第03讲选择性必修三Unit3Backtothepast教材知识新课预习寒假预习讲义(原卷版)

第03讲Unit3Backtothepast(选择必修三)模块一思维导图串知识模块二基础知识全梳理(吃透教材)模块三教材习题学解题模块四核心考点精准练模块五小试牛刀过关测语言能力：理解和掌握表语从句的用法及功能，把握历史文章的语篇结构和语言特征；文化意识：了解历史事件，反思历史，珍爱和平，树立人类命运共同体意识；思维品质：能运用事实来阐释观点，提高思维能力；学习能力：通过观察、比较和总结等手段，概括语篇的文体、语言和结构的特点。单元知识点单元词汇1.onbehalfof代表(或代替)；为帮助，为了[教材原句]Between1405and1433，onbehalfoftheMingDynasty,ZhengHemadeatotalofsevenvoyages.1405年到1433年期间，郑和代表明朝总共进行了七次航行。(1)onbehalfof只能用作状语，表示“代表/代替某人”(2)represent用来表示“代表某人/某个团体/政府等”“某种标志代表什么”“某物(书、雕塑等)表现的是什么”和“把某人/物描绘成什么”(3)standfor往往用来表示“(字母、数字、符号等)代表/象征什么”2.loadvt.&vi.装上，装入n.负载；承载量；大量[教材原句]Hisshipswereloadedwithchina,silk,teaandothertreasuresasgiftsforforeignrulers,andthefleetpaidfriendlyvisitstomorethan30countriesandregions.他的船满载瓷器、丝绸、茶叶和其他奇珍异宝作为馈赠异邦君王的礼品，船队还对30多个国家和地区进行了友好访问。load...with...load...with...用……装载……(2)takealoadoffone'smind打消某人的顾虑(3)loadsof＝aloadof许多；大量(修饰可数或不可数名词)[联想发散]load装载unload卸下pack把……打包unpack打开(包裹等)取出cover覆盖；遮蔽uncover打开……的盖子fold折叠；对折unfold打开；展开3.strengthenvt.&vi.加强，增强[教材原句]ZhengHe'seffortshelpeddevelopandstrengthenharmoniousrelationswiththesecountriesandregions,exposingforeignpeopletoChineseculture,andallowingtheChinesetobetterunderstandoverseaslands.郑和的努力有助于发展和巩固中国与这些国家和地区的和睦关系，促进中国文化的对外传播，也增进中国对海外诸邦的了解。(1)strengthn.[C]长处；强项；[U]力量；体力buildupone'sstrength/body强身健体withallone'sstrength用尽全力strengthsandweaknesses优点和缺点(2)strongadj.强壮的4.dismissvt.不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散[教材原句]Formanyyears,somehistoriansdismissedtherecordsofthesevoyagesaslegends.多年来，一些历史学家把这些航海记录当作传说而不予理会。dismiss...as...因认为……而不予以考虑dismiss...fromone'smind从头脑中摒除……，不再考虑……dismisssb.fromsth.解除某人……职务dismisssb.forsth.因某事解雇某人5.acknowledgevt.承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢[教材原句]ZhengHe'sacplishmentsarenowwidelyacknowledged，andheisrememberedasoneofChina'smostinfluentialexplorers.郑和的成就现在受到广泛认可，他也作为中国最具影响力的探险家之一被世人铭记。(1)acknowledge...tobe/as...承认……是/为……acknowledgedoing/havingdonesth.承认做了某事Itis(widely)acknowledgedthat...人们(普遍)认为……(2)acknowledgementn.承认；感谢；收件复函inacknowledgementof为感谢……[名师点津]acknowledge表示“承认做了某事”，其后可接动名词，也可接that从句，但通常不接不定式。6.insistvi.&vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说[教材原句]ColumbusinsistedonsearchingforadirectsearoutetotheEastIndiesbysailingacrosstheAtlanticOcean.哥伦布决心横渡大西洋，开辟一条直通东印度群岛的航线。insistondoingsth.执意继续做insiston/uponsth.坚决要求insistthat...坚持认为……；坚决要求……[名师点津]insistthat...(1)作“强调；坚持认为”时，从句用陈述语气；(2)作“坚持要求，坚决主张”时，后跟宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词要用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。7.panicn.惊慌；恐慌vi.&vt.(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措[教材原句]Themenonboardwereinpanic.船上的人们都陷入了恐慌。(1)inpanic惊慌失措地getintoapanic陷入恐慌(2)odoingsth.使……惊慌地做某事[名师点津]注意panic的过去式和过去分词都是panicked。8.convincevt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说[教材原句]ColumbuscalledthenativeslivingontheislandsIndiansbecausehewasconvincedthathewasintheEastIndies.哥伦布深信来到了东印度群岛，便将生活在岛上的土著人称为印第安人。(1)convincesb.todosth.说服某人做某事convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事convincesb.that...使某人相信……(2)convincedadj.确信的；坚信不疑的beconvincedofsth.确信；坚信；深信beconvincedthat...相信……(3)convincingadj.令人信服的；有说服力的9.astonishvt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊[教材原句]TherecordsshowthatthevisitorswereastonishedbyhowrichandtechnologicallyadvancedtheMingDynastywas.记录表明，来访者对明朝如此富有和技术上如此先进感到很震惊。(1)Itastonishessb.that...令某人惊讶的是……(2)astonishingadj.令人惊讶的(3)astonishedadj.感到惊讶的beastonishedat/bysth.因/对某事感到惊讶beastonishedtodosth.对做某事感到惊讶(4)astonishmentn.惊讶；惊异toone'sastonishment令某人吃惊的是inastonishment惊讶地，惊奇地10.abandonvt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃；中止；使放纵；使听任n.放任；放纵[教材原句]Afterreceivingtheordertoabandonship,Louissavedmoremenfromthewater,draggingthemintothelifeboat.在接到弃船的命令后，路易又从水里救上来更多的人，将他们拖到救生艇上。(1)abandononeselfto...沉湎于……；纵情于……abandondoingsth.放弃做某事(2)withabandon尽情地；放纵地(3)abandonedadj.被遗弃的；放纵的beabandonedto沉湎于……11.confusionn.困惑，混乱[教材原句]Inthechaosandconfusionaftertheattack,theUSNavysentamessagetohisfamilythatLouishadbeenkilledintheattack.在袭击之后的混乱中，美国海军给他的家人送去消息，称路易已经在袭击中遇害。(1)inconfusion困惑地，困窘地；乱七八糟，处于混乱状态(2)confusevt.使糊涂，使迷惑，打乱，混淆confuse...with...把……和……混淆(3)confusedadj.糊涂的，迷惑的be/getconfusedabout...对……感到疑惑(4)confusingadj.难以理解的；使人困惑的单元句型1.with的宾语补足语[教材原句]Afleetofover200shipsnavigatedtheblueseas,withalmost28,000peopleonboard,whichwasasplendidscene.一支由200多艘船只组成的船队在蓝色的大海上航行，船上有近2.8万人，场面十分壮观。eq\a\vs4\al(with＋,宾语＋)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(形容词/副词,介词短语(表示方式或伴随状态),现在分词(表示主动或进行),过去分词(表示被动或完成),不定式(表示将来)))[名师点津](1)在with复合结构中，现在分词作宾语补足语时强调动作正在进行，且宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。(2)及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语时表示被动与完成，且宾语补足语与宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系；不及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语时，只表示动作已完成。(3)动词不定式作宾语补足语时表示一个还未发生的动作。2.现在分词作状语[教材原句]ZhengHe'seffortshelpeddevelopandstrengthenharmoniousrelationswiththesecountriesandregions,exposingforeignpeopletoChineseculture,andallowingtheChinesetobetterunderstandoverseaslands.郑和的努力有助于发展和巩固中国与这些国家和地区的和睦关系，促进中国文化的对外传播，也增进中国对海外诸邦的了解。(1)现在分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句。(2)现在分词作状语时，句子主语是现在分词动作的执行者，主语与现在分词是主动关系。(3)现在分词(短语)作状语，含有一般式(doing)、完成式(havingdone)以及完成被动式(havingbeendone)。(4)一般情况下，现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语；如果作状语的分词的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致，分词就要带上自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。(2)现在分词(短语)充当结果状语时，常指自然而然的结果，不定式(短语)也可充当结果状语，常指出乎意料的结果。【巩固练习】I.根据句意或所给提示词用适当形式填空。1．I’mverygladtoputonaperformanceherebehalfofourschool.2．Atrain(load)withgoods,includingdailynecessities,machineryandequipment,leftTaiyuanonThursdaymorningforMersininsouthernTurkey.3．ThroughoutExpoOsaka2025,theChinaPavilionhasalsohostedawiderangeofculturalactivities(strengthen)theunderstandingbetweenChinaandtheworld.4．Thesepotentialsideeffects,howeverraretheymightoccur,wouldberisky(dismiss)withoutconsideringthelongtermwellbeingofthepatients.5．Weherasanexpertwhosebythecityinspiredothers.(acknowledge)6．Heonreadingeveryday,andhishashelpedhimaccumulatealotofknowledge.(insist)

7．Thelittleboy(panic)whenhelostsightofhismotherinthecrowdedshoppingmall.8．(convince)thattheresultsoftheexperimentwereaccurate,thescientistspublishedtheirfindingsinatopjournal.9．Theactorwasstaringatthenotewithan(astonish)lookonhisface.10．Duetohisterriblecough,hewasadvisedtoabandon(smoke).II.根据句意选择方框中所给短语并用适当形式填空。onbehalfofinsistonbeloadedwithinchaoscontrarytoallowforregardlessof1.Thevolunteersaimtohelpvictimsofdisasters________________theirraceornationality.

2.Whenarrangingourwork,weshould________________unforeseencircumstances.

3.________________theStudents’Union,I’mwritingtoinviteyoutogiveusaspeechonChinesehistory.

4.Ifyourdiet________________vegetables,fruits,wholegrainsandbeans,you’llbegettingalotoffiber.

5.She________________beingpresentatalltheinterviewsalthoughshewasnotherself.

Ⅲ.完成句子1．Allinall,studyingabroadwhileforall.(根据句意完成句子)2．Thesilencewassuddenlybrokenwhenalargecar,withanditshornblaring,roareddownthearcade.(根据句意填空)3．刚刚传来的好消息使我们保持乐观。(keep＋宾语＋宾补)Thegoodnewsthathasjuste.4．在这么令人害怕的情况下没有一个可以求助的人，她感到很无助。(with＋宾语＋宾补)insuchafrighteningsituation,shefeltveryhelpless.5．你可以想象，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，情况会很严重。(as引导非限制性定语从句；burn),ifyourskin,itcanbeveryserious.单元语法表语从句考点1that引导的表语从句that引导表语从句时仅起连接作用，无任何意义，在从句中不作任何成分，但不可省略。如果主句的主语是表示建议、命令等的名词(如advice，suggestion，proposal，order等)，那么表语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。考点2whether引导的表语从句whether引导表语从句时起连接作用，意为“是否”，但在从句中不作任何成分。注意：if不能引导表语从句。考点3连接代词引导的表语从句连接代词what,who,whom,whose,which等引导表语从句时，除了在句子中起连接作用外，还在从句中作成分。考点4连接副词引导的表语从句连接副词where,when,why,how等引导表语从句时，除在句中起连接作用外，还在从句中充当地点、时间、原因、方式等状语，本身有词义。考点5asif/asthough引导的表语从句asif/asthough引导的表语从句常置于系动词look,seem，sound，be，bee，feel等后面。考点6表语从句的特殊句式1.This/That/Itis/wasbecause...这/那是因为……句中because引导表语从句，this/that/it表示结果，从句表示原因。2.This/That/Itis/waswhy...这/那就是……的原因。句中why引导表语从句，this/that/it表示原因，从句表示结果。3.Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...……的原因是……句中why引导的定语从句修饰先行词reason，that引导表语从句。【巩固练习】1．Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksit’sgoingtorain.2．Thereasonwhyheislateforschoolishemissedthebus.3．Sheofteneslate.That’sshehasababytotakecareof.4．ThemostimportantpersoninmylifeisalwayssupportsmewhenIamintrouble.5．Thegoodnewsisthisstormyperiodwillnotlast.6．Youhaveimprovedyourstudyingmethods.ThatisyouhavemadegreatprogressinEnglish.7．FortheBritish,thehomeistheyregardasprotectionfromtheoutsideworld.8．Thefactisourteamhasenteredthefinalround.9．Theproblemiswecansolveitinanhour.10．Afterasemesterofobservationandmunication,that’sexactlythegroupofparentsandstudentsinHangzhouhasfoundaboutexcellentclassteachers.单元写作写一篇介绍历史书籍的文章本单元的写作任务是介绍一篇历史书籍的文章。介绍历史书籍,首先要介绍书的内容,其次是写作特点、书的作用和影响以及你对书的评价和看法。总之,要从不同角度让读者对书籍有个全面的了解。典题分析你校文学社将举办以“阅读流行历史书”为主题的征文活动，你打算投稿介绍流行历史书《明朝那些事儿》。请根据以下要点写一篇短文。1.以通俗易懂的方式介绍历史，受众广泛；2.利用故事和对比，生动形象；3.推荐阅读。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：TheNarrativeHistoryoftheMingDynasty《明朝那些事儿》________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文TheNarrativeHistoryoftheMingDynastyattemptstokeepawideraudienceeducatedabouthistorybypresentinghistoricalinformationinawaythatmakesiteasyforpeopletounderstand.Notonlydoesitallowustoempathizewithhistoricalfiguresinthefaceofdifficulties,butitalsomakesuswitnessthebrightfuture.Theauthoradoptsanaturalandchattystyleofwritingthatopensupthesubjectmattertotheordinaryreader.Meanwhile,whatarousesreadersinterestisthatheoftenusesstoriesandinterestingparisonstodescribehistoricalfiguresandeventsvividly.Loadedwithvividdescriptionsandfunfacts,thistypeofhistorybookishighlyreadable.Istronglyremendyoutoreadthisbook,whichiscertainlyafantasticwaytointroducepeopletothebasicsofhistory.【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生写一篇短文介绍流行历史书《明朝那些事儿》。【详解】1.词汇积累试图做某事：attempttodosth.→trytodosth.说：present→reveal有同感，起共鸣：empathize→resonate极好的，极出色的：fantastic→excellent2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Loadedwithvividdescriptionsandfunfacts,thistypeofhistorybookishighlyreadable.拓展句：Thistypeofhistorybook

whichisloadedwithvividdescriptionsandfunfactsishighlyreadable,.【点睛】[高分句型1]Notonlydoesitallowustoempathizewithhistoricalfiguresinthefaceofdifficulties,butitalsomakesuswitnessthebrightfuture.(运用了notonly…butalso结构及倒装句型)[高分句型2]Istronglyremendyoutoreadthisbook,whichiscertainlyafantasticwaytointroducepeopletothebasicsofhistory.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)[写作迁移]假定你是李华，在澳大利亚悉尼参观时，你在某书店购买了一本有关中国历史文物的书，你发现有些英文说明与事实不符。请你向该出版社写一封投诉信，内容包括：1.说明存在的问题;2.给予可行的建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答;3.参考词汇：文物historicartefact。DearSirorMadam,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtoyourfavorablereply!Yourssincerely,LiHua考点1onbehalfof代表(或代替)；为帮助，为了1．Between1405and1433,onbehalftheMingDynasty,ZhengHemadeatotalofsevenvoyages.(用适当的词填空)2．Iamworkingonaprojectbehalfofmyclassaboutcampusbullying(霸凌).3．behalfoftheStudents’Union,I’mwritingtoinviteyoutogiveusaspeechonChinesehistory.(用适当的词填空)考点2loadvt.&vi.装上，装入n.负载；承载量；大量1．Thetruckis(load)withfreshfruitsandvegetables.(所给词的适当形式填空)2．(load)withchina,silk,teaandothertreasuresasgiftsforforeignrulers,thefleetpaidfriendlyvisitstomorethan30countriesandregions.(所给词的适当形式填空)3．Hetookovertheunionwhenitwasloadeddebts.(用适当的词填空)考点3strengthenvt.&vi.加强，增强1．Thefriendshipbetweenthepeoplesofthetwocountrieshas(strengthen)throughvariousmeans.(所给词的适当形式填空)2．Chinaismittedto(strengthen)friendshipandcooperationwithothercountriesonthebasisoftheFivePrinciplesofPeacefulCoexistence.(所给词的适当形式填空)3．SpeakingatthesecondNationalParkForumheldinXining,capitalofQinghaiprovince,GuansaidChinahasadoptedthestrictestmeasures(strengthen)theprotectionoftheauthenticityandintegrityoftheecosystem,andpromotethecontinuousimprovementofecologicalfunctions.(所给词的适当形式填空)考点4dismissvt.不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散1．Theworkmanwasdisciplinedbyhispanybutnot(dismiss).(所给词的适当形式填空)2．Theservant(dismiss)forbeinglazyanddishonest.(所给词的适当形式填空)3．HesattherewhileImadethecaseforhis(dismiss).(所给词的适当形式填空)考点5acknowledgevt.承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢1．Withnosolidevidence,thepolicecouldn’thavehimacknowledge(steal)thelady’spurse.(所给词的适当形式填空)2．TheCEOisreported(acknowledge)thepany’sroleintheenvironmentaldamageintheconferencetheotherday.(所给词的适当形式填空)3．It’sgenerally(acknowledge)thatProfessorHawkingisoneof

theworld’sgreatestphysicists.(所给词的适当形式填空)考点6insistvi.&vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说1．Maryinsistedthatshe(be)rightbuthermotherinsistedthatshe(say)sorrytoAnnie.（所给词的适当形式填空）2．Thedoctorinsistedthathe(be)seriouslyillandthathe(operate)onimmediately.(所给词的适当形式填空)3．Thatisnotlove,andyouknowit.Whydoyouinsiston(call)itlove?(所给词的适当形式填空)考点7convincevt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说1．Yuan(convince)thattheanswercouldbefoundinthecreationofhybridrice.(所给词的适当形式填空)2．ThesummitisaexampleofChina’sdeterminationandefforttoadvanceopenupandencouragehighqualitypartnershipswithmultinationals.(convincing)(所给词的适当形式填空)3．Sofarthereisno(convince)evidencethatthereexistslifeinouterspace.(所给词的适当形式填空)考点8astonishvt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊1．Greatlymyastonishment,theboyinthecaraccidentcouldsurvived.(用适当的词填空)2．Seeingherhusbandholdingabunchofflowers,shefrozeastonishment.(用适当的词填空)3．Shewastohearthenewsandstoodtherestill.(astonish)(所给词的适当形式填空)考点9confusionn.困惑，混乱1．Thelittleboylooked(confuse)whiledoinghismathhomework.(所给词的适当形式填空)2．Learningaculture’sunspokenlanguageissometimes(confuse).(所给词的适当形式填空)3．PeopleofmygenerationwholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhavevividmemoriesof(confuse)(所给词的适当形式填空)考点10现在分词作状语1．(give)himawrongaddress,Ifeltsorrythathecouldn’tfindhisfriend’shome.(所给词的适当形式填空)2．Globalsurfacetemperaturelastmonthwere2.25degreeswarmerthanthe20thcenturyaverage,(break)previousrecordsbymorethanhalfadegree.(所给词的适当形式填空)3．(judge)fromhisexcitedexpression,hemusthavegotgoodgradesinthemathexam.(所给词的适当形式填空)考点11表语从句1．Thereasonwhyshecriedisshelostherfavoritetoy.(用适当的词填空)2．Thebiggestproblemiswecangetenoughmoneyfortheproject.(用适当的词填空)3．Thetruth,though,iscouldbeguessed—there’sneveranyoneelsehere.(用适当的词填空)一、阅读理解ThegiantAmazonrainforestinSouthAmericahasbeenamysteryforcenturies.Itholdsallkindsofnaturalwonders.AmongtheminColombia,ariverstandsoutas”themostbeautifulriver“intheworld.LocallycalledCarnioCristales,thisspecialriverliesinanationalpark.Itismadeupofseveralwaterfalls,rapids,andplentyofpools.Formostoftheyear,CarnioCristaleslookslikeamonriver:clean,green,androcky.However,duringtheshortperiodbetweenSeptemberandNovember,theriverexplodeswithlifeandcolour.Itappearsasanymixofcoloursincludingblue,green,yellow,orange,andapurplishred.Soitisalsoknownasthe“RiverofFiveColours”.Althoughatfirstitmayappearasifsomechemicalswereaddedtothewater,thisrainbowriverispletelynatural,CarnioCristales’coloursaretheresultofarare(稀有)waterplantwhichneedssunlighttogrow.Theplantschangecolourdependingonhowmuchsunlighttheyreceive,andtheamountisdecidedbytheheightandspeedofthewater.Therefore,itispossiblefortheplantstobetotallycolourlessifthesunlightistoohardtoget.Theyareadelicateplant.Thismakesthemeasilydamagedinthewater.Actually,theriverfacessomeproblems,includingdrierseasons,wildlifetrouble,wastemanagement,andbudget(预算)cuts.In2007,theparkwasforcedtoclosebecauseitwasovercrowdedwithtourists.Nowtheparkadmitsonly200peopleadayandrequiresthemtomindtheirbehaviour.Today,CarnioCristalesstillshinesamongColombia’smostpopularnaturalattractions,drawingthousandsoftouristseveryyear.1．WhenisthebesttimetovisitCarnioCristales?A．InOctober. B．InMarch. C．InJune. D．InJanuary.2．WhyisCarnioCristalescolourful?A．Thewaterisbadlypolluted. B．Peopleaddchemicalstoit.C．Aspecialplantlivesinit. D．Theweatherischangeablethere.3．WhydoesCarnioCristalesreturntoamonriverappearanceformostoftheyear?A．Theplantslosetheircolorsduetoheavyrainfall.B．Thewaterbeespollutedduringdryseasons.C．Insufficient(不足的)sunlightpreventstheplantsfromchangingcolor.D．Touristsremovethecolorfulplantsforsouvenirs.4．Whatoncecausedtheparktobeclosed?A．Thewildlifeproblem. B．Thepoorservice.C．Toomuchrubbish. D．Toomanyvisitors.二、阅读七选五Cheerleading,asportaboutorganizedcheeringanddancinginsupportofasportsteam,isoneofAmericaˈsoldest,butoftenundervaluedsports.Manynowconnectthesportwithenergetichighschoolteamsorprofessionalteamsonthesidelines.1Therehavebeensignificantchangesovertime.Nowwidelyseenasafemaleledactivity,cheerleadingwasledbymalesatfirst.In1869,duringthefirstAmericanfootballmatchbetweenPrincetonUniversityandRutgersUniversity,Princetonstudentscelebratedtheirvictorybyyelling“Boom!Ah!”repeatedly.2Byparison,anotherstoryplacesitsbeginningatagamebetweenPrincetonUniversityandtheUniversityofMinnesotaonNovember2,1898.AmedicalstudentnamedJohnnyCampbelltookaloudspeaker,broughtthousandsoffanstogether,andledanorganizedseriesofcheers.3Theseyellleadersnotonlyliftedfansˈspirits,butalsohelpedmanagethecrowds.By1903,oneofthefirstofficialallmaleclubswasestablished.In1923,theUniversityofMinnesotaadmittedwomenintoitscheeringteam,althoughmencontinuedtocontrolthesidelinesformanyyears.Asworldwarsbrokeout,largenumbersofmenenteredthemilitary.4Theyintroducednewthingssuchasacrobatics(杂技)andthenowcharacteristicpompoms(绒球).Overthenextdecade,theorganizationofteamsgrewrapidly.In1948,theNationalCheerleadersAssociationwasestablishedandlaternationalcheerleadingteamsalsoappeared.5Encouragingly,theInternationalOlympicmitteefinallyconfirmeditasasportin2021,pavingthewayforeventualOlympicparticipation.Today,cheerleadingattractsoverthreemillionparticipantsacrosstheUnitedStatesandcontinuestodevelopasbothasportandaculturalactivity.A．Butthisimageisnothowitallbegan.B．Thus,thesportwasforgottenforshortperiods.C．Therefore,womentookuptheunfilledpositions.D．Manyhistoriansmarkthiseventasthesportˈsbirth.E．Thischange,however,wasaturningpointforthesport.F．Inspiredbythis,moreUSleadergroupsweresoonformed.G．Despitethese,cheerleadingwasofficiallyunrecognizedforlong.三、完形填空WhenMemoryis“Delayed”ThesuddenpostponementofthefilmUnit731,withvagueofficialexplanations,hassparkedwidespreaddisappointmentandangeracrosssocialmedia—nottowardthefilmitself,buttowardthosewhoattemptedto1thishistoricalmemorythroughignorantplaintsandcensorship.Thisdelayisnotmerelyascheduling2;itisabrutalinterferencewithhistoricalremembrance,yetanotheractof3bythosewhodarenotconfrontthetruthofhistory.

TheatrocitiesmittedbyJapan’sUnit731havelongbeen4byhistoricalarchivesandcountlesstestimonies.DuringWorldWarII,thisunitconductedhorrificbiologicalwarfareexperimentsandlivehuman5,treatingpeopleasnothingmorethantestsubjects.Frostbiteexperiments,bacterialinjections,vivisection—theseacts,which6allmoralboundaries,arenotartisticexaggerationsbutwelldocumentedhistoricalfacts.ThevictimsofUnit731weremostlyChineseciviliansandprisonersofwar,theirsufferinganddeathsforminganunhealed7inourcollectivenationalmemory.Todenyordownplaythishistoryisnotonlyadesecrationofthedeadbutalsoan8towardthefuture.

Itisworthnotingthatinrecentyears,therehasbeenasurgeinplaintsandcensorship9historicalfilms.FromCityofLifeandDeathtoTheEightHundred,andnowUnit731,thereseemstobeanundercurrentattemptingtopreventtheChinesepeoplefrom10theirhistoricaltrauma.Theseplainersoftenhidebehindexcuseslike“avoidingethnicconflict”or“maintainingharmony,”butinreality,theyrevealtheir11ofhistoryandindifferencetonationaldignity.Historyisnotadolltobedressedupasonepleases;thetruthdoesnotchangejustbecauseitmakessomepeople12.Anationthatdaresnotfaceitspaincannevertrulystandtall.ThosewhotrytoerasehistoricalmemorythroughcensorshiparenodifferentfromJapan’srightwinghistoricalrevisionists—bothare13ofmemory,justindifferentforms.

Reverenceforourmartyrsmustbeginwithanunwavering14tohistoricaltruth.ThecottonfibersfoundinGeneralYangJingyu’sstomach,thebloodstainedfarewellletterofZhaoYiman,theremainsofcountlessunnamedheroes—theseareirrefutablewitnessestohistory.Truepatriotismdoesnotmeanshyingawayfromnationalsufferingbutrememberingitand15aboveit.1．A．preserve B．suppress C．promote D．ignore2．A．adjustment B．mistake C．error D．failure3．A．bravery B．honesty C．cowardice D．wisdom4．A．denied B．confirmed C．forgotten D．ignored5．A．treatments B．examinations C．dissections D．operations6．A．follow B．respect C．transcend D．establish7．A．scar B．wound C．injury D．pain8．A．responsibility B．irresponsibility C．response D．irresponsive9．A．targeting B．praising C．ignoring D．creating10．A．forgetting B．confronting C．celebrating D．denying11．A．knowledge B．understanding C．ignorance D．awareness12．A．fortable B．unfortable C．happy D．excited13．A．creators B．protectors C．murderers D．keepers14．A．opposition B．mitment C．objection D．rejection15．A．falling B．rising C．staying D．lying四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheGreatWall,oneofthemostfamous1(landmark)intheworld,stretchesacrossthenorthernpartofChinalikeahugedragon.Withatotal2(long)ofover21,000kilometers,itisthelongestmanmadestructureeverbuilt.3(it)constructionbeganasearlyasthe7thcenturyBCE,duringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod,andcontinuedthroughdifferentdynasties—mostnotablytheQinDynasty,4sectionswereconnectedtoformaunifieddefensesystem,andtheMingDynasty.Originally,theGreatWall5(build)formilitarydefense:itprotectedancientChineseempiresfromattacksbynomadicgroupsfromthenorth.Alongthewall,therearewatchtowers6(employ)tospotenemiesandsendsignals,battlements,andfortressesusedtostationtroopsandstoresupplies.Thesefeaturesshowthegreat7(wise)ofancientChineseengineersandsoldiers.Today,theGreatWallisnolongeramilitarystructure8aworldfamoustouristattractionandaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Everyyear,millionsofvisitorsfromhomeandabroadetowalkonitsstonesteps,climbitswatchtowers,andenjoy9breathtakingviewsofmountainsandvalleysaroundit.SectionslikeBadalingandMutianyuareespeciallypopular.Morethanjustawall,theGreatWallisasymbolofChinesehistory,culture,andnationalspirit.Itstands10areminderofthehardworkandcreativityofancientChinesepeople,andcontinuestotellthestoryofChinatotheworld.五、书信写作假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Selena来信表示对中国文学作品很感兴趣。请你给她回信，内容包括：1．推荐一部中国文学作品；2．简要说明作品内容及推荐理由。注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearSelena,I’mpleasedtohearaboutyourinterestinChineseliterature!_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua六