不感兴趣，”他说。“这并不是说我认为那些事情不重要，但那对我毫无滋养。”)”以及第四段中的““Wecan’thavetheconservationmovementdependonlyondonor-fundedcharity,”hesays,“Itnotonlycan’tscale;it’sfundamentallyunstable.”(“我们不能让保护运动仅仅依赖于捐赠资金的慈善事业，”他说，“这不仅无法扩大规模，而且从根本上来说就是不稳定的。”)”可知，诺顿拒绝无意义的代言，直面传统环保模式弊端，注重实际效果，显务实特质。另外根据倒数第二段中的“NortonandhisteamhavestartedacompanycalledConservationEquitythatwillinvestintourismincriticalplacesandwillreinvestitsprofitslocally,insteadofpayingdistantshareholders.(诺顿和他的团队创办了一家名为“保护公平”的公司，该公司将在重要地区投资旅游业，并将利润再投资于当地，而不是支付给远方的股东。)”以及最后一段中的“Ithinkwhatwearedoinghasnopreviousexampletofollow.(我认为我们正在做的事情没有先例可循)”可知，他创新提出“旅游投资+本地再投资”模式并落地，且模式无先例，显开拓精神，因此他是务实且具有开拓精神的。故选C。CIt’safamiliarscene:Youassureyourparentsyou’llleaveforschoolin“justfiveminutes”,orconfidentlyplantomemorize50wordsinanhour.Yetrealityhits.You’retenminuteslate,breathlessattheclassroom’sfrontdoor.Andofthefiftywords?Youmanagedbarelytwenty.Sowhydowekeepmisjudgingtimesobadly?You’renotalone,andyou’renotsimplybadatplanning.Mostofussufferfromwhatiscalledtheplanningfallacy（谬误）,aconceptintroducedbypsychologistsDanielKahnemanandAmosTversky.Itdescribeshowweconsistentlyunderestimatethetimetocompleteatask,oftenaccompaniedbyafailuretoaccountforeffortandrisk,evenifitcontradictsourexperiences.Thishappensbecausepeopletendtoimaginetheidealsituationandomitreal-worldchallenges.Imaginetryingtofinishamathworksheetbeforeeveningstudysession.Youpictureyourselffocusedandfinishingitinthirtyminutes.Butrealityisdifferent.Yougetstuckonatoughproblem,lookforyourtextbook,andcheckyourphone“justonce”,andsuddenlyanhourhaspassed.Beforeyouknowit,you’rerushingtocompletethework,feelingstressed,andworriedabouthowotherswillperceiveyourdelay.So,whatcanyoudo?First,insteadofthinkingaboutthetask,usedata.Ask:howlongdidsimilartaskstakelasttime—notjustthewriting,butthethinking,searching,revising?Second,breakbiggoalsintosmall,morepredictablestepsandestimatethedurationofeachone.It’seasiertoestimate“answerthefirstthreemultiple-choicequestions”than“finishbiologyhomework”.Third,don’tjustaddafixednumbertoyourestimate;adjustbypercentagesbecauselargertasksscaledifferently.A10-minutetaskmightneed5extraminuteswhilea2-hourtaskmightneed30.Thenexttimeyoucatchyourselfthinking“thiswilljusttakeafewminutes”,pauseforamomentandremindyourselfoftheplanningfallacy.Thegoalis,however,nottobecomepessimisticaboutyourcapabilities,buttobecomerealisticaboutthecomplexitiesoftherealworld.Yourfutureselfwillthankyou.8.Whatphenomenondoestheplanningfallacymainlydescribe?A.Anxietyoverfutureplans. B.Frequentmistakesindailylife.C.Misjudgmentabouttaskduration. D.Failuretoreflectonpastexperiences.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“omit”inparagraph3mean?A.Meet. B.Accept. C.Handle. D.Ignore.10.Whichofthefollowingisasolutiontotheplanningfallacy?A.Dividingaprojectintosmallerparts. B.Doingmoreresearchbeforeacting.C.Addingatleastfivemoreminutestoatask. D.Followingthesametimeestimateasbefore.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowPerfectionismFoolsUs. B.ClosingthePlanningGap.C.WhyRealismIsSoImportant. D.BreakingtheDeadlineCycle.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了“计划谬误”——人们往往会低估自己完成任务所需的时间。通过描述典型现象、心理原因以及三条实用建议，作者帮助读者改善时间管理，强调“现实规划”胜过“乐观假设”。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mostofussufferfromwhatiscalledtheplanningfallacy（谬误）...Itdescribeshowweconsistentlyunderestimatethetimetocompleteatask,oftenaccompaniedbyafailuretoaccountforeffortandrisk,evenifitcontradictsourexperiences.(我们大多数人都受到所谓“规划谬误”的影响……它指的是我们总是低估完成一项任务所需的时间，往往还会忽略所需的努力和潜在风险，即便这与我们的过往经验相悖。)”可知，规划谬误主要描述的是人们对任务所需时长的误判（低估）。故选C项。【9题详析】词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Thishappensbecausepeopletendtoimaginetheidealsituationandomitreal-worldchallenges.Imaginetryingtofinishamathworksheet...Youpictureyourselffocused...Butrealityisdifferent.Yougetstuckonatoughproblem,lookforyourtextbook,andcheckyourphone...(这种情况发生是因为人们倾向于想象理想状态，而omit现实中的挑战。想象一下你试图完成数学练习卷……你设想自己专注做题……但现实却不同：你被难题困住、找课本、忍不住看手机……)”可知，“理想状态”与“现实挑战”是对比关系，人们只想到理想情况，却没考虑到现实中的问题，因此“omit”意为“忽略、忽视”。故选D项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“So,whatcanyoudo?First...Second,breakbiggoalsintosmall,morepredictablestepsandestimatethedurationofeachone.It’seasiertoestimate‘answerthefirstthreemultiple-choicequestions’than‘finishbiologyhomework’.(那么，我们能做些什么呢？首先……其次，将大目标分解成更小、更易预估时长的步骤，并估算每个步骤的时间。估算‘完成前三道选择题’的时间，比估算‘完成生物作业’要容易得多。)”可知，“将项目拆分成更小部分”是解决规划谬误的方法之一。故选A项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章探讨了“计划谬误”——人们往往会低估自己完成任务所需的时间。通过描述典型现象、心理原因以及三条实用建议，作者帮助读者改善时间管理，强调“现实规划”胜过“乐观假设”。核心是“帮助人们缩小规划与现实的差距”。所以B选项“弥合规划缺口”为最佳标题。故选B项。DThroughouthistory,treeshaveplayedacrucialroleinmaintainingecologicalbalance.TheyabsorbCO2andtransformitintooxygen.ButoneofthechallengeswiththistraditionalcarbonabsorptionisthattheCO2treesstorecanbereleasedbackintotheatmospherewhentheydie.However,thediscoveryofcertaintreesinKenyaaddsanewdimensiontothisnaturalprocess.Thesetrees,alsofoundinseveralothercountries,havebeenobservedtotransformCO2intocalciumoxalate.Thenbacteria(细菌)presentinthetreesandsurroundingsoiltransformitfurtherintocalciumcarbonate(碳酸钙),aprimarycomponentoflimestoneandchalk.TheuniqueprocessensuresthattheCO2iskeptinsolidformformuchlonger,evenafterthetree’slifeends.ThisfindingwasemphasizedbyMikeRowleyfromtheUniversityofZurichattheGoldschmidtConference.Whilethescientificcommunityisoptimisticaboutthesefindings,severalchallengesremain.TheprimaryconcernisdeterminingtheexactamountofCO2thatthesetreescantransformthroughouttheirlifetime.Withoutthisaccuratedata,itischallengingtoassessthefullimpactofthismethodglobally.Understandingtheecologicalbalanceandensuringthepreservationofbiodiversityarecrucialbeforeworldwideplantingofthesetrees.Cooperativeresearcheffortsareneededtoexploretheseaspectsanddevelopacomprehensivestrategyforusingthesetreesasanaturalsolutiontoclimatechange.ThisdiscoveryinKenyainvitesustoreconsiderthepotentialofnaturalprocessesinaddressingenvironmentalchallenges.Whiletechnologicalsolutionstoclimatechangearevital,integratingnaturalmethodsoffersanalternativeapproach.Theuniqueabilityofthesetreespresentsapromisingmethodforexploration.Thejourneytofightingclimatechangeiscomplex.AswedigdeeperintounderstandingnaturalphenomenaliketheKenyantrees,wemustaskourselves:Howcanwemakethebestofthepowerofnaturetocreateasustainablefutureforgenerationstocome?12.WhatisspecialaboutthetreesfoundinKenya?A.TheyabsorbmoreCO2. B.TheyhelpturnCO2intosolids.C.Theyreleaseoxygenquickly. D.Theyliveinharmonywithbacteria.13.Whatisthecorechallengebeforeapplyingthediscoveryglobally?A.Assessingthecostoftheprocess. B.Understandingtheimpactonsoil.C.QuantifyingtheCO2transformation. D.Collectingthedataonbiodiversity.14.Whatdoestheauthortrytoexploreinthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Theseriousnessofclimatechange. B.Themethodofgreendevelopment.C.Theprospectofscientificapproaches. D.Theroleofnatureinclimatesolutions.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AdefensiveStrategyinNature B.ARecentAdvanceinCO2ResearchC.KenyanTrees:ANaturalCarbonLock D.TreePlanting:AKeytoEcologicalBalance【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍树木在维持生态平衡中的作用，重点阐述肯尼亚发现的特殊树木能将二氧化碳转化为碳酸钙以实现长期固碳的独特过程，同时提及当前研究面临的挑战，并指出该发现为利用自然方法应对气候变化提供了新思路。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thesetrees,alsofoundinseveralothercountries,havebeenobservedtotransformCO2intocalciumoxalate.Thenbacteria(细菌)presentinthetreesandsurroundingsoiltransformitfurtherintocalciumcarbonate(碳酸钙),aprimarycomponentoflimestoneandchalk.TheuniqueprocessensuresthattheCO2iskeptinsolidformformuchlonger,evenafterthetree’slifeends.(这类树木在其他几个国家也有分布，研究观察到它们能将二氧化碳转化为草酸钙。随后，树木内部及周围土壤中的细菌会进一步将草酸钙转化为碳酸钙——石灰岩和白垩的主要成分。这一独特过程确保二氧化碳以固态形式被长期封存，即便树木寿命终结也不会轻易释放)”可知，肯尼亚发现的树木特殊之处在于，它们能通过一系列过程将二氧化碳转化为草酸钙，进而转化为碳酸钙，使二氧化碳以固态形式长期封存。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“TheprimaryconcernisdeterminingtheexactamountofCO2thatthesetreescantransformthroughouttheirlifetime.Withoutthisaccuratedata,itischallengingtoassessthefullimpactofthismethodglobally.(首要问题是确定这类树木在其生命周期内可转化的二氧化碳精确量。若缺乏这一准确数据，将难以评估该方法在全球范围内的整体影响)”可知，在全球应用这一发现前，核心挑战是确定这类树木在生命周期内转化二氧化碳的精确量，即对二氧化碳转化量进行量化。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“ThisdiscoveryinKenyainvitesustoreconsiderthepotentialofnaturalprocessesinaddressingenvironmentalchallenges.(肯尼亚的这一发现，促使我们重新思考自然过程在应对环境挑战中的潜力)”以及最后一段“AswedigdeeperintounderstandingnaturalphenomenaliketheKenyantrees,wemustaskourselves:Howcanwemakethebestofthepowerofnaturetocreateasustainablefutureforgenerationstocome?(当我们深入研究肯尼亚树木这类自然现象时，必须反问自己：如何充分利用自然的力量，为子孙后代创造一个可持续发展的未来？)”可知，作者在最后两段中，通过肯尼亚树木的发现，重点探讨了自然过程在应对气候变化、解决环境问题中的潜力与作用，强调应结合自然方法应对气候挑战。故选D。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“However,thediscoveryofcertaintreesinKenyaaddsanewdimensiontothisnaturalprocess.Thesetrees,alsofoundinseveralothercountries,havebeenobservedtotransformCO2intocalciumoxalate.(然而，在肯尼亚发现的一类特殊树木，为这一自然过程增添了新维度。这类树木在其他几个国家也有分布，研究观察到它们能将二氧化碳转化为草酸钙)”以及全文内容可知，全文围绕肯尼亚发现的特殊树木能将二氧化碳转化为固态碳酸钙长期封存展开，先对比传统树木固碳的不足，再介绍该类树木的独特固碳过程、当前研究挑战，最后强调其对利用自然应对气候变化的意义，核心主题是肯尼亚树木的天然固碳作用。选项C“KenyanTrees:ANaturalCarbonLock(肯尼亚树木：天然的碳锁)”准确概括了全文内容，可以作为最佳标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Resolving(解决)ConflictinFriendshipsConflictissurelyacommonprobleminlifeandfriendships.___16___That'sbecausethereisn'tenoughdepthtoguaranteeallthetroubleittakestosmoothoverthedisagreement.Unfortunately,evenwhenthefriendshipreachesadeeperlevel,conflictcontinuestohappenandcanbreakapartarelationship.Herearesomeresolutions.Resolveitthedayithappens.Onerulemyparentsfollowintheirmarriageisthattheydon'tgotobedangrywitheachother.Theyalwaysattempttoresolvethingsthedayithappenssothatinthemorning,it'safreshstartwithnopastgrudge(怨恨).I'vefoundIneedashortcooldownperiodsothatIdon'tactinanger.___17___Whateveryoudo,don'tletthingsridefortoolong.___18___Sometimesifyousitdownandtalkthingsover,youbegintoseewheretheotherpersoniscomingfrom.Realizethateveryonehasbeencreateddifferentlywithvarioustalents,abilities,andpersonalitytraits.Forexample,youmightbealeaderwhileyourfriendismoreofafollower.Youmaybefrustratedwithhimorherfornotbeingverydecisive.Yetitisimportanttounderstandthateachpersonisuniqueandneedstobeappreciated.Initiateresolution.___19___Evenwhenyouthinktheotherpersoniswrong，it'snotabadthingtosay"I'msorryifIoffendedyouinthatway."Ifyou'rehonestandgenuineindeliveringyourwords,there'sagoodchanceyourfriendwillrespondpositively.Mostimportantly,belovinginwhatyoudo.Trytofocusonpeacefullyresolvingthedisagreement.Itisnotamostpleasanttasktoresolveconflictinanyfriendship.___20___A.Don'texpecttoomuch.B.Trytoseetheotherperson'sperspective.C.Bethefirstpersoninafighttosaysorryforyourpart.D.Manyshallowfriendshipsendupbeingruinedafteranargument.E.Tosaysorrybravelywhenaconflictbreaksoutisabetterresolution.F.However,itisworththeeffortsbecauseitresultsinadeeperfriendship.G.Forsome,countingtoonehundredbeforesayinganythingmaybeanoption.【答案】16.D17.G18.B19.C20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了冲突无疑是生活和友谊中常见的问题，我们要努力集中精力和平解决友谊中的冲突，比如在冲突发生的那一天就去解决，从对方的角度看问题，真诚地表达自己的观点并及时道歉等。【16题详析】根据下一句“That'sbecausethereisn'tenoughdepthtoguaranteeallthetroubleittakestosmoothoverthedisagreement(这是因为没有足够的深度来保证消除分歧所带来的所有麻烦)”可知，句中的“thereisn'tenoughdepth(没有足够的深度)”与D项中的“shallow(肤浅的)”对应，选项D.Manyshallowfriendshipsendupbeingruinedafteranargument.(许多肤浅的友谊在一次争吵后都被毁掉了。)”符合逻辑以及语境，下文的that指代选项提到这件事。故选D。【17题详析】根据前一句“I'vefoundIneedashortcooldownperiodsothatIdon'tactinanger(我发现我需要一个短暂的冷静期，这样我才不会生气)”可知，句中的“ashortcooldownperiod(一个短暂的冷静期)”与G项中的“countingtoonehundredbeforesayinganything(数到一百再说话)”对应，选项G.However,itisworththeeffortsbecauseitresultsinadeeperfriendship.(然而，对有些人来说，数到一百再说话可能是一种选择)符合逻辑以及语境，故选G。【18题详析】设空处为本段主旨句。根据下一句“Sometimesifyousitdownandtalkthingsover,youbegintoseewheretheotherpersoniscomingfrom.Realizethateveryonehasbeencreateddifferentlywithvarioustalents,abilities,andpersonalitytraits.(有时候，如果你坐下来好好谈一谈，你就会发现对方是从哪里来的.认识到每个人都有不同的天赋、能力和个性特征。)”可知,本段建议从他人的角度来看问题。B项Trytoseetheotherperson'sperspective.(试着从对方的角度看问。)可以作为主旨句，故选B。【19题详析】根据下一句“Evenwhenyouthinktheotherpersoniswrong,it'snotabadthingtosay"I'msorryifIoffendedyouinthatway.(即使你认为对方错了，说“如果我那样冒犯了你，我很抱歉”也不是坏事)”可知，句中的“I'msorry(我很抱歉)”与C项中的“saysorry(道歉)”对应，C项Bethefirstpersoninafighttosaysorryforyourpart.(在战斗中做第一个为你的角色道歉的人)内容相关，符合语境，故选C。【20题详析】根据前一句“Itisnotamostpleasanttasktoresolveconflictinanyfriendship(在任何友谊中解决冲突都不是一件令人愉快的事情)”，以及结合文章主旨“努力集中精力和平解决友谊中的冲突”，可知，句中的“notamostpleasanttask(不是一件令人愉快的事情)”与F项中的“itisworththeefforts(这是值得的努力)”形成对比，再次点明主旨，F项.However,itisworththeeffortsbecauseitresultsinadeeperfriendship.(然而，这是值得的努力，因为它导致了更深的友谊)衔接合理，符合语境以及文章主旨，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Sixteen-year-oldPriyastaredattheroboticsclub’s“InnovationChallenge”poster.Solveareal-worldproblemusingtechnology.Herfingersbrushedagainstthebrailledisplay(盲文显示屏)ofhersmartwatch—abirthday____21____afterhervisionbeganfadingfromretinitispigmentosa(视网膜炎).Duringlunchbreak,an____22____soundpiercedthecafeteriachatter—franticflapping(疯狂的拍打).Amonarchbutterflywastrapped____23____windowglass.Priyalocateditusinghersmartwatch’saudiodescriptionapp.“Whydotheykeepgetting____24____?”shemused(沉思),____25____cuppingtherescuedinsect.Thatnight,Priya’scodingsessionwas____26____byherbrother’svideogamesounds.“Stopshootingimaginaryaliensandhelp____27____creatures!”shejoked.Thecommentsparkedanidea.Usingvibrationsensorsandmachinelearning,Priyadesigned“WingSpace”—networkeddevicesthat____28____trappedinsectsthroughtheirwingbeatpatterns.Whentriggered,theyemitted(发出)specificfrequenciestoguidecreaturestowardopen____29____.Herprototypeusedrecycledsmartphonepartsandpiezoelectricspeakers.Theschool____30____dismissedherprojectas“niche”.ButwhenPriyademonstratedWingSpaceduringspringmigrationweek,biologyteachersgasped.Hersensorsdetected87%oftrappedinsects,____31____humanspotchecks.Thesystemevenidentifiedthree____32____speciesthroughtheiruniquevibrationsignatures.Newsspread.Alocalnaturereserve____33____hertechnology,andPriyafoundherselfexplainingherinventionto____34____elementarystudents.“Sometimes,”shesmiled,“solutionshideinthespacesbetweenwhatweseeandwhatwefeel.”Ongraduationday,Priyaadjustedherdarkglasses,listeningtothemonarchsflutteringpasttheauditorium’sopenwindows—eachwingbeatatinyvictory____35____.21.A.memory B.prize C.reward D.gift22.A.unexpected B.soft C.pleasant D.familiar23.A.under B.behind C.against D.below24.A.lost B.stuck C.hurt D.sick25.A.carelessly B.angrily C.carefully D.nervously26.A.interrupted B.improved C.protected D.recorded27.A.strange B.tiny C.wild D.real28.A.detect B.follow C.attract D.feed29.A.doors B.windows C.holes D.spaces30.A.finally B.suddenly C.initially D.recently31.A.breaking B.outperforming C.violating D.overstating32.A.dangerous B.unknown C.endangered D.common33.A.adapted B.adopted C.avoided D.admired34.A.wide-eyed B.sleepy C.bored D.naughty35.A.sign B.story C.dance D.song【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.C26.A27.D28.A29.B30.C31.B32.C33.B34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了16岁视力渐失的Priya受救助被困蝴蝶的启发，设计出“WingSpace”装置，最终获得认可并应用的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的手指轻拂着智能手表上的盲文显示屏——这是她因视网膜色素变性视力开始衰退后收到的生日礼物。A.memory记忆；B.prize奖品；C.reward奖励；D.gift礼物。根据“birthday”以及“afterhervisionbeganfadingfromretinitispigmentosa”可推知，盲文显示屏智能手表是生日礼物。故选D项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：午休时，一阵意外的声音穿透了自助餐厅的嘈杂声——疯狂的拍打声。A.unexpected意外的；B.soft柔软的；C.pleasant愉快的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据常识和“Duringlunchbreak”可知，午休时间一般是安静的，所以这是意外出现的声音。故选A项。【23题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：一只黑脉金斑蝶被困在窗户玻璃上。A.under在……下面；B.behind在……后面；C.against靠着，顶着；D.below在……下方。结合常识和“trapped”可知，蝴蝶是撞在玻璃上被困住了。故选C项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“为什么它们总是被困住呢？”她沉思着，小心翼翼地捧起这只获救的昆虫。A.lost丢失；B.stuck被困；C.hurt受伤；D.sick生病。根据前文“Amonarchbutterflywastrapped”可知，此处说的是蝴蝶总是被困住。故选B项。【25题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“为什么它们总是被困住呢？”她沉思着，小心翼翼地捧起这只获救的昆虫。A.carelessly粗心地；B.angrily生气地；C.carefully小心地；D.nervously紧张地。根据“cupping(窝起手掌托住；捧起)”可知，因为是救助蝴蝶，所以应该是小心地捧起它。故选C项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，Priya的编程工作被她哥哥玩电子游戏的声音打断了。A.interrupted打断；B.improved提高；C.protected保护；D.recorded记录。根据“byherbrother’svideogamesounds”可推知，游戏声音打断了她的编程。故选A项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“别再打那些虚拟外星人了，来帮帮真正的生物吧！”她开玩笑地说。A.strange奇怪的；B.tiny微小的；C.wild野生的；D.real真实的。与哥哥游戏里的虚拟外星人相比，蝴蝶等昆虫是真实的生物。故选D项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：利用振动传感器和机器学习，Priya设计了“WingSpace”——一种联网设备，通过昆虫的振翅模式来检测被困的昆虫。A.detect检测；B.follow跟随；C.attract吸引；D.feed喂养。根据后文“Hersensorsdetected87%oftrappedinsects”可知，设备是用来检测被困昆虫的。故选A项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被触发时，它们会发出特定的频率，引导昆虫飞向敞开的窗户。A.doors门；B.windows窗户；C.holes洞；D.spaces空间。根据前文“Amonarchbutterflywastrappedagainstwindowglass”可知，昆虫是被困在窗户玻璃上，所以要引导它们飞向打开的窗户。故选B项。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：学校最初认为她的项目很“小众”。A.finally最后；B.suddenly突然；C.initially最初；D.recently最近。根据后文“ButwhenPriyademonstratedWingSpaceduringspringmigrationweek,biologyteachersgasped.”可知，一开始学校不看好这个项目。故选C项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的传感器检测到了87%的被困昆虫，表现优于人工抽查。A.breaking打破；B.outperforming胜过；C.violating违反；D.overstating夸大。根据前文“biologyteachersgasped(生物老师倒抽了一口气)”和“87%oftrappedinsects”可知，传感器让老师感到吃惊，说明它的检测效果比人工抽查好。故选B项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该系统甚至通过它们独特的振动特征识别出了三种濒危物种。A.dangerous危险的；B.unknown未知的；C.endangered濒危的；D.common常见的。结合常识和“uniquevibrationsignatures”可推知，有独特振动特征的物种很特别，数量不会多，很可能是濒危物种。故选C项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地一家自然保护区采用了她的技术，Priya发现自己正在向睁大眼睛好奇的小学生们解释她的发明。A.adapted适应；B.adopted采用；C.avoided避免；D.admired钦佩。前面介绍它的设备效果很好，结合“naturereserve”和“hertechnology”可推知，保护区采用了她的技术。故选B项。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当地一家自然保