专题01 非限制性定语从句（方法技巧+高考模拟）（期末复习讲义）（解析版）

3/3专题01非限制性定语从句（期末复习讲义）年份卷别考点考情分析2025浙江卷关系代词which【考向透视】考点分布：关系代词(which/who/whose)考查频率>关系副词(where/when)考查重点：非限制性定语从句的识别(逗号标志)关系词与先行词的逻辑关系(指代人/物/时间/地点)which与as的区别用法(句首只能用as)that不能用于非限制性定语从句(高频易错点)。【复习目标】1.准确识别非限制性定语从句(通过逗号与主句分隔的特点)2.熟练掌握关系词基本用法。新高考II卷关系副词where2024新高考I卷关系代词which北京卷关系代词who2023全国甲卷关系副词where北京卷关系代词which非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句知识点01定义与基本特征定义：对先行词进行补充说明，去掉后不影响主句意思的完整性，与主句之间用逗号隔开。基本特征：必用逗号分隔主句与从句；不能用that引导；关系词一般不能省略（except,but,as除外的特殊情况）；④先行词可指人、物、整个主句内容。与限制性定语从句的核心区别：限制性定语从句无逗号，去掉后主句意思不完整；非限制性定语从句有逗号，仅起补充说明作用。【即时检测】Mysister,____________________isadoctor,willcometoseemethisweekend.Thisbook,____________________coverisblue,waswrittenbyafamouswriter.Hepassedtheexam,____________________madehisparentsveryhappy.WevisitedBeijing,____________________isthecapitalofChina,lastsummer.Thegirl,____________________wemetatthepartyyesterday,singsverywell.Iboughtanewphone,____________________costme5,000yuan.【答案】1.who2.whose3.which4.which5.whom6.which知识点02关系代词的用法which：指代物或整个主句内容，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；不能指代人，不能用that替换。who/whom：who指代人，在从句中作主语；whom指代人，在从句中作宾语（可省略，但非限制性从句中建议保留）。whose：指代人或物的“……的”，在从句中作定语，可替换为“ofwhich/whom”（物用ofwhich，人用ofwhom）。as：可指代整个主句内容，常与such,as,so,thesame连用，或用于句首；在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。【即时检测】Thefactory,____________________producestoys,hasbeeninoperationfor20years.Mr.Li,____________________werespectdeeply,hastaughtEnglishfor30years.Thehouse,____________________windowsfacesouth,getsplentyofsunshine.____________________isknowntoall,theearthgoesaroundthesun.Hehasthesamepen____________________Iboughtyesterday.Theproject,____________________weworkedonforhalfayear,wasagreatsuccess.【答案】1.which2.whom3.whose4.As5.as6.which知识点03关系副词的用法when：指代时间，在从句中作时间状语，可替换为“介词+which”（如inwhich,onwhich）。where：指代地点，在从句中作地点状语，可替换为“介词+which”（如inwhich,atwhich）。why：非限制性定语从句中极少用why，若表“原因”，常用forwhich替代（先行词多为reason）。・注意：关系副词在非限制性定语从句中不可省略，且不能用that替换。【即时检测】Istillremembertheday,____________________Ifirstcametothisschool.Shanghai,____________________Iwasborn,isamoderncity.Hegavenoreason,____________________wasacceptableforus.Wewillgotothecountryside,____________________theairisfresh.Theyear2020,____________________theCOVID-19brokeout,wasanunusualyear.Thereason,____________________heexplainedatthemeeting,wasnotconvincing.【答案】1.when2.where3.which4.where5.when6.which知识点04特殊用法：介词+关系代词结构：介词+which/whom（非限制性定语从句中，介词可置于关系代词前，此时关系代词不能用that，也不能省略）。・介词选择依据：①先行词的固定搭配（如attentionto,keyto）；②从句中谓语动词的固定搭配（如listento,dependon）；③句子的语义逻辑。・常见结构：inwhich,onwhich,atwhich,forwhich,withwhich,aboutwhich,ofwhom等。【即时检测】Thebook,____________________Ipaid100yuan,isveryvaluable.Thegirl,____________________wetalkedjustnow,isourmonitor.Thisisthehouse,____________________windowsfacetheriver.Heboughtanewcar,____________________hespentallhissavings.Thereason,____________________hewaslate,wasthathemissedthebus.Theman,____________________wegotmuchhelp,movedtoanothercity.【答案】1.forwhich2.withwhom3.ofwhich4.onwhich5.forwhich6.fromwhom易｜错｜点｜拨1.易错点1：误用that引导非限制性定语从句规避方法：牢记非限制性定语从句的核心规则——无论先行词是人还是物，均不能用that引导，直接排除that选项。2.易错点2：as与which的位置混淆规避方法：形成固定认知——as可放句首，which绝对不能；句中/句末表“正如”用as，表“这件事”用which。3.易错点3：介词+关系代词的介词搭配错误规避方法：积累高频固定搭配（如devote...to→towhich,livein→inwhich），做题时先锁定搭配对象（先行词/谓语动词），再确定介词。4.易错点4：省略不该省略的关系词规避方法：非限制性定语从句中，除as引导的固定句式（如asweknow）外，关系代词/副词一般不能省略，尤其是“介词+关系代词”结构中的关系代词。5.易错点5：whose与ofwhich/whom的转换错误规避方法：明确转换规则——whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich（物）/the+名词+ofwhom（人），如whosewindows=thewindowsofwhich。6.易错点6：忽略逗号的作用（混淆两种定语从句）规避方法：做题时先看是否有逗号，有逗号大概率是非限制性，直接按非限制性规则解题；无逗号再考虑限制性的特殊用法。解｜题｜技｜巧1.先判类型：区分限制性与非限制性看到逗号分隔主句与从句，优先判断为非限制性定语从句，直接排除that引导的选项；无逗号则可能是限制性定语从句，需进一步分析。2.锁定先行词：明确修饰对象找准先行词（人、物、时间、地点或整个主句），是选择关系词的核心依据。若先行词是人，优先考虑who/whom/whose；若为物，优先考虑which/whose；若为时间/地点，优先考虑when/where（或介词+which）。3.分析成分：确定关系词功能判断关系词在从句中所作成分：作主语/宾语/表语，用关系代词（which/who/whom/whose/as）；作时间/地点/原因状语，用关系副词（when/where/forwhich）。4.介词选择：依托搭配与逻辑遇到“介词+关系代词”结构，先回忆先行词或从句谓语动词的固定搭配（如keyto→towhich）；无固定搭配时，根据句子语义逻辑确定介词（如“花费金钱在某物上”→onwhich）。5.as与which辨析：抓位置与搭配句首必用as；与such/so/thesame连用必用as；句中/句末表“这一点”用which；表“正如”用as。基础通关（测试时间：10分钟）Mybrother,____________________worksinBeijing,willcomebacknextmonth.Thiscomputer,____________________Iboughtlastyear,worksverywell.____________________isknowntoeveryone,thesunrisesintheeast.Thecity,____________________Igrewup,isverybeautiful.Shehasanewdress,____________________colorispink.Hefailedtheexam,____________________madehisteacherangry.Thegirl,____________________youmetatthegate,ismycousin.Wewillvisitthefarm,____________________myuncleworks.Thebook,____________________coverisbroken,isstilluseful.____________________isreported,anewbridgewillbebuiltovertheriver.Hegavemeapen,____________________Ilikeverymuch.Theman,____________________iswearingabluecoat,ismyfather.Theyear2024,____________________wewillgraduate,iscomingsoon.Thisisthepark,____________________weoftenplaybasketball.Shetoldmeastory,____________________wasveryinteresting.Theboy,____________________parentsaredoctors,studieshard.【答案】1.who2.which3.As4.where5.whose6.which7.whom8.where9.whose10.As11.which12.who13.when14.where15.which16.whose重难突破（测试时间：10分钟）Hehassuchagoodmemory____________________nooneelsehas.Thehouse,____________________welivedforfiveyears,wassoldlastmonth.Shewonthefirstprize,____________________wehadexpected.Theman,____________________weaskedfordirections,wasverykind.Thisisthemagazine,____________________Igotmuchinformationabouthistory.Hewaslateagain,____________________wasnotsurprising.Thegirl,____________________hairislongandblack,singsverywell.____________________wehadhoped,ourteamwonthegame.Thecar,____________________enginewasdamaged,couldn’tbedriven.Sheintroducedmetoherfriend,____________________Ihadheardalot.Theday,____________________wecelebratedourgraduation,wasunforgettable.Helentmeadictionary,____________________isveryusefulformyEnglishstudy.Thereason,____________________herefusedtheinvitation,wasnotclear.Suchnovels____________________youreadarenotsuitableforteenagers.【答案】1.as2.inwhich3.as4.towhom5.fromwhich6.which7.whose8.As9.whose10.ofwhom11.onwhich12.which13.forwhich14.as链接高考（测试时间：15分钟）（2025年新高考I卷・模拟题）Thetraditionalfestival,____________________hasahistoryofover2,000years,iscelebratedbypeoplealloverthecountry.（2025年・模拟题）Sheintroducedmetoherteacher,____________________Ihadheardalotabout.（2024年新高考I卷・模拟题）TheSilkRoad,____________________connectedtheEastandtheWestinancienttimes,isstillofgreatimportancetoday.（2024年新高考II卷・模拟题）Hewroteabook,____________________mainthemeistheimportanceoffriendship.（2024年浙江卷1月・模拟题）____________________isoftenthecase,hegotuplatethismorninga