2025年雅思生物试题题库及答案

2025年雅思生物试题题库及答案

一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分）1.Theprocessbywhichplantsconvertlightenergyintochemicalenergyisknownas:A.PhotosynthesisB.RespirationC.FermentationD.TranspirationAnswer:A2.Whichofthefollowingisaprimaryconsumerinafoodchain?A.FishB.GrassC.SnakeD.SharkAnswer:B3.Thegeneticmaterialthatisfoundinthenucleusofeukaryoticcellsis:A.RNAB.DNAC.ProteinsD.LipidsAnswer:B4.Theprocessofbreakingdownlargefoodmoleculesintosmalleronesiscalled:A.AbsorptionB.DigestionC.AssimilationD.EgestionAnswer:B5.Thehormoneresponsibleforregulatingbloodsugarlevelsis:A.InsulinB.ThyroidhormoneC.AdrenalineD.EstrogenAnswer:A6.Theprocessbywhichwatermovesthroughaplantfromtherootstotheleavesis:A.TranspirationB.PhotosynthesisC.RespirationD.AbsorptionAnswer:A7.Thestudyoftheinteractionsbetweenorganismsandtheirenvironmentisknownas:A.EcologyB.GeneticsC.BiochemistryD.MicrobiologyAnswer:A8.Thecellorganelleresponsibleforenergyproductionineukaryoticcellsis:A.MitochondriaB.ChloroplastC.RibosomeD.EndoplasmicreticulumAnswer:A9.Theprocessbywhichorganismsadapttotheirenvironmentovertimeiscalled:A.EvolutionB.ReproductionC.PhotosynthesisD.RespirationAnswer:A10.Thestructurethatsurroundsandprotectsthedevelopingembryoinmammalsis:A.OvumB.SpermC.PlacentaD.AmnioticsacAnswer:C二、多项选择题（总共10题，每题2分）1.Whichofthefollowingarecomponentsofthecellmembrane?A.PhospholipidsB.ProteinsC.CarbohydratesD.LipidsAnswer:A,B,C,D2.Thefollowingareexamplesofecosystemservices:A.PollinationB.OxygenproductionC.SoilformationD.ClimateregulationAnswer:A,B,C,D3.Thefollowingarestagesofmitosis:A.ProphaseB.MetaphaseC.AnaphaseD.TelophaseAnswer:A,B,C,D4.Thefollowingarefunctionsofhormones:A.RegulationofmetabolismB.RegulationofgrowthC.RegulationofreproductionD.RegulationofimmuneresponseAnswer:A,B,C,D5.Thefollowingaretypesofsymbioticrelationships:A.MutualismB.CommensalismC.ParasitismD.CompetitionAnswer:A,B,C6.Thefollowingarepartsofthedigestivesystem:A.MouthB.StomachC.SmallintestineD.LargeintestineAnswer:A,B,C,D7.Thefollowingareexamplesofrenewableenergysources:A.SolarenergyB.WindenergyC.HydroelectricenergyD.FossilfuelsAnswer:A,B,C8.Thefollowingarecharacteristicsofprokaryoticcells:A.LackofanucleusB.PresenceofribosomesC.PresenceofacellwallD.Lackofmembrane-boundorganellesAnswer:A,B,C,D9.Thefollowingareexamplesofgeneticdisorders:A.DownsyndromeB.CysticfibrosisC.SicklecellanemiaD.Huntington'sdiseaseAnswer:A,B,C,D10.Thefollowingarefactorsthataffectpopulationgrowth:A.BirthrateB.DeathrateC.ImmigrationD.EmigrationAnswer:A,B,C,D三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分）1.Photosynthesisoccursinthemitochondriaofplantcells.False2.Fishareexamplesofprimaryconsumersinafoodchain.False3.DNAisthegeneticmaterialfoundinthenucleusofeukaryoticcells.True4.Digestioninvolvesthebreakdownoflargefoodmoleculesintosmallerones.True5.Insulinisahormonethatregulatesbloodsugarlevels.True6.Transpirationistheprocessbywhichwatermovesthroughaplantfromtherootstotheleaves.True7.Ecologyisthestudyoftheinteractionsbetweenorganismsandtheirenvironment.True8.Mitochondriaarethecellorganellesresponsibleforenergyproductionineukaryoticcells.True9.Evolutionistheprocessbywhichorganismsadapttotheirenvironmentovertime.True10.Theplacentaisthestructurethatsurroundsandprotectsthedevelopingembryoinmammals.True四、简答题（总共4题，每题5分）1.Describetheprocessofphotosynthesisinplants.Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplantsconvertlightenergyintochemicalenergy.Itoccursinthechloroplastsofplantcells,wherechlorophyllcaptureslightenergy.Thisenergyisusedtoconvertcarbondioxideandwaterintoglucoseandoxygen.Theglucoseisusedbytheplantforenergyandgrowth,whiletheoxygenisreleasedintotheatmosphere.2.Explaintheroleofenzymesinbiologicalreactions.Enzymesarebiologicalcatalyststhatspeedupchemicalreactionsinlivingorganisms.Theyareproteinsthathaveaspecificthree-dimensionalstructure,includinganactivesitewheresubstratesbind.Enzymeslowertheactivationenergyrequiredforareactiontooccur,allowingittoproceedmorequickly.TheyarehighlyspecificandcanbeaffectedbyfactorssuchastemperatureandpH.3.Discusstheimportanceofbiodiversityinecosystems.Biodiversityreferstothevarietyoflifeformsinanecosystem,includingplants,animals,andmicroorganisms.Itisimportantforseveralreasons.First,biodiversitycontributestoecosystemstabilityandresilience,asdiverseecosystemsarebetterabletowithstandenvironmentalchangesanddisturbances.Second,biodiversityprovidesawiderangeofecosystemservices,suchaspollination,nutrientcycling,andclimateregulation.Finally,biodiversityhaseconomicandculturalvalue,asitprovidesresourcesforfood,medicine,andrecreation.4.Explaintheconceptofnaturalselectionanditsroleinevolution.Naturalselectionistheprocessbywhichorganismswithtraitsthatarebettersuitedtotheirenvironmentaremorelikelytosurviveandreproduce.Overtime,thisleadstotheaccumulationoffavorabletraitsinapopulation,resultinginevolution.Naturalselectionoccursduetovariationsintraitsamongindividuals,differentialsurvivalandreproduction,andtheinheritanceoftraits.Itistheprimarymechanismdrivingtheadaptationoforganismstotheirenvironment.五、讨论题（总共4题，每题5分）1.Discusstheimpactofclimatechangeonbiodiversity.Climatechangehasasignificantimpactonbiodiversity.Risingtemperaturescanalterthedistributionandabundanceofspecies,leadingtoshiftsinecosystems.Somespeciesmaybeunabletoadaptquicklyenoughandfaceincreasedriskofextinction.Changesinprecipitationpatternscanalsoaffectplantcommunitiesandtheavailabilityofwaterresources.Additionally,climatechangecanexacerbateotherthreatstobiodiversity,suchashabitatlossandinvasivespecies.2.Explaintheimportanceofconservationeffortsinpreservingbiodiversity.Conservationeffortsarecrucialforpreservingbiodiversity.Habitatlossanddegradationaremajorthreatstomanyspecies,soprotectingandrestoringhabitatsisessential.Thiscanbedonethroughtheestablishmentofprotectedareas,suchasnationalparksandwildlifereserves.Additionally,conservationeffortsincludeimplementingsustainableland-usepractices,controllingpollution,andcombatinginvasivespecies.Theseactionshelpmaintainecosystemintegrityandensurethesurvivalofdiversespecies.3.Discusstheroleofgeneticengineeringinaddressingglobalchallenges.Geneticengineeringplaysasignificantroleinaddressingglobalchallenges.Itinvolvesthemanipulationofanorganism'sgeneticmaterialtoachievedesiredtraitsoroutcomes.Geneticengineeringcanbeusedtodevelopcropswithincreasedyield,resistancetopestsanddiseases