2025年专四真题加答案

2025年专四练习题加答案第一部分听力理解（ListeningComprehension）（共25题，25分）SectionA对话（Conversations）对话1M:Hi,Linda,Iheardyoujustcamebackfromtheone-monthinternshipatthetechcompany.Howwasit?W:Honestly,itwasmorechallengingthanIexpected.Thefirstweek,Iwasjustfilingdocumentsandmakingcoffee,whichfeltabittrivial.Butstartingfromthesecondweek,mysupervisorletmeassistinauserresearchproject.M:Userresearch?Thatsoundsmoresubstantial.Whatdidyoudoexactly?W:Ihelpeddesignquestionnaires,conductedface-to-faceinterviewswith30users,andthenanalyzedthedatawithSPSS.Itwasmyfirsttimeusingprofessionalsoftware,soIhadtostaylatetolearnit.M:Didyouencounteranyproblems?W:Yeah,someintervieweeswerereluctanttosharepersonalfeedback.Ihadtoadjustmyquestionsonthespottomakethemfeelmorecomfortable.Oh,andthedeadlineforthereportwastight—wehadonlythreedaystofinishdraftingafterdatacollection.M:So,anytakeaways?W:Definitely.Irealizedthatacademicknowledgealoneisn’tenough.Softskillslikecommunicationandadaptabilitymattermoreinrealwork.Also,timemanagementiskey.Iusedtoprocrastinate,buthere,missingadeadlinecouldmessupthewholeteam’sschedule.1.WhatwasLinda’sinitialtaskintheinternship?A.DesigningquestionnairesB.FilingdocumentsandmakingcoffeeC.AnalyzingdatawithSPSSD.Conductinginterviews2.WhydidLindastaylateinthesecondweek?A.ToadjustinterviewquestionsB.TolearntouseSPSSC.TomeetthereportdeadlineD.Tocommunicatewithusers对话2W:ProfessorClark,couldItalktoyouaboutmytermpaper?Ichose"TheInfluenceofAIonTranslationStudies,"butI’mnotsureifthescopeistoobroad.M:Let’ssee.AIintranslationcoversmachinetranslation,post-editing,translationmemorytools…Itisbroad.Maybenarrowitdown.Howaboutfocusingon"TheImpactofNeuralMachineTranslation(NMT)onProfessionalTranslators’Workflow"?W:That’sbetter.I’vereadsomepapersonNMT’saccuracy,butIwanttoincludeempiricaldata.Doyouthinksurveysarefeasible?M:Surveyscanwork,butensureyoursampleisrepresentative.Targetbothfreelancetranslatorsandthoseintranslationagencies.Also,interviewsmightprovidedeeperinsights.W:I’mworriedaboutgettingaccesstointerviewees.M:YoucanreachoutthroughprofessionalassociationslikeATA(AmericanTranslatorsAssociation).Theyoftensupportacademicresearch.W:Anotherquestion:shouldIcompareNMTwithrule-basedmachinetranslation?M:AbriefhistoricalcontextwouldhelpreadersunderstandNMT’sinnovation,butdon’toveremphasizethecomparison.Stayfocusedonworkflowchanges—liketimesaved,errortypes,collaborationbetweentranslatorsandAI.W:Gotit.I’lldraftanoutlineandsendittoyoubyFriday.3.WhatdoesProfessorClarksuggestaboutLinda’stermpapertopic?A.ExpandthescopetoincludemoreAIapplicationsB.FocusonNeuralMachineTranslation’simpactontranslators’workflowC.ReplacesurveyswithinterviewsfordatacollectionD.EmphasizethecomparisonbetweenNMTandrule-basedtranslation4.HowdoesProfessorClarkadviseLindatogetinterviewparticipants?A.ContactprofessionaltranslationassociationsB.PostadsonsocialmediaC.RecruitfromuniversitytranslationprogramsD.UserandomsamplingonlineSectionB新闻（NewsBroadcasts）新闻1TheEuropeanUnionannouncednewregulationsonsingle-useplasticsyesterday,aimingtoreduceplasticwasteby50%by2030.Theruleswillbanitemslikeplasticcutlery,straws,andcottonswabs,withexceptionsonlyformedicalpurposes.Manufacturerswillberequiredtocoverthecostofcollectingandrecyclingplasticpackaging,apolicyknownas"extendedproducerresponsibility."Environmentalgroupswelcomedthemovebutnotedthatenforcementinmemberstatesremainsachallenge."Weneedconsistentimplementationacrossborderstoavoidloopholes,"saidGreenpeacespokespersonMariaGomez.5.WhatisthemaingoalofthenewEUregulations?A.Tobanallplasticproductsby2030B.ToreduceplasticwastebyhalfwithinsevenyearsC.ToimposehighertaxesonplasticmanufacturersD.Topromotetheuseofmedicalplasticitems新闻2A7.2-magnitudeearthquakestruckthecoastofChileearlythismorning,triggeringasmalltsunamiwarning.Theepicenterwas80kmoffthecityofValparaíso,atadepthof35km.Localauthoritiesreportedminordamagetobuildingsbutnocasualtiesyet.Rescueteamshavebeendispatchedtocheckfortrappedresidents,especiallyinremotemountainvillages.TheNationalSeismologyServicesaidaftershocksarelikelyinthenext48hours,urgingresidentstostayawayfromcoastalareas.6.Whatdidtheearthquaketrigger?A.AmajortsunamiB.LandslidesincitiesC.AsmalltsunamiwarningD.WidespreadpoweroutagesSectionC讲座（Lecture）Goodmorning,everyone.Todaywe’lldiscussanoftenoverlookedaspectofcommunication:nonverbalcuesincross-culturalinteractions.Whilewepaymuchattentiontolanguagebarriers,misinterpretationsofgestures,eyecontact,andpersonalspacecanbeequallyproblematic.First,gestures.A"thumbs-up"intheUSsignalsapproval,butinIran,it’saninsultsimilartoflippingthemiddlefinger.InGreece,a"OK"handgesture(circlingthumbandindexfinger)isoffensive.Alwaysresearchlocalgesturesbeforetraveling.Second,eyecontact.InmanyWesterncultures,directeyecontactshowsconfidenceandhonesty.ButinJapan,prolongedeyecontactisseenasrude,especiallywhenspeakingtosuperiors.InsomeAfricancultures,childrenavoideyecontactwithelderstoshowrespect.Third,personalspace.NorthAmericanstypicallyprefer1-2metersof"comfortzone,"whilepeopleintheMiddleEaststandmuchcloserduringconversations.Ifsomeonefromahigh-contactculturestepscloser,don’tbackawayabruptly—itmaybeperceivedasrejection.Lastly,facialexpressions.Smilingisuniversal,butthecontextvaries.InsomeAsiancultures,peoplemightsmilewhenembarrassedornervous,whichWesternersmightmisreadasinsensitivity.Tosumup,effectivecross-culturalcommunicationrequiresnotjustlinguisticskills,butawarenessofnonverbalnorms.Observe,askquestions,andadapt.7.Whatdoesthelecturemainlydiscuss?A.VerbalcommunicationstrategiesB.MisunderstandingscausedbylanguagebarriersC.Nonverbalcuesincross-culturalinteractionsD.Culturaldifferencesinfacialexpressions8.Inwhichcountryisthe"thumbs-up"gestureconsideredaninsult?A.TheUSB.IranC.GreeceD.Japan9.WhydochildreninsomeAfricanculturesavoideyecontactwithelders?A.ToshowconfidenceB.ToexpressnervousnessC.TodemonstraterespectD.Toavoidconfrontation10.Whatisadvisedfordealingwithpersonalspacedifferences?A.Maintaina1-2meterdistancewitheveryoneB.StepbackimmediatelyifsomeonegetstoocloseC.ResearchlocalnormsbeforeinteractionsD.Ignoreculturaldifferencesinpersonalspace第二部分语法与词汇（GrammarandVocabulary）（共30题，15分）11.Bythetimeyoufinishreadingthisbook,I______mythesisdraft.A.willhavecompletedB.havecompletedC.amcompletingD.willcomplete12.Thecommittee,aswellasthechairman,______infavoroftheproposal.A.isB.areC.wasD.were13.______hetriedhisbest,hestillfailedtopasstheexam.A.EvenifB.AlthoughC.IncaseD.Asif14.Theoldman’shealthhasbeendeteriorating______thepastfewmonths.A.overB.onC.atD.for15.Thecompany’snewproductis______tohitthemarketnextquarter.A.likeB.alikeC.likelyD.liking16.She______herchildhoodmemoriesinthenovel,whichtouchedmanyreaders.A.incorporatedB.separatedC.deletedD.isolated17.Theprofessor’slecturewasso______thatmoststudentsfellasleephalfway.A.inspiringB.tediousC.humorousD.insightful18.______withthedifficulty,wedecidedtoseekhelpfromexperts.A.FacingB.FacedC.TofaceD.Havingfaced19.Thegovernmentisdeterminedto______povertyinruralareaswithinfiveyears.A.eliminateB.limitC.reduceD.control20.Itishightimewe______measurestoprotecttheendangeredspecies.A.takeB.tookC.willtakeD.havetaken21.Thedetective______thecluesandfinallyfoundthesuspect.A.overlookedB.analyzedC.destroyedD.ignored22.______youhavefinishedyourwork,youcangohomeearlytoday.A.ForB.NowthatC.InthatD.Sothat23.Thenewpolicyaimsto______equalopportunitiesforallstudents.A.ensureB.inspectC.exploreD.maintain24.Thechildrenwere______bythestoryofthebravelittlemouse.A.amusedB.annoyedC.confusedD.bored25.______inthecityfortenyears,hestillmissesthequietlifeinthecountryside.A.LivingB.HavinglivedC.LivedD.Tolive26.Thecompany’sprofitshave______significantlysincethenewmanagertookover.A.expandedB.declinedC.maintainedD.stabilized27.______isknowntoall,theearthmovesaroundthesun.A.AsB.ThatC.WhichD.What28.Theteacherrecommendedthatthestudents______moreattentiontopronunciation.A.paidB.payC.wouldpayD.hadpaid29.Theyoungartist’sworkis______ofbothtraditionalandmodernelements.A.characteristicB.typicalC.representativeD.symbolic30.______theheavyrain,thefootballmatchwaspostponedtonextweek.A.InspiteofB.DuetoC.BecauseD.As第三部分完型填空（Cloze）（共20题，10分）Socialmediahasbecomeanintegralpartofteenagers’lives,butitsimpactonmentalhealthisagrowingconcern.Arecentstudy(31)______2,000adolescentsfoundthatthosewhospentoverthreehoursadayonsocialmediawere(32)______twiceaslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepression.Onereasonisthe(33)______of"filteredreality."Teenagersoftencomparethemselvestoothers’carefullycuratedposts—perfectselfies,luxuriousvacations,academic(34)______.Thisconstantcomparisoncan(35)______feelingsofinadequacy.A15-year-oldgirlinterviewedsaid,"IscrollthroughInstagramandseemyfriends(36)______amazinglives,butwhenImeettheminperson,they’rejustasstressedasIam.It’slikeeveryone’s(37)______ashow."Anotherfactorissleepdisruption.Manyteens(38)______theirphoneslateatnight,checkingnotificationsorwatchingvideos.Thebluelightfromscreens(39)______theproductionofmelatonin,ahormonethatregulatessleep.(40)______sleepdeprivationleadstoirritability,poorconcentration,andevenlong-termhealthissues.However,socialmediaisn’tentirely(41)______.Itprovidesaplatformfor(42)______communities,especiallyformarginalizedgroupslikeLGBTQ+teens.Onlinesupportgroupscanoffer(43)______andadvicethatmightbehardtofindoffline.A17-year-oldtransgenderboynoted,"MyInstagramfriendswerethefirstto(44)______mynewname.Withoutthem,I’dfeelevenmore(45)______."Expertssuggesta(46)______approach:parentsshould(47)______screentimewithoutbanningsocialmediaentirely.Encouraging(48)______activities,suchassportsorhobbies,canhelpteens(49)______ahealthierbalance.Mostimportantly,(50)______openconversationsaboutonlineexperiencescanreducetheshameofsharingnegativefeelings.31.A.involvingB.includingC.coveringD.containing32.A.nearlyB.barelyC.rarelyD.scarcely33.A.displayB.absenceC.lackD.presence34.A.failuresB.achievementsC.effortsD.plans35.A.reduceB.triggerC.relieveD.prevent36.A.livingB.leadingC.havingD.making37.A.puttingonB.takingonC.turningonD.puttingoff38.A.putawayB.giveupC.stayupwithD.endupwith39.A.promotesB.inhibitsC.acceleratesD.enhances40.A.ConstantB.TemporaryC.OccasionalD.Rare41.A.positiveB.negativeC.effectiveD.ineffective42.A.supportiveB.competitiveC.aggressiveD.passive43.A.criticismB.pressureC.encouragementD.confusion44.A.refuseB.acceptC.ignoreD.question45.A.connectedB.isolatedC.excitedD.satisfied46.A.extremeB.balancedC.strictD.flexible47.A.monitorB.increaseC.eliminateD.forbid48.A.onlineB.virtualC.offlineD.digital49.A.strikeB.breakC.loseD.avoid50.A.avoidingB.initiatingC.stoppingD.delaying第四部分阅读理解（ReadingComprehension）（共20题，20分）TextAUrbangreenspaces—parks,communitygardens,andtree-linedstreets—aremorethanjustaestheticadditionstocities.Researchshowstheysignificantlyboostresidents’mentalandphysicalhealth.A2023studyinLancetPublicHealthtracked10,000citydwellersoverfiveyears.Thoselivingwithin500metersofaparkreported23%lowerratesofanxietyand18%fewervisitstodoctorsforstress-relatedissues.Thereason?Greenspacesencouragephysicalactivity;65%ofparkuserssaidtheywalkedorjoggedthereatleastthreetimesaweek.Butthebenefitsgobeyondexercise.Biophilia,thehumantendencytoconnectwithnature,playsarole.Exposuretogreeneryreducescortisol(thestresshormone)levelsbyanaverageof15%within20minutes,accordingtoaUniversityofTokyoexperiment.Patientsinhospitalswithwindowviewsoftreesalsorecover22%fasterthanthosefacingbrickwalls.However,notallcitiesdistributegreenspacesequitably.Inlow-incomeneighborhoods,parksareoftensmaller,lessmaintained,andfartheraway.This"greengap"exacerbateshealthinequalities.AreportbytheWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendsthateveryurbanresidentshouldlivewithin300metersofagreenspace,withaminimumof9squaremetersperperson.CitieslikeSingaporeandCopenhagenhaveledtheway.Singapore’s"CityinaGarden"policymandatesthat47%oflandremainsgreen,whileCopenhagen’s"GreenNetwork"connectsparkswithbikelanes,makingnatureaccessibletoall.51.WhatisthemainideaofTextA?A.UrbangreenspacesareonlyforaestheticpurposesB.Greenspacesimproveurbanresidents’healthandequitymattersC.Low-incomeneighborhoodshavebetteraccesstoparksD.Biophiliahasnoconnectionwithstressreduction52.AccordingtotheLancetPublicHealthstudy,parkproximityislinkedto______.A.higherratesofanxietyB.moredoctorvisitsforstressC.lowerstress-relatedhealthissuesD.reducedphysicalactivity53.WhatdoestheUniversityofTokyoexperimentshow?A.GreeneryreducescortisollevelsquicklyB.HospitalsshouldhavemorebrickwallsC.PatientsrecoverfasterwithouttreeviewsD.Biophiliahasnoscientificbasis54.Whatisthe"greengap"mentionedinthetext?A.ThedifferenceingreenspaceaccessbetweenincomegroupsB.Thesizeofparksinhigh-incomeareasC.ThelackofbikelanesconnectingparksD.The9squaremetersperpersonrequirement55.Whichcityiscitedasagoodexampleofgreenspaceplanning?A.TokyoB.SingaporeC.NewYorkD.ParisTextBTheriseofe-bookshassparkedadebate:aretheyreplacingprintedbooks,ordothetwocoexist?Proponentsofe-bookshighlightconvenience.Withasingledevice,readerscancarryhundredsofbooks,adjustfontsizes,andaccessdictionariesinstantly.Forstudents,e-textbooksareoftencheaperandlighterthanprintedones.A2024surveyfoundthat68%ofcollegestudentsprefere-booksforcoursework.However,printedbookloversarguethatphysicalbooksofferauniquesensoryexperience.Thesmellofpaper,theweightofabookinhand,andtheabilitytoflipthroughpagestofindapassage—thesetactileelementsenhancememoryretention.AstudyinMemory&Cognitionshowedthatreadersofprintedbooksrecalledplotdetails30%betterthane-bookusers.Anotherpointisscreenfatigue.Staringatscreensforhourscauseseyestrainandreducesreadingendurance.AreportfromtheAmericanOptometricAssociationnotesthat72%ofe-bookreadersexperiencedryeyesafter45minutes,comparedto28%ofprintedbookreaders.Yet,e-bookshaveenvironmentalbenefits.Producingoneprintedbookuses3.5litersofwaterand0.7kgofpaper,whilee-booksrequirenophysicalresources.If50%ofreadersswitchedtoe-books,globalpaperconsumptioncoulddropby12milliontonsannually.Inreality,thetwoformatsarecomplementary.Manyreadersusee-booksforquickreadsandprintedbooksforbelovedclassics.Publishersnowoffer"hybrid"options,suchase-bookswithaudionarrationspairedwithlimited-editionprintedcopies.56.WhatisthemaintopicofTextB?A.ThehistoryofprintedbooksB.Thedebatebetweene-booksandprintedbooksC.Theenvironmentalimpactofe-booksD.Thepreferenceofcollegestudentsfore-textbooks57.Accordingtothe2024survey,whydocollegestudentsprefere-books?A.TheyenhancememoryretentionB.TheyaremoreexpensiveC.TheyareconvenientandcheaperD.Theyreduceeyestrain58.WhatdoestheMemory&Cognitionstudyindicate?A.E-bookreadersrecalldetailsbetterB.TactileelementsofprintedbooksaidmemoryC.ScreenfatiguehasnoeffectonreadingD.Printedbooksareheavierthane-books59.Whatenvironmentalbenefitdoe-bookshave?A.Theyuse3.5litersofwaterperbookB.TheyreduceglobalpaperconsumptionC.TheyrequiremorephysicalresourcesD.Theyincreasescreentime60.Howdoe-booksandprintedbookscoexistaccordingtothetext?A.E-booksreplaceprintedbooksentirelyB.Readersusee-booksforclassicsandprintedbooksforquickreadsC.PublishersofferhybridoptionscombiningbothformatsD.Printedbooksarenolongerpopular第五部分写作（Wr