2026年中考英语专题复习：情景交际 讲义（含练习题及答案）

第第页2026年中考英语专题复习：情景交际讲义情景交际是中考英语考查的重要内容，主要考查学生在不同情境下运用英语进行交际的能力。近三年全国各省市中考题中，情景交际类题目平均每套试卷出现3-5题，主要分布在单项选择、补全对话和书面表达三大题型中，分值占比约10%-15%。一、情景交际核心考点梳理（一）日常问候与应答基础问候语Hello!/Hi!你好！Goodmorning/afternoon/evening!早上/下午/晚上好！Howareyou?你好吗？Howdoyoudo?你好！（初次见面）Nicetomeetyou.很高兴认识你。常见应答语Fine,thankyou.Andyou?很好，谢谢。你呢？I'mdoingwell,thanks.我很好，谢谢。Notbad.还不错。Nicetomeetyou,too.我也很高兴认识你。告别用语Goodbye!/Bye!再见！Seeyoulater/tomorrow.待会儿/明天见。Haveagoodday!祝你今天愉快！Goodnight.晚安。例：—HowareyougettingonwithyourEnglishstudy?（2024·天津中考）—______A.I'mfine.B.Thankyou.C.Notbad.D.You'rewelcome.答案：C（二）感谢与道歉感谢用语Thankyou(verymuch).（非常）感谢你。Thanksalot.非常感谢。Thankyouforyourhelp.谢谢你的帮助。It'sverykindofyou.你真好。感谢应答语You'rewelcome.不客气。That'sallright.没关系。Notatall.不用谢。Mypleasure.乐意效劳。道歉用语Sorry./I'msorry.对不起。Excuseme.打扰一下。I'msorryfor...我为……感到抱歉。Iapologizefor...我为……道歉。道歉应答语Itdoesn'tmatter.没关系。Nevermind.不要紧。That'sokay.没关系。Don'tworryaboutit.别担心。例：—I'msorryforbreakingyourcup.（2024·浙江杭州中考）—______A.You'rewelcome.B.It'snothing.C.It'smypleasure.D.Thankyou.答案：B（三）请求与提供帮助请求用语Can/Couldyou...?你能……吗？MayI...?我可以……吗？Wouldyoumind...?你介意……吗？Couldyoupleasehelpme?你能帮我一下吗？请求应答语（同意）Sure./Certainly.当然可以。Ofcourse.当然。Withpleasure.很乐意。Noproblem.没问题。请求应答语（拒绝）I'msorry,but...对不起，但是……I'mafraidIcan't.恐怕我不能。I'dliketo,but...我想，但是……提供帮助用语CanIhelpyou?我能帮你吗？WhatcanIdoforyou?我能为你做什么？Wouldyoulikesomehelp?你需要帮助吗？Letmehelpyou.让我帮你。接受/拒绝帮助应答语Yes,please.是的，请。Thatwouldbegreat.那太好了。No,thankyou.Icanmanage.不用了，谢谢。我能行。例：—______Iuseyourdictionary?Ileftmineathome.（2023·北京中考）—Sure,hereyouare.A.MustB.ShouldC.MayD.Need答案：C（四）邀请与应答邀请用语Wouldyouliketo...?你想……吗？Canyoucometo...?你能来……吗？I'dliketoinviteyouto...我想邀请你……Howabout...?……怎么样？接受邀请应答语Yes,I'dloveto.是的，我很乐意。Thatsoundsgreat.听起来很棒。I'dbegladto.我很乐意。Thankyouforinvitingme.谢谢你邀请我。拒绝邀请应答语I'msorry,Ican't.对不起，我不能。I'dloveto,but...我很想去，但是……I'mafraidIhaveotherplans.恐怕我有其他计划。Whatapity!Maybenexttime.真遗憾！也许下次吧。例：—Wouldyouliketogotothecinemawithmetonight?（2023·广东中考）—______,butIhavetopreparefortheexam.A.Yes,IwouldB.I'dlovetoC.No,Iwouldn'tD.I'mafraidnot答案：B（五）建议与劝告建议用语You'dbetter...你最好……Whynot...?为什么不……？How/Whatabout...?……怎么样？Let's...让我们……Maybeyoushould...也许你应该……建议应答语（同意）Goodidea!好主意！That'sagoodidea.那是个好主意。Soundsgood.听起来不错。Ithinkso.我也这么认为。建议应答语（不同意）I'mnotsure.我不确定。Idon'tthinkthat'sagoodidea.我认为那不是个好主意。Maybenot.也许不行。例：—It'srainingheavily.Howcanwegotothestation?（2024·江苏苏州中考）—______takingataxi?A.WhynotB.Let'sC.WhataboutD.Wouldyoulike答案：C（六）购物用语店员常用语CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?你想买什么？Whatsizedoyouwant?你想要什么尺寸？Whatcolorwouldyoulike?你想要什么颜色？Howmuchisit?/Howmucharethey?多少钱？Thisway,please.请这边走。Anythingelse?还要别的吗？顾客常用语Iwant/wouldlike...我想要……Howmuchdoesitcost?这个多少钱？CanItryiton?我可以试穿一下吗？Doyouhavethisinalarger/smallersize?这个有大/小一号的吗？It'stooexpensive.太贵了。Canyougivemeadiscount?能打折吗？I'lltakeit.我买了。I'dliketopaybycreditcard.我想用信用卡付款。例：—______?（2023·山东青岛中考）—I'dliketobuyapairofshoes.A.WhatdoyoudoB.WhatcanIdoforyouC.WhatsizedoyouwearD.Howmucharetheshoes答案：B（七）就餐用语服务员常用语MayItakeyourorder?可以点餐了吗？Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?想喝点什么吗？Anythingelse?还要别的吗？Howwouldyoulikeyoursteak?你的牛排要几分熟？Yourorderwillbereadysoon.你的餐很快就好。Here'syourfood.这是你的食物。Enjoyyourmeal.祝您用餐愉快。CanIgetyouanythingelse?还需要别的吗？Wouldyoulikedessert?要来点甜点吗？顾客常用语I'dliketohave...我想要……What'stoday'sspecial?今天的特色菜是什么？CouldIhavethemenu,please?请给我菜单好吗？I'llhavethesame.我也要一样的。Thisisn'twhatIordered.这不是我点的。CanIhavethebill,please?请给我账单好吗？Couldwehaveseparatebills?我们可以分开结账吗？例：—MayItakeyourordernow?（2024·湖北武汉中考）—______A.Yes,I'dlikesomenoodles.B.No,youcan't.C.Yes,hewillhavesomecoffee.D.No,Idon'thavetime.答案：A（八）问路与指路问路用语Excuseme,whereis...?打扰一下，……在哪里？HowcanIgetto...?我怎么去……？Whichisthewayto...?哪条是去……的路？Istherea...nearhere?这附近有……吗？Howfarisitfromhere?离这儿有多远？Howlongwillittaketogetthere?到那里要多长时间？CanItakeabusthere?我可以乘公交车去吗？指路用语Gostraight.直走。Turnleft/right.向左/右转。Goalongthisstreet.沿着这条街走。It'sonyourleft/right.在你的左/右边。It'sacrossfrom...在……对面。It'snextto...在……旁边。YoucantakebusNo.5.你可以乘5路公交车。It'sabout10minutes'walk.步行大约10分钟。Youwon'tmissit.你不会错过的。例：—Excuseme,howcanIgettothenearestbank?（2023·四川成都中考）—______A.It'sonthesecondfloor.B.YoucantaketheNo.3bus.C.You'rewelcome.D.Thankyouallthesame.答案：B二、中考真题精讲精练（一）单项选择真题1（2024·北京中考）—______?—IhaveaheadacheandIdon'tfeellikeeatinganything.A.HowareyouB.What'sthematterC.WhatcanIdoforyouD.Howdoyoulikeit答案：B解析：本题考查就医场景的交际用语。根据答语"我头痛，不想吃东西"可知，问句应该是询问对方怎么了。A项"你好吗"是日常问候；B项"怎么了"用于询问对方身体不适；C项"我能为你做什么"是提供帮助；D项"你觉得怎么样"是询问对方的看法。故选B。真题2（2023·广东中考）—Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?—______.It'sabitcoldtoday.A.NevermindB.You'dbetternotC.OfcoursenotD.Noproblem答案：B解析：本题考查请求与应答的交际用语。问句"你介意我开窗吗"，根据答语"今天有点冷"可知，应该是介意对方开窗。A项"没关系"用于回答道歉；B项"你最好不要"表示委婉拒绝；C项"当然不介意"表示同意；D项"没问题"表示同意。故选B。真题3（2024·江苏苏州中考）—Thankyouforshowingmearoundtheschool.—______A.Noproblem.B.Nevermind.C.Ofcoursenot.D.Mypleasure.答案：D解析：本题考查感谢与应答的交际用语。对方向你表示感谢，应该回答"不客气"或"乐意效劳"。A项"没问题"用于回答请求；B项"没关系"用于回答道歉；C项"当然不"用于回答一般疑问句；D项"乐意效劳"用于回答感谢。故选D。真题4（2023·浙江杭州中考）—______?—Yes,I'dlikeacupofcoffee.A.HowareyouB.CanIhelpyouC.What'syournameD.Whereareyoufrom答案：B解析：本题考查服务场景的交际用语。根据答语"是的，我想要一杯咖啡"可知，问句应该是服务人员询问顾客需要什么。A项"你好吗"是日常问候；B项"我能帮你吗"是服务人员常用语；C项"你叫什么名字"是询问姓名；D项"你来自哪里"是询问籍贯。故选B。真题5（2024·山东济南中考）—Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?—______A.Hereyouare.B.Itdoesn'tmatter.C.I'msorrytohearthat.D.You'rewelcome.答案：A解析：本题考查请求与应答的交际用语。问句"你能把盐递给我吗"是一个请求，应该回答同意或拒绝。A项"给你"表示同意并提供帮助；B项"没关系"用于回答道歉；C项"听到这个消息我很难过"用于回应坏消息；D项"不客气"用于回答感谢。故选A。（二）补全对话真题6（2023·湖北武汉中考）根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。A:Hello,thisisTomspeaking.B:Hello,Tom.ThisisMary.1.______A:I'mwatchingTVathome.B:2.______A:I'mwatchingatalkshow.B:3.______A:It'sinteresting.Ilikeitverymuch.B:4.______A:Yes,Ido.Iwatchiteveryweekend.B:5.______A:Sure.I'llcallyouthen.B:OK.Seeyou.A:Seeyou.A.Whatareyouwatching?B.Doyouoftenwatchit?C.Whatareyoudoing?D.Whereareyougoing?E.Whatdoyouthinkofit?F.Let'swatchittogethernextweekend.G.HowoftendoyouwatchTV?答案：1.C2.A3.E4.B5.F解析：本题考查打电话场景的交际用语。根据答语"我正在家看电视"可知，问句应该是询问对方正在做什么，故选C。根据答语"我正在看脱口秀"可知，问句应该是询问对方正在看什么，故选A。根据答语"很有趣，我非常喜欢"可知，问句应该是询问对方对节目的看法，故选E。根据答语"是的，我每个周末都看"可知，问句应该是询问对方是否经常看这个节目，故选B。根据答语"当然，我那时会给你打电话"可知，问句应该是提出某个建议，故选F。三、模拟强化训练（一）单项选择1.（2025·河北石家庄模拟）—______?—I'dliketobookaroomfortwonights.A.WhatcanIdoforyouB.HowmuchistheroomC.WhereisthehotelD.Whenwillyouarrive2.（2025·浙江杭州模拟）—Sorry,I'mlateforthemeeting.—______.Themeetingjuststartedaminuteago.A.You'rewelcomeB.That'sallrightC.You'dbetternotD.It'stoobad3.（2025·江苏南京模拟）—______!Thetrafficlightisred.—Oh,thanksforremindingme.A.HurryupB.BecarefulC.Don'tmoveD.Comeon4.（2025·广东广州模拟）—Wouldyouliketogototheconcertwithmetonight?—______,butIhavetofinishmyhomeworkfirst.A.I'dlovetoB.I'mafraidnotC.No,Ican'tD.That'sallright5.（2025·山东济南模拟）—______?—It'ssunnyandwarm.A.What'stheweatherliketodayB.How'syourweekendC.What'sthedatetodayD.Howdoyouliketheweather（二）补全对话6.（2025·湖北武汉模拟）根据对话内容，在空白处填入适当的句子，使对话完整、通顺。A:Hi,Jack!Longtimenosee.1.____________________?B:IwenttoBeijingformyvacation.A:2.____________________?B:Iwenttherewithmyfamily.A:____________________?B:WevisitedtheGreatWall,thePalaceMuseumandsomeotherplacesofinterest.A:4.____________________?B:Itwasgreat!Wehadagoodtimethere.A:5.____________________?B:Yes,Iboughtsomegiftsformyfriends.7.（2025·四川成都模拟）根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。A:Goodmorning,doctor.B:Goodmorning.1.______A:Ihaveasorethroatandaheadache.B:2.______A:Fortwodays.B:3.______A:Yes,Ihaveafever.Mytemperatureis38.5℃.B:Letmecheckyouover.Openyourmouthandsay"Ah".A:Ah...B:4.______Youhaveacold.A:5.______B:Youshouldtakethismedicinethreetimesadayanddrinkmorewater.Youshouldalsohaveagoodrest.A:Thankyou,doctor.B:You'rewelcome.What'sthematterwithyou?Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?WhatshouldIdo?D.Doyouhaveafever?E.Whatareyoudoinghere?F.Don'tworry.G.You'llbebettersoon.四、闯关测试（20题）一、单项选择（10题）—Hello,mayIspeaktoMr.Smith?—______.He'sinthemeetingnow.A.Speaking,pleaseB.Holdon,pleaseC.ThisisMr.SmithD.I'mafraidhecan'tanswerthephone—______?—I'mlookingforapairofblackshoes.A.WhatdoyouwantB.WhatcanIdoforyouC.HowmucharetheshoesD.Whatsizedoyouwear—Wouldyoulikesomemorerice?—______.I'mfull.A.Yes,pleaseB.No,thanksC.I'dlovetoD.Yes,Iwould—______!Ourteamwonthebasketballgame.—Really?That'sgreatnews!A.AttentionB.SurpriseC.CongratulationsD.Cheers—I'msorryIbrokeyourvase.—______.It'snotabigdeal.A.You'rewelcomeB.Itdoesn'tmatterC.OfcoursenotD.Mypleasure—______?—It'sNovember15th.A.WhatdayisittodayB.What'sthetimenowC.What'sthedatetodayD.How'stheweathertoday—Couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothenearestpostoffice?—______.Gostraightandturnleftatthefirstcrossing.A.Sorry,I'mnewhereB.CertainlyC.That'sallrightD.Idon'tknow—Howdoyoulikethemoviewesawyesterday?—______.Iwanttoseeitagain.A.It'sboringB.Justso-soC.It'sfantasticD.Idon'tlikeit—______?—I'dliketogotothebeach.A.WherewouldyouliketogoB.WhatareyougoingtodoC.HowwillyougetthereD.Whenwillyouleave—______?—Yes,I'dlikeatablefortwo.A.What'syournameB.DoyouhaveareservationC.CanIhelpyouD.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink二、补全对话（10题）（A）根据对话内容，在空白处填入适当的句子，使对话完整、通顺。1.A:Hi,Tom!1.____________________?B:I'mgoingtothelibrary.A:2.____________________?B:I'mgoingtoborrowsomebooksabouthistory.A:3.____________________?B:Yes,Ilikehistoryverymuch.A:4.____________________?B:Becauseitcanhelpmelearnaboutthepast.A:5.____________________?B:Iusuallygotothelibrarytwiceaweek.（B）根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。A:Hi,Lucy!Longtimenosee.6.______B:Iwenttothecountrysideformyvacation.A:7.______B:Iwenttherewithmyparents.A:8.______B:Wewenttherebycar.A:9.______B:Westayedthereforaweek.A:10.______B:Itwasgreat!Weenjoyedthefreshairandthebeautifulscenery.Wheredidyougoforyourvacation?Whodidyougowith?Howdidyougothere?Howlongdidyoustaythere?Whatdidyoudothere?F.Howwasyourtrip?G.Didyouhaveagoodtime?五、闯关测试答案与解析一、单项选择1.答案：D解析：本题考查打电话场景的交际用语。根据答语"他现在正在开会"可知，Mr.Smith不能接电话。A项"请讲"用于接电话人就是对方要找的人；B项"请稍等"用于让对方等待；C项"我是Mr.Smith"用于自我介绍；D项"恐怕他不能接电话"表示对方要找的人无法接电话。故选D。2.答案：B解析：本题考查购物场景的交际用语。根据答语"我正在找一双黑色的鞋"可知，这是在购物场景中，店员询问顾客需要什么。A项"你想要什么"语气直接，不够礼貌；B项"我能为你做什么"是店员常用的礼貌用语；C项"这双鞋多少钱"用于询问价格；D项"你穿多大码"用于询问尺码。故选B。3.答案：B解析：本题考查就餐场景的交际用语。问句"你想再来点米饭吗"，根据答语"我饱了"可知，应该是不需要了。A项"是的，请"表示接受；B项"不用了，谢谢"表示拒绝并感谢；C项"我很乐意"用于回答邀请；D项"是的，我想"用于回答wouldlike引导的问句，但此处根据语境应该拒绝。故选B。4.答案：C解析：本题考查祝贺场景的交际用语。根据答语"真的吗？那是个好消息"可知，应该是告诉对方一个好消息并表示祝贺。A项"注意"用于提醒；B项"惊喜"用于给对方惊喜；C项"恭喜"用于祝贺对方；D项"干杯"用于祝酒。故选C。5.答案：B解析：本题考查道歉与应答的交际用语。对方向你道歉，应该回答"没关系"。A项"不客气"用于回答感谢；B项"没关系"用于回答道歉；C项"当然不"用于回答一般疑问句；D项"乐意效劳"用