考前押题05 完形填空题(期末专项训练) （解析版）

1/1考前押题05完形填空题(期末专项训练)话题1社会与人物话题4学校与教育话题2生活与学习话题5生态与自然话题3文化与社会话题6社会与服务话题1社会与人物Passage1FrancisKereisthefirstAfricantowinthePritzkerPrize,knownastheNobelPrizeofarchitecture.However,his1tothepeakofhisfieldwasfarfromsmooth.Growingupinavillagewheretherewasnokindergarten,hewas2intoanextremelyhotclassroomwithover100students.Attheageof7,FrancisKerehadtoleavehisfamilyhometoattendschoolbecausehisvillagedidn’thaveoneofitsown.This3ofpoorbuildingfacilitiescontributedtohisvisionofbettereducationallivesoflocalchildren,usingarchitecture.Thirteenyearslater,heboardedaplaneforGermanyonascholarshiptostudyarchitecture.Hisearlyreputationcameinhelping4aschoolinhisvillageaftergraduatingfromcollege.He5thewholevillagetoprovideideasanddrewthe6onsandforalltosee.7,heinvolvedtheminconstructingtheschool,usinglocalwoodandlocalclay(黏土).Theresultoftheirhardworkwasawelcomingstructurewitha“floating”roofthat8ventilation(通风)inahotclimateandwallopeningsthatbring9forstudentstolearnevenwithoutelectricity.Heshowedthevillagersthatideasto10climateorotherchallengesarealwaysathand.Inthisprocess,localpeoplelearned11skillsthattheycouldlaterusetofindwork.Bycooperatingwiththem,Kere12theideathatclimatesolutionsstartedwithbiginstitutions.He13thateveryonecouldcontributetoaddressingthemajorissuesrelatedtoeducationandclimateand14aglobalimpactbyactinglocally.Adoptedbyarchitectsindozensofcountries,his15isrootedinthe“unique”aspectsofeachcommunitynow.1．A．angle B．welfare C．journey D．border2．A．perceived B．crowded C．estimated D．reacted3．A．trick B．infection C．qualification D．experience4．A．integrate B．chart C．oppose D．design5．A．banned B．encouraged C．ordered D．warned6．A．firm B．soil C．draft D．gesture7．A．Moreover B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．However8．A．blocks B．delays C．refuses D．allows9．A．wind B．fire C．light D．air10．A．subscribeto B．dealwith C．participatein D．dependon11．A．academic B．urgent C．severe D．practical12．A．challenged B．declared C．attracted D．agreed13．A．denied B．suspected C．imagined D．demonstrated14．A．ignore B．generate C．miss D．lose15．A．innovation B．fantasy C．patience D．expense【答案】1．C2．B3．D4．D5．B6．C7．A8．D9．C10．B11．D12．A13．D14．B15．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了非洲著名建筑师FrancisKere通过和当地人合作，设计出了实用的学校。并且，他向村民们表明，应对气候变化或其他挑战的想法总是近在咫尺，每个人都可以通过地方行动，为解决与教育和气候有关的重大问题做出贡献，并产生全球影响。1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他在这一领域的巅峰之旅远非一帆风顺。A.angle角；B.welfare福利；C.journey旅程；D.border边界。根据后文“tothepeakofhisfield”此处指他在自己所在领域带到巅峰的旅程，故选C。2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在一个没有幼儿园的村庄长大，被挤进一个有100多名学生的非常热的教室。A.perceived感知；B.crowded挤进；C.estimated估计；D.reacted反应。根据后文“intoanextremelyhotclassroomwithover100students”可知，教室人很多，他是被挤进去的。故选B。3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种糟糕的建筑设施的经历促成了他对当地儿童更好的教育生活的愿景，利用建筑。A.trick诡计；B.infection感染；C.qualification资格；D.experience经历。此处指上文他被挤进一个有100多名学生的非常热的教室的经历，故选D。4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他大学毕业后帮助在村里设计了一所学校，由此获得了早期的名声。A.integrate合并；B.chart记录；C.oppose反对；D.design设计。根据上文“Thirteenyearslater,heboardedaplaneforGermanyonascholarshiptostudyarchitecture.(13年后，他拿着奖学金登上了飞往德国学习建筑的飞机)”可知，他学习的是建筑，所以是设计学校。故选D。5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励全村的人出谋划策，并把草图画在沙子上让大家看。A.banned禁止；B.encouraged鼓励；C.ordered命令；D.warned警告。根据后文“thewholevillagetoprovideideas”指他鼓励全村人出谋划策，设计学校。故选B。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励全村的人出谋划策，并把草图画在沙子上让大家看。A.firm公司；B.soil土壤；C.draft草稿；D.gesture姿势。根据后文“onsandforalltosee”可知，画在沙子上的是最初的设计草稿。故选C。7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，他让他们参与建造学校，使用当地的木材和粘土。A.Moreover此外；B.Otherwise否则；C.Therefore因此；D.However然而。后文参与建造学校，使用当地的木材和粘土，是对上文的补充说明应用moreover。故选A。8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们努力工作的结果是一个受欢迎的结构，“浮动”屋顶允许在炎热的气候下通风，墙壁开口为学生提供光照，即使没有电也可以学习。A.blocks阻塞；B.delays推迟；C.refuses拒绝；D.allows允许。根据后文“ventilationinahotclimate”可知，他设计的“浮动”屋顶允许在炎热的气候下通风，故选D。9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们努力工作的结果是一个受欢迎的结构，“浮动”屋顶允许在炎热的气候下通风，墙壁开口为学生提供光照，即使没有电也可以学习。A.wind风；B.fire火；C.light光线；D.air空气。根据上文“wallopeningsthatbring”以及后文“evenwithoutelectricity”可知，墙壁上开口是为了提供光线照明，故选C。10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他向村民们表明，应对气候变化或其他挑战的想法总是近在咫尺。A.subscribeto订阅；B.dealwith处理；C.participatein参加；D.dependon依靠。根据后文“climateorotherchallenges”以及上文他的设计很方便实用，可知此处指应对气候变化或其他挑战的想法。故选B。11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这个过程中，当地人学到了一些实用的技能，这些技能以后可以用来找工作。A.academic学术的；B.urgent紧急的；C.severe严重的；D.practical实际的，实用的。根据后文“skillsthattheycouldlaterusetofindwork”可知，这些技能可以用来找工作，说明很实用。故选D。12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过与他们合作，Kere挑战了气候解决方案始于大型机构的想法。A.challenged挑战；B.declared宣布；C.attracted吸引；D.agreed同意。根据后文“everyonecouldcontributetoaddressingthemajorissues”可知，他表明，每个人都可以通过地方行动，为解决与教育和气候有关的重大问题做出贡献，这挑战了气候解决方案始于大型机构的想法。故选A。13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他表明，每个人都可以通过地方行动，为解决与教育和气候有关的重大问题做出贡献，并产生全球影响。A.denied否认；B.suspected怀疑；C.imagined想象；D.demonstrated证明。根据后文“everyonecouldcontributetoaddressingthemajorissues”结合上文他的设计可知，建筑师通过实践表明了每个人都可以对重大问题做出贡献，故选D。14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他表明，每个人都可以通过地方行动，为解决与教育和气候有关的重大问题做出贡献，并产生全球影响。A.ignore忽视；B.generate产生；C.miss错过；D.lose失去。根据后文“aglobalimpact”指地方行动可以产生全球影响。故选B。15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的创新植根于每个社区的“独特”方面，被几十个国家的建筑师采用。A.innovation创新；B.fantasy幻想；C.patience耐心；D.expense花费。根据后文“isrootedinthe“unique”aspectsofeachcommunitynow”可知，他根据社区的独特性进行了创新，故选A。Passage2Bryanalmostdidn’tnoticetheoldlady,whowas1onthesideoftheroad.Butdespitethedarklight,hecouldseesheneeded2.Withouthesitation,hepulledover,gotoutofhiscar,and3her.Theoldlady,however,seemed4.Washegoingtohurther?Helookedpoorandhungry.Sensingheruneaseasshestoodthereinthecold,Bryan5acomfortingsmile,“I’mheretohelpyou,ma’am,“hesaidgently.“Whydon’tyouwaitinthecarwhereit’s6;Bytheway,mynameisBryan.”Theflattire(轮胎)wasabig7forher.Bryanslidunderthecarto8thejack(千斤顶),andquicklyreplacedthetire,eventhoughhishandsgot9intheprocess.Theoldladycouldn’tthankhimenoughforcomingtoher10.Sheaskedhowmuchsheshouldpay,butBryansimplytoldherto11himbackbysupportingsomeonein12.Later,theoldladystoppedatacafé,whereapregnant(怀孕的)waitresshelpeddryherwethair.13bythewaitress’kindness,sheleft$400withanotethatread,“Donotletthischainoflove14withyou.”15moved,thewaitressreturnedhomeandspoketohishusbandsoftly,“Everything’sgoingtobeallright,Bryan.”1．A．based B．focused C．stuck D．decided2．A．help B．money C．treatment D．advice3．A．wentagainst B．headedtoward C．arguedwith D．passedover4．A．excited B．outgoing C．worried D．friendly5．A．struggled B．hid C．received D．offered6．A．warm B．crowded C．clean D．limited7．A．picture B．headache C．part D．name8．A．transport B．weigh C．place D．clean9．A．dirty B．clean C．washed D．fixed10．A．sense B．notice C．mind D．aid11．A．recover B．repay C．reduce D．require12．A．curiosity B．balance C．doubt D．need13．A．Touched B．Designed C．Written D．Created14．A．compare B．share C．end D．fight15．A．Slightly B．Recently C．Rarely D．Deeply【答案】1．C2．A3．B4．C5．D6．A7．B8．C9．A10．D11．B12．D13．A14．C15．D【难度】0.85【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Bryan帮助一位轮胎坏了的老太太，老太太随后在一家咖啡馆里被女服务员的善良所感动，留下400美元和一张纸条，希望将这份爱心传递下去，而这个女服员恰巧是Bryan的妻子。1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：布莱恩几乎没有注意到那位被困在路边的老太太。A.based以……为基础；B.focused集中；C.stuck被困住；D.decided决定。根据后文“Theflattire(轮胎)wasabig____7____forher.”可知，老太太的车轮胎坏了，所以被困在了路边。故选C。2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是尽管光线很暗，他能看到她需要帮助。A.help帮助；B.money钱；C.treatment治疗；D.advice建议。根据后文“pulledover,gotoutofhiscar”以及“Bryanslidunderthecarto____8____thejack(千斤顶),andquicklyreplacedthetire,eventhoughhishandsgot____9____intheprocess,Theoldladycouldn’tthankhimenoughforcomingtoher____10____.”可知，Bryan帮助老太太换轮胎，所以老太太此时需要帮助。故选A。3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他毫不犹豫地靠边停车，下车，向她走去。A.wentagainst反对；B.headedtoward朝……走去；C.arguedwith与……争论；D.passedover略过，忽视。根据前文“Withouthesitation,hepulledover,gotoutofhiscar”可知，Bryan停车下车后朝老太太走去。故选B。4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，老太太似乎很担心。A.excited兴奋的；B.outgoing外向的；C.worried担心的；D.friendly友好的。根据后文“Washegoingtohurther?”可知，老太太担心Bryan会伤害她。故选C。5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：感觉到她在寒风中站在那里感到不安，Bryan露出了一个安慰的微笑。A.struggled挣扎；B.hid隐藏；C.received收到；D.offered提供，给予。根据后文“acomfortingsmile”可知，Bryan给老太太一个安慰的微笑。故选D。6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你为什么不在车里等着，那里很暖和。A.warm暖和的；B.crowded拥挤的；C.clean干净的；D.limited有限的。根据前文“Whydon’tyouwaitinthecar”可知，老太太站在寒风中，所以Bryan让她去车里等着，说明车里很暖和。故选A。7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：瘪了的轮胎对她来说是个大麻烦。A.picture图片；B.headache麻烦事；C.part部分；D.name名字。根据后文“Bryanslidunderthecarto____8____thejack(千斤顶),andquicklyreplacedthetire,eventhoughhishandsgot____9____intheprocess.”可知，老太太的车轮胎坏了，所以对她来说是个大麻烦。故选B。8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bryan钻到车下放好千斤顶，并迅速换好了轮胎。A.transport运输；B.weigh称重；C.place放置；D.clean打扫。根据后文“thejack(千斤顶)”以及“quicklyreplacedthetire”可知，Bryan钻到车下放好了千斤顶。故选C。9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管在这个过程中他的手弄脏了，但他还是迅速换好了轮胎。A.dirty脏的；B.clean干净的；C.washed洗过的；D.fixed固定的。根据前文“Bryanslidunderthecarto____8____thejack(千斤顶),andquicklyreplacedthetire”可知，Bryan钻到车下换轮胎，所以手弄脏了。故选A。10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：老太太非常感激他能来帮忙。A.sense感觉；B.notice通知；C.mind思维；D.aid帮助。根据前文“Bryanslidunderthecarto____8____thejack(千斤顶),andquicklyreplacedthetire”可知，Bryan帮助老太太换了轮胎，所以老太太非常感激他能来帮忙。故选D。11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她问应该付多少钱，但Bryan只是告诉她通过帮助有需要的人来回报他。A.recover恢复；B.repay回报；C.reduce减少；D.require要求。根据后文“bysupportingsomeone”可知，Bryan让老太太通过帮助有需要的人来回报他。故选B。12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她问应该付多少钱，但Bryan只是告诉她通过帮助有需要的人来回报他。A.curiosity好奇心；B.balance平衡；C.doubt怀疑；D.need需要。根据前文“sheaskedhowmuchsheshouldpay”以及后文“bysupportingsomeonein”可知，老太太问Bryan应该付多少钱，但Bryan只是告诉她通过帮助有需要的人来回报他。inneed“有需要的”。故选D。13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：被女服务员的善良所感动，她留下了400美元和一张纸条。A.Touched感动；B.Designed设计；C.Written写；D.Created创造。根据后文“bsheleft$400withanotethatread”可知，老太太被女服务员的善良所感动。故选A。14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要让这条爱的链条在你这里结束。A.compare比较；B.share分享；C.end结束；D.fight斗争。根据前文“Sheaskedhowmuchsheshouldpay,butBryansimplytoldherto____11____himbackbysupportingsomconein____12____.”以及后文“withanotethatread,‘Donotletthischainoflove”可知，老太太希望将这份爱心传递下去，不要让这条爱的链条在她这里结束。故选C。15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：深受感动，女服务员回到家，轻声对丈夫说：“一切都会好起来的，Bryan。”A.Slightly轻微地；B.Recently最近；C.Rarely很少；D.Deeply深深地。根据前文“____13____bythewaitress’kindness,sheleft$400withanotethatread,“Donotletthischainoflove____14____withyou.””可知，女服务员被老太太留下的纸条深深感动。故选D。话题2生活与学习Passage1WhenmygranddaughterLilywassevenyearsold,Ispentsometimeteachingheraboutbeinggenerous(慷慨的).Shegotalotofchocolateforherbirthday.Iaskedherifshewouldliketoshareherchocolatewithothers.She1mysuggestiondirectly.Thatwaswhatsetoffmy2toshare,butIwasn’tsureifshewasconvinced(说服).Wethenwentdowntownforshopping.Itookhertoarestaurantafterthat.Shewasa3eater,butItriedtomakeherhaveagoatsomenew4.Duringthemeal,I5amansittingalonenearus.Perhaps6itwasThanksgivingDayorhejustfoundourpairofgrandmaandgranddaughterlovely,themanpaidforourmealuponleaving.Thewaiter7withusifthatwasOK.Wegotso8andmoved.AndthemanleftbeforeIhadtimetoexpressmythankfulness.Afterleavingtherestaurant,IsaidtoLily,“Wedon’treallyneeda9lunch.Sowhydon’twepayourgood10forward?”Sheimmediatelyunderstoodand11lookedforsomeonewhoneededhelp.Suddenly,wesawanoldwomanwho12topayforsomefruits.Lilyranuptoherandgaveherourlunchmoneysmilingly.Thewoman’sfacelitupandshethankedLilyhappily.“Sweetie,that’swhatgenerositygivesyou—a13heart,”ItoldLily.Thenextwholeweek,Lily14somechocolatebeforeschooleverydayandshareditwithherschoolmates.Iamgratefultothe15whogaveusmorethanmuch.1．A．doubted B．refused C．believed D．remembered2．A．determination B．confidence C．ability D．encouragement3．A．messy B．noisy C．picky D．regular4．A．dishes B．tables C．sweets D．gifts5．A．noticed B．recognized C．helped D．examined6．A．unless B．once C．because D．whether7．A．argued B．shared C．considered D．checked8．A．excited B．surprised C．regretful D．awkward9．A．cheap B．delicious C．free D．special10．A．patience B．luck C．attitude D．performance11．A．secretly B．unwillingly C．hurriedly D．carefully12．A．volunteered B．struggled C．promised D．forgot13．A．joyful B．brave C．curious D．peaceful14．A．packed B．mailed C．offered D．enjoyed15．A．receiver B．owner C．waiter D．stranger【答案】1．B2．A3．C4．A5．A6．C7．D8．B9．C10．B11．C12．B13．A14．A15．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者教七岁孙女Lily学会慷慨，在餐厅接受陌生人免单后，祖孙俩传递善意，莉莉此后也常分享巧克力的故事。1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她直接拒绝了我的建议。A.doubted怀疑；B.refused拒绝；C.believed相信；D.

remembered记得。从后文“butIwasn’tsureifshewasconvinced(说服)”可知，她没接受建议，而是拒绝了。故选B项。2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这激发了我推动孙女去分享的决心，但我不确定她是否被说服了。A.determination决心；B.

confidence信心；C.ability能力；D.encouragement鼓励。结合语境，想让孙女学会慷慨，被拒绝后更坚定了要让孙女学会分享的决心。故选A项。3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她是个挑食的孩子，但我试着让她尝尝新菜。A.messy杂乱的；B.noisy吵闹的；C.picky挑剔的；D.regular有规律的。根据后文“but”表转折可知，要让她尝试新食物，说明她平时挑食。故选C项。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是个挑食的孩子，但我试着让她尝尝新菜。A.dishes菜肴；B.tables桌子；C.sweets糖果；D.gifts礼物。结合语境和常识，在餐厅尝试的应是菜肴。故选A项。5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：用餐时，我注意到我们附近有个独自坐着的男人。A.noticed注意到；B.recognized认出；C.helped帮助；D.examined检查。根据后文“AndthemanleftbeforeIhadtimetoexpressmythankfulness”可知，我们彼此并不相识，仅仅是在餐厅“注意到”附近的人。故选A项。6．考查连词词义辨析。句意：也许因为那天是感恩节，或者他只是觉得我们祖孙俩很可爱，这个男人离开时为我们付了餐费。A.unless除非；B.once一旦；C.because因为；D.whether是否。根据后文“themanpaidforourmealuponleaving”可知，空处是在解释男人付餐费的原因，用because引导。故选C项。7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：服务员过来核实这样是否可以。A.argued争论；B.shared分享；C.considered考虑；D.checked核实。结合语境和句意，陌生男人要为我们付餐费，服务员要确认是否可行。故选D项。8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们非常惊讶，然后离开了。A.excited兴奋的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.regretful后悔的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据前文“themanpaidforourmealuponleaving”可知，陌生男人为我们付餐费，这种情况应是让人惊讶。故选B项。9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：离开餐厅后，我对莉莉说：“我们其实不需要一顿免费的午餐。那我们为什么不把这份好运传递下去呢？”A.cheap便宜的；B.delicious美味的；C.free免费的；D.special特别的。根据前文“themanpaidforourmealuponleaving”可知，陌生男人付了餐费，所以午餐是免费的。故选C项。10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：离开餐厅后，我对莉莉说：“我们其实不需要一顿免费的午餐。那我们为什么不把这份好运传递下去呢？”A.patience耐心；B.luck好运；C.attitude态度；D.performance表现。结合语境和常识，陌生人帮忙付餐费是一种好运，传递这种善意就是传递好运。故选B项。11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她立刻明白了，然后急忙去寻找需要帮助的人。A.secretly秘密地；B.unwillingly不情愿地；C.hurriedly匆忙地；D.carefully仔细地。根据前文“Sheimmediatelyunderstood”和语境可知，她立刻明白了，想尽快传递善意，所以匆忙找需要帮助的人。故选C项。12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我们看到一位老妇人在吃力地支付水果费用。A.volunteered自愿；B.struggled吃力地进行；C.promised承诺；D.forgot忘记。根据前文“lookedforsomeonewhoneededhelp”可知，老妇人就是她们在寻找的需要帮助的人，也就是说她支付有困难。故选B项。13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：宝贝，这就是慷慨给予你的——一颗快乐的心。A.joyful快乐的；B.brave勇敢的；C.curious好奇的；D.peaceful平和的。根据前文“Lilyranuptoherandgaveherourlunchmoneysmilingly”可知，Lily帮助别人时笑了，收获了快乐。故选A项。14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的一整周，莉莉每天上学前都会装一些巧克力，然后和同学们分享。A.packed打包；装；B.mailed邮寄；C.offered提供；D.enjoyed享受。根据后文“shareditwithherschoolmates”可知，她把巧克力带去学校分享，那就需要先装好。故选A项。15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很感激那个给予我们很多的陌生人。A.receiver接受者；B.owner所有者；C.waiter服务员；D.stranger陌生人。根据前文“AndthemanleftbeforeIhadtimetoexpressmythankfulness”可知，我们彼此并不相识，餐厅里帮付餐费的是陌生人。故选D项。Passage2WhenIwasateachingassistantatMichiganMedicalSchool,astudentcameintomyofficeandbrokeintotears.Whenshefinally1,Iaskedherwhatwaswrong.Shetoldmethatshehadtobeadoctor,2shehadjustfailedthefirstorganicchemistrytest.Istarted3herandsaidIwouldhelpher.However,itquicklybecame4thatshelackedeventhemostbasic5requiredforthecourse.Iworkedandworkedwithher,butwhenthesecond6camearound,shefailedagain.Istruggledforalongtime.7,Ihadtosay,“Look,haveyou8studyingothercourses?Organicchemistryisreallyhardforyou,and…”Shebrokeinandsaid9,“Ihavetobeadoctor.Don’tyouunderstandthat?”Thensherushedoutofmyoffice.I’vethoughtlongaboutthatincident:Thisyoungladyhad10herselfforyears.Noonehadevertoldherthe11:“Hey,youknow,maybebeingadoctorisn’tsuitableforyou.”Latershe12afewcoursesagainandhadtoleaveMichiganMedicalSchool.Iwonderhowmuchtimeshe13.Maybeshewouldbeaworld-classartistorbankmanagerifshehadn’tinsistedonbecomingadoctor.Butifsomeonehadbeen14withherearlier,shemighthaveavoidedtheterriblesuffering.Honestguidance,thoughhard,istrue15.1．A．brokedown B．gotthrough C．calmeddown D．wentoff2．A．but B．as C．or D．and3．A．greeting B．approaching C．teaching D．comforting4．A．normal B．typical C．obvious D．regular5．A．skills B．patience C．habits D．faith6．A．semester B．test C．mission D．lesson7．A．Eventually B．Recently C．Gradually D．Suddenly8．A．begun B．remembered C．regretted D．considered9．A．slowly B．exactly C．angrily D．gently10．A．admired B．fooled C．inspired D．judged11．A．truth B．dream C．decision D．difference12．A．attended B．failed C．chose D．finished13．A．spared B．planned C．saved D．wasted14．A．honest B．familiar C．satisfied D．strict15．A．intention B．resource C．kindness D．belief【答案】1．C2．A3．D4．C5．A6．B7．A8．D9．C10．B11．A12．B13．D14．A15．C【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在密歇根医学院当助教时，遇到一位一心想成为医生但有机化学考试多次不及格的学生的故事，由此引发了对坦诚引导重要性的思考。1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她终于平静下来时，我问她怎么了。A.brokedown崩溃；B.gotthrough通过；C.calmeddown平静下来；D.wentoff爆炸，离开。根据前文“astudentcameintomyofficeandbrokeintotears”可知，学生一开始大哭，后来应该是平静下来后作者才问她怎么了。故选C项。2．考查连词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我她必须成为一名医生，但她刚刚第一次有机化学考试不及格。A.but但是；B.as因为，当……时；C.or或者；D.and和。根据前文“Shetoldmethatshehadtobeadoctor”和后文“shehadjustfailedthefirstorganicchemistrytest”，前后形成明显的转折关系，她想成为医生，然而考试却不及格。故选A项。3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始安慰她，并说我会帮助她。A.greeting问候；B.approaching接近；C.teaching教；D.comforting安慰。根据前文“astudentcameintomyofficeandbrokeintotears”和后文“saidIwouldhelpher”可知，学生很伤心，所以作者应该是安慰她。故选D项。4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，很快就明显看出她甚至缺乏这门课程所需的最基本技能。A.normal正常的；B.typical典型的；C.obvious明显的；D.regular有规律的。根据后文“Iworkedandworkedwithher,butwhenthesecond6shefailedagain”可知，作者和她一起努力，但她还是没通过考试，说明她缺乏基本技能是很明显的。故选C项。5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，很快就明显看出她甚至缺乏这门课程所需的最基本技能。A.skills技能；B.patience耐心；C.habits习惯；D.faith信念。根据前文“shelacked”和后文“shefailedagain”可推知，在作者的帮助下她仍不及格，说明她缺乏的是课程所需的基本技能。故选A项。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和她一起努力学习，但当第二次考试来临时，她又不及格了。A.semester学期；B.test考试；C.mission任务；D.lesson课程。根据前文“shehadjustfailedthefirstorganicchemistrytest”和后文“shefailedagain”可知，这里说的是第二次考试。故选B项。7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，我不得不说：“看，你考虑过学习其他课程吗？有机化学对你来说真的很难，……”A.Eventually最终；B.Recently最近；C.Gradually逐渐地；D.Suddenly突然。根据前文“Istruggledforalongtime”可知，作者纠结了很久，最终才说出这番话。故选A项。8．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.begun开始；B.remembered记得；C.regretted后悔；D.considered考虑。根据后文“othercourses?”和“Organicchemistryisreallyhardforyou”可知，作者建议学生考虑学习其他课程。故选D项。9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她打断我的话，生气地说：“我必须成为一名医生。你不明白吗？”A.slowly慢慢地；B.exactly确切地；C.angrily生气地；D.gently温柔地。根据前文“Shebrokein”和后文“Don’tyouunderstandthat?”可知，她打断了作者的话并反问作者，说明作者让她放弃有机化学的建议让她生气了。故选C项。10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位年轻女士多年来一直在自欺欺人。A.admired钦佩；B.fooled欺骗；C.inspired激励；D.judged判断。根据后文“Noonehadevertoldherthe11:‘Hey,youknow,maybebeingadoctorisn’tsuitableforyou.’”可知，她一直没有认清自己不适合当医生这个事实，所以一直在自己欺骗自己。故选B项。11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从来没有人告诉她真相：“嘿，你知道，也许当医生不适合你。”A.truth真相；B.dream梦想；C.decision决定；D.difference差异。根据后文“Hey,youknow,maybebeingadoctorisn’tsuitableforyou”可知，这是一直没人告诉她的真相。故选A项。12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来她又有几门课程不及格，不得不离开密歇根医学院。A.attended参加；B.failed不及格；C.chose选择；D.finished完成。根据后文“hadtoleaveMichiganMedicalSchool”可知，她是因为课程不及格才离开学校的。故选B项。13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道她浪费了多少时间。A.spared抽出；B.planned计划；C.saved节省；D.wasted浪费。根据前文“Shetoldmethatshehadtobeadoctor,2shehadjustfailedthefirstorganicchemistrytest”以及“Latershe12afewcoursesagainandhadtoleaveMichiganMedicalSchool”可知，她不适合学医却一直坚持，最后还离开了医学院，可知她浪费了很多时间。故选D项。14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果有人早点对她坦诚相待，她可能就能避免这种可怕的痛苦。A.honest诚实的，坦诚的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.satisfied满意的；D.strict严格的。根据前文“Noonehadevertoldherthe11:‘Hey,youknow,maybebeingadoctorisn’tsuitableforyou.’”，没人告诉她不适合当医生的真相，导致她最后经历痛苦，如果有人早点坦诚相告，她或许能避免。故选A项。15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：坦诚的引导，虽然艰难，但却是真正的善意。A.intention意图；B.resource资源；C.kindness善意；D.belief信念。根据前文“Butifsomeonehadbeen14withherearlier,shemighthaveavoidedtheterriblesuffering”可知，坦诚地告诉学生她不适合当医生，能让她避免痛苦，这是一种善意的行为。故选C项。话题3文化与社会Passage1CharlieJeffers,18,startedplayingwithLegosetsatage4.Eachbirthday,Charliewouldreceivebrand-newLegosets,buttohissadness,manyLegobricksendedupinlandfills(垃圾填埋场)andmanychildrencouldn’t1name-brandtoysbecausetheywerecostly.“Legobringsmealotofjoy,andIwantto2thatpleasuretootherkids,”hesays.Charliedecidedtofinda3tobothproblems.He4postersaroundhisneighborhood,askingpeopletodonatetheir5Legobricks.Aftercleaningthebricksandsortingthembycolorandsize,he6themintoboxedsets.Eachincludedbuildinginstructionsandapictureofthefinished7.CharliedeliveredthesetstoalocalBoysandGirlsClub.Kidstherewere8toreceivethesets.Hebeganmakingregular9totheclub,ensuringeverychildtosharethejoy.Charliealsodevelopedanetworkof10.TheydowhatCharliedoesbutintheirowncommunities.Consequently,PasstheBricks,anonprofitorganizationinMarinCounty,California,wasborn,givingkidsmore11toenjoyLegobricks.PasstheBrickshas12donatedover13,000setstokidsinneedand13nearly7,000poundsofusedbricks,re-purposingtheseterrifictoyswhilekeepingallthatplasticoutoflandfills.AMarinCountynewspaperreportedhisstory.Throughsocialmediaandwordofmouth,theproject14acrosstheBayArea.CharliefeltproudtoseeasmallLegobrickmakingabig15.1．A．apply B．afford C．leave D．borrow2．A．teach B．explain C．change D．spread3．A．solution B．reason C．similarity D．characteristic4．A．setup B．tookup C．putup D．madeup5．A．unlocked B．unfamiliar C．unwanted D．unknown6．A．packaged B．divided C．turned D．broke7．A．painting B．creation C．homework D．research8．A．annoyed B．frightened C．confused D．thrilled9．A．discoveries B．deliveries C．decisions D．discussions10．A．volunteers B．cleaners C．engineers D．designers11．A．challenges B．opportunities C．proposals D．strengths12．A．mainly B．usually C．totally D．hardly13．A．collected B．protected C．created D．buried14．A．destroyed B．brought C．attracted D．expanded15．A．promise B．trouble C．difference D．family【答案】1．B2．D3．A4．C5．C6．A7．B8．D9．B10．A11．B12．C13．A14．D15．C【难度】0.85【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了CharlieJeffers通过收集乐高积木并捐赠给贫困儿童，传递快乐的故事。1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个生日，Charlie都会收到全新的乐高玩具，但令他伤心的是，许多乐高积木最终被扔进了垃圾填埋场，而且许多孩子因为价格昂贵而买不起名牌玩具。A.apply申请；B.afford买得起；C.leave离开；D.borrow借。根据后文“becausetheywerecostly”可知，许多孩子因为价格昂贵而买不起名牌玩具。故选B。2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“乐高给我带来了很多快乐，我想把这种快乐传递给其他孩子。”A.teach教学；B.explain解释；C.change改变；D.spread传播。根据后文“thatpleasuretootherkids”可知，CharlieJeffers想把乐高给他带来的快乐“传递”给其他孩子。故选D。3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Charlie决定找到解决这两个问题的方法。A.solution解决方案，解决方法；B.reason理由；C.similarity相似性；D.characteristic特征。根据后文“tobothproblems”可知，CharlieJeffers想找到解决这两个问题的方法。故选A。4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他在附近张贴海报，呼吁人们捐赠他们不需要的乐高积木。A.setup建立；B.tookup从事；C.putup张贴；D.madeup编造。根据后文“postersaroundhisneighborhood,askingpeopletodonate”可知，为了呼吁人们捐赠，Charlie张贴海报。故选C。5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在附近张贴海报，呼吁人们捐赠他们不需要的乐高积木。A.unlocked未锁的；B.unfamiliar不熟悉的；C.unwanted不需要的；D.unknown未知的。根据上文“askingpeopletodonatetheir”和下文“Legobricks”可知，Charlie呼吁人们捐赠他们不需要的乐高积木。故选C。6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在清洗积木并按颜色和大小分类后，他把它们包装成盒装积木。A.packaged包装；B.divided分开；C.turned转弯；D.broke打破。根据后文“themintoboxedsets”可知，Charlie把积木包装成盒装积木。故选A。7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个套装都包括搭建说明和作品的图片。A.painting绘画；B.creation创作，作品；C.homework家庭作业；D.research研究。根据上文“Eachincludedbuildinginstructionsandapictureofthefinished”可知，这里指乐高积木搭建完成后的“作品”。故选B。8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那里的孩子们收到这些积木时都很兴奋。A.annoyed恼怒的；B.frightened害怕的；C.confused困惑的；D.thrilled激动的。根据下文“toreceivethesets”可知，孩子们收到这些积木时都很兴奋。故选D。9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他开始定期向俱乐部送货，确保每个孩子都能分享这份快乐。A.discoveries发现；B.deliveries递送；C.decisions决定；D.discussions讨论。根据后文“totheclub,ensuringeverychildtosharethejoy”可知，为确保每个孩子都能分享这份快乐，他开始定期“递送”乐高套装。故选B。10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Charlie还发展了一个志愿者网络。A.volunteers志愿者；B.cleaners清洁工；C.engineers工程师；D.designers设计师。根据后文“TheydowhatCharliedoesbutintheirowncommunities”可知，这些人在自己的社区做和Charlie一样的事，即无偿帮助他人，所以是“志愿者”网络。故选A。11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，加州马林县的非营利组织“传递积木”诞生了，为孩子们提供了更多享受乐高积木的机会。A.challenges挑战；B.opportunities机会；C.proposals建议；D.strengths力量。根据后文“toenjoyLegobricks”可知，这个组织成立后，能让孩子们有更多“机会”玩到乐高积木。故选B。12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“传递积木”已经总共向有需要的孩子们捐赠了超过13000套积木，并收集了近7000磅的二手积木，重新利用这些很棒的玩具，同时让所有塑料远离垃圾填埋场。A.mainly主要地；B.usually通常；C.totally总共；D.hardly几乎不。根据后文“donatedover13,000setstokidsinneed”可知，这里表示捐赠的总数超过13000套积木。故选C。13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“传递积木”已经总共向有需要的孩子们捐赠了超过13000套积木，并收集了近7000磅的二手积木，重新利用这些很棒的玩具，同时让所有塑料远离垃圾填埋场。A.collected收集；B.protected保护；C.created创造；D.buried埋葬。根据后文“nearly7,000poundsofusedbricks”可知，这里指收集的二手积木。故选A。14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过社交媒体和口口相传，这个项目在湾区得到了扩展。A.destroyed破坏；B.brought带来；C.attracted吸引；D.expanded扩大。根据后文“acrosstheBayArea”可知，项目是在湾区“扩展”。故选D。15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Charlie看到一个小小的乐高积木能产生如此大的影响，感到很自豪。A.promise承诺；B.trouble麻烦；C.difference差异；D.family家庭。根据上文“re-purposingtheseterrifictoyswhilekeepingallthatplasticoutoflandfills”和“CharliefeltproudtoseeasmallLegobrickmakingabig”可知，一个小小的乐高积木能产生如此大的影响，makeadifference表示“有影响”。故选C。Passage2OneFriday,wewerehavingaclasswhenMrs.Hillsaidthatsheneededtobeoutforafewminutes.Sheaskedustoreadin1.Andshesaidthosewhodidn’tobeytherulewouldhavetobepunished.Itwaswell-knownthatMrs.Hillwas2.Sowehadtobeonourbestbehaviour.ButMrs.Hillhadn’tbeengoneforsecondsbeforesomestudentsstartedtotalk.Quickly,abouthalfofthestudents3witheachother.Afterawhile,I,too,4aboutMrs.Hill’srequirement.IaskedmyfriendLiza.“CanIborrowyourstorybook?”Justthen,Mrs.Hillwalkedin.Thewholeclassreturnedtosilenceatonce.Mrs.Hillsaid,“Ifyouweretalking,thenstandup.”The5suddenlyweighedheavilyonme.SoIbuiltupmycouragetostandup.I6myhead,aloneandfearful,worriedaboutthe7waitingforme.8,Mrs.Hillaskedmeinasoftvoice,“Whydidyoudaretostandup?”IsaidIshouldadmit(承认)myfault.Quiteamazedbymyanswer,Mrs.Hill9me.Thensheturnedtotheclassandexplainedthevalueof10.WithMrs.Hill’s11,anotherstudentstoodup.Thenmorestudents12untilabouthalfofthestudentsstoodup.Seeingit,Mrs.Hillapplauded(赞赏)usforour13andsaid,“remember,everyoneshouldbe