汽车专业英语 第4版 课件 第六章 动力蓄电池

汽车专业英语ENALISHCHAPTER6

PowerBattery动力蓄电池动力蓄电池基本术语和类型动力蓄电池的结构与工作原理蓄电池管理系统燃料电池技术6-1 BasicTermsandTypesofTractionBatteries6-2 StructureandPrincipleofTractionBattery6-3 BatteryManagementSystem6-4 FuelCellTechnology 6-1 Abbreviations缩写语序号NO.类型Type维修建议Maintenanceadvice1BMS电池管理系统BatteryManagementSystem2BMU电池管理单元BatteryManagementUnit3BOL寿命初始BeginofLife4Bus-bar电芯极柱连接条Cellpoleconnectingrod5CAN控制器局域网ControllerAreaNetwork6A-CANBMU与HCU通讯CANBMUandHCUcommunicationCAN7C-CANBMU与CSC通讯CANBMU与CSC通讯CAN8S-CANBMU与CSU通讯CANBMUandCSUcommunicationCAN9CH-CANBMU与充电机通讯CANBMUandchargercommunicationCAN10CCU充电控制单元（车载充电机）

ChargeControlUnit11CSC电池监控电路CellSupervisionCircuit12CSU电流采样单元CurrentSampleUnit 6-1 Abbreviations缩写语序号NO.类型Type维修建议Maintenanceadvice13EMC电磁兼容ElectromagneticCompatibility14ESD静电释放ElectrostaticDischarge15EOL寿命终止EndofLife16FMEA失效模式与影响分析FailureModeandEffectAnalysis17HV高压HighVoltage18HVIL高压互锁HighVoltageInterlock19IPU集成功率单元IntegratedPowerUnit20LV低压LowVoltage21MSD手动维修开关ManualSwitchDisconnect22OCV开路电压OpenCircuitVoltage23PTC加热器PositiveTemperatureCoefficient24S-Box高压配电盒SwitchBox25SOC荷电状态StateofCharge本课新单词maintenance[ˈmeɪntənəns]n.维修，保持management[ˈmænɪdʒmənt]n.经营，管理supervision[ˌsu:pəˈvɪʒ(ə)n]n.监督，管理circuit[ˈsɜ:kɪt]n.电路；v.环行current[ˈkʌrənt]n.电流；adj.现在的sample[ˈsɑ:mp(ə)l]n.采样electromagnetic[ɪˌlektrəʊmæɡˈnetɪk]adj.电磁的electrostatic[ɪˌlektrəʊˈstætɪk]adj.静电的，静电学的interlock[ˌɪntəˈlɒk]v.互锁；n.连锁manual[ˈmænjuəl]n.手册；adj.手工的disconnect[ˌdɪskəˈnekt]v.切断n.差异analysis[əˈnæləsɪs]n.分析charge[tʃɑːdʒ]v.充电；n.电量board[bɔːd]n.板；v.登上charger[ˈtʃɑːdʒə(r)]n.充电机，袭击者1.BatteryCellThesmallestenergystorageunit,abasicelectrochemicalenergystoragedevice,consistsofapositiveelectrode,anegativeelectrode,anelectrolyte,aseparator,anexhaustvalve,andacase,alsocalledabatterycell.2.BatteryModuleIntermediateenergystorageunit,placedinamechanicalelectricalunit,isacombinationofseveralunitsconnectedtothecircuitandcircuitequipment(monitoringandprotectioncircuits,electricalandcommunicationinterfaces),alsoknownasamodule.3.BatteryPackApowersupplysystemcomposedofseveralbatterymodules,circuitcomponents(protectioncircuits,batterymanagementsystems,electricalandcommunicationinterfaces),andthermalmanagementdevices,etc.,whichareusedtoprovideenergyforelectricaldevices.4.NominalVoltageAt25℃,90%RH,50%SOC,thepotentialdifferencebetweenthepositiveandnegativeelectrodesofthebattery.阅读材料Definitionofterminology5.CapacityTheamountofpowerthebatterycanprovideafterbeingfullychargedunderprescribedconditions.UsuallyexpressedinA·h.6.EnergyCapacityTheenergyprovidedbythebatterywhenfullychargedunderprescribedconditions.UsuallyexpressedinW·horkW·h.7.NominalCapacityAtthebeginningoflife(BOL),thebatterycanbefullychargedunderthespecifiedconditionstoprovideaminimumcapacityofICdischargecapacity.阅读材料术语定义1.单体蓄电池最小的储能单元，一个基本的电化学能源储存装置，由正极、负极、电解液、隔离膜、排气阀及壳体组成，也称为电芯。2.蓄电池模组中间储能单元，放在一个机械电气单元内的，由电路相连的若干个单体和电路设备（监测和保护电路、电气和通信接口）组成的一个组合体，也称为模组。3.蓄电池包由若干个蓄电池模组、电路设备（保护电路、蓄电池管理系统，电气和通信接口）及热管理装置等组成的，用来为用电装置提供能量的电源系统。4.标称电压在25℃，90%RH，50%SOC条件下，蓄电池正极和负极之间的电位差。术语定义5.容量按规定的条件完全充电后的蓄电池所能提供的电量。通常用A·h来表示。6.能量按规定的条件完全充电后的蓄电池所能提供的能量。通常用W·h或kW·h来表示。7.标称容量在寿命开始（BOL），按规定的条件完全充电后的蓄电池以1C的倍率放电所能提供的最小容量。生词短语注解electrochemical[ɪˌlektrəʊˈkemɪkəl]adj.电化学的electrolyte[ɪˈlektrəlaɪt]n.电解液separator[ˈsepəreɪtə(r)]n.隔离膜，分离器circuit[sɜ:kɪt]n.电路，环道thermal[θɜ:m(ə)l]adj.热的；n.上升的热气流nominal[ˈnɒmɪn(ə)l]adj.标称capacity[kəˈpæsəti]n.容量，能力discharge[dɪsˈtʃɑ:dʒ]n.放电；v.释放supervision[ˌsu:pəˈvɪʒ(ə)n]n.监控integrated[ˈɪntɪɡreɪtɪd]adj.集成的；v.合并potential[pəˈtenʃ(ə)l]adj.潜在的；n.潜力electrode[ɪˈlektrəʊd]n.电极；电焊条specified[ˈspesɪfaɪd]adj.规定的；v.指定prescribedconditions规定的条件thermalmanagementdevices热管理装置6-2 StructureandPrincipleofTractionBattery动力蓄电池的结构与工作原理ExplosiveviewofbatterymoduleisshowninFigure6-1.蓄电池模组爆炸图如图6-1所示。Figure6-1ExplosiveViewofBatteryModule蓄电池模组爆炸图Figure6-11endplate端板2outputsidebase输出极底座3endplateinsulationcover端板绝缘罩4protectivecoverofoutput输出极保护盖5uppercoverofmodule模组上保护盖6PCBorFPC线束板组件或柔性采样线7negativetemperaturecoefficient(NTC)负温度系数8cell电芯9bufferspad缓冲垫10insulationfilmofsideplate侧板绝缘膜（热压膜）11sideplate侧板ModularfreedesignofthebatteryisshowinFigure6-2.无模组设计的蓄电池如图6-2所示。Figure6-2ModularFreeDesignoftheBattery无模组设计的蓄电池Figure6-21lowvoltageconnector低压接插件2highvoltageconnector高压接插件3batterymanagementsystem（BMS）蓄电池管理系统4lowvoltagewiringharness低压连接线束55*1P18SCTPcellscomponent5*1P18SCTP电芯组件6copper-barofhighvoltageconnection高压连接铜巴7thermalmanagementsystem热管理系统8fuse熔断器9packsealingpad箱体密封垫Figure6-2OutsideofbatteryPackisshowninFigure6-3.蓄电池箱外部如图6-3所示。Figure6-3OutsideofBatteryPack蓄电池箱外部Figure6-3Figure6-31fast-charginginterface快充接口2HVoutput高压输出3toolinghook工装挂钩4airpressurebalancevalve(uppercover)气压平衡阀（上盖）5lowerboxofpack电箱下箱体6copper-barofhighvoltageconnection电箱上箱盖InsideofbatterypackisshowninFigure6-4.蓄电池箱内部如图6-4所示。Figure6-4InsideofBatteryPack蓄电池箱内部Figure6-4Figure6-41batterymanagementunit（BMU）蓄电池管理单元2SwitchBox（S-Box）开关箱3seal、buffer、insulation密封、缓冲、绝缘4lowerboxofpack电箱下箱体5upperboxofpack电箱上箱盖6airpressurebalancevalve(uppercover)气压平衡阀（上盖）7airpressurebalancevalve(uppercover)热管理系统8highvoltageconnection高压连接9module模组10lowvoltageconnection低压连接11nameplate、tags铭牌、标签本课新单词insulation[ˌɪnsjuˈleɪʃ(ə)n]n.绝缘connector[kəˈnektə(r)]n.插接器harness[ˈhɑ:nɪs]v.连接；n.系带component[kəmˈpəʊnənt]n.组成部分；adj.组成的sealing[ˈsi:lɪŋ]n.密封；v.系紧interface[ˈɪntəfeɪs]n.界面；v.连接valve[vælv]n.阀；v.装阀于component[kəmˈpəʊnənt]n.组成部分；adj.组成的wiring[ˈwaɪərɪŋ]n.接线；v.装电线seal[siːl]n.印章；v.封上buffer[ˈbʌfə(r)]n.缓冲器；v.缓冲,保护tooling[ˈtuːlɪŋ]n.工具作业；v.使用nameplate[ˈneɪmpleɪt]n.铭牌tags[tæɡz]n.标签；v.给……加上标签Lithium-ionbatteriesrelyonthemovementoflithium-ionsbetweentheelectrodestogenerateelectricalenergy,thestorageandreleaseofthisenergyisthroughthereleaseoflithiumionsinthepositiveactivesubstancetothenegativeactivesubstanceinsertionandremovaltocomplete,withoutchemicalreactions,whichisthebiggestfeatureoflithium-ionbatteries.Whenthebatteryischarged,lithiumionsaregeneratedonthepositiveelectrodeofthebattery,andthegeneratedlithiumionsmovethroughtheelectrolytetothenegativeelectrode.Asanegativeelectrode,carbonhasalayeredstructurewithmanymicropores.Lithiumionsthatreachthenegativeelectrodeareembeddedintothemicroporesofthecarbonlayer.Themorelithiumionsareembedded,thehigherthechargingcapacity.Similarly,whenthebatteryisdischarged,thelithiumionsembeddedinthenegativecarbonlayerescapeandmovebacktothepositiveelectrode.Themorelithiumionsareinthepositiveelectrode,thehigherthedischargecapacity.阅读材料BasicPrincipleofCharge-DischargeofLi-ionBattery阅读材料锂离子蓄电池是依靠锂离子在电极之间移动而产生电能的，这种电能的存储和释放是通过正极活性物质中放出的锂离子向负极活性物质中插入及脱嵌来完成的，这一过程不发生化学反应，这是锂离子蓄电池的最大特点。蓄电池进行充电时，蓄电池的正极上有锂离子生成，生成的锂离子经过电解液移动到负极。而作为负极的碳材料呈层状结构，它有很多微孔，到达负极的锂离子就嵌入到碳层的微孔中，嵌入的锂离子越多，充电容量越高。同样，当蓄电池放电时，嵌在负极碳层中的锂离子脱出，又移回正极。移回正极的锂离子越多，放电容量越高。锂离子蓄电池充放电基本原理生词短语注解lithiumion[ˈlɪθiəmˈaɪən]n.锂离子battery[ˈbætri]n.电池storage[stɔ:rɪdʒ]n.存储release[rɪˈli:s]v.放出insertion[ɪnˈsɜ:ʃn]n.插入removal[rɪˈmu:v(ə)l]n.脱嵌micropores[maɪkrə(ʊ)pɔ:(r)]n.微孔embedded[ɪmˈbedɪd]adj.嵌入escape[ɪˈskeɪp]v.脱出coefficient[kəʊɪˈfɪʃnt]n.系数nameplate[ˈneɪmpleɪt]n.铭牌tags[tæɡz]n.标签layer[ˈleɪə(r)]n.层；v.分层放置escape[ɪˈskeɪp]v.逃跑；n.逃离electrode[ɪˈlektrəʊd]n.电极lithium-ionbattery锂离子电池activesubstance活性物质chargecapacity充电容量6-3 BatteryManagementSystem蓄电池管理系统Figure6-6BatteryManagementSystemFunctions蓄电池管理系统功能BatterymanagementsystemfunctionsareshowninFigure6-6.蓄电池管理系统功能如图6-6所示。1balancedmanagement均衡管理2communicationmanagement通信管理3datastorage数据存储4powermanagement电源管理5parametercalibration电芯组件6faulthandling参数标定7faultdiagnosis故障处理8batterysafetymanagement蓄电池安全管理9highvoltagesafetymanagement高压安全管理10SOCandSOHestimationSOC、SOH估算11batteryparametermonitoring蓄电池参数监测12batteryequalization蓄电池均衡13sleepandwakeup休眠与唤醒14powersupplyvoltagedetection电源电压检测15powersequentialcontrol电源时序控制16communicationsCAN通信CAN17CSCautomaticencodingCSC自动编码18BOOTprocedureBOOT程序Figure6-619cellkeydata电芯关键数据20productapplicationprogram产品应用程序21cellIDtracing电芯ID追溯22voltagedetection电压检测23currentdetection电流检测24temperaturemeasurement温度检测25internalresistancedetection内阻检测26SOCvaluationcalibrationSOC估值校准27SOHestimateSOH估算28energyprediction能量预估29highvoltageinterlock高压互锁30insulationdetection绝缘检测31relaycontrol继电器控制32collisionsignalprocessing碰撞信号处理33maintenancestateprotection维修状态保护34heatmanagement

热管理35powerreductionstrategy降功率策略36chargemanagement充电管理37faultdetectionandprocessing故障检测与处理38systemself-checkdiagnosis系统自检诊断Figure6-6本课新单词Parameter[pəˈræmɪtə(r)]n.参数estimation[estɪˈmeɪʃn]n.估算diagnosis[daɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs]n.诊断calibration[ˌkælɪˈbreɪʃn]n.标定，刻度storage[stɔ:rɪdʒ]n.存储；adj.储存的voltage[ˈvəʊltɪdʒ]n.电压management[ˈmænɪdʒmənt]n.经营data[ˈdeɪtə]n.数据fault[fɔ:lt]n.错误；v.挑剔monitoring[ˈmɒnɪtərɪŋ]v.监视equalization[iːkwəlaɪˈzeɪʃn]n.均衡detection[dɪˈtekʃ(ə)n]n.察觉sequential[sɪˈkwenʃ(ə)l]adj.连续的automatic[ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk]adj.自动的；n.自动换挡汽车resistance[rɪˈzɪstəns]n.反对；阻力；电阻maintenance[ˈmeɪntənəns]n.维护strategy[ˈstrætədʒi]n.策略self-check[selftʃek]adj.自我检查的

Figure6-7BatteryManagementSystem蓄电池管理系统阅读材料Theenergystorageandoutputofthetractionbatteryneedtobemanaged,thatis,thetractionbatteryenergymanagementmodule,alsoknownasthebatterymanagementsystem(BMS),asshowninFigure6-7.BMScanprotectthetractionbatterysystemfromover-voltage,under-voltage,over-current,over-temperatureandover-lowtemperaturethroughfunctionssuchasvoltage,currentandtemperaturedetection,aswellasrelaycontrol,SOCestimation,chargeanddischargemanagement,heatingorinsulation,balancecontrol,faultalarmandtreatment,andcommunicationwithothercontrollers.Toensurethesafeandreliableuseofthebattery,theBMSshouldmaximizethecapacityofthebatteryandextendtheservicelife,andreportthebasicparametersandfaultinformationofthetractionbatterysystemtoVCU.BatteryManagementSystem阅读材料动力蓄电池的能量储存与输出都需要进行管理，即动力蓄电池能量管理模块，也称为蓄电池管理系统（BMS），如图6-7所示。BMS通过电压、电流及温度检测等功能，实现对动力蓄电池系统的过电压、欠电压、过电流、过高温和过低温保护，以及继电器控制、SOC估算、充放电管理、加热或保温、均衡控制、故障报警及处理、与其他控制器通信等功能。

为保证蓄电池安全可靠，BMS要充分利用电池的容量和延长其使用寿命，并向VCU上报动力蓄电池系统的基本参数及故障信息。蓄电池管理系统生词短语注解referred[rɪˈfɜ:d]adj.（医）牵涉性的；v.参考function[ˈfʌnkʃ(ə)n]n.功能current[ˈkʌrənt]adj.现行的n.水流relay[ˈriːleɪ]v.传递；n.接力赛controller[kənˈtrəʊlə]n.控制器treatment[ˈtriːtmənt]n.对待06CHAPTER6TractionBatterydetection[dɪˈtekʃ(ə)n]n.察觉over-voltage过电压under-voltage欠电压over-current过电流over-temperature过高温over-lowtemperature过低温relaycontrol继电器控制faultalarm故障报警faultinformation故障信息6-4 FuelCellTechnology燃料电池技术FuelcellelectricvehiclestructureisshowninFigure6-8.燃料电池电动汽车结构如图6-8所示。Figure6-8FuelCellElectricVehicleStructure燃料电池电动汽车结构Figure6-81fuelcell燃料电池23-waypowerDC/DCconverter3路电源DC/DC变换器3fillingnipplewithinfraredinterface带红外接口的填充接嘴4powerelectronicsrearelectricmotor电力电子后端电机5H2-Tanks(3x)

氢气-油箱（3个）6electricmotorrearaxle电机后桥7tractionbattery动力蓄电池8electricmotorfrontaxle电机前轴9powerelectronicsfrontelectricmotor电力电子前端电机10aircompressor空气压缩机11hydrogenrecirculationblower氢气再循环鼓风机本课新单词defuel[di:ˈfjʊəl]v.给……卸燃permeation[ˌpɜ:miˈeɪʃn]n.渗透humidifier[hju:ˈmɪdɪfaɪə(r)]n.增湿器membrane[ˈmembreɪn]n.膜06CHAPTER6TractionBatterytreatment[ˈtri:tmənt]n.对待，讨论receptacle[rɪˈseptək(ə)l]n.容器，花托rated[ˈreɪtɪd]adj.额定的；v.认为auxiliary[ɔ:ɡˈzɪliəri]adj.辅助的；n.助手leakage[ˈli:kɪdʒ]n.泄漏flammability[ˌflæməˈbɪlɪti]n.可燃性utilization[ˌju:təlaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n]n.利用consumption[kənˈsʌmpʃ(ə)n]n.消费，引用converter[kənˈvɜːtə(r)]n.（使）转变的人recirculation[riːˌsɜːkjʊˈleɪʃən]n.再循环tanks[tæŋks]n.储放液体或气体的箱Fuelcellelectricvehicles(FCEVs)generateelectricitythroughanelectrochemicalreactionbetweenhydrogenandoxygenfromtheair,catalyzedwithinafuelcell,asshowinFigure6-9.Thiselectricityservesastheprimarypowersourcetodrivethevehicle.Essentially,FCEVsareatypeofelectricvehicle.Intermsofthevehiclebody,powertransmissionsystem,andcontrolsystem,FCEVsarefundamentallysimilartoconventionalelectricvehicles.Thekeydifferenceliesintheprincipleofthepowersource.Generallyspeaking,fuelcellsconvertchemicalenergyintoelectricityviaelectrochemicalreactions.Hydrogenistypicallyusedasthereducingagent,whileoxygenservesastheoxidant.Asaresult,theearliestfuelcellvehiclesdirectlyutilizedhydrogenfuel.Hydrogenstoragecanbeachievedthroughvariousmethods,suchasliquefiedhydrogen,compressedhydrogen,ormetalhydridehydrogenstorage.Purefuelcellvehiclesrelysolelyonthefuelcellastheirpowersource,withallthevehicle'spowerderivedfromthefuelcell.Atpresent,manyfuelcellvehiclesoperateinahybridform.Inadditiontothefuelcell,thesevehiclesincorporateabatteryorsupercapacitorasanauxiliarypowersource.Themaincomponentsofsuchasystemincludetheenergycontrolunit,aircompressor,fuelcellstack,high-pressurehydrogenstoragetank,powerbattery,andelectricmotor.Thehigh-pressurehydrogenstoragetanksuppliesfueltothevehicle,whilethepowerbatteryprovidesadditionalpowerforaccelerati