《工业分析 Industrial Analysis》课件-采样目的、要求和术语（双语）

项目二：工业浓硝酸质量分析任务一：液体样品采样方法采样的目的、要求和基本术语课程：工业分析中文Scenario2:QualityanalysisofindustrialconcentratednitricacidTask1:SamplingmethodforliquidsamplesThepurpose,requirements,andbasicterminologyofsamplingCourse:IndustrialAnalysisEglish

工业分析的任务是从大批物料中确定某种或某些组分的平均质量分数。工业分析测定步骤：采样、制样、分解样品、消除干扰、方法的选择、结果的计算和数据的评价。中文

Thetaskofindustrialanalysisistodeterminetheaveragemassfractionofacertainorcertaincomponentfromalargenumberofmaterials.

Industrialanalysisandmeasurementsteps:sampling,samplepreparation,sampledecomposition,interferenceelimination,methodselection,resultcalculation,anddataevaluation.theobtainedsamplesmustberepresentativeEglish一、采样的基本术语1、采样单元：具有界限的一定数量物料，其界限可能是有形的也可能是无形的。2、子样（份样）：用采样器从一个采样单元中一次取得的一定量物料。3、样品：从数量较大的采样单元中取得的一个或几个采样单元，或从一个采样单元中取得的一份或几个子样。4、原始平均试样：合并所有采取的子样中文一、Basicterminologyofsampling1.Samplingunit:Acertainquantityofmaterialwithboundaries,whoseboundariesmaybetangibleorintangible.2.Subsample:Acertainamountofmaterialobtainedatoncefromasamplingunitusingasampler.3.Sample:Oneorseveralsamplingunitsobtainedfromalargenumberofsamplingunits,oroneorseveralsubsamplesobtainedfromasinglesamplingunit.4.Originalaveragesample:ThesampleobtainedbycombiningallthesubsamplestakenEglish5、分析化验单位：应采取一个原始平均试样的物料的总量。6、实验室样品：为送往实验室供检验或测试而制备的样品。7、备考样品：与实验室样品同时同样制备的样品，在有争议时，它可为有关方面接受用作实验室样品。8、部位样品：从物料的特定部位或在物料流的特定部位和时间取得的一定数量或大小的样品。9、表面样品：在物料表面取得的样品，以获得关于此物料表面的资料。中文5.Analysisandtestingunit:Thetotalamountofmaterialinanoriginalaveragesampleshouldbetaken.6.Laboratorysample:Asamplepreparedforsendingtothelaboratoryforinspectionortesting.7.Preparationsample:Asamplepreparedsimultaneouslywithalaboratorysample,whichcanbeacceptedbyrelevantpartiesasalaboratorysampleincaseofdispute.8.Partsamples:Acertainquantityorsizeofsamplesobtainedfromaspecificpartofamaterialorataspecificpartandtimeinthematerialflow.9.Surfacesample:Asampleobtainedonthesurfaceofamaterialtoobtaininformationaboutitssurface.Eglish二、采样要求

采取有代表性的实验室样品时，应根据物料的堆放情况及颗粒大小，从不同部位和深度选取多个采样点，采取一定量的样品，混合均匀。采取的份数越多越有代表性。但是采样量过大，会给后面的制样带来麻烦。中文二、Samplingrequirements

Whentakingrepresentativelaboratorysamples,multiplesamplingpointsshouldbeselectedfromdifferentpartsanddepthsbasedonthestackingsituationandparticlesizeofthematerials.Acertainamountofsamplesshouldbetakenandmixedevenly.Themorecopiestaken,themorerepresentativetheyare.Butifthesamplingamountistoolarge,itwillcausetroubleforthesubsequentsamplepreparation.Eglish1、采样原则中文1、SamplingprinciplesUnevenmaterials:generalrandomsamplingUniformmaterial:canbesampledfromanypartSamplingprinciplesUniformmaterialreferstotheaveragevalueofthecharacteristicsofeachpartofthematerialwithinthemeasurementerrorrangeUnevenmaterialreferstotheaveragevalueofthecharacteristicsofeachpartofthematerialthatisnotwithinthemeasurementerrorrangeEglish2、采样量采样的数量一式三份供检验、复检和备查用满足3次检验需要量中文2、SamplingamountThreecopiesofthesamplingquantityareprovidedforinspection,retesting,andreferencepurposesSamplingsteps:DeterminethenumberofsamplingunitssampleineachunitDeterminationofthenumberofsamplingunitsn(Nisthetotalnumberofpieces):Whenthenumberofunits>500,

Whenthenumberofunitsislessthan500,takesamplesaccordingtothespecifiednumberofpiecesEglish中文OverallmaterialunitOverallmaterialunitMinimumunitsselectedMinimumunitsselectedTotalunitsRegulationsonthenumberofsamplingunitsEglish三、采样记录书写

采样时，要认真填写采样记录，写明样品的生产日期、批号、采样条件、方法、数量、包装情况等。外地调入的食品还应结合运货单、商检机关和卫生部门的化验单、厂方化验单等，了解起运日期、来源地点、数量、品质及包装情况。同时注意其运输及保管条件，并填写检验目的、项目及采样人。中文三、Writingmethodforsamplingrecords

Whensampling,itisnecessarytocarefullyfillinthesamplingrecord,statingtheproductiondate,batchnumber,samplingconditions,method,quantity,packagingsituation,etc.ofthesample.Thefoodtransferredfromotherplacesshouldalsobecombinedwiththewaybill,inspectionandhealthdepartment'stestreport,factory'stestreport,etc.tounderstandthedat