专题02 短语（名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语）（期末复习讲义）（原卷版及全解全析）

3/3专题02短语（期末复习讲义）年份卷别考点考情分析2025北京卷名词短语【考向透视】分析近年高考真题可知，高考语篇理解的核心是快速、准确地处理复杂信息，而长难句的难点常在于找准核心名词短语；完形填空考察在具体语境中准确选用词汇的能力，而这与短语结构密不可分；在语法填空更是直接、系统地考察语法知识，此中短语结构是高频考点；写作时语言输出能力的终极体现，短语的运用水平直接决定文章的档次。【复习目标】掌握名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语的定义、功能和构成。强化对短语的识别能力，提升效率。融会贯通，在各大题型中化输入为输出。新高考I卷副词短语新高考II卷形容词短语；名词短语浙江卷名词短语2024新高考I卷名词新高考II卷名词全国甲卷形容词短语2023新高考I卷形容词短语新高考II卷名词短语；副词短语浙江卷名词短语全国乙卷形容词短语短语短语短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。根据中心词不同的词性，又可分为名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语。知识点01名词短语1.定义:指以一个名词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于名词。Theboyinthecarismylittlebrother.车里的那个男孩是我的小弟弟。2.构成:名词短语由名词与它的修饰语一起构成。名词的修饰语与名词有两种位置关系：一是修饰语放在被修饰名词的前面，叫作前置定语；二是修饰语放在被修饰名词的后面，叫作后置定语。具体形式如下所示。句子的描述对象即为句子的主语。主语通常位于句子前面(部分)，常由名词、代词、动名词、不定式及从句充当。限定词+名词theboy、twoclubs限定词+形容词(短语)+名词abeautifulgirl、someinterestingbooks限定词+动名词+名词thereadingroom限定词+描述性名词+名词ourschoollife、thetrainstation限定词+形容词+名词+介词短语thetallbuildingneartheriver限定词+名词+不定式短语themeetingtobeheld限定词+名词+分词短语theboywearingbluejeans限定词+名词+定语从句thepeopleImetthere限定词包括以下几类:3.功能：在句中当作名词用，一般作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。Theseredrosesareforyou.(作主语)这些红玫瑰是给你的。Asforme,Englishismyfavoritesubject.(作表语)对我来说,英语是我最喜欢的科目。YoumayaskyourEnglishteacherforhelp.(作宾语)你可以向你的英语老师寻求帮助。Wecallhimagreatteacher.(作宾语补足语)我们称他为伟大的教师。名词短语作主语时,谓语动词的单复数要与名词短语中的中心词保持一致。Anumberofbooksareonthedesk.许多书在桌子上。Thenumberofbooksisnotlarge.书的数量并不多。知识点02形容词短语1.定义：指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。IfeelextremelysatisfiedwithwhatI’veachieved.我对我所取得的成就感到非常满意。2.构成：形容词短语由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成。具体形式如下所示。副词+形容词verysuitable形容词+enoughgoodenough形容词+介词短语fullofwater副词+形容词+介词短语wellworthyofpraise形容词+并列连词+形容词richandstrong3.功能:在句中当作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，还可以用作表语或者宾语补足语。Theycangoboatinganddivinginlakesorseas,whichisextremelyexciting.(表语)他们可以去湖泊或大海里划船和潜水,这真是太令人兴奋了。Ifindourtextsverydifficultformetoremember.(宾语补足语)我发现我们的课文对我来说很难记住。知识点03副词短语1.定义：以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。Thepartylastnightwentprettywell.Everyonehadagreattimedancingandchatting.昨晚的派对进行得相当不错。每个人都尽情地跳舞、聊天。2.构成：副词短语由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成。具体形式如下所示。副词+副词quitewell、veryquickly副词+enoughclearlyenough副词+并列连词+副词againandagain、fasterandfaster3.功能：在句中当作副词用,可以修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子。Theydoquitewellinworkingingroups.(修饰动词)他们在团体合作方面做得很好。Quitecomfortably,theystayedatourapartmentfortwoweeks.(修饰句子)他们在我们的公寓里舒舒服服地住了两周。Theyaremuchtooexcitedtoseetheirfriendsagain.(修饰形容词)他们再次见到朋友们太兴奋了。副词enough在修饰形容词或副词构成形容词短语或副词短语时,一般放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。【即时检测】一、[语境运用]完成句子1.Thereis(一所美丽的学校)atthefootofthehill.

2.Ourstudentscanjoinin(一些课外活动)inthesparetime.

3.Everyonemayfeel(时间过得很快)whentheydosomethinginteresting.

4.Hewentonstudying(到深夜)yesterday.

二、找出下面语段中的形容词短语Lastweek,Ihadaveryimportantrunningraceontheschoolsportsday.Itwassohardformetokeepupwiththeotherrunners.Iwastooashamedtotellmydadaboutmypoorperformanceintherace,fearingthathewouldbereallydisappointedinme.Anyway,heknewIhadgivenitmyallandinspiredmetotrainmuchhardernexttime.解｜题｜技｜巧名词短语由名词与它的修饰语一起构成。限定词+名词theboy、twoclubs限定词+形容词(短语)+名词abeautifulgirl、someinterestingbooks限定词+动名词+名词thereadingroom限定词+描述性名词+名词ourschoollife、thetrainstation限定词+形容词+名词+介词短语thetallbuildingneartheriver限定词+名词+不定式短语themeetingtobeheld限定词+名词+分词短语theboywearingbluejeans限定词+名词+定语从句thepeopleImetthere形容词短语一般由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成。副词+形容词verysuitable形容词+enoughgoodenough形容词+介词短语fullofwater副词+形容词+介词短语wellworthyofpraise形容词+并列连词+形容词richandstrong副词短语由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成。具体形式如下所示。副词+副词quitewell、veryquickly副词+enoughclearlyenough副词+并列连词+副词againandagain、fasterandfaster基础通关（测试时间：10分钟）一、单项选择1．Now,atage20,Ihaveagoodjobandanicehouse,andI’mreally________theindependenceI’veachieved.A．proudof B．sickof C．curiousabout D．worriedabout2．Weshould______everyopportunitytopracticeEnglishbothinsideandoutsidetheclassroom.A．makethemostof B．beawareof C．havetroublein D．beshortfor3．Accordingtotherulesofthecompany,thosewhoare________thegreatlossofmoneywillbefired.A．awareof B．qualifiedfor C．concernedabout D．responsiblefor4．Sheisaddictedtowatchingvideosonline.A．istiredof B．isafraidof C．isgoodat D．iscrazyabout5．Manypeoplearguethatreadinge-bookscanneverbe________theexperienceofholdingaprintedbook.A．inferiorto B．superiorto C．priorto D．seniorto6．Nowmoreandmorepeopleare______thedangerofdrinkingalcohol.A．tiredof B．fondof C．awareof D．proudof7．Itisnot________forteenagersofyourgenerationto________computergamesandtheonlineworld.A．extraordinary;bedevotedto B．formal;beaddictedtoC．positive;beresponsiblefor D．unusual;beattractedto8．Asteenagerswho______knowledge,weshouldlearnfrombothbooksandpracticalexperiences(实践经历).Justasasayinggoes,“Readtenthousandbooksandtraveltenthousandmiles.”A．aresureabout B．arethirstyfor C．arefullof9．Tomhasbeenwearinga________thesedaysbecausehefailedanimportantexam.A．practicaljoke B．longface C．laughingstock D．bananaskin10．Don’tbetoostrictwithhim—_________,he’sjusta6-year-oldkid.A．Afterall B．Inall C．Aboveall D．Atall11．________thethemeoftheExpowastopromoteculturalexchangeandstrengthenmutualcooperationbetweenthecountriesalongtheSilkRoad,Dunhuangwastheidealplace.A．Providedthat B．Sothat C．Giventhat D．Inorderthat12．Asautumncomes,ourclassroomsfeelcoolerandcooler,________.A．onebyone B．roombyroom C．daybyday D．sidebyside13．Iagreewithyourproposaltoacertainextent,butmoredataisneeded.A．toadegree B．tosumup C．tobehonest D．tothepoint14．EveryonelikesTombecausehehasagreatsenseofhumor.A．seriouspersonality B．funnynatureC．strongmemory D．kindheart15．Tounderstandthedifficultmathproblem,sheneededahighlevelofmentalintensity.A．focusedattention B．physicalstrengthC．relaxedattitude D．keeninterest重难突破（测试时间：10分钟）一、画出下列各句中的名词/形容词/副词短语并写出其功能1．AllthestudentsareinvitedtotakepartintheEnglishspeechcontest.2．Mostofthelittlechildrenarenaturallycuriousabouteverythingaroundthem.3．Wetorfine,hegotupatsixandtookawalkinthepark.4．IfoundmathsquiteeasyandenjoyablebecausetheteachingmaterialwaslessadvancedintheUKthaninChina.5．Itwasrainingveryheavilyonthedaywemoved.6．Theboyenteredashoestorewhichwasbigandtidyandboughtapairofshoes.7．Theboyistooyoungtounderstandclearlyenoughwhathismotherhassaid.易混易错（测试时间：10分钟）一、完形填空GrowingupintheUSA,Ialwayswantedtoexperienceanotherculture.The1camewhenIwas15.Afterafewmonthsofplanningand2,Iwasreadytospendthesecondsemesterofmyfirsthighschoolyearasa(n)3studentinAustralia.4inPerthwasoneofthemostexcitingmomentsofmylife.Irealizedthenthattherewasnoturningback.ThefamilyIwould5waswaitingforme,anditwouldonlybefivedaysbeforethenewschoolyear.TheschoolIattendedwas6myschoolbackintheUnitedStates.Iwasquite7atfirst,especiallyneverhavingbeentoanewschool—evenintheUSA．Everythingwentwithout8,though.Theteacherswerewelcomingandthestudentswerefriendly.Themost9timewastravellingwithotherexchangestudentsaroundAustraliaduringoursemesterbreak.Thefewweekswe10togetherwerefullofamazingactivities.Attheendofour11inAustralia,wehadthreeweekstoshareourstoriesandhelpeachotherdealwithleaving.Itwasonly12thatourlastdaytogetherwasfilledwithtears.Wepackedourcamp,13e-mailaddressesandgatheredtogetherforafinalgoodbye.

Uponcominghome,anopenmindwasagainimportant.Resettlinghometooktimeand14,butatlastImadeit.Allthewhile,IwasthoughtfultoletmyfamilyandfriendsknowhowhappyIwastobehomeandhowmuchIhadmissedthem—thoughtheexperienceisstill15withme.So,ifyouhavetheopportunitytostudyabroad,youmostcertainlyshouldgo.1．A．task B．dream C．chance D．vacation2．A．packing B．convincing C．performing D．preparing3．A．exchange B．freshman C．junior D．senior4．A．Flying B．Landing C．Working D．Studying5．A．catchupwith B．putupwith C．dealwith D．livewith6．A．similarto B．differentfrom C．asgoodas D．thesameas7．A．excited B．annoyed C．worried D．confused8．A．hope B．doubt C．difficulty D．argument9．A．valuable B．acceptable C．comfortable D．unforgettable10．A．spent B．lived C．studied D．worked11．A．stay B．visit C．trip D．holiday12．A．funny B．natural C．strange D．simple13．A．made B．wrote C．shared D．exchanged14．A．effort B．money C．ability D．wisdom15．A．sadly B．clearly C．lively D．amazingly链接高考（测试时间：15分钟）一、单项选择1.(2024·全国甲卷)Theyare(treasure)ofAmericanheritage(遗产).

2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Itwasvery(excite)toheartheChineselanguageandseehowTang’splaywasbeingperformed.

3.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Afteraheated(discuss)thatlastedforwhatseemedlikeacentury,Gunterputhisphonedownandstartedthecar.

(2023·浙江1月卷)Mostlong-distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaraccommodations,selloutvery(quick).

（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·高考真题）Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.二、语法填空（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。IwasbornandraisedinCleveland,OhiointheUnitedStates.Yetnow,IliveinthecountrysideofZhejiang,ChinawithmyChinesehusbandandhisfamily,1bambooandteabushes(灌木)growwildinthemountains,chickensarealwaysfree-range,and2(center)heatingdoesn’texist.Nothinginmylifebeforepreparedme3thisone-andtobesure,thefirsttimeIcamehereIneverimaginedIwouldeverfeelcomfortableinthisarea.Butit’samazinghowyoucanadapt4learninanewenvironment.Overtime,I’vefound5(I)feelingextremelyathomehere.Andintheprocess,I’veexperiencedthingsthatreallysurprisemeattimes.The“sunshinescent(香味)”offreshlysunnedclothes6(be)oneofthem.

Growingup,myfamilyandourneighborsneverusedclotheslinestodryclothing,denyingmethechance7(discover)oneofthegreatwondersofsunshine—thesweet“sunshinescent”aftersunningclothesforanentireday.Thesun-driedclothessmellespeciallypleasantwhereIlive,thankstothe8(absent)ofsmogandplentyofbluesky9(afternoon)withlotsoffreshair.Ifyou’veneverexperiencedthe“sunshinescent”fromasheetorshirt10(leave)tosunforaday,well,you’remissingoutononeoflife’swonders.

专题02短语（期末复习讲义）年份卷别考点考情分析2025北京卷名词短语【考向透视】分析近年高考真题可知，高考语篇理解的核心是快速、准确地处理复杂信息，而长难句的难点常在于找准核心名词短语；完形填空考察在具体语境中准确选用词汇的能力，而这与短语结构密不可分；在语法填空更是直接、系统地考察语法知识，此中短语结构是高频考点；写作时语言输出能力的终极体现，短语的运用水平直接决定文章的档次。【复习目标】掌握名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语的定义、功能和构成。强化对短语的识别能力，提升效率。融会贯通，在各大题型中化输入为输出。新高考I卷副词短语新高考II卷形容词短语；名词短语浙江卷名词短语2024新高考I卷名词新高考II卷名词全国甲卷形容词短语2023新高考I卷形容词短语新高考II卷名词短语；副词短语浙江卷名词短语全国乙卷形容词短语短语短语短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。根据中心词不同的词性，又可分为名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语。知识点01名词短语1.定义:指以一个名词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于名词。Theboyinthecarismylittlebrother.车里的那个男孩是我的小弟弟。2.构成:名词短语由名词与它的修饰语一起构成。名词的修饰语与名词有两种位置关系：一是修饰语放在被修饰名词的前面，叫作前置定语；二是修饰语放在被修饰名词的后面，叫作后置定语。具体形式如下所示。句子的描述对象即为句子的主语。主语通常位于句子前面(部分)，常由名词、代词、动名词、不定式及从句充当。限定词+名词theboy、twoclubs限定词+形容词(短语)+名词abeautifulgirl、someinterestingbooks限定词+动名词+名词thereadingroom限定词+描述性名词+名词ourschoollife、thetrainstation限定词+形容词+名词+介词短语thetallbuildingneartheriver限定词+名词+不定式短语themeetingtobeheld限定词+名词+分词短语theboywearingbluejeans限定词+名词+定语从句thepeopleImetthere限定词包括以下几类:3.功能：在句中当作名词用，一般作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。Theseredrosesareforyou.(作主语)这些红玫瑰是给你的。Asforme,Englishismyfavoritesubject.(作表语)对我来说,英语是我最喜欢的科目。YoumayaskyourEnglishteacherforhelp.(作宾语)你可以向你的英语老师寻求帮助。Wecallhimagreatteacher.(作宾语补足语)我们称他为伟大的教师。名词短语作主语时,谓语动词的单复数要与名词短语中的中心词保持一致。Anumberofbooksareonthedesk.许多书在桌子上。Thenumberofbooksisnotlarge.书的数量并不多。知识点02形容词短语1.定义：指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。IfeelextremelysatisfiedwithwhatI’veachieved.我对我所取得的成就感到非常满意。2.构成：形容词短语由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成。具体形式如下所示。副词+形容词verysuitable形容词+enoughgoodenough形容词+介词短语fullofwater副词+形容词+介词短语wellworthyofpraise形容词+并列连词+形容词richandstrong3.功能:在句中当作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，还可以用作表语或者宾语补足语。Theycangoboatinganddivinginlakesorseas,whichisextremelyexciting.(表语)他们可以去湖泊或大海里划船和潜水,这真是太令人兴奋了。Ifindourtextsverydifficultformetoremember.(宾语补足语)我发现我们的课文对我来说很难记住。知识点03副词短语1.定义：以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。Thepartylastnightwentprettywell.Everyonehadagreattimedancingandchatting.昨晚的派对进行得相当不错。每个人都尽情地跳舞、聊天。2.构成：副词短语由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成。具体形式如下所示。副词+副词quitewell、veryquickly副词+enoughclearlyenough副词+并列连词+副词againandagain、fasterandfaster3.功能：在句中当作副词用,可以修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子。Theydoquitewellinworkingingroups.(修饰动词)他们在团体合作方面做得很好。Quitecomfortably,theystayedatourapartmentfortwoweeks.(修饰句子)他们在我们的公寓里舒舒服服地住了两周。Theyaremuchtooexcitedtoseetheirfriendsagain.(修饰形容词)他们再次见到朋友们太兴奋了。副词enough在修饰形容词或副词构成形容词短语或副词短语时,一般放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。【即时检测】一、[语境运用]完成句子1.Thereis(一所美丽的学校)atthefootofthehill.

2.Ourstudentscanjoinin(一些课外活动)inthesparetime.

3.Everyonemayfeel(时间过得很快)whentheydosomethinginteresting.

4.Hewentonstudying(到深夜)yesterday.

【答案】1.abeautifulschool2.someafter-classactivities3.timegobyveryquickly4.deepintothenight二、找出下面语段中的形容词短语Lastweek,Ihadaveryimportantrunningraceontheschoolsportsday.Itwassohardformetokeepupwiththeotherrunners.Iwastooashamedtotellmydadaboutmypoorperformanceintherace,fearingthathewouldbereallydisappointedinme.Anyway,heknewIhadgivenitmyallandinspiredmetotrainmuchhardernexttime.【答案】veryimportant;sohard;tooashamed;reallydisappointed;muchharder解｜题｜技｜巧名词短语由名词与它的修饰语一起构成。限定词+名词theboy、twoclubs限定词+形容词(短语)+名词abeautifulgirl、someinterestingbooks限定词+动名词+名词thereadingroom限定词+描述性名词+名词ourschoollife、thetrainstation限定词+形容词+名词+介词短语thetallbuildingneartheriver限定词+名词+不定式短语themeetingtobeheld限定词+名词+分词短语theboywearingbluejeans限定词+名词+定语从句thepeopleImetthere形容词短语一般由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成。副词+形容词verysuitable形容词+enoughgoodenough形容词+介词短语fullofwater副词+形容词+介词短语wellworthyofpraise形容词+并列连词+形容词richandstrong副词短语由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成。具体形式如下所示。副词+副词quitewell、veryquickly副词+enoughclearlyenough副词+并列连词+副词againandagain、fasterandfaster基础通关（测试时间：10分钟）一、单项选择1．Now,atage20,Ihaveagoodjobandanicehouse,andI’mreally________theindependenceI’veachieved.A．proudof B．sickof C．curiousabout D．worriedabout【答案】A【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：如今，我已20岁了，拥有了一份不错的工作和一套舒适的住所，而且我为自己所取得的独立自主感到非常自豪。A.proudof为……骄傲；B.sickof厌倦；C.curiousabout对……好奇；D.worriedabout担心。根据上文“Now,atage20,Ihaveagoodjobandanicehouse”指为自己所取得的独立自主感到非常自豪。故选A。2．Weshould______everyopportunitytopracticeEnglishbothinsideandoutsidetheclassroom.A．makethemostof B．beawareof C．havetroublein D．beshortfor【答案】A【详解】考查动词短语和形容词短语辨析。句意：我们应该充分利用每一个机会在课堂内外练习英语。A.makethemostof充分利用；B.beawareof意识到；C.havetroublein在……方面有困难；D.beshortfor是……的简称。根据空后的everyopportunitytopracticeEnglish可知，这里表示充分利用每一个机会练习英语。故选A。3．Accordingtotherulesofthecompany,thosewhoare________thegreatlossofmoneywillbefired.A．awareof B．qualifiedfor C．concernedabout D．responsiblefor【答案】D【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：根据公司的规定，那些对巨额损失负有责任的人将被解雇。A.awareof意识到；B.qualifiedfor有……资格；C.concernedabout关心；D.responsiblefor对……负责。由thegreatlossofmoney可知，对巨额损失负有责任的人将被解雇，空格处意为“对……负责”。故选D。4．Sheisaddictedtowatchingvideosonline.A．istiredof B．isafraidof C．isgoodat D．iscrazyabout【答案】D【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：她沉迷于在网上看视频。A.istiredof厌烦；B.isafraidof害怕，担忧；C.isgoodat擅长；D.iscrazyabout对……疯狂。形容词短语isaddictedto意为“沉溺于，对……上瘾”，表示对某种活动、物品或物质有强烈的依赖和无法自拔的欲望，与iscrazyabout“对……疯狂”的意思相近。故选D。5．Manypeoplearguethatreadinge-bookscanneverbe________theexperienceofholdingaprintedbook.A．inferiorto B．superiorto C．priorto D．seniorto【答案】B【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：许多人认为，阅读电子书永远无法优于手持纸质书的体验。A.inferiorto不如……；B.superiorto优于……；C.priorto在……之前；D.seniorto比……年长/资深。根据canneverbe及语境可知，此处是指电子书体验没法比纸质书体验更好，即永远无法“优于”。故选B项。6．Nowmoreandmorepeopleare______thedangerofdrinkingalcohol.A．tiredof B．fondof C．awareof D．proudof【答案】C【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：现在越来越多的人意识到喝酒的危险。A.tiredof厌烦；B.fondof喜欢；C.awareof意识到；D.proudof为……感到骄傲。根据“thedangerofdrinkingalcohol(喝酒的危险)”可知，此处表达人们意识到喝酒的危险，awareof符合语境，故选C项。7．Itisnot________forteenagersofyourgenerationto________computergamesandtheonlineworld.A．extraordinary;bedevotedto B．formal;beaddictedtoC．positive;beresponsiblefor D．unusual;beattractedto【答案】D【详解】考查形容词和动词/形容词短语辨析。句意：对你们这一代的青少年来说，被电脑游戏和网络世界吸引是很常见的。A.extraordinary非凡的；bedevotedto致力于；B.formal正式的；beaddictedto对……上瘾；C.positive积极的；beresponsiblefor对……负责；D.unusual不寻常的；beattractedto被……吸引。结合生活常识可知，青少年受到电脑游戏和网络世界吸引或者着迷上瘾是比较常见的情况，notunusual双重否定表肯定，意为“常见的，并不罕见”，beattractedto意为“被……吸引”。故选D项。8．Asteenagerswho______knowledge,weshouldlearnfrombothbooksandpracticalexperiences(实践经历).Justasasayinggoes,“Readtenthousandbooksandtraveltenthousandmiles.”A．aresureabout B．arethirstyfor C．arefullof【答案】B【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：作为渴望知识的青少年，我们应该既从书本中学习，也从实践经历中学习。正如一句谚语所说：“读万卷书，行万里路。”A.aresureabout确信；对……有把握；B.arethirstyfor渴望；渴求；C.arefullof充满……。由句意可知，句子强调青少年需要从书本和实践中获取知识，结合常识，青少年处于学习成长阶段，对知识的态度应是“渴望”，符合语境。故选B项。9．Tomhasbeenwearinga________thesedaysbecausehefailedanimportantexam.A．practicaljoke B．longface C．laughingstock D．bananaskin【答案】B【详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：汤姆这些天一直愁眉苦脸，因为他一次重要的考试没及格。A.practicaljoke恶作剧；B.longface愁眉苦脸；C.laughingstock笑柄；D.bananaskin尴尬事。结合“becausehefailedanimportantexam”可知，考试没及格，所以应该是“愁眉苦脸”，用longface。故选B。10．Don’tbetoostrictwithhim—_________,he’sjusta6-year-oldkid.A．Afterall B．Inall C．Aboveall D．Atall【答案】A【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：别对他太严格了——毕竟，他只是个6岁的孩子。A.Afterall毕竟；B.Inall总共，总计；C.Aboveall首先最重要的是；D.Atall根本；究竟。根据he’sjusta6-year-oldkid可知，毕竟，他只是个6岁的孩子。故选A项。11．________thethemeoftheExpowastopromoteculturalexchangeandstrengthenmutualcooperationbetweenthecountriesalongtheSilkRoad,Dunhuangwastheidealplace.A．Providedthat B．Sothat C．Giventhat D．Inorderthat【答案】C【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：鉴于世博会的主题是促进丝绸之路沿线国家的文化交流和加强相互合作，敦煌是理想之地。A.Providedthat倘若、假如；B.Sothat以便、为了；C.Giventhat鉴于、考虑到；D.Inorderthat为了。由语意可知，“世博会主题是促进丝路国家文化交流与合作”是“敦煌成为理想举办地”的前提和原因，Giventhat引导原因状语从句，符合语境，引出既定事实作为依据。故选C项。12．Asautumncomes,ourclassroomsfeelcoolerandcooler,________.A．onebyone B．roombyroom C．daybyday D．sidebyside【答案】C【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：随着秋天的到来，我们的教室一天比一天凉爽。A.onebyone一个接一个；B.roombyroom一个房间接一个房间；C.daybyday一天接一天；D.sidebyside肩并肩。根据“ourclassroomsfeelcoolerandcooler”可知，此处指天气一天一天变得凉爽，daybyday“一天接一天”符合天气的渐变过程。故选C。13．Iagreewithyourproposaltoacertainextent,butmoredataisneeded.A．toadegree B．tosumup C．tobehonest D．tothepoint【答案】A【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：我在一定程度上同意你的提议，但需要更多的数据。A.toadegree在一定程度上；B.tosumup总结起来；C.tobehonest老实说；D.tothepoint切中要害地。根据后文“butmoredataisneeded.”可知，对于该提议需要更多的数据，表示只是部分同意，划线短语“toacertainextent”表示“在一定程度上”与A选项意思相近。故选A项。14．EveryonelikesTombecausehehasagreatsenseofhumor.A．seriouspersonality B．funnynatureC．strongmemory D．kindheart【答案】B【详解】考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：每个人都喜欢汤姆，因为他很有幽默感。A.seriouspersonality严肃的性格；B.funnynature风趣的天性；C.strongmemory好记性；D.kindheart善良的心。“agreatsenseofhumor”意为“很强的幽默感”，核心是“风趣、搞笑”的特质。B项“funnynature”中“funny”（风趣的、滑稽的）与“幽默感”所体现的特质完全匹配，能准确解释汤姆受大家喜欢的原因，符合“因风趣而受欢迎”的语境逻辑。故选B项。15．Tounderstandthedifficultmathproblem,sheneededahighlevelofmentalintensity.A．focusedattention B．physicalstrengthC．relaxedattitude D．keeninterest【答案】A【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：要理解这道复杂的数学题，她需要高度集中的精神状态。A.focusedattention集中注意；B.physicalstrength体力；C.relaxedattitude放松的态度；D.keeninterest浓厚兴趣。根据句意可知，划线部分“心理强度：指个体在面对任务或挑战时，所展现出的精神投入和专注程度”与A选项意思最为接近。故选A。重难突破（测试时间：10分钟）一、画出下列各句中的名词/形容词/副词短语并写出其功能1．AllthestudentsareinvitedtotakepartintheEnglishspeechcontest.【答案】AllthestudentsareinvitedtotakepartintheEnglishspeechcontest.NP（主语）

NP（宾语）【解析】考查句子成分。句意：所有的学生都被邀请参加英语演讲比赛。分析句子结构可知，“Allthestudents”是名词短语，作主语；“theEnglishspeechcontest”是名词短语，作宾语。故答案为Allthestudents(NP（主语）)，theEnglishspeechcontest(NP（宾语）)。2．Mostofthelittlechildrenarenaturallycuriousabouteverythingaroundthem.【答案】Mostofthelittlechildrenarenaturallycuriousabouteverythingaroundthem.NP（主语）

AdjP（表语）【解析】考查句子成分。句意：大多数小孩子天生对周围的一切都好奇。分析句子结构可知，“Mostofthelittlechildren”是名词短语，作主语；由系动词可知，“naturallycuriousabouteverythingaroundthem”是形容词短语，作表语。故答案为Mostofthelittlechildren(NP（主语）)，naturallycuriousabouteverythingaroundthem(AdjP（表语）)。3．Wetorfine,hegotupatsixandtookawalkinthepark.【答案】Wetorfine,hegotupatsixandtookawalkinthepark.AdjP（状语）

NP（宾语）NP（宾语）【解析】考查句子成分。句意：无论晴雨，他六点钟起床，到公园里散步。分析句子结构可知，“Wetorfine”是形容词短语，作状语；“awalk”是名词短语，作宾语；“thepark”是名词短语，作宾语。故答案为Wetorfine(AdjP（状语）)，awalk(NP（宾语）)，thepark(NP（宾语）)。4．IfoundmathsquiteeasyandenjoyablebecausetheteachingmaterialwaslessadvancedintheUKthaninChina.【答案】IfoundmathsquiteeasyandenjoyablebecausetheteachingmaterialwaslessadvancedintheUKthaninChina.AdjP（宾补）

NP（主语）

AdjP（表语）【解析】考查句子成分。句意：我发现数学非常简单和有趣，因为英国的教材没有中国先进。分析句子结构可知，“quiteeasyandenjoyable”是形容词短语，作宾语补足语；“theteachingmaterial”是名词短语，作主语；由系动词可知，“lessadvanced”是形容词短语，作表语。故答案为quiteeasyandenjoyable(AdjP（宾补）)，theteachingmaterial(NP（主语）)，lessadvanced(AdjP（表语）)。5．Itwasrainingveryheavilyonthedaywemoved.【答案】Itwasrainingveryheavilyonthedaywemoved.AdvP（修饰动词wasraining）

NP（宾语）【解析】考查句子成分。句意：我们搬家的那天雨下得很大。分析句子结构可知，“veryheavily”是副词短语，作状语，修饰wasraining；“thedaywemoved”是名词短语，作宾语。故答案为veryheavily(AdvP（修饰动词wasraining）)，thedaywemoved(NP（宾语）)。6．Theboyenteredashoestorewhichwasbigandtidyandboughtapairofshoes.【答案】Theboyenteredashoestorewhichwasbigandtidyandboughtapairofshoes.NP（主语）

NP（宾语）

AdjP（表语）

NP（宾语）【解析】考查句子成分。句意：男孩走进一家又大又整洁的鞋店，买了一双鞋。分析句子结构可知，“Theboy”是名词短语，作主语；“ashoestore”是名词短语，作宾语；由系动词可知，“bigandtidy”是形容词短语，作表语；“apairofshoes”是名词短语，作宾语。故答案为Theboy(NP（主语）)，ashoestore(NP（宾语）)，bigandtidy(AdjP（表语）)，apairofshoes(NP（宾语）)。7．Theboyistooyoungtounderstandclearlyenoughwhathismotherhassaid.【答案】Theboyistooyoungtounderstandclearlyenoughwhathismotherhassaid.NP（主语）AdjP（表语）

AdvP（修饰动词understand）NP（主语）【解析】考查句子成分。句意：这个男孩太小，听不懂他妈妈说的话。分析句子结构可知，“Theboy”是名词短语，作主语；由系动词可知，“tooyoung”是形容词短语，作表语；“clearlyenough”是副词短语，作状语，修饰动词understand；“hismother”是名词短语，作what引导的宾语从句中的主语。故答案为Theboy(NP（主语）)，tooyoung(AdjP（表语）)，clearlyenough(AdvP（修饰动词understand）)，hismother(NP（主语）)。8．MrSmith,theheadteacherofourschool,istoattendameetingtobeheldnextFriday.【答案】MrSmith,theheadteacherofourschool,istoattendameetingtobeheldnextFriday.NP（同位语）

NP（宾语）【解析】考查句子成分。句意：我们学校的校长史密斯先生将出席下星期五举行的一个会议。分析句子结构可知，“theheadteacherofourschool”是名词短语，作MrSmith的同位语；“ameetingtobeheldnextFriday”是名词短语，作宾语。故答案为theheadteacherofourschool(NP（同位语）)，ameetingtobeheldnextFriday(NP（宾语）)。易混易错（测试时间：10分钟）一、完形填空GrowingupintheUSA,Ialwayswantedtoexperienceanotherculture.The1camewhenIwas15.Afterafewmonthsofplanningand2,Iwasreadytospendthesecondsemesterofmyfirsthighschoolyearasa(n)3studentinAustralia.4inPerthwasoneofthemostexcitingmomentsofmylife.Irealizedthenthattherewasnoturningback.ThefamilyIwould5waswaitingforme,anditwouldonlybefivedaysbeforethenewschoolyear.TheschoolIattendedwas6myschoolbackintheUnitedStates.Iwasquite7atfirst,especiallyneverhavingbeentoanewschool—evenintheUSA．Everythingwentwithout8,though.Theteacherswerewelcomingandthestudentswerefriendly.Themost9timewastravellingwithotherexchangestudentsaroundAustraliaduringoursemesterbreak.Thefewweekswe10togetherwerefullofamazingactivities.Attheendofour11inAustralia,wehadthreeweekstoshareourstoriesandhelpeachotherdealwithleaving.Itwasonly12thatourlastdaytogetherwasfilledwithtears.Wepackedourcamp,13e-mailaddressesandgatheredtogetherforafinalgoodbye.

Uponcominghome,anopenmindwasagainimportant.Resettlinghometooktimeand14,butatlastImadeit.Allthewhile,IwasthoughtfultoletmyfamilyandfriendsknowhowhappyIwastobehomeandhowmuchIhadmissedthem—thoughtheexperienceisstill15withme.So,ifyouhavetheopportunitytostudyabroad,youmostcertainlyshouldgo.1．A．task B．dream C．chance D．vacation2．A．packing B．convincing C．performing D．preparing3．A．exchange B．freshman C．junior D．senior4．A．Flying B．Landing C．Working D．Studying5．A．catchupwith B．putupwith C．dealwith D．livewith6．A．similarto B．differentfrom C．asgoodas D．thesameas7．A．excited B．annoyed C．worried D．confused8．A．hope B．doubt C．difficulty D．argument9．A．valuable B．acceptable C．comfortable D．unforgettable10．A．spent B．lived C．studied D．worked11．A．stay B．visit C．trip D．holiday12．A．funny B．natural C．strange D．simple13．A．made B．wrote C．shared D．exchanged14．A．effort B．money C．ability D．wisdom15．A．sadly B．clearly C．lively D．amazingly【答案】1．C2．D3．A4．B5．D6．B7．C8．C9．D10．A11．A12．B13．D14．A15．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在澳洲一段印象深刻而又难忘的交换生经历。1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我15岁的时候，机会来了。A.task任务；B.dream梦想；C.chance机会；D.vacation假期。根据上文中的“Ialwayswantedtoexperienceanotherculture.”可知，作者一直想要体验另一种文化，结合下文中的“Iwasreadytospendthesecondsemesterofmyfirsthighschoolyear”可知，后来作者去加拿大度过高中一年级的下学期，由此可知，此处指的是作者的“机会”来了。故选C项。2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几个月的计划和准备，我已经准备好了作为交换生在澳大利亚度过高中第一学年的第二学期。A.packing打包；B.convincing说服；C.performing表演，做；D.preparing准备。根据下文中的“Iwasreadytospendthesecondsemesterofmyfirsthighschoolyearasa(n)___3___studentinAustralia.”可知，因为已经准备好了在澳大利亚度过高中第一学年的第二学期，由此可知，这是经过几个月的计划和“准备”得到的结果。故选D项。3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几个月的计划和准备，我已经准备好了作为交换生在澳大利亚度过高中第一学年的第二学期。A.exchange交换；B.freshman大一新生；C.junior初中生；D.senior高中学生。根据上文中的“GrowingupintheUSA,Ialwayswantedtoexperienceanotherculture.”可知，作者成长在美国，总想去体验另外一种文化，结合“Iwasreadytospendthesecondsemesterofmyfirsthighschoolyear”可知，作者要在澳大利亚度过高中第一学年的第二学期，由此可推断，此处指的是作者作为“交换生”的身份去澳大利亚。故选A项。4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在珀斯着陆是我一生中最激动人心的时刻之一。A.Flying飞行；B.Landing着陆；C.Working工作；D