湖北省荆州市沙市中学2025-2026学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题

2025—2026学年度上学期2024级10月月考英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwasthewomandissatisfiedwithaboutthegym?A.Thewaterbar.B.Thechangingroom.C.Thefitnessequipment.2.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Keepwaiting.B.Gobackhome.C.Gotoanotherrestaurant.3.HowdoesHenryfeelnow?A.Proud.B.Tired.C.Grateful.4.WhenwillthemanprobablymeetDr.Banks?A.At8:20.B.At8:50.C.At9:20.5.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Acharityevent.B.Avolunteer.C.Arestaurant.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatdoesthemanhavetodothismorning?A.Treatfriendsathome.B.Finishreadingapaper.C.Lookafterhisbabysister.7.Whatwillthewomando?A.Lendthemanherputer.B.Visittheman’shouse.C.Gotothelibrary.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whydoesthemanturntothewoman?A.Hehastoworklate.B.Hehastogetgroceries.C.Hehasapackagetoe.9.Whatisthemangetting?A.Aboxoffruit.B.Somealcohol.C.Somesportsequipment.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers’kids?A.Theyareundertheageof21.B.They’llreturnhomeby3:00pm.C.They’llpracticesoccerat5:00pm.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Fellowpassengers.C.Airhostandpassenger.12.WhydoesthemangotoFrance?A.Togosightseeing.B.Togoshopping.C.Tobeonbusiness.13.Wheredoesthewomanefrom?A.TheNetherlands.B.Britain.C.Thailand.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.Whichofthefollowingappealstothewomanmost?A.ShaolinKungFu.B.WingChun.C.TaiChi.15.Whatdoesthemanappreciateaboutdrunkenboxing?A.Itshealthbenefits.B.Itsinterestingeffects.C.Itsgracefulmovements.16.Whatdothespeakerstalkaboutintheend?A.ThesignificanceofChinesemartialarts.B.ThenewconceptofChinesephilosophy.C.Thevariousformsofselfdefense.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatdegreedidthespeakerhaveatuniversity?A.Psychology.B.Artanddesign.C.puterprogramming.18.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutPurpleMoon?A.Itwasabigchallengeforher.B.Itprovidedamultiplayerexperience.C.Itwasthemostsuccessfulofallhergames.19Whatisthehardestpartaboutdesigningagame?A.Creatingagreatexperience.B.Settingitsdifficultylevel.C.ingupwithnewideas.20.Whatisthemostimportantqualityofagoodgamedesigner?A.munication.B.Creativity.C.Devotion.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APopMart:TheMysteryBehindBlindBoxesInthepastdecade,PopMarthasrevolutionizedtoycollectingthroughitsinnovativeblindboxconcept.Thesesmall,sealedpackagescontainingrandomcollectiblefigureshavecreatedaglobalcraze,particularlyamongteenagersandyoungadults.TheBlindBoxPhenomenonStandardblindboxesarepricedat¥59—69($8—10)inChina,whileinternationalmarketsseehigherpricesupto$15intheUSand£12intheUK.Theexcitementesfromnotknowingwhichofthe12possiblefiguresyou’llget,withrare“hidden”versionsappearingonlyonceinevery144boxes.Thissystemhasprovenincrediblysuccessful,withPopMart’s2024revenuereaching¥13billion($1.8billion).GlobalExpansionChallengesAsPopMartexpandedtoover30countries,problemsemerged.InLondon,alimitededitionLabubureleasecausedsuchcrowdingthatpolicewerecalled.Meanwhile,fakeversionsofpopularfiguresfloodedmarketsinSoutheastAsia,sellingforhalfthepricebutwithpoorqualityMembershipBenefitsTomaintaincustomerloyalty,PopMartoffers:*1membershippointper¥1spent*EarlyaccesstonewreleasesforGoldmembers(¥5,000+annualspending)*Increasedchances(from1/144to1/72)offindinghiddenfigureswhenbuyingfullsets1.Whatmakesblindboxesparticularlyattractiveforbuyers?A.Theirlowcost. B.Theirlargesize.C.Theirmysteriouscontent. D.Theireducationalvalue.2.WhichbenefitdoGoldmembersreceivewhenpurchasingfullsetsofblindboxes?A.FreeshippingonallordersB.DoublemembershippointsperpurchaseC.GuaranteedhiddenfigureineveryfullsetD.Increasedchanceoffindinghiddenfigures(from1/144to1/72)3.Basedonthearticle,whichofthebestexplainswhythisblindboxmodelissosuccessful?A.Thehighpriceofblindboxesensurespremiumquality.BPopMartonlysellslimitededitionfiguresincertaincountries.C.Therandomnatureandrarityofhiddenfigurescreaterepeatedpurchases.D.Thepanyavoidsinternationalexpansiontopreventcounterfeitproducts.【答案】1.C2.D3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了泡泡玛特（PopMart）凭借创新的盲盒概念革新玩具收藏领域，包括盲盒现象、全球扩张面临的挑战以及会员福利等内容。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“TheBlindBoxPhenomenon”中的“Theexcitementesfromnotknowingwhichofthe12possiblefiguresyou’llget,withrare“hidden”versionsappearingonlyonceinevery144boxes.(令人兴奋的是，你不知道你会得到12个可能的数字中的哪一个，每144个盒子中只出现一个罕见的“隐藏”版本。)”可知是“隐藏”版本，也就是神秘的内容让盲盒对买家特别有吸引力，故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“MembershipBenefits”中的“Increasedchances（from1/144to1/72）offindinghiddenfigureswhenbuyingfullsets(购买整套时，找到隐藏款的概率从1/144提升至1/72)”可知会员购买全套盲盒增加发现隐藏人物的几率（从1/144增加到1/72），故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“TheBlindBoxPhenomenon”中的“Theexcitementesfromnotknowingwhichofthe12possiblefiguresyou’llget,withrare“hidden”versionsappearingonlyonceinevery144boxes.Thissystemhasprovenincrediblysuccessful,withPopMart’s2024revenuereaching¥13billion（$1.8billion）.(令人兴奋的是，你不知道你会得到12个可能的数字中的哪一个，每144个盒子中只出现一个罕见的“隐藏”版本。事实证明，这一系统取得了令人难以置信的成功，PopMart在2024年的收入达到了130亿日元（18亿美元）。)”说明这种随机性和稀有性促使消费者反复购买，使得盲盒模式非常成功。故选C。BAdultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethatmoreismorewhenitestokidsandtheirbelongings?ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.Ifoundthepreholidaysagoodtimetoencourageyoungchildrentodonatelessusedthings,anditworked.Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunabletopayforherholidayduetoillness.Shechosetosellafewlargerobjectsthatwerelessoftenusedwhenwepromisedtoputthemoneyintoherschoolfund(基金)(ourkindergartendaughterisseriousaboutbeingadoctor)Forweeks,I'vebeenthinkingofbigger,deeperquestions:Howdowemakeitahabitforthem?Andhowdowetrainourselvestohelpthemlivewith,need,anduseless?Yesterday,Isatwithmyson,Shepherd,determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoyforaslongasitwouldkeephisinterest.Iexpectedthatonetoywouldkeephisattentionforaboutfiveminutes,tenminutes,max.Ichosearedrubberballsimple,universallyavailable.Wepassedit,hetriedtoputitinhismouth,hetriedbouncingit,rollingit,sittingonit,throwingit.Itwastotally,pletelyenoughforhim.BeforeIknewitanhourhadpassedanditwastimetomoveontolunch.Webothbecameabsorbedinthesimplicityofplayingtogether.HehadmyfullattentionandIhadhis.Mylittleexperimenttofindjoyinasingleobjectworkedforbothofus.4.Whatdothewords“moreismore”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Themore,thebetter. B.Enoughisenough.C.Moremoney,moreworries. D.Earnmoreandspendmore.5.WhatmadeGeorgiaagreetosellsomeofherobjects?A.Savingupforherholiday B.RaisingmoneyforapoorgirlC.Addingthemoneytoherfund D.Givingthemoneytoasickmother6.WhydidtheauthorplaytheballwithShepherd?A.TotryoutanideaB.Toshowaparent’sloveC.TotrainhisattentionD.Tohelphimstartahobby7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TakeItorLeaveIt B.ALessonfromKidsC.LiveMorewithLess D.ThePleasureofGiving【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述作者引导孩子主动捐献玩具，并从玩耍简单玩具中获得快乐的做法。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第一段最后一句…IcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless可以推断出，人们通常认为越多越好。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中Shechosetosellafewlargerobjectsthatwerelessoftenusedwhenwepromisedtoputthemoneyintoherschoolfund(基金)可知，当我们承诺给她把卖玩具的钱放到她的教育基金里时，她同意卖玩具。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句Mylittleexperimenttofindjoyinasingleobjectworkedforbothofus.表明，跟Shepherd玩球是为了测试自己的一种想法是否可行。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，作者想要教会孩子howtolivemorewithless，而二三段是作者的尝试，故C作标题适合。【点睛】高考中词义推断可以是一个单词的意义推断，也可以是一个短语或句子的意义推断，既可以是生词意义，也可以是熟词新意；还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。词义猜测主要的解题策略有：语境猜词、语法猜词和常识猜词。语境既上下文。由于上下文中的生词不是孤立存在的，其词义与句中其它词的词义或具体的语境有着密切的联系。因此在阅读过程中，许多生词的词义可以充分利用上下文中相关的词汇，短语并结合具体的语境来推测。此题中第一题为词义猜测题。根据文章第一段的第三句thegoodnewsisthatIcan…可以推断出，前后语义相反，后句中是livemorewithless，所以前句应该是“越多越好”的意思。CTherearesomesoundsmostofusacknowledgeareannoying—thecrunchingofcrisps,thenoiseoftheairconditioningorascreamingbaby.Thesenoises,formanypeople,actasamereinconveniencethatcandistractusfromthetaskathand.However,therearesomeamonguswhohaveamuchmoresevereresponsetothesenoises.Thequestionweasktodayis:Hasanoiseevermadeyoufeelsoangrythatyoucouldexplodewithrage?Iftheanswerisyes,youmaybesufferingfrommisophonia.Theword“misophonia”literallymeans“ahatredofsound”andissometimescalledSelectiveSoundSensitivitySyndrome.Therearesomeexpertswhodoubttheexistenceofthecondition.However,forthosewhoclaimtosufferfromit,theexperiencecanbetraumatic.Certainsoundscauseintenseemotionalorpsychologicalresponsesthatmayseemoverthetopparedwithanonsufferer’splaints.Thesoundofalovedonechewingtheirfoodcouldtriggerasufferer’sanxietylevels,orcausethemtopanic.Itmayevenactivatetheirfightorflightreaction,makingthemwanttoflee.Inextremecases,thatfeelingofpanicmayresultinextremeangerandendupwithsufferersgoingcrazy.Also,theseconditionscanleadtosocialisolationandthesufferersmayfeelcutoff,accordingtoJamesCartreine,aclinicalpsychiatrist.Sadly,there’snoknowncure.However,tinnitus(耳鸣)retrainingtherapy,whichhelpspeopletoleratenoises,mayaidsufferers,whilecognitivebehaviouraltherapyandcounsellingcouldalsohelppeoplemanagethecondition.Sufferersusecopingstrategiesthatincludeavoidingplaceswithlotsofnoises,likerestaurants,ormovingawaywhentheyfeellikehittingsomeoneduetotheirbreathing.So,thenexttimeyouseesomeoneflyintoaragebecauseofasoundthatisdrivingthemcrazy,itmaybeduetoadifficultconditiontheyaretryingtomanage,andnotjustbecausetheyhateacertainsound.8.Whatcanannoyingsoundsdotononsufferersofmisophonia?A.Theytaketheirattentionawayfromwhatthey’redoing.B.Theygenerateintenseemotionalresponsesamongthem.C.Theymakesufferersdoubtthepresenceofthecondition.D.Theyleadtosomeplaintsandsevereresponses.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“traumatic”inparagraph2mean?A.Physicallypainful. B.Emotionallydisturbing.C.Spirituallyforting. D.Mentallysatisfying10.Whatcanwelearnaboutmisophoniasufferersfromparagraphs3and4?A.Theycan’tbeabletomanagemisophonia.B.Theywon’tbecuredthroughmedicaltreatments.C.Theymaybeangeredbythefeelingofbeingcutoff.D.Theymaypanicoverthesoundcausedbyalovedone.11.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Amedicaltextbook. D.Apsychologist’snotebook.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是恐音症，恐音症患者的一些症状，以及目前对此的一些治疗方法。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thesenoises,formanypeople,actasamereinconveniencethatcandistractusfromthetaskathand.(对许多人来说，这些噪音仅仅是一种不方便，会分散我们对手头工作的注意力)”可知，对于非恐音症患者来说，恼人的声音会分散他们对正在做的事情的注意力。故选A项。9题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“However,forthosewhoclaimtosufferfromit(然而，对于那些声称遭受痛苦的人)”和下文“Certainsoundscauseintenseemotionalorpsychologicalresponsesthatmayseemoverthetopparedwithanonsufferer’splaints.(某些声音会引起强烈的情绪或心理反应，与非患者的抱怨相比，这些声音似乎有些过头了)”可知，对恐音症患者而言，这种经历会引起他们强烈的负面情绪或心理反应。由此可知，此处指这种经历会让人精神痛苦，traumatic意思应该是“（精神上）痛苦的，不愉快的”，与emotionallydisturbing“情绪不安的”意思相近。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thesoundofalovedonechewingtheirfoodcouldtriggerasufferer’sanxietylevels,orcausethemtopanic.Itmayevenactivatetheirfightorflightreaction,makingthemwanttoflee.Inextremecases,thatfeelingofpanicmayresultinextremeangerandendupwithsufferersgoingcrazy.(爱人咀嚼食物的声音可能会激发患者的焦虑水平，或导致他们恐慌。它甚至可能激活他们的战斗或逃跑反应，使他们想逃跑。在极端情况下，这种恐慌感可能会导致极度愤怒，最终导致患者发疯)”可知，爱人发出的声音可能会令恐音症患者焦虑、恐慌，甚至想逃跑。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章围绕恐音症展开，第一段引出恐音症的话题，第二段解释恐音症的概念，第三段描述恐音症患者的一些症状，第四段介绍目前对此的一些治疗方法，最后一段简要总结。由此可知，文章是简要地科普恐音症的相关知识，与人的健康有关，但并非教科书上严谨详尽的讲解，应该是出自一本健康杂志。故选B项。DScientistsvisitingtinyHendersonIslandintheSouthPacificrecentlymadeanalarmingdiscovery.Althoughitisoneofthemostremoteplacesontheearthandpreviouslyuntouchedbyhumans,theislandwascoveredinplasticwaste.Theycalculatedtherewere38millionpiecesofplastic,weighingalmost18tons,withthousandsofnewpieceswashingupeachday.“Nocountryhasafreepasswefoundplasticfromeverywhere,”saidonescientist.“Weallhavearesponsibility,andwehavetositupandpayattention.Thisisnotanissuetoignore.Weneedtodosomethingnowtoprotectthesea.”Plasticwasteintheseahaslongbeenknownabout,butonlynowarewediscoveringthetrueextentoftheproblem.Plastictakeshundredsofyearstodepose,soalltheplasticeverproducedstillexistssomewhere.Around95%ofplasticsmadearenotrecycled,andlargeamountsenterthesea.Currentscollectthiswasteinlargecircularsystemscalled“gyres”.OneofthelargestisinthePacificOcean,anareanowknownasthe“GreatPacificGarbagePatch”.Theproblemgetsworseasplasticbreaksdownintoverysmallpieces,or“microplastic”.Thisiseatenbyfishandleadstomassivespeciesloss.Humansalsoeatthesefish,andmicroplastichasevenbeenfoundintapwateraroundtheworld.Theproblemhasspreadtoofartoignore.TheplasticonHendersonIslandaccountsforjust2seconds’worthofglobalannualplasticproduction.Thatproductionwillmorethantripleby2050.Thentherewillbethesameweightofplasticintheseaasfish.However,therearesomeyoungmindsworkingtocleanupandprotecttheseaforfuturegenerations.WhiledivinginGreece,youngBoyanSlatnoticedtherewasmoreplasticwastethanfish.Hedecidedrightthentodedicatehislifetosolvingthisproblem.Previouslytheproblemwasconsideredtoobigtosolve;collectingtheplasticwithboatsandnetswouldbeexpensive,wouldharmsealife,andwouldtakethousandsofyears!But,Boyanthought,whymovethroughtheseawhentheseacanmovethroughyou?Toworkwiththecurrentsandgyreswouldhelpcollectthewaste.SohestartedTheOceanCleanupproject,whichplacesverylongfloatingbarriersinthePacific.Currentsthenconcentratethewastenaturallysoitcanbecollectedandrecycled.Hehopestoreducethepatchby50%injustfiveyears.“Manyproblemstodayaresideeffectsofthingspeopledidn’tthinkaboutinthepast”,hesays.Seaplasticisasymbolofthenegativeeffectsofourlifestyleandtechnology.Ouraimshouldbetocreateanewlifestyleforthiscentury.Protectingtheseafromplasticisagoodplacetostart.12.Whatalarmingdiscoverydidthescientistsmake?A.TheydiscoveredatinyislandintheSouthPacificOcean.B.TheydiscoveredtherewasplasticeverywhereonHendersonIsland.C.TheydiscoveredthattherewasnohumanbeingsonHendersonIsland.D.TheydiscoveredHendersonIslandwasthemostremoteplaceintheworld.13.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Microplasticismerelyharmfultothefishinthesea.B.Notallthecountrieshavetofacetheproblemofplastictrash.C.Nowadaysthereisthesameweightofplasticintheseaasfish.D.Mostplasticsmadearenotrecycled,andlargeamountsenterthesea.14.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?A.HowtheOceanCleanupprojectworks.B.Theproblemofplasticcleanupistoobigtotackle.C.Lettheseaitselfdeposetheplasticwastenaturally.D.Collectingplasticwithboatsandnetswouldbeagoodway.15.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeBoyanSlat?A.Considerateandstraightforward. B.Intelligentandresponsible.C.Knowledgeableandsensitive. D.Devotedandcourageous.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了海洋上的塑料污染问题以及对此进行的解决方案。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ScientistsvisitingtinyHendersonIslandintheSouthPacificrecentlymadeanalarmingdiscovery.Althoughitisoneofthemostremoteplacesontheearthandpreviouslyuntouchedbyhumans,theislandwascoveredinplasticwaste.(科学家们最近访问了南太平洋的亨德森岛，有了一个惊人的发现。尽管它是地球上最偏远的地方之一，以前也没有人类涉足，但岛上到处都是塑料垃圾)”可知，科学家们惊人的发现是亨德森岛上到处都是塑料。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Around95%ofplasticsmadearenotrecycled,andlargeamountsenterthesea.(大约95%的塑料制品无法回收，大量流入海洋)”可知，大多数塑料制品不能回收，大量流入海洋。故选D。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“However,therearesomeyoungmindsworkingtocleanupandprotecttheseaforfuturegenerations.WhiledivinginGreece,youngBoyanSlatnoticedtherewasmoreplasticwastethanfish.Hedecidedrightthentodedicatehislifetosolvingthisproblem.Previouslytheproblemwasconsideredtoobigtosolve;collectingtheplasticwithboatsandnetswouldbeexpensive,wouldharmsealife,andwouldtakethousandsofyears!But,Boyanthought,whymovethroughtheseawhentheseacanmovethroughyou?Toworkwiththecurrentsandgyreswouldhelpcollectthewaste.SohestartedTheOceanCleanupproject,whichplacesverylongfloatingbarriersinthePacific.Currentsthenconcentratethewastenaturallysoitcanbecollectedandrecycled.Hehopestoreducethepatchby50%injustfiveyears.(然而，有一些年轻人正在为子孙后代清理和保护海洋而努力。在希腊潜水时，年轻的BoyanSlat注意到塑料垃圾比鱼还多。他当时就决定将自己的一生奉献给解决这个问题。以前，人们认为这个问题太大而无法解决；用船和网收集塑料将是昂贵的，会伤害海洋生物，并将需要数千年！但是，Boyan想，当大海可以穿过你的身体时，为什么要穿过大海呢？与洋流和环流一起工作将有助于收集废物。因此，他启动了“海洋清理”项目，在太平洋上放置非常长的漂浮屏障。水流会自然地浓缩废物，这样就可以收集和回收。他希望在五年内减少50%的垃圾)”可知，第四段的主旨是海洋清理项目是如何运作的。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“But,Boyanthought,whymovethroughtheseawhentheseacanmovethroughyou?Toworkwiththecurrentsandgyreswouldhelpcollectthewaste.SohestartedTheOceanCleanupproject,whichplacesverylongfloatingbarriersinthePacific.Currentsthenconcentratethewastenaturallysoitcanbecollectedandrecycled.Hehopestoreducethepatchby50%injustfiveyears.(但是，Boyan想，当大海可以穿过你的身体时，为什么要穿过大海呢？与洋流和环流一起工作将有助于收集废物。因此，他启动了“海洋清理”项目，在太平洋上放置非常长的漂浮屏障。水流会自然地浓缩废物，这样就可以收集和回收。他希望在五年内减少50%的垃圾)”以及最后一段““Manyproblemstodayaresideeffectsofthingspeopledidn’tthinkaboutinthepast”,hesays.(他说：“今天的许多问题都是人们过去没有考虑到的事情的副作用。”)”可推知，BoyanSlat想出了清理项目，说今天的许多问题都是人们过去没有考虑到的事情的副作用，说明他是个聪明、有责任心的人。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyoulikecilantro(香菜)?Cilantroisamonfoodthatpeopletendtoeitheradoreorabuse.____16____Butthereasonsbehindwhatyoulikeanddon’tlikearenotalwayssostraightforward.____17____Yoursenseofsmellallowsyoutodistinguishbetweensomethinglikestrawberryandcherry.Scientistslookedatolfactory(receptorsanddiscoveredthatindividualswithacertaingene.OR6A2,aremoresensitivetosmellingcilantro.That,inturn,affectshowpeoplesenseitsflavor.____18____Whenyou’reopentothesefoods,youlearntolikewhatyoueat.Evenpeoplewhohatecilantromaybeabletolearntoatleasttolerateit,ifnotlikeit.Cultureplaysabigroleinwhatyoulike,too.Foodpreferencesvaryacrosscultures.Whenitesdowntofoodpreferencesindifferentpartsoftheworld,ithasalottodowithwhat’savailableandconsideredafoodstaple(主食).____19____ButtherewillalwaysbeexceptionsaGreekpersonwhocan’tstandolivesoraDutchpersonwhohatescheese.Whilepreferencescanbeformedafterafewattempts,negativeexperienceswithfoods,especiallywhenyou’reyoung,canhavealastingeffect.____20____JasmineRobinson,29,fromAthens,sharedherstoryaboutolives.Whenshewasyoung,anotherchild,whowouldn’tletherhaveaturnonaswing,madefunofherwhileeatingolivesfromajarandbeingmean.Shelatertriedolivesasanadultbutfailed.A.Welikesweetandhatebitter.B.Loveitorhateitisprettyclear.C.Butyourbiologyisnoteverything.D.Itisrelatedtofamiliarityandnotbiology.E.Yourpreferencecanedowntogenetics.F.Associationscanmakeyoulikeornotlikesomething.G.Justonebadexperiencecanturnyouofffromsomethingforlife.【答案】16.B17.E18.C19.D20.G【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章分析讲述了人们对食物有所偏好的原因。【16题详解】前文“Cilantroisamonfoodthatpeopletendtoeitheradoreorabuse.(香菜是一种常见的食物，人们要么喜欢它，要么讨厌它。)”提到人们对香菜的喜好，下文“Butthereasonsbehindwhatyoulikeanddon’tlikearenotalwayssostraightforward.(但你喜欢什么和不喜欢什么背后的原因并不总是那么直截了当。)”提到了喜好的原因并不那么简单，因此推断空处需承上启下，B项“爱它或恨它是很清楚的。”符合语境，承接上文说明对食物的喜好简单明了，因此下文对偏好背后原因的探索。故选B。【17题详解】根据下文“Scientistslookedatolfactory(receptorsanddiscoveredthatindividualswithacertaingene.OR6A2,aremoresensitivetosmellingcilantro.That,inturn,affectshowpeoplesenseitsflavor.(科学家们观察了嗅觉受体，发现具有某种基因的个体。OR6A2对香菜的气味更敏感。这反过来又影响了人们对其味道的感知。)”可知，此处讲述了基因对食物偏爱的影响，因此推断E项“你的偏好可以归结为基因”符合语境。故选E。【18题详解】根据前文“cientistslookedatolfactory(receptorsanddiscoveredthatindividualswithacertaingene.OR6A2,aremoresensitivetosmellingcilantro.That,inturn,affectshowpeoplesenseitsflavor.(科学家们观察了嗅觉受体，发现具有某种基因的个体。OR6A2对香菜的气味更敏感。这反过来又影响了人们对其味道的感知。)”可知，基因造成了对食物的偏好，下文“Whenyou’reopentothesefoods,youlearntolikewhatyoueat.Evenpeoplewhohatecilantromaybeabletolearntoatleasttolerateit,ifnotlikeit.(当你对这些食物敞开心扉时，你就会学会喜欢你吃的东西。即使是讨厌香菜的人，即使不喜欢它，至少也能学会忍受它。)”讲述如果学会接受，对食物偏好也会改变，与上文是转折关系，因此推断C项“但生理并不是一切。”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。【19题详解】前文“Cultureplaysabigroleinwhatyoulike,too.Foodpreferencesvaryacrosscultures.Whenitesdowntofoodpreferencesindifferentpartsoftheworld,ithasalottodowithwhat’savailableandconsideredafoodstaple(主食).(文化对你的喜好也起着很大的作用。不同文化对食物的偏好各不相同。当谈到世界不同地区的食物偏好时，它与什么是可用的和被认为是主食有很大关系。)”讲述对食物的喜好与文化有关，D项“这与熟悉程度有关，与生物学无关。”符合语境，说明对食物的熟悉程度决定着喜好，it指代上文提到的文化对喜好的影响。故选D。【20题详解】前文“Whilepreferencescanbeformedafterafewattempts,negativeexperienceswithfoods,especiallywhenyou’reyoung,canhavealastingeffect.(虽然偏好可以在几次尝试后形成，但对食物的负面体验，尤其是在你年轻的时候，可能会产生持久的影响。)”讲述对食物的体验对偏好的影响，G项中的“badexperience”呼应前文的experiences，因此推断G项“一次糟糕的经历就能让你对某件事失去兴趣。”符合语境。故选G。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inaheartwarmingreunion,PatrickMoriarty,aretiredscienceteacherfromNewYork,fulfilledapromisehemadetohisstudentsdecadesagobywatchingthe2024solareclipse(日食)together.Backin1978,whileteachinghis“EarthScience”class,Moriarty____21____worksheetsdetailingthetrajectories(轨迹)ofupingeclipses.Highlightingtheone____22____topassneartheirhometown,Moriartydeclaredtohisstudents,“____23____thatoneonApril8,2024.We’regoingtogettogetheronthatday.”Hisstudentslaughedatthethought,findingit____24____tounderstandsuchadistantfutureevent.Nevertheless,Moriartypersisted,remindingallofhisstudentsto____25____theircalendarsforthegathering.Twoyearsago,Moriarty,____26____aFacebookeventandreachedouttohisformerstudents.Tohissurprise,hundredsrespondedwith____27____,expressinginterestinjoiningthe____28____.AsApril8,2024approached,about100ofMoriarty’sformerstudents____29____athishome.Emotionsranhighas______30______facesfromtheirjuniorhighdaysreconnected.Moriartysaid,“Whentheywerewalkingup,Icould______31______seetheirlittleninthgradefaces.”FormerstudentKevinThompson______32______Moriarty’smitment,describingthepromiseas“the______33______homeworkassignmentinthehistoryofanyteacher.”Asthespectacle(奇观)______34______,surroundedbythewarmthofsharedmemories,laughter,andfriendship,Moriartyproposedanotherreunionintwodecadesforthenextsolareclipse.The______35______broughtlaughter,makingthemrememberthesamejoyfrom1978.21.A.printed B.distributed C.collected D.delivered22.A.needed B.allowed C.intended D.expected23.A.Change B.Remove C.Circle D.Approach24.A.challenging B.interesting C.unacceptable D.reasonable25.A.mark B.keep C.change D.design26.A.attended B.imagined C.created D.witnessed27.A.pride B.curiosity C.determination D.enthusiasm28.A.class B.reunion C.group D.munity29.A.gotaround B.settleddown C.showedup D.brokein30.A.diverse B.friendly C.young D.familiar31.A.hardly B.already C.still D.ever32.A.reflectedon B.struggledagainst C.tookto D.preparedfor33.A.hardest B.longest C.strangest D.funniest34.A.unfolded B.decreased C.struck D.existed35.A.prediction B.declaration C.solution D.suggestion【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.A26.C27.D28.B29.C30.D31.C32.A33.B34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了一位退休的科学教师PatrickMoriarty完成了自己数十年前的承诺，和自己的学生重聚在一起观看2024年的日食。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：早在1978年，Moriarty在教授“地球科学”课程时，就分发了详细描述即将到来的日食轨迹的进度表。A.printed打印；B.distributed分发；C.collected收集；D.delivered交付，运载。根据空后的“worksheetsdetailingthetrajectories(轨迹)ofupingeclipses”并结合常识可知，作为一名老师，Moriarty给学生分发了关于日食轨迹的进度表。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Moriarty强调了预计会经过他们家乡附近的一次日食，向他的学生们宣布，“圈出在2024年4月8日的那个日食。我们将在那一天相聚。”A.needed需要；B.allowed允许；C.intended打算，计划；D.expected预计，预期。根据上文中的“worksheetsdetailingthetrajectories(轨迹)ofupingeclipses”可知，他发的表上是关于即将到来的日食信息，所以这里是说他强调了预计会经过他们家乡附近的日食。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.Change改变；B.Remove移除；C.Circle圈出；D.Approach靠近。根据空后的“thatoneonApril8,2024”可知，Moriarty让学生们在表上圈出2024年4月8日的那个日食。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的学生们嘲笑这个想法，觉得理解如此遥远的未来事件很有挑战性。A.challenging挑战性的；B.interesting有趣的；C.unacceptable不能接受的；D.reasonable合理的。根据空后的“tounderstandsuchadistantfutureevent”并结合常识可知，在1978年约定将在2024年一起观看日食，学生们觉得理解这么遥远的事件很有挑战。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，Moriarty还是坚持了下来，提醒他的所有学生在日历上标记这次聚会。A.mark做标记；B.keep保持；C.change改变；D.design设计。根据空后的“theircalendarsforthegathering”可知，