八年级下册外研版英语介词辨析练习题40篇及解析

八年级下册外研版英语介词辨析练习题40篇及解析一、选择题1．—Whatdoyouthinkofthegrammarbook?—Oh,itisreally_____usefulreferencebook,whichisworthreading_____secondtime.A．a,a B．an,theC．an,a D．the,the2．It’s________greatsurprisetofindthepoorlittlegirllivesalonein_________countryside.A．a;the B．a;不填 C．不填;the D．不填；不填3．In_______gesturetohelppreservehistory,thelocalsarerepairing_______largepercentageofthehistoricsitessteadily.A．the;the B．a;a C．the;a D．/;the4．______advertisementuses______wordsandpicturestheadvertisersthinkoftoconvincepeopletobuy______productor________service,ortobelieveinanidea.A．An;the;a;/ B．An;/;the;aC．The;/;a;/ D．The;the;/;the5．Ijustheard________bankwhereJulieworkswasrobbedby________gunmanwearingamask.A．the;/ B．a;/ C．the;a D．a;the6．—Who’s________girlinredoverthere?—Kate,________excellentstudentinourclass.A．the;a B．the;an C．/;an D．/;a7．—TuYouyouwhowontheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein2015is______excellentChinesescientist.—Ican’tagreemore.Infact,sheis_______prideofChina.A．the;a B．an;the C．an;a D．the;the8．Simonlikesplaying______chess,whileherbrotherisinterestedinplaying_____guitar.A．/,the B．the,/ C．/,/ D．the;the二、选择题9．—TherearemoreTVseriesthanbefore.—That’strue.But________wastomytaste.Ipreferwesterns.A．all B．few C．some D．none10．—FewfilmshavehadagreatereffectonpopularculturethanStevenSpielberg’s.—It’sjustyourcupoftea.Tome,hisworksare________morethanentertainment.A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything11．—Jack,youleftyourcoatintheplaygroundagain?—Itisn’t________.Look,mycoatisinmybag.A．mine B．my C．your D．yours12．Theyoungshouldlearnhowtolookafter________andbemoreindependent.A．they B．them C．their D．themselves三、选择题13．Afactorywillbebuiltforthe__________ofthistypeofnewenergycar.A．position B．population C．production D．pronunciation14．—YuanLongpingandhisteamhavesucceededinplantingsaltwaterrice.—I’veheardaboutit.Hehasmadeahuge________toourcountry’sagriculture.A．invention B．competition C．contribution D．production15．USanthropologistEdwardT.Hallsaidthatinaconversationbetweentwopeople,65%of________isdonethroughbodylanguage.A．application B．pronunciation C．introduction D．communication16．Becauseofthegrowingneedsofmarket,the________ofblindboxeswillquicklyrise.A．pollution B．production C．pronunciation D．population四、选择题17．—Ialwaysgetthebestgradeinmyclass,butI’mfeelingstressed.—Why?Areyourparentstoo________withyou?A．angry B．satisfied C．bored D．strict18．It’s________knowledgethatmoodscanhaveaninfluenceonourhealth.A．unusual B．special C．general D．common19．Studentsshouldbe________thatevenasmallthinglikesavingwaterandlookingafteratreecanmakeabigdifferencetoourenvironment.A．alone B．awake C．aware D．afraid20．Thespeakershowed________examplestomakethesciencereporteasytounderstand.A．awful B．proper C．stupid D．tiring21．—Haveyoufoundthatmoreandmorevisitorscometoourhometown?—You’reright.That’sbecausewe’renowbuildingHuai’ana________city！A．live B．lively C．living D．alive五、选择题22．Thelittlestreamrandawnfromahighmountain________manyvillagesandforests.A．across B．against C．beyond D．through23．ThestoryTheUglyDuckling________HansChristianAndersenhasremainedpopularamongchildrenforcenturies.A．in B．on C．by D．with24．Thegirlis_____asinger_____everyoneinherhometown.A．wellknownas;for B．wellknownas;to C．well-knowas;to D．bestknownfor;for六、选择题25．Mybrotheroften_________hissparetimetohelpmewithmyspokenEnglish.A．putsup B．givesup C．opensup D．tidiesup26．Therainhasstopped.Whynot________theraincoat?A．takeaway B．passaway C．putaway D．putoff27．Everytimeaseriousdisease________,cityplannerswillcomeupwithnewideastofightit.A．breaksdown B．breaksout C．breaksinto D．breaksup28．—WhydidLindacometoChina?—ToexperienceChinesecultureand________themostsuitableuniversitytoattend.A．turnout B．putout C．runout D．findout29．Volunteers________leafletstoencouragemorepeopletoseparaterubbishcorrectly.A．putout B．findout C．handout D．turnout30．MyfatheriscrazyaboutDIY.He’stryingto________acupboardinthekitchen.A．putup B．putin C．puton D．putaway31．—InordertoimprovemyEnglish,Ihavealreadymadeadetailedplan.—Great!Ithinkallyouneedtodonextis_________.A．pickitout B．carryitout C．finditout D．pointitout32．Scientistsneedto________severalsurveysbeforemakingaconclusion.A．giveup B．carryout C．hearof D．lookfor七、选择题33．—Excuseme,couldyoutellmewheretheNanjingBrocadeMuseumis?—Goalongthisroadforfiveminutes.You________missit.It’sahugebuilding.A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t34．Ahard-workingman________becomeagreatscientist,butagreatscientist________beahard-workingman.A．can’t;can B．maynot;must C．can’t;must D．maynot;can35．—Whatisthatyounglady’sjob?—She________beanurse,I’mnotsure.A．must B．may C．need D．would36．We'vediscussedeverydetailofthisplanandhavegoteverythingready.Butstillsomething________gowrong.Westillhavetobeverycareful.A．must B．should C．would D．may37．—IsthatMrZhou?—It________behim.HehasgonetoBeijing.A．can B．may C．can’t D．shouldn’t38．—Seventydollarsforsuchadress!You________bejoking!—I’mserious.It’smadeofsilkfromHangzhou.A．must B．need C．will D．can八、选择题39．—________excellentworkyouhavedone!—It’sverykindofyoutosayso.ItseemsmucheasierthanI________.A．Whatan;thought B．What;thought C．How;think D．Howan;think40．________itistoplayvolleyballonthebeach!A．Whatfun B．Whatafun C．Howfun D．Howafun41．—Doyouknowthatpeopleinquite________fewplacesinChinawitnessedonSundaythemostwonderfuleventoftheyear,anannularsolareclipse(金边日环食)?—What_____excitingnews!It’sreportedthewholeeclipselastedaboutthreeandahalfhours.A．a;an B．the;/ C．a;/ D．the;an42．________timeflies!Wewillfinishourjuniorhighschoollifesoon.A．What B．Whata C．How D．Howa43．_______awfultheweatheris!I’mafraidwehavetocanceloursportsmeeting.A．Whatan B．What C．Howan D．How九、选择题44．—________doyouplaybasketballwithyourfriends?—Onlyonceaweek.A．Howlong B．Howmuch C．Howsoon D．Howoften45．—________isitfromyourhometothebank?—Abouttenminutes’walk.A．Howoften B．Howfar C．Howlong D．Howmuch46．一________doyouchecktheoil?一Aboutevery5,000km.A．Howfar B．Howlong C．Howmuch D．Howoften47．—________haveyouhadthiscomputer?—Fortwomonths.A．Howmuch B．Howlong C．Howfar D．Howoften48．—________isitfrommyhometoGuanyunHigh-speedRailwayStation?—Ihavenoidea.Perhapsafewmilesaway.A．Howfar B．Howsoon C．Howoften D．Howlong49．—___________willtheprojectofWuxiMetroLine3becompleted?—Itwon'ttakelong.Justinaboutthreemonths.A．Howlong B．Howfar C．Howsoon D．Howoften十、选择题50．We'resurethattheenvironmentinourcity______greatlythroughourworkinthenearfuture.A．improved B．wasimproved C．hasimproved D．willbeimproved51．Penicillin(青霉素)wasfirst_______byFlemingearlyinthetwentiethcentury.A．invented B．discovered C．created D．produced52．ItisamazingtothewholeworldthatHuoshenshanHospitalandLeishenshanHospital________in10days.A．completed B．werecompleted C．willcomplete D．willbecompleted53．Differentkindsofrobots________inthecomingrobotshowinourcity.A．display B．aredisplayed C．willdisplay D．willbedisplayed54．—Isawseveralboxesofbooksatthegateofourschooljustnow.—They________tochildreninpoorareas.A．weresent B．aresent C．willbesent D．werebeingsent十一、选择题55．—Ihearyouinapub.What’sitlike?—Well,it’sveryhardworkandI’malwaystired,butIdon’tmind.A．areworking B．willworkC．wereworking D．willbeworking56．---Iwonderwhyhe______sostrangelythesedays.---Recentpressureatstudymayaccountforhisbehavior.A．wasactingB．actedC．isactingD．acts57．It’snearly5yearssinceIworkedinthecompany.I_______inaschool.A．taught B．wasteachingC．amteaching D．hadbeenteaching58．Socialmedia,likeWeChat,________thewayofcommunicationnowadays.A．arechanging B．changeC．changed D．werechanging59．—DoyouhaveanyplanforthisSunday?—Yes,I______shoppingwithmyfriends．A．go B．amgoingC．went D．havegone60．Tom,ourmanager,________forAmericanintwodaysandhehasaskedmetofindoutwhentheearliestplane________nextSunday.A．isleaving;takesoffB．willleave;istakingoffC．istoleave;isgoingtotakeoffD．leaves;willtakeoff61．ProfessorWang________inourschooltillnextSunday．A．willhavestayed B．hasstayed C．isstaying D．stayed62．OneofthefirmsIappliedtohasofferedmeajobbutI_____myoptionsopenuntilIhearfromtheothers.A．havekept B．willhavekeptC．amkeeping D．keep63．----Readytoquitguessing,Sandy?----No,no,Iholdon!IthinkI____totheanswer.A．come B．havecome C．came D．amcoming64．—Haveyouseenrecently?—No,butI_______dinnerwithhimonFriday.A．had B．havehad C．amhaving D．washaving65．ManychildreninSouthSudan________thetroubleofhungeratthemoment.A．face B．faces C．isfacing D．arefacing66．Bequiet!Thestudents________anEnglishexam.A．take B．aretaking C．took D．havemade67．Mum________fishinthekitchen.Itsmellssogood.A．cooks B．iscooking C．wascooking D．willcook68．—CanPeterplaygameswithus,Mrs.Hawking?—Waitaminute.He________ashower.A．istaking B．taken C．took D．wastaking十二、选择题69．Ididn’thavebreakfastthismorning,________Iamveryhungrynow.A．but B．so C．or D．and70．Airpollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious,actionsmustbetakentostopit.A．so B．but C．or D．until71．一Willyougoshoppingwithme_______gotothecinemawithKitty?一I’msorry，_______I’mafraidIcan’t．Ihavesomuchhomeworktodonow．A．or；butB．or；andC．and；butD．and；or72．Iwaslateforschooltoday______Ididn’tcatchtheearlybus.A．because B．so C．but D．then73．Bemorecarefulthistime,______you’llmakethesamemistakeagain.A．and B．or C．so D．but十三、选择题74．Tomwasnotlisteningcarefully,sohefailedtohear________.A．whattheteachersaid B．howtheteachersaidC．whatdidtheteachersay D．howdidtheteachersay十四、选择题75．—Teamworkisveryimportantinafootballmatch.—Ithinkso._______.A．Theearlybirdcatchestheworm B．EverydoghasitsdayC．Onetreecan’tmakeaforest D．Everythingcomestohimwhowaits76．----IpromiseIwillworkhardernextterm,MissLi.---Well,justasthesayinggoes,“______.”Idohopethatyouwillactatonce.A．Itneverrainsbutpours B．ManyhandsmakelightworkC．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords D．Afriendinneedisafriendindeed77．Lookatthetextbelowonenvironment.Whatkindofwayisusedtoorganizetheidea?[Ourenvironmentisgettingworse.Theskyisnotasblueasbefore.Thewaterisnotcleananymore.Theweatherchangessooften.Wehavemorebadweather.]A．Timeorder. B．Spaceorder.C．Generaltospecific. D．Specifictogeneral.78．—Lookatthismess!Howmuchtimedoyouthinkweneedtoclearitup?—Itisabigjob,but________.Let’sallgetstartednow.A．manyhandsmakelightwork B．afriendinneedisafriendindeedC．theearlybirdcatchestheworm D．actionsspeaklouderthanwords79．—Youknowwhat?Susanhaswonathirdscholarship.—That’snotsurprising.________.Shedevotessomuchtimetoherstudy.A．Theearlybirdcatchestheworm B．Nopain,nogainC．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords D．Practicemakesperfect十五、选择题80．—Don’tkeepthewaterrunningwhenyoubrushyourteeth.—________.A．Ihopeso B．I’mafraidnot C．Sorry,Iwon’t D．It’snothing81．—Howdoyoulikecoffee,Minnie?—Ittastesveryterrible.________.A．Ihavenoidea B．Idon’tmindit C．Ireallycan’tstandit D．Ican’taffordit82．—WouldyoumindmyturningontheTV?TheNewYearconcerthasjustbegun.—________.Justgoahead.A．Pleasedon’t B．Betternot C．Ofcoursenot D．I’mafraidnot83．—ThedressIgotisnotthesamecolorasthatisshownonline.—________?Butifso,Ipromisewewillsendyouanotherone.A．Howcome B．Whoknows C．Whatfor D．Whyworry84．–Thisboxistooheavyformetocarryupstairs.–__________A．Youmayaskforhelp B．I’llgiveyouahandC．Pleasedomeafavor D．I’dcometohelp十六、选择题85．_______treesisalong-termproject.Let'stakegoodcareofthesetreesweplantandwaitforthemtogrowup.A．Plants B．Planted C．Plant D．Planting86．What______greatfunwehad______thefilmJungleBook.A．a;towatchB．/;watchingC．a;watchD．/;towatching87．—Tokeepthestudentssafeontheirwaytoschool,wehavetakenmoreaction.—Thatsoundsgreat.Weshoulddowhatwecan__________theschoolbusaccident.A．toprevent B．prevent C．topreventing D．preventing88．Thedoctorwarnedthepatientoilyfoodaftertheoperation.A．nottodrink B．todrink C．nottoeat D．noteat89．—Doyouprefer_______basketballwithme?—No,I'drather_______athomeandwatchTVbecauseofmyachingfeet.A．play;stay B．toplay;tostay C．play;tostay D．toplay;stay90．Thebadweatherwilllastforaweek.SoIadviseyou________offthesportsmeeting.A．toput B．tobeput C．put D．putting91．Dadalwaystellsmenot________justfortests.Or,I’llloseinterestinlearning.A．study B．studies C．studying D．tostudy92．Huaweihassucceededin________newsoftwareforhisproducts.Ican’twait________anewHuaweimobile.A．developing,tobuy B．developed,buying C．developing,buy D．develop,buying93．Peopleareadvisedtoavoid________theireyes,noseandmouthwithunwashedhands.A．touch B．touched C．touching D．totouch94．－Don’tyouthinkyourhairistoolong?－Yes.Iamgoingtohaveit________soon.A．cut B．cuts C．cutting D．tocut95．Hispronunciationisbetter,forhekept______ashortpassageafterthetapeeverymorning.A．toreadB．readingC．readD．reads96．_____aGPSwillmake_______easierforeveryonetovisitastrangeplace.A．Take,her B．Taking,that C．Taking,it D．Take,this97．—Excuseme,canyouexplainthereasontomeagain?—Sorry,IknowwhatIwanttosaybutIhavedifficulty______myselfclearly.A．express B．toexpress C．expressing D．tobeexpressed98．Ithinkmiddleschoolstudentsshouldnotgettheirhair_______.A．color B．colors C．colored D．coloring99．—Mum,mycomputerdoesn’twork.Itneeds_________.—OK.Iwillhaveit_________.A．repairing;repaired B．torepair;repairC．berepaired;repairing D．beingrepaired;torepair100．Ginaistheonlygirl______acoat.A．whowear B．whowearing C．wearing D．wears101．Nowadays,teachersoughttoconsider________moretimeonteachingresearch.A．spend B．tospend C．spending D．spent十七、选择题102．—Carl,areyoucomingwithus?—I’dloveto,butsomethingunexpected______.A．iscomingup B．comesup C．cameup D．hascomeup103．—BillGatesandMelindaGates,twooftheworld’srichestpeople,said“wenolongerbelievewecangrowtogetherasacouple”.—Iamsosorrytohearthatbecausethey________fornearly30years.A．havebeenmarried B．havegotmarried C．havegotmarriedto D．havebeenmarriedwith104．—WhereisJim?—He________Beijingonbusinessforaweek.He’llbebacktomorrow.A．hascometo B．hasgoneto C．hasbeento D．hasbeenin十八、选择题105．Sofar,Mikehasspentabout$28,000onthehouseand__________ittocostabout$38,000whenitisfinishedandfurnished.A．expected B．expectsC．hasexpected D．willexpect106．Iwouldbehappierifyoudidmorestudyingwhileyouarefree,butyou___________.A．don’t B．didn’t C．wouldn’t D．weren’t107．--DoyouknowanyoneinParis?--No,I’llmakefriendsonce.A．IhavesettledB．I’llbesettledC．IamsettledD．I’msettling108．—Howdoyoulikethatmovie?—Ithinkthesecondhalf________moreexciting.A．is B．are C．was D．were109．—Hi,Jessica!I________youwereinNanjing.PeopletoldmeyouwereinShanghai.—Well,Icamebackjustonehourago.A．don’tknow B．didn’tknow C．haven’tknown D．won’tknow110．—WhatapitythatKobeBryanthasdiedinaterribleaccident!—Yes.Buttheworkhehasdone________encouragingus.A．willkeep B．wouldkeep C．haskept D．hadkept十九、选择题111．—Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?—Ilikemusic________Icansingalongwith.A．who B．where C．that D．when112．Doyouknowtheboy________motherisanexcellentteacher?A．which B．who C．whose D．what113．Thisisthebestbook________Ihaveread.A．\ B．whose C．which D．who114．—Couldyoushowthewaytothestationtomemaybefiveminutes'walkfromhere?—Noproblem.Butit'ssillytotakeataxiyoucaneasilywalktothestation.A．/;if B．which;since C．that;when D．who;if115．—CanIhelpyou,sir?—IwantanewbookwaswrittenbyCaoWenxuan.A．what B．where C．which D．who116．—Haveyouseenmywatchanywhere,Lucy?—IsittheoneyouruncleboughtforyouinHongKong?A．who B．what C．that D．when117．﹣﹣﹣Wherewouldyouliketovisitthenextwinterholiday？﹣﹣﹣Iwanttovisitaplace______isfamousforitsviews．A．which B．where C．when D．who二十、选择题118．—Look!Someoneisrunningtheredlights.—Weshouldwait________othersarebreakingtherules.A．although B．because C．unless D．if119．________thatmoment,Ineverrealizedhowmuchmyfatherlovedme.A．At B．Unless C．Until D．Since120．Dr.Smithwillneverleavehisparents________heissurebothofthemaretakengoodcareof.A．since B．though C．if D．unless【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．A解析：A【解析】试题分析：第一空用不定冠词表示泛指，useful不是以元音因素开头，不用an，要用a；不定冠词a与序数词连用表示“再，又”，不表示次序，故第二个空用a，表示再读一次。故选A。考点：考查冠词2．A解析：A【解析】根据题意可知巨大的惊讶是泛指，下文乡下是特指，故选A。发现贫穷的小女孩自己一个人住在乡下是一个巨大的惊讶。3．B解析：B【解析】考查固定短语和冠词。句意“为了保护历史，当地居民正在修复一大批历史古迹。”inagesturetodosth.“为了做某事”，是固定搭配；排除A、C；泛指一大批用alargepercentageof...。故选B。4．A解析：A【解析】考查冠词。句中anadvertisement泛指广告；thewordsandpictures特指广告中所用的文字和图片；aproduct一件产品；service服务，为不可数名词，故选A。5．C解析：C【解析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：我刚听说朱莉工作的那家银行被一个戴着面具的持枪歹徒抢劫了。后文中已指出是Julie工作的银行，为特指，故填the。gunman是单数，首字母是辅音字母开头，故填a。故选C项。6．B解析：B【详解】句意：——那边穿红衣服的女孩是谁？——凯特，我们班优秀的学生。考查冠词词义辨析。the定冠词，特指某一个；a，an不定冠词，泛指某一个。a常用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an常用在以元音音素开头的单词前。第一空特指“穿红衣服的女孩”，因此用the；第二空excellent是以元音音素开头的单词，因此用an。故选B。7．B解析：B【详解】句意：——在2015年获得了诺贝尔生理学或医药学奖的屠呦呦是一名优秀的中国科学家。——我非常同意。事实上，她是中国的骄傲。第一空excellent是元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an修饰。第二空有介词短语ofChina修饰，故表示特指，故用定冠词the修饰，故选B。8．A解析：A【解析】试题分析：句意:西蒙喜欢下象棋，而她的弟弟对弹吉他感兴趣。playchess下象棋，chess是体育运动中的一种，其前不加冠词；playtheguita弹吉他，guita是乐器中的一种，其前必须加定冠词the。故选A。考点：考查冠词。二、选择题9．D解析：D【详解】句意：——现在的电视剧比以前多了。——这是真的。但都不合我的口味。我更喜欢西方电视剧。考查不定代词。all都；few没有多少；some一些；none一个也没有。根据“but”及“Ipreferwesterns”可知，没有一个是自己喜欢的，故选D。10．C解析：C【详解】句意：——很少有电影能比史蒂芬·斯皮尔伯格的电影对大众文化产生更大的影响。——这只是你的喜好。对我来说，他的作品不过是娱乐而已。考查复合不定代词。something某些事情；anything任何事情；nothing没有什么事情；everything一切事情。根据“It’sjustyourcupoftea.”可知，“我”并不认可对方对斯皮尔伯格的电影的评价，“我”认为他的电影不过是娱乐而已；nothingmorethan“只不过，仅仅”。故选C。11．A解析：A【详解】句意：——杰克，你又把外套忘在操场上了？——它不是我的。看，我的外套在包里。考查代词。mine我的，名词性物主代词；my我的，形容词性物主代词；your你的，形容词性物主代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；根据“Jack,youleftyourcoatintheplaygroundagain”问对方是否把外套忘在操场；结合答语“Look,mycoatisinmybag”可知此处指“那件外套不是我的”；此处是句子的表语，填名词性物主代词；故选A。12．D解析：D【详解】句意：年轻人应该学会照顾自己，变得更加独立。考查代词辨析。they他们，主格代词；them他们，宾格代词；their他们的，形容词性的物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。根据句中“andbemoreindependent”可知，应是年轻人应该学会照顾自己，故空处应是反身代词“他们自己”。故选D。三、选择题13．C解析：C【详解】句意：将建一座工厂来生产这种新能源汽车。考查名词辨析。position位置，职位；population人口；production生产，产品；pronunciation发音。根据句意可知，建工厂是为了新能源汽车的生产。故选C。14．C解析：C【详解】句意：——袁隆平和他的团队成功种植了盐水水稻。——我听说过。他对我国的农业做出了巨大的贡献。考查名词辨析。invention发明；competition竞争；contribution贡献；production生产。根据“YuanLongpingandhisteamhavesucceededinplantingsaltwaterrice”可知这里是说贡献很大，故选C。15．D解析：D【详解】句意：美国人类学家EdwardT.Hall说，在两个人的对话中，65%的交流是通过肢体语言完成的。考查名词。application申请；pronunciation发音；introduction介绍；communication交流。根据上文“inaconversationbetweentwopeople”提示，此处指的是在交流的过程中，故选D。16．B解析：B【详解】句意：由于市场需求的不断增长，盲盒的产量将迅速上升。考查名词辨析。pollution污染；production产品；pronunciation发音；population人口。根据“the…ofblindboxeswillquicklyrise”可知，是指盲盒这种产品的需求量会上升，故选B。四、选择题17．D解析：D【详解】句意：——我总是在班上取得最好的成绩，但是我感到压力很大。——为什么？你的父母对你太严格了吗？考查形容词辨析。angry生气的；satisfied满意的；bored无聊的；strict严格的。根据“butI’mfeelingstressed”可知，感到压力是猜测父母太严格，故选D。18．D解析：D【详解】句意：众所周知，情绪会影响我们的健康。考查形容词辨析。unusual不寻常的；special特殊的；general常规的，一般的；common普遍的。情绪会影响我们的健康，这是常识，即大家普遍知道的，故选D。19．C解析：C【详解】句意：学生们应该意识到即使是像节约用水和照顾一棵树这样的小事也能对我们的环境产生很大的影响。考查形容词辨析。alone独自的；awake醒着的；aware意识到的；alive活着的。根据下文“evenasmallthinglikesavingwaterandlookingafteratreecanmakeabigdifferencetoourenvironment”可知，这里是说学生应该意识到这个问题，需用beawarethat…，故选C。20．B解析：B【详解】句意：演讲者举了一些恰当的例子来使科学报告更容易理解。考查形容词辨析。awful可怕的；proper合适的，恰当的；stupid愚蠢的；tiring令人疲倦的。根据“makethesciencereporteasytounderstand”可知，是恰当的例子。故选B。21．B解析：B【详解】句意：——你有没有发现越来越多的游客来到我们的家乡？——你说得对。因为我们正在把淮安建设成一个充满活力的城市。考查形容词辨析。live实况转播的；lively充满活力的；living活的；alive活泼的。根据“That’sbecausewe’renowbuildingHuai’ana…city”可知，修饰某个城市，用lively符合语境，充满活力的一座城市，故选B。五、选择题22．D解析：D【详解】句意：这条小溪从高山中流出，穿过许多村庄和森林。考查介词辨析。across穿过（平面）；against倚，靠；beyond超过；through穿过（内部）。根据“…manyvillagesandforests”可知，是穿过村庄和森林内部，故选D。23．C解析：C【详解】句意：安徒生写的《丑小鸭》的故事几个世纪以来一直深受孩子们的欢迎。考查介词辨析。in在……里面；on在……上；by由，被；with和……一起。根据常识可知，《丑小鸭》的故事是由安徒生写的。故选C。24．B解析：B【详解】句意：这个女孩在她家乡是众所周知的歌手。考查动词短语及介词辨析。bewellknownas作为……出名，as后接表示身份或职业的名词；bebestknownfor以……而闻名。根据“Thegirlis…asinger”可知，此处指女孩作为歌手出名，C选项中的well-know表述有误，应是well-known，故第一空应为wellknownas。根据“…everyoneinherhometown”可知，此处指对每个人来说，她……，表示当事人对某事的主观看法，应用介词to而不用for。故选B。六、选择题25．B解析：B【详解】句意：我的哥哥经常放弃空余时间来帮助我的英语口语。考查动词短语。putsup张贴；givesup放弃；opensup开封；tidiesup收拾。根据“hissparetimetohelpmewithmyspokenEnglish”可知此处用动词短语givesup表示“放弃空余的时间”。故选B。26．C解析：C【详解】句意：雨已经停了，为什么不放好雨衣呢？考查动词短语词义辨析。takeaway拿走；passaway去世；putaway放好，储存；putoff推迟。根据“Therainhasstopped.”可知，指雨停了，为什么不放好雨衣呢。故选C。27．B解析：B【详解】句意：每当一种严重的疾病爆发，城市规划者就会想出新的办法来对付它。考查动词短语辨析。breaksdown发生故障；breaksout爆发；breaksinto闯入；breaksup分裂。根据disease和下文“cityplannerswillcomeupwithnewideastofightit”，可知是爆发疾病，故选B。28．D解析：D【详解】句意：——琳达为什么来中国？——体验中国文化，找到最适合自己的大学。考查动词短语辨析。turnout结果是，证明是；putout扑灭；runout用光；findout找出，查明。根据“…themostsuitableuniversitytoattend”可知，是找到最适合自己的大学。故选D。29．C解析：C【详解】句意：志愿者分发传单，鼓励更多的人正确分类垃圾。考查动词短语。putout扑灭；findout找出；handout分发；turnout结果是。根据“Volunteers...leafletstoencouragemorepeopletoseparaterubbishcorrectly.”可知，此处表示分发传单，应用handout。故选C。30．B解析：B【详解】句意：我爸爸很喜欢DIY。他想在厨房里装个碗柜。考查动词短语辨析。putup举起，张贴；putin安装；puton穿上；putaway整理。根据“He’stryingto…acupboardinthekitchen.”可知，是安装碗柜，故选B。31．B解析：B【详解】句意：——为了提高我的英语水平，我已经制定了一个详细的计划。——太棒了！我想你接下来要做的就是将它实施。考查动词短语。pickout挑选出；carryout实施；findout查明；pointout指出。根据“Ihavealreadymadeadetailedplan.”结合常识可知，有了计划后，下一步应是实施计划。故选B。32．B解析：B【详解】句意：科学家在做出结论之前，需要完成数个调查。考查动词短语词义辨析。giveup放弃；carryout实现，完成；hearof听说；lookfor寻找。根据“severalsurveysbeforemakingaconclusion”可知，指科学家在做出结论之前，需要完成数个调查。故选B。七、选择题33．B解析：B【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我南京锦绣博物馆在哪里吗？——沿着这条路走五分钟。你不会错过的。它是一座巨大的建筑。考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t不能，表禁止；can’t不可能，表否定推测；needn’t无需，指没有必要；shouldn’t不应该，表建议。根据下文“It’sahugebuilding”，可知不可能错过这么大的一座建筑，ACD三项不合语境，故选B。34．B解析：B【详解】句意：一个努力的人可能不会成为一位伟大的科学家，但一位伟大的科学家一定是一个努力的人。考查情态动词表推测。第一个空，can’t表示“不能”或“不可能”，maynot表示“可能不”，根据语境可知，努力的人可能成为伟大的科学家，也可能不会成为，因此排除选项A和C；第二个空，mustbe表示“一定是”，canbe表示“有时是、可以是”，根据题干前半句和but转折可知，此空应用肯定推测，即mustbe，排除选项D。故选B。35．B解析：B【详解】句意：——那位年轻女士的工作是什么？——她可能是个护士，我不确定。考查情态动词。must必须；may可能；need需要；would将会；根据“I’mnotsure.”可知，此处是不确定的推测，表示“可能”，应用may，故选B。36．D解析：D【详解】句意：我们已经讨论过这个计划的每个细节并且把一切都准备好了。但仍然有可能出错。我们仍然要非常细心。考查情态动词。must必须；should应该；would将；may可能。根据此处表示推测，应该用may表示可能性，故选D。37．C解析：C【详解】句意：——那是周先生吗？——肯定不是他。他去了北京。考查情态动词。can能，能够；may可能；can’t不可能，表示推测；shouldn’t不应该；根据“HehasgonetoBeijing.”可知，那个人不可能是周先生，故选C。38．A解析：A【详解】句意：——这样一件衣服要70美元！你一定是在开玩笑！——我是认真的。这是杭州的丝绸做的。考查情态动词辨析。must一定；need必须；will将；can能够。根据“Seventydollarsforsuchadress”可知，70美元竟然买这样一件衣服，认为对方一定是在开玩笑，故选A。八、选择题39．B解析：B【详解】句意：——你的工作做得多好啊！——你这么说真是太好了。它似乎比我想的容易得多。考查感叹句和动词时态辨析。分析句子可知，第一句是感叹句，work是不可数名词，用“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语”结构，可排除ACD三项；第三句根据语境可知动词think发生在过去，需用过去式thought，故选B。40．A解析：A【详解】句意：在沙滩上打排球多有趣啊！考查感叹句。fun名词，乐趣；Itisfuntodosth.做某事是有乐趣；这里是感叹句，感叹名词用what，fun是不可数名词。其结构是What+名词+主语+谓语。故选A。41．C解析：C【详解】句意：——你知道吗？星期天，中国不少地方的人们目睹了一年中最奇妙的事件——日环食。——多么令人兴奋的消息!据报道，整个日环食持续了大约三个半小时。考查冠词辨析。a和an是不定冠词，修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指一个……；an用于元音音素前；the是定冠词，修饰名词表示特指。第一个空考查的是固定短语quiteafew，意为“不少，相当多”；第二个空是感叹句，空后的news是不可数名词，因此应用“What+形容词+不可数名词”这一句型，不用冠词。故选C。42．C解析：C【详解】句意：时间过得多快！我们很快就要结束我们的初中生活了。考查感叹句。根据“...timeflies!”可知此处用“How+主语+谓语!”结构。故选C。43．D解析：D【详解】句意：天气是多么糟糕！恐怕我们得取消我们的运动会了。考查感叹句的用法。因为是跟形容词连用故用how，又因为天气是不可数名词，因此不宜用an，“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”故选D。九、选择题44．D解析：D【详解】句意：——你多久和你的朋友打一次篮球？——一周一次。考查特殊疑问句。howlong多久，多长；howmuch多少；howsoon多久以后；howoften多久一次。根据回答“Onlyonceaweek.”可知，此处是问频率，应该用howoften提问。故选D。45．B解析：B【详解】句意：——从你家到银行有多远？——步行大约十分钟。考查特殊疑问词辨析。Howoften多久一次；Howfar多远；Howlong多长时间；Howmuch多少。根据答语“Abouttenminutes’walk.”可知，空处的特殊疑问词应是对距离进行提问，应用howfar。故选B。46．D解析：D【详解】句意：——你多久检查一次机油？——一大约每5000公里。考查特殊疑问词。howfar多远；howlong多长；howmuch多少；howoften多久一次；根据回答“Aboutevery5,000km.”可知，此处问的是多久检查一次，提问频率用howoften，故选D。47．B解析：B【详解】句意：——你买这台电脑多久了？——两个月。考查特殊疑问句。howmuch多钱；howlong多久；howfar多远；howoften多久一次。根据答语“Fortwomonths.”可知，是对时间段进行提问，用疑问词howlong，故选B。48．A解析：A【详解】句意：——从我家到观云高铁站有多远？——我不知道。也许在几英里之外。考查特殊疑问句。Howfar多远，对距离提问；Howsoon多久，对将来时间提问；Howoften多久一次，对频率提问；Howlong多长，对时间或长度提问。根据答语“Perhapsafewmilesaway.”可知，此处回答的是距离，所以是对距离提问。故选A。49．C解析：C【详解】句意：——无锡地铁三号线工程将在多久完成？——不会花很长时间。仅仅三个月后。考查特殊疑问句，Howlong指时间多久或物体多长，时间侧重指一段时间，回答一般是时间段；Howfar指路程和距离，表示多远；Howsoon指某人某事能多块时间完成，表示多久以后，回答一般是in＋时间；Howoften指频率，表示多少时间一次或每个多久。根据答语“inaboutthreemonths三个月之后”，故选C。十、选择题50．D解析：D【详解】句意：我们确信我们城市的环境通过我们的努力在不远的将来会得到很大的改善。考查一般将来时的被动语态。improved是动词过去式；wasimproved是一般过去时的被动语态；hasimproved是现在完成时；willbeimproved一般将来时的被动语态。本题是that引导的宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，从句时态不受限制，结合inthenearfuture可知用一般将来时，主语theenvironment是动词improve的承受者，故用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will+be+过去分词”；结合选项，可知前面三项不符合句意结构，故选D。51．B解析：B【详解】句意：青霉素最早是在二十世纪初被弗莱明发现的。考查动词。本句时态为一般过去式，主语为Penicililn，故用被动语态，动词用过去分词。invented动词，发明；discovered动词，发现；created动词，创造；produced动词，生产。根据句意和常识可知，青霉素是被弗莱明发现的，此处填写“发现”的含义。discover符合题意，故选B。52．D解析：D【详解】句意：火神山医院和雷神山医院将在10天内建成，这让全世界都感到惊讶。考查时态及语态。completed一般过去时；werecompleted一般过去时的被动语态；willcomplete一般将来时；willbecompleted一般将来时的被动语态；根据“in10days.”可知在未来的10天，可推测出此处是一般将来时，所以用“willbecompleted”，故选D。53．D解析：D【详解】句意：在我们城市即将举办的机器人展上将展出各种各样的机器人。考查一般将来时的被动语态。display一般现在时；aredisplayed一般现在时的被动语态；willdisplay一般将来时；willbedisplayed一般将来时的被动语态。根据句中时间状语“inthecomingrobotshow”可知，本句时态是一般将来时；又因为本句主语Differentkindsofrobots是动作display的承受者，所以此处应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。54．C解析：C【详解】句意：——刚才我在学校门口看到几箱书。——他们将被送给贫困地区的儿童。考查时态。weresent一般过去式被动语态；aresent一般现在时被动语态；willbesent一般将来时被动语态；werebeingsent；过去进行时被动语态；根据上文“Isawseveralboxesofbooksatthegateofourschooljustnow”推断动词还未发生，用一般将来时；故选C。十一、选择题55．A解析：A【解析】A【命题动向】考查时态。解析一：根据后面的语境“嗯，工作很难，我总是很累’，可知句子说明的是现在的情况，意为“我听说你在一个酒吧上班”.应该用现在进行时。解析二：本题意为“我听说你在一个酒吧里工作。怎么样?恩，工作不轻松.我时常觉