三年（2023-2025）武汉中考英语真题分类汇编：专题05 阅读理解之说明文（解析版）

专题05阅读理解之说明文

考点01中考真题分类汇编

（一）

（2025·湖北武汉·中考真题）Doyouknowthefivemainsenseswehave?Theyaretouch,taste,sight,smell

andhearing.Theyarecontrolledbydifferentpartsofourbrains.Sowecallthebrainourbuilt-in“BeiDou”.Brains

helpourbodiesworksmoothly.Trythis:closeyoureyesandtouchyournose.It’seasy,right?That’sbecauseour

brainscanreceivemessagesaboutwhereourbodypartsare.Wecanalsostandononelegwithoutfallingdown.If

weloseourbalance,ourbrainswillgiveusorderstofixit.

★.Testsshowthatpeopleseespiderpicturesfasterthanflowers.Someresearchersalsofoundthatpeople

react(作出反应)toloudnoisesfasterthantoafriend’svoice.Scientistsaren’tcompletelysureaboutthereasons.

Somesuggestthatthisskillmightcomefromancienttimes.Ourancestorswereoftenfacedwithpredators.Sothey

hadtoprotectthemselvesfromdangerousanimalslikespidersandtigers,ortheywouldlosetheirlives.Untiltoday,

westilljumpatsuddennoisesorshadows(影子)indarkrooms.

Hereismoreaboutbrains.Canyouimagineseeingcolorswhenyouhearmusic,ortastingcandywhenyou

seethesunshine?It’scalledsensemixing.Scientiststhinkthishappenswhendifferentsensesintermingle(相互交

织).Anotherfactisthattemperaturesometimesinfluencesoursenses.Somepeoplecanfeelstormscomingthrough

kneepain.Soweoftenjokethatwe’re“humanweatherapps”.Also,ourbrainsareabletomakeadjustment(调整)

tosomesenses.Ifsomeonecan’tseewell,hishearingortouchmightbecomestronger.

Thoughscientistshavedonemuchresearchonthebrain,there’sstillalottodo.Haveyoueverwondered

whysomepeoplearebetteratsports?What’sthesecrettoimprovingmemory?Thenit’stimeforyoutostartyour

discoveringjourney.

1．Whatdothetwoexamplesinthefirstparagraphshow?

A．Brainshelpourbodiesworkwell.B．Humanbrainsaredifferent.

C．Humanscantouchtheirnoseseasily.D．Peoplehavemanylivinghabits.

2．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin★?

A．It’sfuntostudyourancestors’lifeB．It’seasytolearnaboutsenses

C．AnimalshelppeopleinmanywaysD．Brainsarealsolife-savingheroes

3．Whichanimalinthefollowingpicturesisprobablya“predator”?

A．B．C．D．

4．Accordingtoparagraph3,whatmighthappenifyoursensesmix?

A．Youcantieyourshoeswithoutlooking.B．Youtastesweetnesswhenseeinganapple.

C．Youjumpwhensomeoneshoutssuddenly.D．Youfeelpaininyourkneesbeforetheraincomes.

5．Whatisthewritingpurposeofthelastparagraph?

A．Toimprovepeople’smemory.B．Toencouragebrainstudies.

C．Toshowthevalueofourbrains.D．Toadmirescientists’efforts.

【答案】1．A2．D3．A4．B5．B

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人类大脑的多种功能及其对感官的调控作用。

1．细节理解题。根据“Brainshelpourbodiesworksmoothly.Trythis:closeyoureyesandtouchyournose.It’s

easy,right?That’sbecauseourbrainscanreceivemessagesaboutwhereourbodypartsare.Wecanalsostandon

onelegwithoutfallingdown.Ifweloseourbalance,ourbrainswillgiveusorderstofixit.”可知，第一段中的两

个例子表明大脑帮助我们的身体正常工作。故选A。

2．推理判断题。根据“Testsshowthatpeopleseespiderpicturesfasterthanflowers.Someresearchersalsofound

thatpeoplereacttoloudnoisesfasterthantoafriend’svoice.Scientistsaren’tcompletelysureaboutthereasons.

Somesuggestthatthisskillmightcomefromancienttimes.Ourancestorswereoftenfacedwithpredators.Sothey

hadtoprotectthemselvesfromdangerousanimalslikespidersandtigers,ortheywouldlosetheirlives.”可知，此

段主要讲大脑在面对危险时能快速做出反应，保护我们的生命，所以选项D“大脑也是救命英雄”可以放在★

处，作为此段的主题句。故选D。

3．词句猜测题。根据“Somesuggestthatthisskillmightcomefromancienttimes.Ourancestorswereoftenfaced

withpredators.Sotheyhadtoprotectthemselvesfromdangerousanimalslikespidersandtigers,ortheywould

losetheirlives.”可知，祖先常常面临捕食者，所以他们必须保护自己免受蜘蛛和老虎等危险动物的伤害，否

则就会丧命。由此可推测出，捕食者指的是危险动物，会捕食其他动物。选项A老虎符合题意。故选A。

4．细节理解题。根据“Canyouimagineseeingcolorswhenyouhearmusic,ortastingcandywhenyouseethe

sunshine?It’scalledsensemixing.”可知，感官混合是指当你听到音乐时能看到颜色，或者当你看到阳光时能

尝到糖果的味道。因此，如果你的感官混合了，你可能会在看到苹果时尝到甜味。故选B。

5．主旨大意题。根据“Thoughscientistshavedonemuchresearchonthebrain,there’sstillalottodo.Haveyou

everwonderedwhysomepeoplearebetteratsports?What’sthesecrettoimprovingmemory?Thenit’stimefor

youtostartyourdiscoveringjourney.”可知，最后一段的写作目的是鼓励读者继续探索大脑的奥秘，进行大脑

研究。故选B。

（二）

（2024·湖北武汉·中考真题）Youmayhaveahouserobotthatcandohouseworkforyou.Butisitsosmart?

MeetLaura,arobotintheNationalLibraryinMadrid,Spain,copyingouttheoldbooksandwritingsinits

collection.SeeAurora,aheadlessdog-sizedrobotusedtokeepbirdsandotheranimalsawayatanAlaskanairport.

Watchanother1.8meter-tallleglessrobotcalledEveR6,wavingitsarmstoguidemusiciansthrougha

performance.

Thoserobotsaboverequireartificialintelligence(AI)(人工智能).AIisacomputersystem(系统)thatcan

understandlanguages,makedecisionsandsolveproblems.AIcanbetaughtskillsusingaprocesscalledmachine

learning.HumansgiveAIinformationsuchasbooks,photosorvideostotrainit.Themoreinformationitstudies,

thebetteritcandoitsjob.

________.Forexample,whenyouwatchTV,AIiswatchingyou.It’llknowwhatyourfavoriteisand

suggestsimilarones.Inhospitals,AIisverygoodatsuggestingtreatmentsandcaneveninventnewmedicines.To

cutdownfoodwaste,someschoolsintroduceonlinesystemsforthestudentstochoosemealsaheadoftime.In

cities,AIisusedtowatchoutforcarsthatmakeblacksmoke.Itworkstogetherwiththepoliceandtransportation

teamstostopthemandkeeptheairclean.AIcanhelpusfightclimate(气候)changebyfindingcleverwaysto

reduceenergyuse.

SomepeopleworrythatAIwilltakeawayalargenumberofjobsandalsofearthatAIcoulddevelopoutof

ourcontrolandbringdangertohumans.However,AIisexpectedtobeamorepowerfulproductiontoolthatwill

helphumansachievemoreinlesstime.Itisbelievedthattheflyingcarwillbemadetoofferaneasierwayoutof

themorningtrafficjam(交通堵塞).HumansimagineAImightevenfindawaytosolvetheproblemsofour

energyneedscompletely.Anyway,thereisstillalongjourneyforhumansandAI.

1．InwhichpicturescanweseeAuroraandEveR1?

A．a,cB．b,dC．b,cD．a,d

2．WhatBIGquestiondoesparagraph2answer?

A．WhatisAI?B．WhyareAIrobotsmade?

C．WhereisAIused?D．HowmanyAIrobotsarementioned?

3．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin________?

A．AIwillbedevelopedrapidlyB．HumansdependtoomuchonAI

C．HumanswonderifAIcouldthinkD．AIhasbecomepartofdailylife

4．Inthefuture,AIisexpectedtobeableto________.

A．suggestTVprogramsB．cutdownfoodwaste

C．inventnewmedicinesD．helpproduceenoughenergy

5．Whatwouldtheauthorwriteaboutafterthelastparagraph?

A．TheendofAI.B．ThehistoryofAI.

C．ThewaytogetalongwithAI.D．TheskillofmakingAIrobots.

【答案】1．B2．A3．D4．D5．C

【解析】本文主要介绍人工智能的优缺点。

1．细节理解题。根据“SeeAurora,aheadlessdog-sizedrobotusedtokeepbirdsandotheranimalsawayatan

Alaskanairport.Watchanother1.8meter-tallleglessrobotcalledEveR1,wavingitsarmstoguidemusicians

throughaperformance.”可知，Aurora是一个无头狗大小的机器人，在阿拉斯加机场用来驱赶鸟类和其他动物；

EveR1挥舞着手臂引导音乐家完成表演。故选B。

2．段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，主要介绍人工智能是什么以及学习方式。故选A。

3．推理判断题。根据后面举例内容可知，主要介绍人工智能应用在什么领域，选项D“人工智能已经成为

日常生活的一部分”符合语境，故选D。

4．细节理解题。根据“HumansimagineAImightevenfindawaytosolvetheproblemsofourenergyneeds

completely.”可知，人类想象人工智能甚至可以找到一种完全解决我们能源需求问题的方法。所以未来人工

智能有望帮助生产足够的能源。故选D。

5．推理判断题。最后一段讲述人工智能的问题和未来可能的发展，所以接下来可能会谈论与人工智能相处

的方式，故选C。

（三）（2023·湖北武汉·中考真题）

WhenthefamousscientistAlbertEinsteinwas16yearsold,heimaginedhimselfridingalongsideabeam

(束)oflight.Heusedthispictureinmindtohelphimwhenworkingoutthe“theoryofrelativity(相对论)”.

“Imaginationismoreimportantthanknowledge,”saidEinstein.

Daydreaming,called“thoughtexperiments”byEinstein,canmakeyouhavewildimaginings,likeflying

aroundinspace.Itletsyourmindwalkslowlyaroundideas,memoriesandexperiencesthataren’thappeningright

now.Itmeansthinkingaheadtoaholidayorrememberinghowmuchyouenjoyedabirthdayparty.Accordingto

China’shealthauthorities(权威机构),daydreamingforawhileeachdaycanimproveyourhealthandcreativity.

Disappearingintoadaydreamletsyourmindescapewhenthingsaredifficult.Ithelpsyoudealwithworries

andfears.Forexample,imagininghowyou’regoingtospeakupinclassislikepracticingthesceneinyourhead,

whichcanmakeyoufeelcalmer.Daydreamingalsoinspirescreativityandletsyoufindnewworldswherethereare

nolimits(限制)towhatyoucandoorwhoyouare.GuoQiang,anexpertinthoughtsandfeelings,thinkswe

shouldallmaketimetodaydream.“Thinkingforpleasurecanbeapowerfultooltoshapeourfeelings,”hesaid.

However,trynottoletyourmindbeabsentwhenyouneedtofocus(聚焦)inclassorcrosstheroad.Instead,

findatimewhenyoudon’thavetofocusonanything,likegoingforawalkorbrushingyourteeth.Guosuggests

youcanstartbyfocusingonahappymemoryorimaginingafuturesuccess,likescoringagoalintheWorldCup.

Toencouragecreativity,thinkaboutinterestingideasandseewhereyourmindtakesyou.Researchshows

thatpeopleoftencomeupwithmoresolutionstoproblemsafterthey’vetakenabreak.Sonexttimeyou’restuck

withhomework,stopforamomentandseewhereyourdaydreamstakeyou.

1．Whichwritingskillisusedinparagraph1?

A．Givinganexample.B．Raisingaquestion.C．Listingnumbers.D．Comparingfacts.

2．Daydreamingcanmakepeople_________.

A．flyaroundB．walkslowlyC．thinkfreelyD．beabsent-minded

3．GuoQiangfirstsuggests_________.

A．escapingfromthehardtimeB．lookingfornewworlds

C．findingtimetoimagineD．focusingonsuccess

4．Whatismentionedinparagraph4?

A．Thestepstodaydream.B．Thethingstodaydreamof.

C．Thereasonsfordaydreaming.D．Themeaningsofdaydreaming.

5．Daydreamingistalkedabout_________.

A．toremindpeopletohaveamindbreakB．tosuggestlivingatthemoment

C．tofindsolutionstohomeworkproblemsD．toshowascienceresearchresult

【答案】1．A2．C3．C4．B5．A

【解析】本文主要介绍了白日梦的好处，并提醒人们要让大脑休息一下。

1．推理判断题。根据“WhenthefamousscientistAlbertEinsteinwas16yearsold...”可知开头通过爱因斯坦的

例子引出了本文的话题。故选A。

2．细节理解题。根据“canmakeyouhavewildimaginings,likeflyingaroundinspace”可知白日梦可以让你产

生天马行空的想象，自由地思考。故选C。

3．细节理解题。根据“thinksweshouldallmaketimetodaydream”可知他建议要找点时间去做白日梦。故选C。

4．细节理解题。根据“Guosuggestsyoucanstartbyfocusingonahappymemoryorimaginingafuturesuccess,

likescoringagoalintheWorldCup”可知此处提到了可以白日做梦的事情。故选B。

5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了白日梦的好处，并提醒人们要让大脑休息一下。故选A。

（四）

（2023·湖北武汉·中考真题）BertwonanationalprizecalledYoungHeroesforhis“green”project.This

public-spiritedyoungpersonwasnowauniversitystudent.Hisloveforinsectsgrewdeeperandhewasprotecting

themforthefuture.

_________.Whenhewasaround4or5,healwayslovedtowatchdifferentinsects,especiallybeautiful

swallowtails(凤蝶).Oneinterestingfacthelearnedaboutswallowtailswasthattheirbrightcolorswarnedhungry

animalsthattheytastedbad.Anditwasalsofuntowatchhowtheycameintobeing.Butthereasonhereallyfellin

lovewiththemwasthattheywereveryaccessible.Forexample,ifyouwantedtoattract(吸引)swallowtails,you

plantedsomezinnias,akindofbrightflowers.

Bertstartedazinniagardenathishouse,whereheraisedalargenumberofswallowtailsovertheyears.With

theworld’sswallowtailpopulationfalling,Bertwantedpeopletorealizethatifinsectslikeswallowtails

disappeared,sowouldalltheothersabovethemonthefoodchain.Tomakethefactclearandeasytounderstand

forotherstudents,healsocreatedazinniagardenathisjuniorhighschool.

PartofthejoyforBertwaswatchingtheyoungerstudentsgetexcitedwhenrunningafterswallowtails.

“Wheneveraswallowtaillandsonthem,theyoungstudentswillsoonfallinlovewiththesecuteinsects.They

developanewappreciationforthem,”hesaid.

Bertputhiseffortsintotheenvironmentaleducationalprojectandmadeittakeflight.

1．AfterBertwashonoredwithYoungHeroes,_________.

A．heoftengavespeechesinpublicB．hesetuphis“green”project

C．hebecameinterestedinswallowtailsD．hewentonprotectinginsects

2．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin_________?

A．BertsavedmanyswallowtailsB．Berthadadullchildhood

C．BertfoundhisloveearlyinlifeD．Bertmadeaharddecision

3．Theunderlinedword“accessible”inparagraph2means“_________”.

A．dangeroustofeedB．easytogetcloseto

C．hardtoraiseD．safetoreach

4．ThemainreasonforBerttocreateazinniagardenatschoolwas_________.

A．towatchstudentshavefunB．tomakehisschoolmorebeautiful

C．tostopswallowtailsfromdisappearingD．tohelpkidslearnaboutswallowtails

5．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．ABrightFlowerB．AFlyingProjectC．AGreenGardenD．AWarningAction

【答案】1．D2．C3．B4．D5．B

【解析】本文主要讲述了因为“绿色”项目而获得“青年英雄”奖项的男孩Bert热爱昆虫并保护它们的故事。

1．细节理解题。根据“BertwonanationalprizecalledYoungHeroesforhis‘green’project…Hisloveforinsects

grewdeeperandhewasprotectingthemforthefuture”可知，获奖之后继续保护昆虫，故选D。

2．推理判断题。根据“Whenhewasaround4or5,healwayslovedtowatchdifferentinsects”可知，此处应介绍

他从什么时候开始喜欢观察昆虫，C选项符合，故选C。

3．词义猜测题。根据“Butthereasonhereallyfellinlovewiththemwasthattheywereveryaccessible”及“For

example,ifyouwantedtoattract(吸引)swallowtails,youplantedsomezinnias,akindofbrightflowers”可知，如

果你想吸引凤蝶，你就种一些百日菊，也就是凤蝶很容易接近，所以划线单词与easytogetcloseto同义，

故选B。

4．细节理解题。根据“Tomakethefactclearandeasytounderstandforotherstudents,healsocreatedazinnia

gardenathisjuniorhighschool”可知，是为了帮助孩子了解凤蝶，故选D。

5．最佳标题题。根据“Bertputhiseffortsintotheenvironmentaleducationalprojectandmadeittakeflight.”及全

文介绍可知，本文主要讲述了Bert热爱昆虫并保护它们的故事，所以B选项“AFlyingProject”符合本文标

题，故选B。

考点022025年中考模拟

（一）

（2025·湖北武汉江汉·三模）Haveyouevermadeadecisionbutstillfeltunsure?Maybeyouwrotea

messagebutpaused(停顿)beforesendingit,orchoseclothesbutkeptchangingyourmind.Inaworldthatvalues

quickactions,hesitation(犹豫)isoftenseenasaweakness.Butwhatifitisactuallyawiseguide?

Ourmindsandbodiesworktogether.Whenwehesitate,itmightbeasignthatweneedtopayattentionto

somethingimportant.Imaginestandinginfrontofadoorbutnotwantingtoopenit.Yourbodycouldbetellingyou

aboutpossibledangersyourmindhasn’tfullynoticed.Thishesitationisn’talwaysfear—itmightmeanweneed

moretimeorinformationtomakeabetterchoice.

Hesitationcanalsocomefromourintuition(直觉).Ithelpsusknowwhatistrulyright.Forexample,ifyou

feelnervousaboutjoiningacompetitionevenwhenyouarefullyprepared,askyourself:Isthisfearfrompast

failures,orisyourintuitionwarningyouaboutrealdanger?______.Pretendyouhavealreadychosentojoinand

noticehowyourbodyreacts(反应)—Doesitfeellightandcalm,orheavyandworried?

Here’showtousehesitationwisely:First,slowdown.Ifadecisionfeelstoobig,sleeponitandthinkagain

thenextday.Second,talktofriendsyoutrustorwritedownyourthoughts.Theiradviceoryourownwordsmight

showhiddenworriesornewideas.Third,rememberthathesitationisnotfailure.Itisatooltocollectmissingparts

ofthestorybeforetakingaction.

Intheend,hesitationteachesustolisten—notjusttoourthoughts,buttoourwholeself.Nexttimeyou

pause,ask:Whatismybodyorintuitiontryingtosay?Theanswermighthelpyoumakewiserchoices.

1．Whymightwehesitatebeforeenteringaroomaccordingtothepassage?

A．Becausethebodysensespossibleuneasiness.B．Becausethedooristooheavytoopen.

C．Becausewewanttogetinquickly.D．Becauseweneedotherstohelpus.

2．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin________?

A．Tocalmdown,listentomusic.B．Tofindout,trythissimpletest.

C．Ifyoudon’tthinkso,justdoit.D．Ifyoudon’tknow,askafriend.

3．Whatdoes“sleeponit”meaninParagraph4?

A．Changedecisions.B．Makequickchoices.

C．Reconsiderafterrest.D．Forgettheproblem.

4．Whatdoestheauthorthinkof“hesitation”?

A．Itleadstofailure.B．Itisatoolforbetterdecisions.

C．Itshowspersonalweakness.D．Itwastesvaluabletime.

5．Whichwouldbethebestthemepictureofthepassage?

A．B．C．D．

【答案】1．A2．B3．C4．B5．B

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了犹豫这一行为，指出在快节奏的社会中，犹豫常被视为弱点，

但实际上它可能是智慧的指引。

1．细节理解题。根据“Whenwehesitate,itmightbeasignthatweneedtopayattentiontosomethingimportant.

Imaginestandinginfrontofadoorbutnotwantingtoopenit.Yourbodycouldbetellingyouaboutpossible

dangersyourmindhasn’tfullynoticed.”可知，我们在进入房间前犹豫可能是因为身体感觉到了可能的不安。

故选A。

2．推理判断题。根据“ifyoufeelnervousaboutjoiningacompetitionevenwhenyouarefullyprepared,ask

yourself:Isthisfearfrompastfailures,orisyourintuitionwarningyouaboutrealdanger?”和“Pretendyouhave

alreadychosentojoinandnoticehowyourbodyreacts(反应)—Doesitfeellightandcalm,orheavyand

worried?”可知，此处是建议通过一个简单的测试来找出答案。选项B“为了找出答案，试试这个简单的测试。”

符合语境。故选B。

3．词句猜测题。根据“Ifadecisionfeelstoobig,sleeponitandthinkagainthenextday.”可知，如果一个决定感

觉太大，那么可以“sleeponit”，第二天再重新考虑。由此可以推断，“sleeponit”的意思是“休息后再重新考

虑”。故选C。

4．观点态度题。根据“Itisatooltocollectmissingpartsofthestorybeforetakingaction.”可知，作者认为犹豫

是做出更好决定的工具。故选B。

5．主旨大意题。文章主要探讨了犹豫的积极作用，并提供了如何明智地利用犹豫的建议。B项体现“犹豫”

的主题，故选B。

（二）

（2025·湖北武汉新洲·二模）HaveyoufoundithardtogetoutofbedforschoolonMondaymornings?

Nowadays,manystudentshavehadthisexperience,sonotgettingenoughsleepamongteenagershascomeinto

focus.

Betweenhomework,after-schoolactivitiesandtemptation(诱惑)touseelectronicdevices,manyteenagers

sufferfromnotgettingenoughsleep.InChina,about50%ofyoungpeoplebornafter2000gotobedbefore

midnight.IntheUS,77.3percentofhighschoolstudentsdonotgetenoughsleep.Thusit’snowondermany

studentsfeelsleepyduringtheday.

Infact,qualitysleepisimportantforeveryone,especiallyforteenagers.Theyneednineto10hoursofsleep

eachday—morethanadults.Thisisbecausedeepmental,physical,socialandemotionaldevelopmenthappensin

one’steens.

Forstudents,sleepplaysakeyroleinschoolperformance.Ithelpswithlearningbyimprovingattention,

memoryandthinkingskills.★.Astudyinthelate20thcenturycomparedcreativeperformancebetweenpeople

whodidn’tgetenoughsleepandthosewhosleptnormally.Thefirstgroupscoredloweronthetestsofcreative

thinking.Theyrepeatedthesamemistakesandcouldnotthinkupnewideas.

Morerecently,in2023,aresearchteamdiscoveredthat“sleeponset”,aspecialstageofsleep,isgoodfor

creativity.Thisstagehappenswhenwearebetweenbeingawakeandasleep.Whenpeopleareencouragedtodream

aboutacertaintopicduringsleeponset,theyperformmorecreativelythanatanyothertime.

Howimportantitisforstudentstogetenoughsleep!Anewreportshowsthat54.7%ofpeoplewhoofteneat

lateatnightand65.4%ofpeoplewhoareusedtosmokinghavetroublesleeping.What’smore,85.5%ofpeople

whoseldomusetheirphonesbeforebedsleepwell,comparedto73.9%ofthosewhousethemoften.Sokeepgood

habits!

1．What’sthemainideaofparagraph2?

A．Whatstudentsdoafterschool.B．Howmanystudentsdon’tgetenoughsleep.

C．Howstudentsgetenoughsleep.D．Whystudents’sleepproblemscomeintofocus.

2．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin★?

A．SchoolperformanceisveryimportantB．Andsleepalsosupportsteens’creativity

C．AlltheseskillscanbegotthroughpracticeD．Anexampleshowshowtoimproveattention

3．Whendoes“sleeponset”happen?

A．Whenpeoplearedreaming.B．Fromwakinguptogettingup.

C．Whenpeopleareindeepsleep.D．Betweenbeingawakeandasleep.

4．What’sthegoodhabitforqualitysleep?

A．Ofteneatinglateatnight.B．Beingusedtosmoking.

C．Seldomusingphonesbeforebed.D．LyinginbedwatchingTV.

5．Whichwouldbethebesttheme(主题)pictureofthepassage?

A．B．C．D．

【答案】1．D2．B3．D4．C5．A

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述青少年睡眠不足的现状、睡眠对青少年的重要性（包括对学业表现、

创造力的影响）以及良好睡眠习惯相关内容。

1．主旨大意题。根据“Betweenhomework,after-schoolactivities...duringtheday.”可知，第二段通过阐述作业、

课外活动等因素及中美青少年睡眠数据，说明学生睡眠问题受关注的原因。故选D。

2．推理判断题。根据“Ithelpswithlearning...andthinkingskills.”及“Aparedcreative

performance...whosleptnormally.”可知，此处应衔接睡眠与创造力的关系，“Andsleepalsosupportsteens’

creativity”符合逻辑。故选B。

3．细节理解题。根据“‘sleeponset’,aspecial...awakeandasleep.”可知，“sleeponset”发生在清醒和睡眠之间。

故选D。

4．细节理解题。根据“What’smore,85.5%of...bedsleepwell,”可知，睡前很少使用手机是优质睡眠的好习惯。

故选C。

5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕青少年睡眠展开，A图呈现睡眠场景，契合文章主题。故选A。

（三）

（2025·湖北武汉洪山·三模）Areyougoingthroughpuberty(青春期)?Youmighthavestartedpuberty

earlierthanyourparentsdid.

Pubertybeginswhenyourbodytellsyourbraintoproducecertainhormones(激素).Duringpuberty,

teenagersgrowquickly.

Studiesshowthatpubertyishappeningearlier.TakegirlsintheUSforexample.Theyaregettingtheir

periodsaboutsixmonthsearlierthantheydidafewdecadesago,accordingtoastudypublishedintheJournalof

theAmericanMedicalAssociation.Theaverageageusedtobe12.5yearsold.Butnowit’sjustunder12.

Manythingscancauseearlypuberty.Obesity(肥胖)isoneofthekeyreasons,accordingtoSoumya

AdhikariwhoworksatChildren’sHealthinDallas,US.Somechemicalsincareproductsandfood,aswellas

stress,mayalsobethereasons.

_________Itcanincreasetheriskofhealthproblemslikeheartdiseaseaswellasshorteradultheight.

Mentally,teenagerswhostartpubertyearliermightfeelscaredorangry.Theymightbetreateddifferentlybecause

theylookolderordifferent,whichcanmakethemdoubtthemselves,saidAvivaSopher,adoctoratachildren’s

hospitalinNewYork,US.

“Theproblemoftenhitsgirlsharder,”YeZihuafromtheUniversityofIllinoisUrbana-ChampaignintheUS

toldGermannewspaperDieWelt.“Thisisbecausetheypaymoreattentiontotheirbodies,whichcanputgreater

socialpressureonthemtoactinamore‘adult’way,”saidYe.

AccordingtoNationalPublicRadio¹,topreventearlypuberty,teenagersshoulddevelopsomegoodhabits.

1.NationalPublicRadio:美国国家公共广播电台(简称NPR).是美国最大的公共广播电台。

1．WhatBIGquestiondoesparagraph3answer?

A．Howdoesearlypubertyinfluenceteenagers?B．Whatdostudiesfindaboutpuberty?

C．Whydoespubertyhappenearlier?D．Whatisearlypuberty?

2．Whichpictureshowsthemainreasonforearlypubertyaccordingtothepassage?

A．B．C．D．

3．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin________?

A．Earlypubertyhasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.

B．Teenagersaretakingactionstodealwithearlypuberty.

C．Earlypubertycanhelpteenagersgetconfidence.

D．Earlypubertymightcausesomeproblems.

4．AccordingtoYeZihua,earlypubertyoftenhitsgirlsharderbecause________.

A．girlspaylessattentiontotheirbodies.B．girlshaveweakerphysicalhealth.

C．girlsfacemorepressurefromthepublicD．girlsoftendoubtthemselves.

5．Whatwouldtheauthorwriteaboutafterthelastparagraph?

A．ThemedicalwaytotreatearlypubertyB．Thehabitsteenagersneedtopickup

C．Thefuturedevelopmentofpuberty.D．Thehistoryofearlypuberty.

【答案】1．B2．A3．D4．C5．B

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了青春期提前的现象及其原因、影响以及应对措施。文章通过研究数据

和专家观点，探讨了青春期提前对青少年的身心健康的影响，并提出了预防建议。

1．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Studiesshowthatpubertyishappeningearlier.TakegirlsintheUSfor

example...”可知，第三段主要讲述了研究关于青春期提前的发现，即青春期提前的现象。故选B。

2．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Manythingscancauseearlypuberty.Obesity(肥胖)isoneofthekey

reasons...”可知，肥胖是青春期提前的主要原因之一。故选A。

3．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Itcanincreasetheriskofhealthproblemslikeheartdiseaseaswellasshorter

adultheight.Mentally,teenagerswhostartpubertyearliermightfeelscaredorangry...”可知，此段主要讲述了青

春期提前可能带来的一些问题，包括健康问题和心理问题。故选D。

4．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“‘Theproblemoftenhitsgirlsharder,’YeZihua...‘Thisisbecausetheypaymore

attentiontotheirbodies,whichcanputgreatersocialpressureonthemtoactinamore‘adult’way,’saidYe.”可知，

YeZihua认为青春期提前对女孩的影响更大，因为女孩更关注自己的身体，这会给她们带来更大的社会压

力，要求她们表现得