湖南省名校联考联合体2025-2026学年高二上学期11月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省名校联考联合体2025-2026学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHopeStartsHere,andItContinues:Celebrating15YearsofSanctuaryofHopeAboutThisEventJoinSanctuary(庇护所)ofHope(SOH)aswecelebrate15yearsofprovidinghope,transformation,andsanctuarytoyoungpeopleinLosAngeles.Thisspecialeventisachancetohonortheincrediblejourneyofourorganizationandtheliveswe’vetouched.EventDetails·Date:Thursday,October23,2025·Time:5:30PM-8:30PM·Location:TheGuestHouse,4391W.Mt.VernonDr.,ViewPark,CA90043·Tickets:$100WhattoExpect·StoriesofImpact:HeardirectlyfromtheyoungleaderswhohavebeenempoweredbySOH’sprogramsandservices.·ExclusiveDocumentarySneakpeek(独家纪录片抢先看):Getafirstlookatourinspiringnewdocumentary,highlightingtheDestinationsprogramandmissionofSanctuaryofHope.·NetworkingandCommunity:Connectwithsupporters,staff,andothercommunitymemberswhoarepassionateaboutmakingadifference.·DeliciousEats&MusicYourattendance(出席)helpsuscontinueourvitalworkofprovidinghousing,education,andsupporttoat-riskandlow-incomeyouth.FrequentlyAskedQuestions·Wherewilltheeventbeheld?Outdoorsataprivatehouse,withlimitedindooraccess.·Willtherebeenoughparking?Yes,therewillbeavaletservice(代客泊车服务)availablealongwithlimitedstreetparking.·Whatisthedresscode?Californiastylish,businessorbusinesscasual.1.Whatdothejoinersneedtopayforaccordingtothetext?A.Eventsign-up. B.Deliciousfood.C.Parkingservice. D.Documentaryviewing.2.WhowillsharestoriesatSOH?A.SOHstaff. B.YoungleadersempoweredbySOH.C.Communitysupporters. D.Documentarymakers.3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tothankdonors. B.Toentertainreaders.C.Toaskforattendance. D.TointroduceSOH.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“希望庇护所”（SanctuaryofHope,SOH）成立15周年的庆祝活动。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“EventDetails”部分中“Tickets:$100(门票：100美元)”可知，参与者需支付活动报名费用。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“WhattoExpect”部分中“StoriesofImpact:HeardirectlyfromtheyoungleaderswhohavebeenempoweredbySOH’sprogramsandservices.(有影响的故事分享：直接聆听被SOH项目和服务赋能的年轻领袖的故事)”可知，分享故事的是被SOH赋能的年轻领袖。故选B项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据“DeliciousEats&Music”部分中的“Yourattendance(出席)helpsuscontinueourvitalworkofprovidinghousing,education,andsupporttoat-riskandlow-incomeyouth.(你的出席将帮助我们继续为弱势及低收入青年提供住房、教育和支持的重要工作)”以及通读全文可知，文章“介绍了希望庇护所”（SanctuaryofHope,SOH）成立15周年庆祝活动的详细信息（包括日期、时间、地点、门票）、活动亮点（影响故事分享、纪录片抢先看、社交机会等）以及参与活动的意义。由此推知，作者写作目的邀请公众出席此活动。故选C项。BLocatedatanaltitude(海拔)ofover4,500metersabovesealevelinBurangcountyofNgariprefecture,SouthwestChina’sXizangautonomousregion,MapamYumcoLake—alsocalledLakeManasarovar—holdstwoimportanttitles:oneoftheworld’shighestfreshwaterlakesand“MotherofRivers”,asitswatersfeedtheheadwaters(上游源头)oftheGanges,Indus,Sutlej,andYarlungZangbo,supportinglifebeyondtheHimalayas.Foroveradecade,42-year-oldDradulhasdevotedhimselftoguardingthispreciousecosystem.AtypicalworkdayforDradulbeginswitha10-kilometermotorcyclepatrol(巡逻)bymid-morning,followingafixedroutearoundthelake.Hisbagisalwaysstockedwithessentials:binoculars(双筒望远镜)toscanforwaterbirds,anotebooktorecordwildlifespecies,wildlifenumbers,weather,andwaterlevels,andgarbagebagstocollectrubbish.Healsocarriesa“life-savingkit”—zanba,drinkingwater,athickcoat,asunmask,andsimpletoolsforhelpinginjuredanimals.Onenotablerescuesawhimandhiscolleagues,alongwithlocalofficials,freeatrappedwildYak(牦牛);theytiedropesarounditshornsandpulledinchbyinch;thentheywaited30minutestoensuretheanimalcouldwalkandeatgrassagain.Dradulispartofa90-guardianteamresponsiblefornearly99,000hectaresofthewetland,about69,000hectaresofitbeingthelake.Theirwork—patrolling,recording,rescuinganimals,andremindingtouristsnottothrowrubbisheverywhereordamagegrasslands—has,increasedbiodiversity:thewetlandnowhosts411plantspeciesand157vertebrates(脊椎动物).ForDradul,thisroleislife-changing.Before2014,hemovedbetweenunstableshort-termjobs;now,heearnsaregular2,000yuanmonthlyandfeelsproudtoprotectthelake.“It’snotjustwork,”hesays.“It’skeepingthelakecleanformychildrenandgrandchildren.”Yetchallengescontinue:climatechangemelts(融化)glaciersandchangesshorelines.Sometouristsbreakrules,andremoteareascan’tbepatrolleddaily.Dradulhopesfordrones(无人机)toaidpatrolsandmoreyoungpeopletojoin.“Withsincereheartsandhardwork,”hesays,“MapamYumcoLakewillnevergrowold.”4.WhyisMapamYumcoLakecalled“MotherofRivers”?A.Itistheworld’shighestfreshwaterlake.B.ItsupportsbiodiversitybeyondtheHimalayas.C.Itswatersuppliestheheadwatersofmajorrivers.D.Itisguardedbyaprofessionalteamof90people.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stocked”inparagraph2mean?A.Fixed. B.Equipped. C.Connected. D.Decorated.6.HowdoesDradulviewhisrole?A.Asonlyasourceofregularincome. B.Asasignificantlifelongduty.C.Asachallengingpressure. D.Asashort-timejob.7.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.ALakeinXizangB.Dradul’sDailyHobbiesC.ChallengesofProtectingLakesD.High-altitudeTaskstoBeProudof【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了位于中国西南部西藏自治区阿里地区普兰县海拔4500多米的玛旁雍错湖（又称玛纳斯鲁湖）的生态重要性，以及一位名叫Dradul的守护者如何致力于保护这一珍贵生态系统的工作和挑战。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“MapamYumcoLake—alsocalledLakeManasarovar—holdstwoimportanttitles:oneoftheworld’shighestfreshwaterlakesand“MotherofRivers”,asitswatersfeedtheheadwaters(上游源头)oftheGanges,Indus,Sutlej,andYarlungZangbo,supportinglifebeyondtheHimalayas.(玛旁雍错湖——又称玛纳斯鲁湖——拥有两个重要的称号：世界上海拔最高的淡水湖之一和“万河之母”，因为它的水滋养了恒河、印度河、萨特莱杰河和雅鲁藏布江的源头，支撑着喜马拉雅山脉以外的生命。)”可知，玛旁雍错湖被称为“万河之母”是因为它的水滋养了多条主要河流的源头。故选C项。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Hisbagisalwaysstockedwithessentials:binoculars(双筒望远镜)toscanforwaterbirds,anotebooktorecordwildlifespecies,wildlifenumbers,weather,andwaterlevels,andgarbagebagstocollectrubbish.(他的包里总是stocked必需品：用于观察水鸟的双筒望远镜、记录野生动物种类、数量、天气和水位的笔记本，以及收集垃圾的垃圾袋。)”可知，他的包里总是装着必需品，所以stocked意为“装备，装着”。故选B项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“ForDradul,thisroleislife-changing.Before2014,hemovedbetweenunstableshort-termjobs;now,heearnsaregular2,000yuanmonthlyandfeelsproudtoprotectthelake.“It’snotjustwork,”hesays.“It’skeepingthelakecleanformychildrenandgrandchildren.”(对Dradul来说，这个角色改变了他的生活。2014年之前，他在不稳定的工作之间转换；现在，他每月有固定的2000元收入，并为保护这个湖感到自豪。“这不仅仅是工作，”他说。“这是为了我的子孙后代保持湖泊的清洁。”)”可知，Dradul认为他的角色是一个重要的终身职责。故选B项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Foroveradecade,42-year-oldDradulhasdevotedhimselftoguardingthispreciousecosystem.(十多年来，42岁的Dradul一直致力于守护这个珍贵的生态系统。)”以及纵观全文可知，全文核心围绕“高海拔湖泊玛旁雍错的守护者工作”展开，既介绍了德拉杜尔等守护者在高海拔环境下的具体任务(巡逻、记录、救助等)，也强调了这份工作的意义(守护生态、传承未来)与价值。D选项“High-altitudeTaskstoBeProudof(值得骄傲的高海拔任务)”既点明了工作的“高海拔”场景，也体现了工作的价值感，能概括全文主旨。故选D项。CScientistsatWashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicineinSt.Louishaveuncoveredanewwaythatbrownfatcanimprovethebody’smetabolism(新陈代谢).Thisprocessallowscellstousemorefuelandproduceheat,improvingoverallmetabolichealth.Conductedinmice,theresearchpointstonewpossibilitiesforusingbrownfattoaddressmetabolicconditions.Brownfatisknownforitsabilitytoturnenergyfromfoodintoheat.Unlikewhitefat,whichstoresenergy,ormuscle,whichusesenergyimmediately,brownfathelpskeepthebodywarmincoldenvironments.Beingexposedtocoldcanincreasetheamountofbrownfat,andscientistshavelongsuggestedthatturningitoncouldsupportweightlossbyincreasingcalorieburning.“We’veidentifiedthebodycanburnmoreenergybyhelpingbrownfatproducemoreheat,”saidseniorauthorIrfanLodhi,PhD.Promotingthiskindofmetabolicprocesscouldsupportweightlossorweightcontrolinawaythatisperhapseasiertomaintainovertimethantraditionaldietingandexercise.It’saprocessthatbasicallywastesenergy—increasingrestingenergyuse—butthat’sagoodthingifyou’retryingtoloseweight.”Whilehumanbodiescanproducefattyacids(酸)(theonesbrownfatusesforheatgeneration),theyarealsofoundindairyproductsandhumanbreastmilk.Lodhisaidthisraisesthepossibilitythatadietaryintervention(干预)basedonthesefattyacids—suchasaspecialfoodor“nutritionalsupplement”—couldstrengthenthisheat-productionpathwayandenlargeitspotentialbenefits.“Whileourstudiesareinmice,thereisevidencetosuggestthispathwayisusefulinpeople,”Lodhisaid.“Previousstudieshavefoundthatindividualswithhigherlevelsofthesefattyacidstendtohavelowerpotentialstobeoverweight.Butsinceonedoesnotcausetheother,ourlong-termgoalistotestwhetherdietaryorothertreatmentscouldbehelpfulindialingupthisheatproductionpathwayinperoxisomes(过氧化物酶体)andhelpingpeopleloseweightandimprovetheirmetabolichealth.”8.Howisparagraph2developed?A.Bymakingcomparisons. B.Byexplainingreasons.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bypresentingdata.9.Whatwouldtheauthoragreewithaccordingtothetext?A.Brownfatharmsmetabolism. B.Brownfataidsweightloss.C.Whitefatproducesheat. D.Musclestoresenergy.10.Whichistheresearch’sfuturefocusaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Toincreasebrownfatamount.B.Totestifdietarytreatmentsareeffective.C.Toproducemorefattyacids.D.Toprovethemicestudytrue.11.WhatisLodhi’sattitudetotheresearch?A.Critical. B.Unclear. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了华盛顿大学医学院的科学家发现棕色脂肪通过产生热量改善新陈代谢，并探讨了其在体重管理和代谢健康方面的潜在应用。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Brownfatisknownforitsabilitytoturnenergyfromfoodintoheat.Unlikewhitefat,whichstoresenergy,ormuscle,whichusesenergyimmediately,brownfathelpskeepthebodywarmincoldenvironments.(棕色脂肪以其将食物中的能量转化为热量的能力而闻名。与储存能量的白色脂肪或立即使用能量的肌肉不同，棕色脂肪有助于在寒冷环境中保持身体温暖。)”可知，第二段通过将棕色脂肪与白色脂肪和肌肉进行对比，说明了棕色脂肪的独特功能。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Promotingthiskindofmetabolicprocesscouldsupportweightlossorweightcontrolinawaythatisperhapseasiertomaintainovertimethantraditionaldietingandexercise.(促进这种代谢过程可能有助于减肥或控制体重，这种方式可能比传统的节食和锻炼更容易长期维持。)”可知，作者认为棕色脂肪有助于减肥。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Butsinceonedoesnotcausetheother,ourlong-termgoalistotestwhetherdietaryorothertreatmentscouldbehelpfulindialingupthisheatproductionpathwayinperoxisomes(过氧化物酶体)andhelpingpeopleloseweightandimprovetheirmetabolichealth.(但由于两者并非因果关系，我们的长期目标是测试饮食或其他治疗方法是否有助于提高过氧化物酶体中的这种产热途径，帮助人们减轻体重并改善代谢健康状况。)”可知，研究的未来重点是测试饮食或其他治疗方法是否有效。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Whileourstudiesareinmice,thereisevidencetosuggestthispathwayisusefulinpeople,”Lodhisaid.“Previousstudieshavefoundthatindividualswithhigherlevelsofthesefattyacidstendtohavelowerpotentialstobeoverweight.Butsinceonedoesnotcausetheother,ourlong-termgoalistotestwhetherdietaryorothertreatmentscouldbehelpfulindialingupthisheatproductionpathwayinperoxisomes(过氧化物酶体)andhelpingpeopleloseweightandimprovetheirmetabolichealth.”(“虽然我们的研究是在老鼠身上进行的，但有证据表明这一途径对人类也有用。”Lodhi说，“先前的研究发现，这些脂肪酸水平较高的人超重的可能性往往较低。但由于两者并非因果关系，我们的长期目标是测试饮食或其他治疗方法是否有助于提高过氧化物酶体中的这种产热途径，帮助人们减轻体重并改善代谢健康状况。”)”可知，Lodhi认为研究对人类也有用，并表示了长期的研究目标，说明他对这项研究持积极态度。故选D。DMostofusrarelyquestiontheaccuracy(准确性)oftheGPSdotthatshowsourlocationonamap.Yetwhenvisitinganewcityandusingourphonetonavigate(导航),itcanseemasifwearejumpingfromonespottoanother,eventhoughwearewalkingsteadilyalongthesamesidewalk.“Citiesarehardforsatellitenavigation,”explainedArdeshirMohamadi.Mohamadi,adoctoralfellowattheNorwegianUniversityofScienceandTechnology(NTNU),isresearchinghowtomakeaffordableGPSreceivers(likethosefoundinsmartphonesandfitnesswatches)muchmoreaccuratewithoutdependingonexpensiveexternalcorrectionservices.Highaccuracyisespeciallyimportantforvehiclesthatdrivethemselves—autonomousorself-drivingcars.MohamadiandhisteamatNTNUhavedevelopedanewsystemthatallowsautonomousvehiclestonavigatesafelythroughbusycityenvironments.“Incities,glassandconcrete(混凝土)makesatellitesignalsreflectbackandforth.Tallbuildingsblocktheview,andwhatworksperfectlyonanopenmotorwayisnotsogoodwhenyouenterabuilt-uparea,”saidMohamadi.WhenGPSsignalsreflectoffbuildings,theytakelongertoreachthereceiver.Thisdelay(延迟)throwsoffthecalculationofdistancetothesatellites,whichmakesthereportedpositioninaccurate.Suchurbanenvironmentsareknownas“urbancanyons”.Itissimilartobeingatthebottomofadeepvalley,wheresignalsreachyouonlyaftermultiplereflectionsfromthewalls.“Forautonomousvehicles,thismakesthedifferencebetweenconfident,safebehaviorandhesitant,unreliabledriving.ThatiswhywedevelopedSmartNav,atypeofpositioningtechnologydesignedfor‘urbancanyons’,”explainedMohamadi.Notonlyarethesatellitesignalsdisrupted(受干扰)downbetweenthetallbuildings,butthesignalsthatarecorrectdonothaveenoughaccuracy.Inordertosolvethisproblem,theresearchershavecombinedseveraldifferenttechnologiestocorrectthesignal.Theresultisacomputerprogramthatcanbeintegrated(合并)intothenavigationsystemofautonomousvehicles.12.WhatisMohamadi’sresearchgoal?A.TocutGPScost. B.Tomakenewsmartphones.C.ToimproveGPSreceivers’accuracy. D.Tocreatenewcorrectionservices.13.WhydoGPSsignalsfailincities?A.Signalsreflectandareblocked. B.Satellitesworkpoorlyincities.C.Phoneslacknavigationapps. D.Userswalktooslowly.14.WhatcanweinferaboutSmartNav?A.It’sacheapphoneapp. B.Itneedsnewsatellites.C.It’sforopenmotorways. D.Ithelpsself-drivingsafety.15.Whatwillbetheresultoftheresearchprobably?A.Asignal-correctingprogram. B.Auser-friendlytypeofself-drivingcar.C.AnewGPSreceiver. D.Specialbuildingmaterial.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，介绍了GPS在城市环境中定位不准确的问题，分析了原因，并阐述了挪威科技大学的穆罕默迪及其团队为此研发的适用于“城市峡谷”的定位技术SmartNav，以及通过结合多种技术修正信号以提高自动驾驶汽车导航准确性的方法。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Mohamadi,adoctoralfellowattheNorwegianUniversityofScienceandTechnology(NTNU),isresearchinghowtomakeaffordableGPSreceivers(likethosefoundinsmartphonesandfitnesswatches)muchmoreaccuratewithoutdependingonexpensiveexternalcorrectionservices.(穆罕默迪是挪威科技大学（NTNU）的一名博士生，他正在研究如何使价格实惠的全球定位系统接收器（比如那些安装在智能手机和健身手环中的接收器）具备更高的精度，同时又无需依赖昂贵的外部校正服务)”可知，Mohamadi的研究目标“是提高GPS接收器的准确性”。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Incities,glassandconcrete(混凝土)makesatellitesignalsreflectbackandforth.Tallbuildingsblocktheview,andwhatworksperfectlyonanopenmotorwayisnotsogoodwhenyouenterabuilt-uparea(在城市中，玻璃和混凝土会促使卫星信号来回反射。高楼大厦会阻挡视线，而在开阔的高速公路上效果良好的情况，在进入建筑物密集区域时就未必适用了)”可知，城市中GPS信号失效的核心原因是信号反射且被阻挡。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段““Forautonomousvehicles,thismakesthedifferencebetweenconfident,safebehaviorandhesitant,unreliabledriving.ThatiswhywedevelopedSmartNav,atypeofpositioningtechnologydesignedfor‘urbancanyons’,”explainedMohamadi.(“对于自动驾驶汽车而言，这关乎其是能表现出自信、安全的驾驶行为，还是会出现犹豫、不可靠的情况。这就是我们开发SmartNav的原因，这是一种专为‘城市峡谷’设计的定位技术。”莫哈马迪解释道)”可知，对自动驾驶汽车而言，定位准确性决定“安全行驶”与“不可靠行驶”的区别，而SmartNav正是为解决这一问题开发的，由此可推断其“有助于自动驾驶安全”。故选D。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段“Theresultisacomputerprogramthatcanbeintegrated(合并)intothenavigationsystemofautonomousvehicles.(其结果是开发出了一款能够与自动驾驶车辆的导航系统相融合的计算机程序)”可知，研究通过“结合多种技术校正信号”，最终成果是“可集成到自动驾驶汽车导航系统中的计算机程序”，即“信号校正程序”。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ofallthestudytipsoutthere,theoneIusethemosttorememberthingsisassociation.____16____Thatconnectioncanhelpyoulaterwhenyouthinkoftheassociateditem,whichwillinspirethesecondonetopopinyourbrain.Herearesomeoftheeasiestwaystouseitwhenyou’retryingtoimproveyourmemory.Makeupamnemonic(助记的)phrase.Inprimaryschool,wealllearnedmnemonicphrases,like“MyVeryEducatedMotherJustSatUponNinePizzas”.Thatonewasdesignedtohelpusrememberthenamesandordersoftheplanetsbystartingeachwordinthesentencewiththefirstletterofitscorresponding(相应的)planet:Mercury,Venus,Earth,etc.Loadsofresearchshowsmnemonicdevicestrulyhelpremember.____17____Butiftheabsurdity(荒诞)ofmotherssittinguponpizzasworksbetterforyou,runwithit.____18____Startbyorganizingwhatyouneedtostudyandlookforanythingthatmightrhyme—butmakesureitallstaysinorderifitneedsto.Useatuneyouknowormakeuparhymeonthespot,butrepeatittoyourselfoverandoveruntilitsticks.Asanexample,let’slookatthefirstfourbasicstepstotakebeforeconductingresearch:Identifyinganddevelopingyourtopic,searchingforexistingresearch,locatingmaterials,andevaluatingyoursources.____19____It’ssomethinglike,“Identifywhatyouwanttoknow/butcheckwho’sdoneitbeforeyougo/nowyoufindthetoolstohelp/andjudgetheworkofsomeoneelse.”Paintamentalpicture.ThisiswhatIdomostoften.Icreatelittlescenesforgroupsofwordsandpaintamentalpicturethathelpsmerememberthem.Forinstance,theothernightIwashelpingmyboyfriendstudyaccountinganddiscoveredthat“bookvalue”,“carryingvalue”,and“netrealizablevalue”allrefertothesamething.Tohelphimrememberthat,Isuggestedimaginingalittleguycarryingabookandanet.Thebookcouldbeinthenetorthelittleguycouldbecarryingthembothseparately.____20____A.Arhymehereforthefourstepscouldbeavailable,B.Makinguplittlerhymesorsongsisalsobeneficial.C.It’sanyconnectionyoucanformbetweentwoitems.D.Butonceyouimaginethescene,it’shardtoforgetit.E.Iprefertomakeupasentencethatsomehowappliestomyreallife.F.Soitmakesnosenseorhasnothingtodowiththerealtopicathand.G.Associationisessentialtolearningtheoryandbehaviorism.【答案】16.C17.E18.B19.A20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过联想记忆法来提高记忆力的几种方法，包括编助记短语、编押韵小诗或歌曲以及在脑海中描绘画面。【16题详析】由上文“Ofallthestudytipsoutthere,theoneIusethemosttorememberthingsisassociation.(在所有的学习技巧中，我最常用的是联想记忆法。)”及下文“Thatconnectioncanhelpyoulaterwhenyouthinkoftheassociateditem,whichwillinspirethesecondonetopopinyourbrain.(当你想到相关的事物时，这种联系会在以后帮助你，它会激发第二个事物出现在你的脑海里。)”可知，本空应解释什么是“联想记忆法”。C选项“It’sanyconnectionyoucanformbetweentwoitems.(它是你在两个事物之间可以建立的任何联系。)”符合题意，对“联想记忆法”进行了定义，且下文的“Thatconnection”指代的就是C选项中的“connection”。故选C。【17题详析】由上文“Makeupamnemonic(助记的)phrase.Inprimaryschool,wealllearnedmnemonicphrases,like“MyVeryEducatedMotherJustSatUponNinePizzas”.Thatonewasdesignedtohelpusrememberthenamesandordersoftheplanetsbystartingeachwordinthesentencewiththefirstletterofitscorresponding(相应的)planet:Mercury,Venus,Earth,etc.Loadsofresearchshowsmnemonicdevicestrulyhelpremember.(编一个助记短语。在小学时，我们都学过助记短语，比如“MyVeryEducatedMotherJustSatUponNinePizzas(我那位受过良好教育的母亲刚刚坐在九张披萨上)”。这个短语的设计目的是通过让句子中的每个单词以其对应行星（水星、金星、地球等）英文名称的首字母开头，来帮助我们记住行星的名称和顺序。大量研究表明，助记工具确实有助于记忆。)”及下文“Butiftheabsurdity(荒诞)ofmotherssittinguponpizzasworksbetterforyou,runwithit.(但是，如果母亲坐在披萨上的荒诞对你更有效，那就用它吧。)”可知，本空应提出一种与“荒诞短语”不同的助记句创作方式。E选项“Iprefertomakeupasentencethatsomehowappliestomyreallife.(我更喜欢编一个与我的现实生活有某种联系的句子。)”符合题意，且与下文形成转折关系，下文指出如果荒诞的句子更有效也可以用，说明作者推荐的方法不是唯一的。故选E。【18题详析】由下文“Startbyorganizingwhatyouneedtostudyandlookforanythingthatmightrhyme—butmakesureitallstaysinorderifitneedsto.Useatuneyouknowormakeuparhymeonthespot,butrepeatittoyourselfoverandoveruntilitsticks.(首先整理你需要学习的内容，寻找任何可能押韵的东西——但如果有必要，确保所有内容都保持有序。使用你知道的曲调或当场编一首押韵的诗，但一遍又一遍地重复给自己听，直到记住为止。)”可知，本空应提出使用押韵或歌曲来帮助记忆的方法。B选项“Makinguplittlerhymesorsongsisalsobeneficial.(编一些押韵的小诗或歌曲也是有益的。)”符合题意，且下文是对B选项的具体解释。故选B。【19题详析】由上文“Asanexample,let’slookatthefirstfourbasicstepstotakebeforeconductingresearch:Identifyinganddevelopingyourtopic,searchingforexistingresearch,locatingmaterials,andevaluatingyoursources.(举个例子，让我们看看在进行研究之前要采取的前四个基本步骤：确定并发展你的主题，搜索现有的研究，定位材料，评估你的来源。)”及下文“It’ssomethinglike,“Identifywhatyouwanttoknow/butcheckwho’sdoneitbeforeyougo/nowyoufindthetoolstohelp/andjudgetheworkofsomeoneelse.”(就像这样，“确定你想知道什么/但在你去之前先看看谁做过/现在你找到了帮助的工具/并判断别人的工作。”)”可知，本空应提出为这四个步骤编押韵诗的建议。A选项“Arhymehereforthefourstepscouldbeavailable,(这里可以为这四个步骤编一首押韵诗，)”符合题意，且下文是对A选项的具体示例。故选A。【20题详析】由上文“Forinstance,theothernightIwashelpingmyboyfriendstudyaccountinganddiscoveredthat“bookvalue”,“carryingvalue”,and“netrealizablevalue”allrefertothesamething.Tohelphimrememberthat,Isuggestedimaginingalittleguycarryingabookandanet.Thebookcouldbeinthenetorthelittleguycouldbecarryingthembothseparately.(例如，前几天晚上我在帮男朋友学习会计，发现“账面价值”、“账面净值”和“可变现净值”都指的是同一件事。为了帮助他记住这一点，我建议想象一个小家伙拿着一本书和一张网。书可以在网里，或者小家伙可以分别拿着它们。)”可知，本空应总结这种想象场景对记忆的帮助。D选项“Butonceyouimaginethescene,it’shardtoforgetit.(但是一旦你想象出这个场景，就很难忘记它。)”符合题意，与上文形成因果关系。故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)WhenTanyaEbywasinsixthgrade,herclosefriendsmadeadecisionthattheywouldbedistantfromher.First,herclosestfriendstoldhershewasnolongercoolenoughtohangoutwiththem—they’d____21____her,cuttingheroutofthegroup.Butthis____22____wasjustthetipoftheiceberg.Eby’sworld____23____—butthelossofherfriendswasonlypartofthestory.Afewmonthsearlier,hermomandstepdadhaddecidedto____24____herbrother—her“anchor(锚)inlife”—tolivewithherdad.Overnight,hewasgone;shewokeuponemorningtoa(n)____25____spacethatbrokeherheart.Soonafter,herstepdadlefttoo,leavingherwiththesensethateveryonesheloved____26____withoutaword.____27____,Ebycouldn’tholdbacktearsinclassoneday,andherteacher,Mrs.Welch,pulledherintotheteachers’lounge(休息室)tofindoutwhatwaswrong.Eby____28____outeverything—thefriends,thebrother,the____29____.Welchdidn’tsaymuch,justsoftlysaid,“OH,honey,”pulledherclose,andhuggedhertight,lettinghercryaslongassheneeded.And____30____herhugcenteredher.Thathugrootedher,makingherfeelshe’dbesafeand____31____.Schoolendedandafewyearslater,Eby____32____withherbrotherbutneversawWelchagain.In2002,whenteachingcollegewriting,sherealizedthatsmallhuglefta(n)____33____mark—ittaughthertoseestudents’hidden____34____.Over40yearslater,shestillsays:“Kindnessisn’tbigacts.Small,caringmomentscanchangealifeforever.”She____35____allthattoMrs.Welch.21.A.impress B.admire C.ignore D.locate22.A.consequence B.measure C.opinion D.pain23.A.brokedown B.wentaway C.paidoff D.lightedup24.A.invite B.send C.welcome D.search25.A.unique B.clean C.empty D.narrow26.A.quitted B.suffered C.admitted D.disappeared27.A.Fortunately B.Definitely C.Eventually D.Obviously28.A.poured B.found C.reached D.left29.A.helplessness B.membership C.disappointment D.community30.A.otherwise B.somehow C.therefore D.anyway31.A.fine B.sound C.content D.right32.A.combined B.reconnected C.cooperated D.agreed33.A.promising B.missing C.appealing D.lasting34.A.struggles B.potentials C.secrets D.thoughts35.A.applies B.attaches C.refers D.credits【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.C26.D27.C28.A29.A30.B31.A32.B33.D34.A35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了六年级时，坦尼娅・埃比遭遇好友疏远、哥哥和继父相继离开的打击，在课堂崩溃后，威尔奇老师的一个拥抱安抚了她。这个微小善举影响她数十年，让她明白小而暖心的瞬间能改变人生。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，她最亲密的朋友们告诉她，她已经不再有足够“酷”的魅力去和她们一起出去玩了——她们会不再理会她，把她从这个群体中排除出去。A.impress使印象深刻；B.admire欣赏；C.ignore不理睬；D.locate定位。根据后文“cuttingheroutofthegroup”可知，她的朋友不再理会她了。故选C。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这种痛苦只是冰山一角。A.consequence结果；B.measure措施；C.opinion观点；D.pain痛苦。根据上文“cuttingheroutofthegroup”可知，朋友排挤她，让她痛苦。故选D。【23题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：埃比的世界彻底崩塌了——但失去朋友只是这个故事的一部分内容。A.brokedown崩塌，出故障；B.wentaway离开；C.paidoff取得成功；D.lightedup点亮。根据上文“herclosestfriendstoldhershewasnolongercoolenoughtohangoutwiththem”可知，朋友的排挤让她的世界崩塌了。故选A。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月前，她的母亲和继父决定把她弟弟（她生活中的依靠）送回她父亲身边去生活。A.invite邀请；B.send发送；C.welcome欢迎；D.search搜索。根据后文“herbrother—her“anchorinlife”—tolivewithherdad”可知，她的母亲和继父决定把她弟弟（她生活中的依靠）送回她父亲身边去生活。短语sendsb.to表示“送某人……”。故选B。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一夜之间，他就离开了；某天早晨，她醒来时发现房间里空无一人，这让她心碎不已。A.unique独特的；B.clean干净的；C.empty空的；D.narrow狭窄的。根据上文“Overnight,hewasgone”可知，亲人离开，房间里空无一人。故选C。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，她的继父也离开了，这让她感到无比失落，仿佛她所爱的每一个人就这样悄无声息地离她而去。A.quitted停止；B.suffered遭受；C.admitted承认；D.disappeared消失。根据上文“hewasgone”以及“herstepdadlefttoo”可知，她所爱的每一个人消失了，悄无声息地离她而去。故选D。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，在一天的课堂上，埃比忍不住在教室里落下了眼泪。她的老师韦尔奇女士便把她拉到教师休息室，询问她到底怎么了。A.Fortunately幸运地；B.Definitely肯定；C.Eventually最终；D.Obviously显然。根据后文“Ebycouldn’tholdbacktearsinclassoneday”可知，一件件打击让埃比在教室里最终落泪。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃比倾诉了一切——那些朋友、弟弟以及那种无助感。A.poured倾诉；B.found找到；C.reached到达；D.left离开。根据后文“outeverything—thefriends,thebrother”可知，埃比倾诉了自己遭遇。故选A。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃比倾诉了一切——那些朋友、弟弟以及那种无助感。A.helplessness无助；B.membership会员；C.disappointment失望；D.community社区。根据上文“herclosestfriendstoldhershewasnolongercoolenoughtohangoutwiththem”以及“Soonafter,herstepdadlefttoo,leavingherwiththesensethateveryoneshelovedwithoutaword.”可知，朋友和家人的离开让她无助。故选A。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：而不知怎的，她的拥抱让她重新找到了方向。A.otherwise否则；B.somehow不知怎么；C.therefore因此；D.anyway不管怎样。根据上文“Welchdidn’tsaymuch,justsoftlysaid,“OH,honey,”pulledherclose,andhuggedhertight,lettinghercryaslongassheneeded.(韦尔奇没说太多话，只是轻声说道：“哦，亲爱的。”然后将她紧紧地抱在怀里，让她尽情地哭泣，直到她想要停止为止)”以及后文“herhugcenteredher”可知，不知怎的，她的拥抱让她重新找到了方向。故选B。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个拥抱给了她力量，让她觉得自己会安然无恙、一切安好。A.fine好的；B.sound无损伤的；C.content满足的；D.right正确的。根据上文“makingherfeelshe’dbesafeand”可知，拥抱让她觉得自己会安然无恙、一切安好。故选A。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校毕业了，几年之后，埃比与她的弟弟重新取得了联系，但再也没有见过韦尔奇。A.combined结合；B.reconnected再连接；C.cooperated合作；D.agreed同意。根据上文“Overnight,hewasgone”以及后文“withherbrother”可知，埃比与她的弟弟重新取得了联系，故选B。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2002年，在教授大学写作课程时，她意识到小小的拥抱能留下持久的影响——它让她能够察觉到学生内心深处的挣扎。A.promising有希望的；B.missing失踪的；C.appealing吸引人的；D.lasting持久的。根据后文“ittaughthertos