山东省滨州市惠民县2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省滨州市惠民县2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAsdarknessfalls,America’snationalparksrevealoneoftheirgreatestwonders:aclearnightsky.Fromremotedesertstodeepcanyons,theseprotectedlandsbecomegatewaystotheuniverse,offeringsomeoftheplanet’smostbreathtakingstargazing.Forthosereadytoexplorethisafter-darkwonder,herearethepremierparkstowitnesstheuniverse’snightlyperformance.ZionNationalParkAsthesunsetsandcolorsthecanyonwalls,Zionbecomesalmostcompletelydark.Tolearnaboutthesecretsofspace,joinaguidedtourwithStargazingZion.FinishthiswonderfulexperiencebystayingatacomfortablecampingresortlikeOpenSkyZion,whereyoucanrestbyacampfireunderthestars.MammothCaveNationalParkWhileknownforhavingtheworld’slongestcavesystem,thisparkisalsogreatabovegroundasanofficialInternationalDarkSkyPark.Foraspecialtrip,booktheStarChamberLanternTour,whereyoucanseethecave’sroofshinelikeastarrysky.Stayovernightataforestcottageoraparkcampingareatoenjoynaturefully.JoshuaTreeNationalParkSittingonlyafewhoursfromLosAngeles,JoshuaTreegivescitypeopleaperfectbreaktoenjoyofficiallydarkskies.JoinatourwithSkyWatcherorvisitSky’sTheLimitObservatory.Forthebestwatching,getaplaceatCottonwoodCampgroundinsidethepark.BigBendNationalPark,TexasInfar-offTexas,BigBendhasthedarkestskiesinthemainpartoftheUnitedStates.Parkguardsorganizestarpartiesandmoonlitwalksatnoextracharge.Foraspecialstay,bookastar-watchingdomeatTheSummitatBigBend,whichhasaglassroofforlookingatspacefromyourbed.Formorewildnature,theBigBendRanchStateParkprovidesover350,000moreacresofdarkskyheaven.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoatMammothCaveNationalPark?A.Joinaguidedstargazingtour. B.Experienceaman-madestarlightshow.C.Visitanearbyobservatory. D.Walkunderthemoonlightwithparkguards.2.Whichparkprovidesfreeactivities?A.ZionNationalPark. B.MammothCaveNationalPark.C.JoshuaTreeNationalPark. D.BigBendNationalPark.3.Whereisthisarticlemostlikelyfrom?A.Anastronomyjournal. B.Atravelwebsite.C.Anadventurenovel. D.Anenvironmentalreport.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个适合观星的顶级国家公园——锡安国家公园、猛犸洞国家公园、约书亚树国家公园和德克萨斯州大弯曲国家公园。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据MammothCaveNationalPark部分“Foraspecialtrip,booktheStarChamberLanternTour,whereyoucanseethecave’sroofshinelikeastarrysky.(想要一次特别的旅行，可以预订星室灯笼之旅，在那里你可以看到洞穴顶部像星空一样闪耀)”以及该公园是“官方国际暗夜公园”可知，游客在猛犸洞国家公园可以体验一场人造星光秀。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据BigBendNationalPark,Texas部分“Parkguardsorganizestarpartiesandmoonlitwalksatnoextracharge.(公园管理员会免费组织星空派对和月光漫步活动)”可知，大弯曲国家公园提供免费活动。故选D。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Forthosereadytoexplorethisafter-darkwonder,herearethepremierparkstowitnesstheuniverse’snightlyperformance.(对于那些准备好探索这一夜后奇观的人，这里是见证宇宙夜间演出的顶级公园)”可知，文章核心是推荐适合观星的美国国家公园，详细介绍了每个公园的观星亮点、推荐活动及住宿选择，内容具有明显的旅游指导属性。由此推测来自旅游网站，故选B。BIsabellaDucrot,anItalianartistbornin1931,isbecominginternationallyfamousforherartonlyrecently,eventhoughshedidn’tstartcreatingituntilshewasinherfifties.Ducrotcreatesherartbystandingandsweepingloosestrokeofinkorpaintontopaperorfabric(布料),sometimesusingabrushattachedtoastick.Sheoftenaddspiecesofotherpapersorfabricstocreatepictures.Herworks,typicallymadeinseries,featurejoyfulfigures,simplelandscapes,andrepeatingpatternslikeovals(椭圆)andsquares.Fulloflife,color,andasenseoffreedom,herartfeelssofreshandenergeticthatamuseuminFrancehascalledher,inasurprisingway,“ayoungartistwithayoungcareer.”Ducrot’sartisdeeplyrootedinherlifeexperiences.Foryears,sheandherlatehusbandranaluxurytravelbusiness,journeyingfromIndiatoAfghanistanandgatheringauniquecollectionofraretextiles(纺织品).Theseexperiencesandmaterialsnowprovideboththephysicalandconceptualfoundationforherwork.Shebringsimportancetohumbleclothes—thekind“usedtoprotect,wrap,washandcareforthebody”—byincorporating(纳入)themintoherart,makingusreconsidertheboundariesbetweenfineartandtheartofeverydaylife.Herlatesuccessstronglygoesagainstcommonideasaboutolderpeople,especiallyolderwomen.Asoneexpertpointsout,weoftengiveolderwomen“theunclear,andoftenfading,qualityofwisdom,”meaningtheircreativeandpersonalgrowthhasstopped.Ducrot’sclearlyemotionalworkshowsthisisnottrue.“Ithinklife,forwomen,beginsatsixty,”shesays.“Becausethenwebegintobefree.”InherRomanpalazzo,IsabellaDucrotcontinuesherdailywork,watchingasthefiguresinher“Tenderness”seriesslowlyemergefromthecloth.Justlikeherart,herownlifeisamasterpiecethatisstillunfolding.Witheachbrushstrokeshepaintsandpieceoffabricsheadds,sheshowsusasimpletruth:eveninlife’slateryears,creativitycannotonlysurvivebutblossomwithunexpectedfreedomandpower.4.WhatcanweknowaboutDucrot’sart?A.Itiscreatedusingdigitaltoolsandsoftware.B.Itfeaturesrepetitivepatternsandmixedmaterials.C.Itcreatesasenseofcalmandpeacefulness.D.Itshowscomplexhistoricalscenes.5.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A.Hertravelsprovidedartisticinspiration.B.ShebelieveseverydayfabricsareunworthyC.Herartismainlybasedonimagination.D.Shekeepsartseparatefromdailylife.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDucrot?A.Traditionalandreserved B.CreativeandfreeC.determinedandimaginative D.Energeticandgenerous7.WhatmessagedoesDucrot’sstoryconvey?A.Wherethere’sawill,thereisaway.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.It’snevertoolatetostartanewchapterinlife.D.Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要讲述了意大利艺术家IsabellaDucrot在晚年开启艺术创作并取得国际声誉的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sheoftenaddspiecesofotherpapersorfabricstocreatepictures.Herworks,typicallymadeinseries,featurejoyfulfigures,simplelandscapes,andrepeatingpatternslikeovals(椭圆)andsquares.(她经常添加其他纸张或织物的碎片来创作图片。她的作品通常成系列制作，以欢快的人物、简单的风景和椭圆形和正方形等重复的图案为特色。)”可知，她的艺术作品以重复的图案和混合的材料为特色。故选B。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Foryears,sheandherlatehusbandranaluxurytravelbusiness,journeyingfromIndiatoAfghanistanandgatheringauniquecollectionofraretextiles(纺织品).Theseexperiencesandmaterialsnowprovideboththephysicalandconceptualfoundationforherwork.(多年来，她和已故的丈夫经营着一家豪华旅游公司，从印度到阿富汗旅行，收集了一批独特的稀有纺织品。这些经历和材料现在为她的作品提供了物质和概念上的基础。)”可知，她的旅行经历为她提供了艺术灵感。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Fulloflife,color,andasenseoffreedom,herartfeelssofreshandenergeticthatamuseuminFrancehascalledher,inasurprisingway,“ayoungartistwithayoungcareer.”(她的艺术充满了活力、色彩和自由感，让人感到如此新鲜和充满活力，以至于法国的一家博物馆以一种令人惊讶的方式称她为“一位职业生涯刚起步的年轻艺术家”。)”以及最后一段中“Witheachbrushstrokeshepaintsandpieceoffabricsheadds,sheshowsusasimpletruth:eveninlife’slateryears,creativitycannotonlysurvivebutblossomwithunexpectedfreedomandpower.(她画的每一笔，她添加的每一块布料，都向我们展示了一个简单的真理：即使在生命的晚年，创造力不仅能生存，而且能以意想不到的自由和力量绽放。)”可知，Ducrot是一个有创造力和自由的人。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Witheachbrushstrokeshepaintsandpieceoffabricsheadds,sheshowsusasimpletruth:eveninlife’slateryears,creativitycannotonlysurvivebutblossomwithunexpectedfreedomandpower.(她画的每一笔，她添加的每一块布料，都向我们展示了一个简单的真理：即使在生命的晚年，创造力不仅能生存，而且能以意想不到的自由和力量绽放。)”可知，Ducrot的故事传达了“人生永远没有太晚的开始”的信息。故选C。CWhenscientistsappliedanewanalyticalmethodtostudyAtlanticdolphinpopulations,theydiscoveredatroublingtrend:theseintelligentmarinemammalshaveadramaticallyshorterlifespanthaninthepast.AccordingtoresearchfromtheUniversityofColoradoBoulder,femalecommondolphinsnowliveanaverageofsevenyearslessthantheydidin1997.Thisalarmingdeclinethreatensnotonlythedolphinsthemselvesbutalsothedelicateoceanecosystemstheyhelpmaintain.TheBayofBiscay,acrucialwinterhabitatforthesedolphins,hasbecomethecenterofthiscrisis.Whileitsnutrient-richwaterssupportabundantfishpopulationsthatdolphinsfeedon,theareaalsoranksamongEurope’sbusiestfishingzones.Here,dolphinsfrequentlybecomevictimsofbycatch—accidentallycaughtinfishingequipmentmeantforotherspecies.In2021alone,approximately6,900dolphinsdiedthisway.Traditionalpopulationsurveys,whichinvolvedcountingdolphinsfromresearchships,hadpreviouslyindicatedstablenumbers.However,thismethodoftenfailstodetectpopulationdeclinesuntilit’stoolateforeffectiveintervention.Toobtainmoreaccuratedata,scientistsconductedadetailedanalysisof759commondolphinsthattrappedintheshallowwatersofthebaybetween1997and2019.Byexamininggrowthlayersinthedolphins’teeth—similartoreadingtreerings—theresearcherscoulddetermineeachanimal’sageatdeath.Theirfindingsrevealedadisturbingpattern:theaveragelifespanoffemaledolphinshadplummetedfrom24yearstojust17yearsoverthetwo-decadestudyperiod.Thisshortenedlifespanhasresultedinfewerbabydolphinsbeingborn,dramaticallyslowingthepopulation’sgrowthrate.Inresponsetothesefindings,theFrenchgovernmentintroducedanannualone-monthfishingban.Whilethisisastepintherightdirection,researcherspointoutthattheban’sfixedtimingdoesn’tmatchdolphinmigrationpatterns,whichmayreduceitseffectiveness.Astoppredators,dolphinsplayavitalroleinmaintainingbalancedmarineecosystems.Scientistswarnsthattheircontinueddeclinecouldtriggerachaineffectthroughoutthefoodweb,leadingtooverpopulationofsomefishspeciesandpotentialcollapseoftheentiresystem.8.WhatisthemaincauseofdolphinpopulationdeclineintheBayofBiscay?A.Foodshortagefromwaterpollution. B.habitatlossfromcoastaldevelopment.C.Accidentalcaptureinfishtrap. D.competitionwithothermarinespecies.9.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthetraditionalmethodofcountingdolphins?A.Itislesseffectiveatdetectingpopulationproblems.B.Itishighlyaccuratetotracklong-termpopulationchanges.C.Itprovidesusefuldataforpreventingpopulationdeclinesintime.D.Ithasbeencompletelyreplacedbythenewmethodofanalyzingteeth.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plummeted”meaninthefourthparagraph?A.Increasedslightly. B.Remainedstable.C.Droppedsharply. D.Variedregularly.11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostsuitabletitle?A.TheSuccessofDolphinProtectionPrograms.B.TheThreatofFishingbansonMarineLife.C.TheHistoryofDolphinResearchMethods.D.TheCrisisofDecliningDolphinLifespans.【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家通过新分析方法发现大西洋海豚寿命显著缩短的趋势，重点分析了比斯开湾海豚种群减少的核心原因、传统调查方法的局限性，以及海豚寿命缩短对海洋生态系统的影响，同时提及相关保护措施及其不足。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Here,dolphinsfrequentlybecomevictimsofbycatch—accidentallycaughtinfishingequipmentmeantforotherspecies.In2021alone,approximately6,900dolphinsdiedthisway.(在这里，海豚经常成为误捕的受害者——意外被困在针对其他物种的捕鱼设备中。仅2021年一年，就有约6900头海豚因此死亡)”可知，比斯开湾海豚种群减少的主要原因是意外被捕鱼设备捕获。故选C。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Traditionalpopulationsurveys,whichinvolvedcountingdolphinsfromresearchships,hadpreviouslyindicatedstablenumbers.However,thismethodoftenfailstodetectpopulationdeclinesuntilit’stoolateforeffectiveintervention.(传统的种群调查，包括从研究船上计算海豚的数量，以前显示了稳定的数量。然而，然而，这种方法往往在发现种群减少时已来不及采取有效干预措施。)”可知，传统的海豚计数方法在发现种群问题方面效果较差。故选A。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Theirfindingsrevealedadisturbingpattern:theaveragelifespanoffemaledolphinshadplummetedfrom24yearstojust17yearsoverthetwo-decadestudyperiod.(他们的发现揭示了一个令人不安的模式：在二十年的研究期间，雌性海豚的平均寿命从24年plummeted至仅17年)”可知，寿命从24年降至17年，是显著下降的趋势，因此“plummeted”意为“急剧下降”。故选C。【11题详析】主旨大意题。文章开篇点明核心发现——海豚寿命显著缩短，随后围绕这一危机展开，分析原因、传统方法的不足、对生态系统的影响及保护措施。选项D“海豚寿命缩短的危机”全面概括了文章主旨，适合用作标题。故选D。DTrythisquicktest:listentoashort,hard-to-understandparagraphfromaspeech,thentrytosummarizeitsmainpoints.Ifyoustruggletocapturethekeyideas,don’tworry—itoftenmeansyourbrainsrhythmtemporarilymismatchedtheinformationinput.Brainscientistsbelievethewayyourbrainprocessesthelanguageliesinyourbrain’sbuilt-inrhythmicpatterns.Thatis,billionsofnervecellsworktogetherinregularrhythmiccycles,similartoseveralDJplayingdistinctbeatsatanevent.Thesebrainrhythmsactasnaturalpacemakers(节拍器)thatcontrolhowefficientlyweprocessinformation.Justlikedancersmovetothebeatofmusic,ourbrainsworkbestwhenlanguageinputmatchestheirpreferredpace.Ifaspeakertalkstoofastforourbrain’srhythm,wemaymisskeypoints,muchlikedancerswhocan’tkeepupwithspeedingmusic.Ontheotherhand,speechthatistooslowmightcauseourattentiontowander,similartotryingtoslowdancetoanfast-pacedsong.Thisexplainswhyeffectivepublicspeakerscarefullyadjusttheirpacing.Children’sbrain’sprocessinformationataslowerspeed,whichiswhyadultsusesimplerwordsandaslowerspeakingratewiththem.Thisrhythmmatchinghelpsyoungbrainsunderstandandlearnlanguagemoreeffectively.Asthebrainmatures,itsprocessingrhythmaccelerates,allowingittohandlemorerapidandcomplexinformation.Thisdevelopmentshowshowourinternalbrainrhythmsdirectlyshapeourinteractionwiththeworld.Theconnectionbetweenbrainrhythmandlanguageunderstandingisequallycrucialinreading.Whenweread,oureyesmoveinspecificpatternsthatmatchthebrain’sinternaltimingmechanism.There’salimittohowfastwecanreadwhilemaintainingcomprehension,justaswestruggletounderstandfastaudioplayback.Thesevisualpatternsworktogetherwithbrainrhythmstoprocesseverythingfromsinglewordstocompletethoughts.12.Whatisthemainpurposeofpresentingatestinparagraph1?A.Toexplainthescientificbasisofbrainrhythms.B.Todescribeacomplexscientificexperiment.C.Toargueagainsttraditionallearningmethods.D.Tointroducethetopicthroughacommonexperience.13.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Theworkingprincipleofbrainrhythms.B.Theformingprocessofnervecells.C.Theperformingstyleofmusician.D.Thecontrollingsystemofinformation.14.Howdoestheauthorexplain“brainrhythms”inparagraph3?A.Bygivingdefinitions. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byprovidingstatistics. D.Bymakingcomparisons.15.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectapplicationofbrainrhythmknowledge?A.Makingstudentsreadveryfast.B.Playingloudmusicwhilereading.C.Adjustingspeakingspeedaccordingtostudentsage.D.Playingeducationalvideoatafixedspeed.【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大脑节奏与语言理解之间的关系，包括大脑节奏的工作原理、在语言理解和阅读中的应用等。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Trythisquicktest:listentoashort,hard-to-understandparagraphfromaspeech,thentrytosummarizeitsmainpoints.Ifyoustruggletocapturethekeyideas,don’tworry—itoftenmeansyourbrainsrhythmtemporarilymismatchedtheinformationinput.(试试这个快速测试：听一段演讲中简短难懂的段落，然后试着总结其主要观点。如果你很难抓住关键点，别担心——这通常意味着你的大脑节奏与信息输入暂时不匹配)”和第二段中“Brainscientistsbelievethewayyourbrainprocessesthelanguageliesinyourbrain’sbuilt-inrhythmicpatterns.(大脑科学家认为，大脑处理语言的方式与大脑固有的节奏模式有关)”可知，作者通过描述一个常见的体验，即听一段难懂的演讲并尝试总结其要点，来引出文章的主题——大脑节奏与语言理解之间的关系。故选D项。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Brainscientistsbelievethewayyourbrainprocessesthelanguageliesinyourbrain’sbuilt-inrhythmicpatterns.Thatis,billionsofnervecellsworktogetherinregularrhythmiccycles,similartoseveralDJplayingdistinctbeatsatanevent.Thesebrainrhythmsactasnaturalpacemakers(节拍器)thatcontrolhowefficientlyweprocessinformation.(大脑科学家认为，大脑处理语言的方式在于大脑内置的节奏模式。也就是说，数十亿神经细胞以有规律的节奏周期协同工作，类似于几个DJ在一个活动中演奏不同的节拍。这些大脑节奏就像天然的节拍器，控制着我们处理信息的效率)”可知，本段主要介绍了大脑节奏的工作原理，即数十亿神经细胞如何协同工作以形成有规律的节奏周期，并控制我们处理信息的效率。故选A项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thesebrainrhythmsactasnaturalpacemakers(节拍器)thatcontrolhowefficientlyweprocessinformation.(这些大脑节律就像自然的节拍器，控制着我们处理信息的效率)”和第三段中“Justlikedancersmovetothebeatofmusic,ourbrainsworkbestwhenlanguageinputmatchestheirpreferredpace.Ifaspeakertalkstoofastforourbrain’srhythm,wemaymisskeypoints,muchlikedancerswhocan’tkeepupwithspeedingmusic.Ontheotherhand,speechthatistooslowmightcauseourattentiontowander,similartotryingtoslowdancetoanfast-pacedsong.(就像舞者随着音乐的节拍移动一样，当语言输入与大脑喜欢的节奏相匹配时，我们的大脑工作得最好。如果一个演讲者说话的速度超过了我们大脑的节奏，我们可能会错过关键点，就像舞者跟不上加速的音乐一样。另一方面，语速过慢可能会使我们的注意力分散，类似于试图随着快节奏的歌曲慢舞)”可知，作者通过将大脑节奏与舞者随着音乐节拍移动、演讲者语速与大脑节奏的匹配程度进行类比，来解释大脑节奏的概念。故选D项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Children’sbrain’sprocessinformationataslowerspeed,whichiswhyadultsusesimplerwordsandaslowerspeakingratewiththem.Thisrhythmmatchinghelpsyoungbrainsunderstandandlearnlanguagemoreeffectively.Asthebrainmatures,itsprocessingrhythmaccelerates,allowingittohandlemorerapidandcomplexinformation.(儿童的大脑处理信息的速度较慢，这就是为什么成年人对他们使用更简单的词汇和更慢的语速。这种节奏匹配有助于年轻的大脑更有效地理解和学习语言。随着大脑的成熟，其处理节奏加快，使其能够处理更快速和复杂的信息)”可知，不同年龄段的学生大脑处理信息的速度不同，需要与之匹配的语速来帮助他们更好地理解和学习语言，所以根据学生年龄调整说话速度是对大脑节律知识的正确运用。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。UnlikewhatweoftenseeinmoviesandTVshows,realfriendshipsinliferequirededicatedefforttogrow.Byapplyingthefollowingkeyprinciplesinyourdailyinteractions,youcanmakesimplefriendshipsbecomestrongandlong-lasting.1.StaypositiveWhileopenlysharingstrugglesanddifficultiesisundoubtedlyanaturalpartofanygenuinerelationship,itremainsimportanttoconsciouslyintroducepositivetopicsintoyourconversations.____16____Thisway,yourfriendshipcontinuestoserveasareliablesourceofjoyandemotionalsupport,ratherthangraduallybecomingoverwhelmedbynegativity.2.DisplayrealinterestMakeanefforttoengageyourfriendswiththoughtfulquestionsabouttheirpassions,andmeaningfullifeexperiences.____17____Thisapproachneedsyoutofocusattentioncompletelyontheirwordsratherthansimplypreparingyourresponse,whichshowsyouvaluethemasaperson.3.Provideconsistentsupport____18____Celebratetheirachievementswithgenuineenthusiasm,andofferunderstandingduringdifficulttimes.Simplegestureslikeattendingtheirimportanteventsorcheckinginwhentheyseemwithdrawnreinforceyourcommitmentthroughactions.4.BuildTrustthroughIntegrityHonortheirprivacybysafeguardingpersonalinformationandrespectdifferingopinions.____19____Trustdevelopswhenbothindividualsfeelsecureinexpressingtheirtrueselveswithoutfearofcriticism.Thisfoundationofmutualrespectenablesfriendshipstowithstandchallengesandgrowstrongerovertime.___20___Throughconsistentpracticeofthem,youcanbuildstrongfriendshipsthatenrichbothyourlives,provingthatmeaningfulconnectionsarewortheverybitofefforttheyrequire.A.Thesesmall,intentionalchoicesbuildlong-lastingbonds.B.Thiscreateasafeenvironmentwhereneitherfellsjudged.C.Trustisfragileandthereforerequirestobetreatedcarefully.D.Notetheirpreferences,liketheirfavoritesnackforyournextmeetup.E.Forexample:“Howdidyoufeelfinishingthatartprojectyouloved?”F.Bepresentwhentheyaredoingwellandwhentheyarehavingahardtime.G.Switchingfromdiscussingastressfulweektosharinganamusingstorycanrefreshyourinteractions.【答案】16.G17.E18.F19.B20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了四个让普通友谊变得牢固持久的关键原则。【16题详析】上文“Whileopenlysharingstrugglesanddifficultiesisundoubtedlyanaturalpartofanygenuinerelationship,itremainsimportanttoconsciouslyintroducepositivetopicsintoyourconversations.(虽然坦诚分享困境和难题无疑是任何真挚关系中自然的一部分，但有意识地在对话中引入积极话题仍然很重要)”说明在友谊对话中引入积极话题的重要性。G项“从讨论充满压力的一周转向分享一个有趣的故事，可以让你们的交流焕然一新。”通过具体例子阐释了如何引入积极话题，呼应上文“引入积极话题”的建议，且后文“Thisway,yourfriendshipcontinuestoserveasareliablesourceofjoyandemotionalsupport,ratherthangraduallybecomingoverwhelmedbynegativity.(这样，你们的友谊就会继续成为快乐和情感支持的可靠来源，而不会逐渐被消极情绪所淹没)”承接该例子带来的效果。故选G。【17题详析】上文“Makeanefforttoengageyourfriendswiththoughtfulquestionsabouttheirpassions,andmeaningfullifeexperiences.(努力用关于朋友的热情和有意义的生活经历的贴心问题与他们交流)”说明要通过贴心问题与朋友交流，关注其生活。E项“例如：‘完成那个你喜欢的艺术项目后，你感觉怎么样？’”是对上文“贴心问题”的具体举例，符合“关于热情和有意义生活经历”的要求，且后文“Thisapproachneedsyoutofocusattentioncompletelyontheirwordsratherthansimplypreparingyourresponse,whichshowsyouvaluethemasaperson.(这种方法需要你把注意力完全集中在他们的话上，而不是简单地准备你的回答，这表明你重视他们这个人)”承接该提问方式带来的交流要求。故选E。【18题详析】上文“Provideconsistentsupport(提供持续的支持)”是该部分主题句，说明本段围绕“持续支持朋友”展开。F项“在他们顺境时陪伴，在他们困境时也陪伴。”具体阐释了“持续支持”的内涵，既包括顺境中的陪伴，也包括困境中的陪伴，后文“Celebratetheirachievementswithgenuineenthusiasm,andofferunderstandingduringdifficulttimes.(用真诚的热情为他们的成就喝彩，在他们困境时给予理解)”进一步对该选项内容展开说明，逻辑连贯。故选F。【19题详析】上文“Honortheirprivacybysafeguardingpersonalinformationandrespectdifferingopinions.(通过保护个人信息来尊重他们的隐私，并尊重不同的观点)”说明要尊重朋友的隐私和不同观点。B项“这创造了一个双方都不会感到被评判的安全环境。”中的“this”指代上文“保护隐私、尊重不同观点”的做法，解释了该做法带来的效果——营造安全环境，且后文“Trustdevelopswhenbothindividualsfeelsecureinexpressingtheirtrueselveswithoutfearofcriticism(当双方都能安心地表达真实的自己而不担心被批评时，信任就会产生)”承接该安全环境与信任建立的关系。故选B。【20题详析】上文分别介绍了保持积极、展现真切兴趣、提供持续支持和通过诚信建立信任四个原则，后文“Throughconsistentpracticeofthem,youcanbuildstrongfriendships(通过持续践行这些原则，你可以建立牢固的友谊)”中的“them”指代前文的四个原则。A项“这些微小但有意的选择能建立持久的联结。”中的“thesesmall,intentionalchoices”概括指代前文四个原则对应的做法，起到承上启下的作用，既总结前文做法，又引出后文践行这些做法的意义。故选A。第三部分语言知识运用（共三节，满分35分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihavealwaysbelievedthateveryonecanmakeadifference.Thisideafirst____21____inmyhometowninKazakhstan.Inmyvillage,opportunitiesforpersonalandathleticdevelopmentwere____22____.Manyyoungpeoplehad____23____butnowheretodevelopit.____24____bymypassionforfootball,Idecidedtocreateaplatformthroughsportstoempoweryoungpeopleinmycommunity.Withsupportfrommylocalfootballclub,I____25____weeklytrainingforchildrenaged8to15.____26____,Iencountereddoubtfromparentswhoquestionedwhetherayoungpersonlikemecouldmakearealdifference.However,Iremained____27____anddedicatedmyselftomywork.Overtime,I____28____incrediblechangeintheyoungathletes.Thechildren,onceshyandhesitant,graduallygrewintoconfidentandenthusiasticplayers.Whileteachingthemfootballtechniques,Ialsofocusonessentiallife____29____liketeamwork,disciplineandperseverance.Ourtrainingsessionbecomeasafespaceforself-expressionandpersonaldevelopment.One____30____momentthatshowsthepowerofmyworkoccurredduringalocaltournament.Ourteam____31____allthewaythroughthecompetition,overcomingseveralstrongopponentstosecureaspotinthefinals.Ifeltasenseofpride—notjustforourvictories,butforthe____32____wehadformed.Thisexperienceshowedmehowsmallactscouldcreate____33____change.Theimpact____34____farbeyondthesportsfieldandeveninfluencedtheirdailylives—allowingthemtoseethemselvesasindividuals____35____ofachievingtheirdreams.21.A.tookshape B.fellapart C.comeout D.wentaway22.A.abundant B.limited C.sufficient D.adequate23.A.energy B.potential C.hobbies D.freedom24.A.Challenged B.Discouraged C.Inspired D.Confused25.A.entertained B.organized C.engaged D.observed26.A.Initially B.Fortunately C.Surprisingly D.Finally27.A.determined B.hesitant C.worried D.upset28.A.imagined B.prevented C.reported D.witnessed29.A.subjects B.rules C.values D.skills30.A.forgettable B.ordinary C.memorable D.regular31.A.suffered B.searched C.failed D.advanced32.A.habits B.agreements C.memories D.bonds33.A.temporary B.meaningful C.doubtful D.slight34.A.extended B.disappeared C.inspired D.shrank35.A.qualified B.adaptable C.diverse D.capable【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.C25.B26.A27.A28.D29.C30.C31.D32.D33.B34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在哈萨克斯坦家乡通过足球为社区青年赋能的经历。【21题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个想法最初在我哈萨克斯坦的家乡成型。A.tookshape成型，形成；B.fellapart破裂，崩溃；C.comeout出版，出现；D.wentaway离开，消失。根据前文“Ihavealwaysbelievedthateveryonecanmakeadifference”及后文作者在家乡开展足球训练的行动可知，“每个人都能产生影响”这一想法是在故乡“形成”并付诸实践的，故选A。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我的村庄里，个人发展和体育锻炼的机会是有限的。A.abundant丰富的；B.limited有限的；C.sufficient充足的；D.adequate适当的，足够的。根据后文“Manyyoungpeoplehadpotentialbutnowheretodevelopit”可知，家乡能提供的发展机会“有限”，故选B。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多年轻人有潜力却无处施展。A.energy能量，精力；B.potential潜力，潜能；C.hobbies爱好；D.freedom自由。根据后文孩子们通过足球训练“grewintoconfidentandenthusiasticplayers”可知，这些年轻人本身具备未被发掘的“潜力”，只是缺少发展平台，故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：受我对足球的热情启发，我决定通过体育创造一个平台，为社区里的年轻人赋能。A.Challenged挑战；B.Discouraged使气馁；C.Inspired启发，鼓舞；D.Confused使困惑。根据后文“mypassionforfootball”及“createaplatformthroughsports”可知，作者是被自身的热情所“启发”，进而产生行动的想法，故选C。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在当地足球俱乐部的支持下，我为8至15岁的孩子组织了每周训练。A.entertained娱乐，招待；B.organized组织；C.engaged参与，从事；D.observed观察，遵守。根据后文“weeklytraining”及“forchildrenaged8to15”可知，作者的行为是“组织”训练活动，故选B。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，我遭到了家长们的质疑，他们怀疑像我这样的年轻人能否真正产生影响。A.Initially起初，最初；B.Fortunately幸运地；C.Surprisingly令人惊讶地；D.Finally最终。根据后文“However,Iremainedanddedicatedmyselftomywork”的转折关系可知，“家长质疑”是发生在行动初期的情况，故选A。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我始终坚定，全身心投入工作。A.determined坚定的；B.hesitant犹豫的；C.worried担心的；D.upset沮丧的。根据前文“However”的转折，及后文“dedicatedmyselftomywork”和最终取得的成果可知，作者没有因质疑而退缩，而是保持“坚定”态度，故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我目睹了这些年轻运动员身上令人难以置信的变化。A.imagined想象；B.prevented阻止；C.reported报告；D.witnessed目睹，见证。根据后文“Thechildren,onceshyandhesitant,graduallygrewintoconfidentandenthusiasticplayers”可知，这是作者亲身“见证”到的变化，故选D。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在教他们足球技巧的同时，我也注重培养团队合作、自律和毅力等重要人生价值观。A.subjects科目；B.rules规则；C.values价值观；D.skills技能。根据后文“teamwork,disciplineandperseverance”可知，这些均属于人生“价值观”范畴，而非具体的科目、规则或技能，故选C。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一个难忘的时刻彰显了我的工作所蕴含的力量，那是在一次当地锦标赛期间。A.forgettable易被忘记的；B.ordinary普通的；C.memorable难忘的；D.regular定期的，常规的。根据后文“showsthepowerofmywork”及“Ifeltasenseofpride”可知，这个时刻是“难忘的”，故选C。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的球队一路晋级，战胜了几个强大的对手，成功闯入决赛。A.suffered遭受；B.searched寻找；C.failed失败；D.advanced前进，晋级。根据后文“overcomingseveralstrongopponentstosecureaspotinthefinals”可知，球队在比赛中不断“晋级”，故选D。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到一种自豪感——不仅为我们的胜利，也为我们之间建立的联结纽带。A.habits习惯；B.agreements协议；C.memories回忆；D.bonds纽带，联结。根据前文“Ourteamallthewaythroughthecompetition,overcomingseveralstrongopponentstosecureaspotinthe