2021届浙江省学军中学高三模拟测试英语试题（解析版）

2021届浙江省学军中学高三模拟测试英语试题第二部分阅读理解（共2节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题，每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项AAuniversitygraduatedescribedasa"respectableandintelligent"womanisseekingprofessionalhelpafterbeingconvictedof(证明有……罪)shopliftingforthesecondtimeinsixmonths.AnaLuz,

recentlystudyingforherPhD,hasbeentoldshecouldendupbehindbarsunlessshecancontrolthedesiretostealfromshops.Luz,wholiveswithherpartnerinFitzwilliamRoad,Cambridge,admittedstealingclothesworth￡9.95fromJohnLewisinOxfordStreet,London,onMarch9.PhillipLemoyne,prosecuting(起诉),saidLuzselectedsomeclothesfromadisplayandtookthemtotheladies"toiletinthestore.Whenshecameoutagainshewaswearingoneoftheskirtsshehadselected,havingtakenofftheanti-theftsecurityalarms(防盗警报装置).Shewasstoppedandcaughtafterleavingthestorewithoutpaying,MrLemoynesaid.Headdedthatshewasupsetonherarrestandapologizedforheractions.Luz,28,wassaidtohavebeenconvictedofshopliftingbyCambridgejudgeslastOctober,butMoragDuff,defending,saidshehadneverbeenintroublewiththepolicebeforethat."Sheisashamedandembarrassedbutdoesn’treallyhaveanyexplanationwhyshedidthis,"MissDuffsaid."Shedidn’tintendtostealwhenshewentintothestore.Sheisatalosstoexplainit.Sheisotherwiseaveryrespectableandintelligentyounglady.Shewenttoherdoctorandaskedforadvicebecauseshewantstoknowifthereisanythinginparticularthatcausedhertodothis."JudgeDavidAzanfinedLuz￡50,

andwarned:"You"vegotacriminalrecord.Ifyoucarryonlikethis,youwillendupinprison,whichwillruinyourbrightfutureyoumayhave."LuzachievedadegreeindesignatuniversityinhernativeSpain,wentontoafamousuniversityinBerlin,Germanyforhermaster"sdegreeandisnowstudyingforaPhDatCambridgeUniversity,UK.1.WhatisAnaLuz’snationality?A.American. B.British. C.Spanish. D.German.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence"Sheisatalosstoexplainit"mean?A.Inheropinionitwasalosstotheclothesshopswhereshestolethings.B.Shedoesn’thaveanyideawhyshehasthedesiretostealfromshops.C.Shethinksitisalossforhertoexplainwhyshestolethingsfromshops.D.Personallyshefeelsashamedandembarrassedforhershopliftingactions.3.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat

.A.AnaLuzisalreadygotherPhDatCambridgeUniversity,UKB.AnaLuzisashamedandembarrassedandknowswhysheoftendidsoC.theuniversitygraduatewillbeputinprisonifshestealsinshopsoncemoreD.PhillipLemoyneisthe"respectableandintelligent"woman"sdefenselawyer【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个有偷东西癖好的女孩的故事。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句话“LuzachievedadegreeindesignatuniversityinhernativeSpain.Luz在她的祖国西班牙的大学里获得了设计学位。”可知她是西班牙人，故选C。【2题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章倒数第三段“butdoesn’treallyhaveanyexplanationwhyshedidthis.但她并没有真正解释她为什么这样做。”由此判断出，划线的意思是“她不知道自己为什么会有从商店偷东西的欲望”。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“JudgeDavidAzanfinedLuz￡50,andwarned:“You’vegotacriminalrecord.Ifyoucarryonlikethis,youwillendupinprison,whichwillruinyourbrightfutureyoumayhave.法官David对Luz罚款50磅并警告说:“你有犯罪记录。如果你继续这样,你就会坐牢,这将毁了你光明的未来。”可知是再有一次这样的行为，就会被送进监狱。故选C。BChina’sfuturehigh-speedtrainsmightbeself-driving,withatopspeedaround600kilometerperhourandanadjustableinteriorandentertainmentsystemwithhigh-speedInternet，aseniorengineersaidonMonday.Fuxing,whichdebutedfirstonthelineconnectingBeijingandShanghai,hasanoperatingspeedof350km/h---theworld’sfastest.Itnowservesadozenmajorcities,fromChengdu,SichuanProvince,toShenzhen,GuangdongProvince,accordingtotheChinaRailwayCorporation.ChinesescientistsaredevelopinganewmodelofFuxingthatcanadopttodifferenttrackwidthsandstillrunconsistentlyat400km/h,Dingsaid,anofficerofthecorporation.“ThesenewtrainscanbeusedeffectivelyinRussiaorcountriesalongtheBeltandRoadInitiative.”“Thenewmodelwillenterservicewithinfiveyears,aboutthesameperiodneededtocreateandlaunchtheFuxing.Inthenext8to10years,Chinawilllaunchahigh-speedbullettrainthatissuspendedfromamagneticrail-nearlytwicethespeedoftheonecurrentlyoperatinginShanghai.”hesaid.Chineseengineersalsoareaimingtomakefuturetrainsmorecomfortable,includingaddingmorelegroominallcarriages,strongerInternetsignalsandsomehigh-classseatsthatmightinvolveadjustableinteriorandentertainmentsystems,suchaswindowsthatcanchangecolororserveasmoviescreens.Artificialintelligencewillbeincludedinfuturetrains,usingequipmentsuchasscannersthatautomaticallycheckanddeductfeeswhenpassengersboardandexittrainswithouthavingtodealwithtickets.Trainsalsowillhaveadvancedself-drivingsystemsthatcanpredictabnormalconditionsandautomaticallycheckslowincaseofemergencies.Thesesystemswillbefinishedwithinthreeyears.Now,China’shigh-speedrailwaynetworkhasextendedabout25000kilometersoftrack,whichmakesupabout60percentoftheworld’stotal,accordingtothecorporation.4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthefuturetrainstrue?A.Passengerscanaccesshigh-speedInternet.B.Itwillrunatatopspeedof600km/hC.AllofitssystemswillbeadjustableD.Therewillbenodriveronit5.Theunderlinedword“debuted”inPargraph2canbereplacedby“”A.walked B.appeared C.relied D.jumped6.Wecanlearningfromthepassagethat.A.ThetrackwidthinRussiamaybedifferent.B.ThepresentFuxingisamagneticallysuspendingtrainC.Chinahasatotallengthof25000kilometersofrailtrackD.Thenewtraintobeinservicein5yearshasnothingtodowithFuxing.【答案】4.A5.B6.A【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了中国科学家正在开发一种新的“复兴号”高速列车。列车可以自动驾驶，最高时速约600公里，内部可调，娱乐系统配有高速互联网，能适应不同铁轨的宽度。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“China’sfuturehigh-speedtrainsmightbeself-driving,withatopspeedaround600kilometerperhourandanadjustableinteriorandentertainmentsystemwithhigh-speedInternet，aseniorengineersaidonMonday.（中国未来的高速列车可能是自动驾驶的，最高时速大约600公里，内部可调，娱乐系统配有高速互联网。）”可知，乘客在高速列车上可以连接高速网络。故选A项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“firstonthelineconnectingBeijingandShanghai,hasanoperatingspeedof350km/h---theworld’sfastest.”（京沪线上的复兴号列车运行速度为350公里/小时，是世界上最快的）可以推知，debuted的意思为“亮相”，与appeared为近义词。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“ChinesescientistsaredevelopinganewmodelofFuxingthatcanadopttodifferenttrackwidths”（中国科学家正开发的新型复兴号列车可以适应不同宽度的铁轨）以及第四段“ThesenewtrainscanbeusedeffectivelyinRussia（这些新型列车可以在俄罗斯有效使用）”可知，俄罗斯的铁轨宽度可能与中国的铁轨宽度不同。故选A项。CHowcouldwepossiblythinkthatkeepinganimalsincagesinunnaturalenvironments-mostlyforentertainmentpurposes-isfairandrespectful?Zooofficialssaytheyareconcernedaboutanimals.However,mostzoosremain“collection”ofinteresting“things”ratherthanprotectivehabitats.Zoosteachpeoplethatitisacceptabletokeepanimalsbored,lonely,andfarfromtheirnaturalhomes.Zoosclaimtoeducatepeopleandsaveendangeredspecies,butvisitorsleavezooswithouthavinglearnedanythingmeaningfulabouttheanimals’naturalbehavior,intelligence,orbeauty.Zooskeepanimalsinsmallspacesorcages,andmostsignsonlymentionthespecies’name,diet,andnaturalrange.Theanimals’normalbehaviorisseldomnoticedbecausezoosdon'tusuallytakecareoftheanimals’naturalneeds.Theanimalsarekepttogetherinsmallspaces,withnoprivacyandlittleopportunityformentalandphysicalexercise.Thisresultsinunusualandself-destructivebehaviorcalledzoochosis.Aworld-widestudyofzoosfoundthatzoochosisiscommonamonganimalskeptinsmallspacesorcages.Anotherstudyshowedthatelephantsspend22percentoftheirtimemakingrepeatedheadmovementsorbitingcagebars,andbearsspend30percentoftheirtimewalkingbackandforth,asignofunhappinessandpain.Furthermore,mostanimalsinzoosarenotendangered.Captivebreeding(圈养繁殖)ofendangeredbigcats,Asianelephants,andotherspecieshasnotresultedintheirbeingsentbacktothewild.Zoostalkalotabouttheircaptivebreedingprogramsbecausetheydonotwantpeopletoworryaboutaspecies(物种)dyingout.Infact,babyanimalsalsoattractalotofpayingcustomers.Haven’tweseenenoughcompetitionstonamebabyanimals?Actually,wewillsaveendangeredspeciesonlyifwesavetheirhabitatsandputanendtothereasonspeoplekillthem.Insteadofsupportingzoos,weshouldsupportgroupsthatworktoprotectanimals'naturalhabitats.7.Inthestateofzoochosis,animals____accordingtothepassage.A.remainincages B.behavestrangely C.oftenattackotheranimals D.enjoywalkingaround8.Whatdoestheauthortrytoargueinthepassage?A.Zoosarenotworththepublicsupport.B.Zoosfailintheirattempttosaveanimals.C.Zoosshouldtreatanimalsashumanbeings.DZoosuseanimalsasameansofentertainment.9Theauthortriestopersuadereaderstoaccepthisargumentmainlyby____.A.pointingoutthefaultsinwhatzoosdoB.usingevidencehehascollectedatzoosC.questioningthewayanimalsliveD.discussingtheadvantagesofnaturalhabitats10.Althoughheisagainstzoos,theauthorwouldstillagreethat____.A.zooshavetokeepanimalsinsmallcagesB.mostanimalsinzoosareendangeredspeciesC.someendangeredanimalsarereproducedinzoosD.it'sacceptabletokeepanimalsawayfromtheirhabitats【答案】7.B8.A9.A10.C【解析】本文为议论文。文章讲述了作者对动物园的看法，表明动物园的动物并不快乐，而且呼吁我们去支持那些真正为保护野生动物栖息地的工作。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段Thisresultsinunusualandself-destructivebehaviorcalledzoochosis(这就导致了反常的自毁行为，称为动物精神病)和Anotherstudyshowedthatelephantsspend22percentoftheirtimemakingrepeatedheadmovementsorbitingcagebars,andbearsspend30percentoftheirtimewalkingbackandforth,asignofunhappinessandpain(另一项研究表明，大象用22%的时间重复头部运动或咬笼子栏杆，熊则用30%的时间来回走动，这是不快乐和痛苦的表现)可知，有动物精神病的动物行为非常的怪异。故选B。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Insteadofsupportingzoos,weshouldsupportgroupsthatworktoprotectanimals'naturalhabitats.(我们不应该支持动物园，而应该支持致力于保护动物自然栖息地的团体)可知，作者的态度是不要去支持动物园，而应该支持那些为保护动物自然栖息地而工作的团体。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。从第二，三自然段Zooofficialssaytheyareconcernedaboutanimals.However,…(动物园官员说，他们很关心动物。然而，…)，Zoosteachpeoplethatitisacceptabletokeepanimalsbored,lonely,andfarfromtheirnaturalhomes(动物园告诉人们，让动物感到无聊、孤独以及远离它们的自然家园是可以接受的)，Zoosclaimtoeducatepeopleandsaveendangeredspecies,but…(动物园声称要教育人们并拯救濒危物种，但是…)和Theanimals’normalbehaviorisseldomnoticedbecausezoosdon'tusuallytakecareoftheanimals’naturalneeds(动物的正常行为很少被注意到，因为动物园通常不会照顾动物的自然需要)等等句子中可以看出，作者罗列了一些动物园的行为事实。由此可知，作者是通过指出动物园所做的错误来表明自己的观点的，故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Zoostalkalotabouttheircaptivebreedingprogramsbecausetheydonotwantpeopletoworryaboutaspecies(物种)dyingout(动物园经常谈论他们的圈养繁殖计划，因为他们不想让人们担心一个物种会灭绝)可知，虽然作者反对动物园，但是动物园也确实进行了圈养繁殖来保证动物不会灭绝。故选C。第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项里选出能够填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有2选项为多余选项Training“smart”ismoreimportantthantheamountofdailypractice.Toooftenanathletebelievesthatthemoreheorshepractices,themoreproficienthe/shewillbecome.___11___Itcanalsobeharmfultoachievingthedesiredoutcome.Anathletewhopracticesfrequentlyandhardwithoutanoverallplanwillbemorelikelytosuffertheeffectsofovertrainingratherthanactuallyimprovingperformance.___12___Yet,bydevelopingasetofspecificgoalsandaplanforreachingthosegoals,athletescanmoreeffectivelyusetheirpracticetimeandevenreducethetimerequiredinpracticetoattaintheirgoals.Obviously,thisdoesnotmeanthatthemartialartistcanachieverankorwintournamentswithlittlepractice.___13___Settingperformancegoalsisbeneficialforanumberofreasons.___14___Whenthemartialartistisabletoobserveprogresstowardsagoalonadailyorweeklybasis,heorsheismorelikelytoremaininterestedinachievingthatgoal.Ifinstead,he/sheengagesinroutinepracticetowardsabeltrankthatissixmonthsaway,itiseasiertobecomediscouraged.Inaddition,goalsettinghelpstheathleteknowwhatisexpectedwhichallowsforgreaterattentiontoaparticularskillthatneedstobedeveloped.___15___Finally,settingrealistic,achievablegoalsincreasestheathlete’sself-confidencewhichiscrucialtotheultimateoutcomeofsuccess.Self-confidenceincreasesbecausehis/herattituderegardingsuccessbecomesmorepositiveasgoalsareaccomplished.A.Itisnotalwaysthecase.B.However,suchtrainingisineffective.C.Itreducesboredomandincreasesmotivation.D.Thus,practicebecomesmorefocusedandefficient.E.Itmeansthattheathletedoesnotneedtowastetime.F.Firstly,itrequireslesspatienceandboostsconfidence.G.Typically,theywillexperienceburn-out,exhaustion,andincreasedinjuries.【答案】11.B12.G13.E14.C15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了对于运动员来说，并不是练习的越多越好，重要的是有一个全面的计划并设定成绩目标，并阐述了设定成绩目标的好处。【11题详解】根据空格上句Toooftenanathletebelievesthatthemoreheorshepractices,themoreproficienthe/shewillbecome.可知，运动员经常认为他或她练习的越多，他或他就会变得越熟练。根据空格下句Itcanalsobeharmfultoachievingthedesiredoutcome.可知，过多的练习也可能对实现预期结果有害。由此可推断出，空格句应为转折关系的句子，说明并不是练习的越多越好，B项However,suchtrainingisineffective.意为“然而，这种训练是无效的”，能够引起下文内容。故选B项。【12题详解】根据空格上句Anathletewhopracticesfrequentlyandhardwithoutanoverallplanwillbemorelikelytosuffertheeffectsofovertrainingratherthanactuallyimprovingperformance.可知，没有一个全面的计划而只是经常练习的运动员更容易受到过度训练的影响。由此可推断出，空格句应为过度训练会给运动员带来哪些影响，G项Typically,theywillexperienceburn-out,exhaustion,andincreasedinjuries.意为“通常情况下，他们会感觉过度劳累和筋疲力尽，也会增加身体上的损伤”，选项阐述了过度训练带来的影响，能够承接上文。故选G项。【13题详解】空格上句Obviously,thisdoesnotmeanthatthemartialartistcanachieverankorwintournamentswithlittlepractice.意为“显然，这并不意味着武术家可以通过很少练习获得排名或赢得比赛。由此可推断出，后文要阐述的是这意味着……。E项Itmeansthattheathletedoesnotneedtowastetime.意为“这意味着运动员不需要浪费时间”，选项中的Itmeansthat与上文的thisdoesnotmeanthat相对照，能够承接上文，符合段落主旨，表明了没有一个全面的计划而只是经常练习，对于运动员来说是浪费时间。故选E项。【14题详解】根据空格上句Settingperformancegoalsisbeneficialforanumberofreasons.可知，设定成绩目标有很多好处。由此可推断出，下文应该阐述到底有什么好处。C项Itreducesboredomandincreasesmotivation.意为“它减少了无聊，增加了动力。”，阐述了设定成绩目标的好处，能够承接上文。后文中的heorsheismorelikelytoremaininterestedinachievingthatgoal.（他或她更有可能对继续实现这一目标感兴趣）也举例说明了设定成绩目标的好处。故选C项。【15题详解】根据空格上句Inaddition,goalsettinghelpstheathleteknowwhatisexpectedwhichallowsforgreaterattentiontoaparticularskillthatneedstobedeveloped.可知，目标设定有助于运动员了解期望的是什么，这使我们能够更加关注需要培养的特定技能。这里阐述的是目标设定有助于提高关注度，D项Thus,practicebecomesmorefocusedandefficient.意为“因此，练习变得更加集中和有效。”，进一步说明了目标设定的好处，能够承接上文，都讲述了目标设定可以提高练习的针对性和关注度。故选D项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完型填空（共20个小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Whatarethebasicelements(要素)ofgoodmanners?Certainlyastrongsenseofjusticeisone;courtesyisoften

___16___

morethanahighlydevelopedsenseoffairplay.Afriendofmineoncetoldmeof___17___alongaone-lane（单行道），unpavedmountainroad.

___18___

wasanothercarthatproducedcloudsof

choking___19___

,anditwasalongwaytothenearest

___20___

highway.Suddenly,ata

___21___

place,thecaraheadpulledofftheroad.

___22___

thatitsownermighthaveenginetrouble,myfriendstoppedandaskedifanythingwaswrong."

___23___

,"saidtheotherdriver,"butyou'veendured(忍受)mydustthisfar;I'll

___24___

withyourstherestoftheway."Anotherelementofcourtesyisempathy,a

____25____

thatenablesapersontoseeintothemindorheartofsomeoneelse,tounderstandthepainor

____26____

thereandtodosomethingtominimizeit.Aman

____27____

aloneinarestaurantwastryingtoopenthecapofabeerbottle,

____28____hecouldn'tdoitbecauseofbadlyinjured____29____.Heaskedayoungbusboytohelphim.Theboytookthebottle,turnedhisback____30____andloosenedthecapwithoutdifficulty.Thenhe

____31____

itagain.Turningbacktotheman,he

____32____

tomakegreateffortstoopenthebottlewithoutsuccess.

____33____

hetookitintothekitchenandreturnedshortly,sayingthathehadmanagedtoloosenit-butonlywithapairofpliers(钳子).Yetanotherelementofpolitenessistheabilitytotreatallpeople

____34____,inspiteofallstatusorimportance.____35____whenyouhavedoubtsaboutsomepeople,actasiftheyareworthyofyourbestmanners.Youmayalsobeastonishedtofindoutwhattheyreallyare.Courtesyisthekeytoahappierworld.16.A.nothing B.anything C.something D.nobody17.A.walking B.running C.riding D.driving18.A.Behind B.Ahead C.After D.Beside19.A.dust B.smoke C.gas D.pollution20.A.opened B.used C.paved D.repaired21.A.easier B.wider C.narrower D.bigger22.A.Hoping B.Seeing C.Recognizing D.Thinking23A.Yes B.Sure C.No D.OK24.A.doaway B.catchup C.putup D.goon25.A.tool B.way C.behavior D.quality26.A.unhappiness B.joy C.feeling D.thought27.A.dining B.singing C.working D.sitting28.A.so B.but C.why D.however29.A.legs B.arms C.fingers D.ears30.A.hurriedly B.happily C.momentarily D.secretly31.A.loosened B.took C.hid D.tightened32.A.seemed B.pretended C.managed D.tried33.A.Luckily B.Finally C.Happily D.Sadly34.A.alike B.friendly C.warmly D.nicely35.A.Ever B.Specially C.Especially D.Even【答案】16.A17.D18.B19.A20.C21.B22.D23.C24.C25.D26.A27.A28.B29.C30.C31.D32.B33.B34.A35.D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过两个故事让我们感受到礼貌的三个要素：高层次的公平意识、同理心和对所有的人都一视同仁。【16题详解】考查不定代词辨析。句意：礼貌包含哪些因素呢？强烈的正义感是一部分，礼貌只不过是高层次的公平意识。A.nothing什么事；B.anything任何事；C.something一些事；D.nobody没人。nothingmorethan相当于only，意为“只不过”，故选A。【17题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：一个朋友曾告诉我，他曾行驶在一条单行的土路上。A.walking走路；B.running跑步；C.riding骑车；D.driving开车。由下句中的“anothercar（另一辆车）”可知，作者的朋友也是开车的。故选D。【18题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：在他的前面，有一辆车掀起了呛人的尘土，他们离最近的柏油路也还有不短的距离。A.Behind后面；B.Ahead之前；C.After之后；D.Beside在…旁边。由后面的“thecarinfront那辆车在前面”可知，另一辆车应开在前面。故选B。【19题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：参考第3小题详解。A.dust灰，灰尘；B.blacksmoke黑烟；C.gas气体、汽油；D.pollution污染。由下文中的“you’vetoleratedmydustthisfar（你忍受了我的车的这么多尘土）”可知，前边的车产生的是尘土。故选A。【20题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：离最近的公路有一段很长的路。A.opened打开的；B.used使用过的；C.paved铺面的；D.repaired修理过的。根据前文出现的“unpavedmountainroad未铺过的山路”可知他们要找到最近的铺过的高速路。故选C。【21题详解】考查形容词比较级辨析。句意：在宽一点的地方，前头的车开到了一旁。A.easier简单点的；B.wider宽点的；C.narrower窄一点的；D.bigger大一点的。由下文中前边那辆车让朋友的车先过去，走前边，可知他们是在一个相对宽一点的地方。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我的朋友以为车主的发动机可能出了毛病，就把车停了下来，问他是不是车出了问题。A.Hoping希望；B.Seeing看见；C.Recognizing识别；D.Thinking认为。由另一辆车的车主告诉朋友车没事，可知朋友认为对方的车有事。故选D。【23题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：“没事儿，”那位司机说，“你跟在后面吃尘土已经这么久了，剩下的路还是让我跟在你后面吃尘土吧。”A.Yes是的；B.Sure当然；C.No没事；D.OK好的。由But后的内容可知，对方的车没事。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：参考第8小题。A.doawaywith废除；B.catchupwith赶上；C.putupwith忍受；D.goonwith继续。空格处单词与前边的tolerate（忍受）是同义词，故选C。【25题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：礼貌的另一个要素是能够理解别人的心情，这一品质能使人深入他人的思想和内心世界，理解他们感情深处的痛苦或是不幸，并尽力使之减缓。A.tool工具；B.way方法；C.behavior行为；D.quality品质。同理心是个人所具有的品质和能力，故选D。【26题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：参考第10小题。A.unhappiness不幸，痛苦；B.joy开心、快乐；C.feeling感受；D.thought。与pain痛苦并列，应表达一样的感受，故选A。【27题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：一位独自在餐厅进餐的顾客试图打开一瓶啤酒的瓶盖。A.dining就餐；B.singing唱歌；C.working工作；D.sitting坐着。由地点在餐厅及想要打开啤酒瓶盖可知，这位顾客在独自就餐。故选A。【28题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：然而，由于严重受伤的手指，他打不开瓶盖。A.so所以；B.but但是；C.why为什么；D.however然而。这个顾客想打开瓶盖却没有打开，前后是转折关系。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：参考第13小题。A.legs腿；B.arms手臂；C.fingers手指；D.ears耳朵。根据常识可知，打开瓶盖是需要用手指的，故选C。【30题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：男孩接过瓶子，立刻转过身来，毫不费力地打开了瓶盖。A.hurriedly匆忙地；B.happily快乐地；C.momentarily立刻；D.secretly秘密地。根据“withoutdifficulty没有困难”可知很快地打开了瓶盖，故选C。【31题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他接着又将其旋紧。A.loosened松开；B.took拿；C.hid隐蔽；D.tightened拧紧。由下文中的“他转过身来，假装使出很大劲还是没有拧开瓶盖。”可知，他又将瓶盖拧紧了。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他转过身来对着那个人，假装使出很大劲还是没有拧开瓶盖。A.seemed好象；B.pretended假装；C.managed试图；D.tried尝试。由他打开了，又拧紧，可知这个人是假装费劲还打不开。故选B。【33题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：最后他把那瓶酒拿到厨房，不一会就回来了，说他用了一把钳子才拧开了瓶盖。A.Luckily幸运地；B.Finally最后；C.Happily高兴地；D.Sadly悲伤地。根据事情发生的经过，最后他把那瓶酒拿到厨房，不一会就回来了，说他用了一把钳子才拧开了瓶盖。故选B。【34题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：礼貌的另一个要素，是能够不管人们的社会地位的高低或是其作用的大小，对所有的人都一视同仁。A.alike十分相像地，同样地；B.friendly友好地；C.warmly热情地，温暖地；D.nicely友好地。根据下句中的“即使对有些人你心存疑虑，也要以礼相待”可知，这里强调对所有人一视同仁。故选A。【35题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：即使对有些人你心存疑虑，也要以礼相待。A.Ever从来；B.Specially专门地，特意；C.Especially尤其，特别；D.Even甚至，即使。这里采用让步关系，进一步说明要对所有人一视同仁。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。ThefirstbestfriendIever___36___(make),atagefive,wasacompletegamechanger.Thisnewlittlefriendofmine___37___(instant)becamemypartnerofeverything.Shewasthefirstperson___38___(invite)metoplayBarbiedollsandwasthereformewhenI'dcryduringnaptime.Wehadasecrethandshake,lovedtowatchDisneymovies,andlaughedoverthingsthatweren'tveryfunnytoanyoneelse.I'malmost20andIstilldothoseverysamethingswithmygirlfriendsnow.Overtheyears,thosefriendships___39___(get)methroughbreakups,___40___(stress)schoolmoments,andtimeswhenIfeltsolowabout___41___(I)thatIbarelywantedtogooutsideandseethesunshine.___42___mygirlfriends,I'dprobablyspendmostweekendsalone,becauseIwouldn'thaveplanstogotobrunch,togooutonthetown,orjusttogoforawalkwith___43___deliciouscupofcoffeeinhand.___44___(have)goodfriendsinyourlifecanbecrucialtoyourhappinessandtheywilltellyounottobuythatT-shirt,becauseitdoesn’tshowcaseyourbesttalents.Theywilltellyou___45___thepersonyou’redatingdeservesyourtimeandyourenergy.Theywillevenpumpyouupwhenyou’refeelingdownandyou’llbelievethem,becausetheyareright,andtheyalwayswantthebestforyou.【答案】36.made37.instantly38.toinvite39.havegot40.stressful41.myself42.Without43.a44.Having45.whether/if

【解析】这一篇议论文，讲述了朋友对作者的意义。【36题详解】考查动词时态。句意：我第一个最好的朋友是在5岁的时候，他彻底改变了游戏规则。分析句子结构可知：句子的谓语为was，Iever_______为定语从句修饰先行词friend；make为从句的谓语，根据谓语was可知时态为一般过去时。故填made。【37题详解】考查副词。分析句子结构可知：设空处后为动词，用副词修饰；instant的副词为instantly“立刻”。故填instantly。【38题详解】考查非谓语作定语。句意：她是第一个邀请我玩芭比娃娃的人。分析句子结构可知：谓语为was,设空处作后置定语。thefirst后用动词不定式做后置定语；故填toinvite。【39题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：多年来，这些友谊帮助我度过了分手、压力山大的学校时光，以及那些我情绪低落到几乎不想出门去看阳光的时候。根据空前时间状语“Overtheyears”可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：have/hasdone，主语是thosefriendships，复数，助动词需用have。故填havegot。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：多年来，这些友谊帮助我度过了分手、压力山大的学校时光，以及那些我情绪低落到几乎不想出门去看阳光的时候。分析句子结构可知，空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词schoolmoments，stress的形容词为stressful“压力重的”。故填stressful。【41题详解】考查代词。分析句子结构可知主语和宾语为同一个人，故宾语采用反身代词的形式，表示我自己情绪低落的时候。故填myself。【42题详解】考查虚拟语气和介词。句意：如果没有我的女朋友们，我可能会独自度过大部分周末…。分析句意可知：设空处为without引导的“含蓄条件句”without表示“如果没有”，句首单词，首字母需大写。故填Without。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：因为我不会计划去吃早午餐，或只是带着一杯美味的咖啡去散步。分析句子结构可知，空处需用不定冠词a/an，泛指一杯美味的咖啡，delicious是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以空处需用不定冠词a。故填a。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在你的生活中，有朋友对你的快乐至关重要。分析句子的结构可知，设空处在句中作主语，应用所给词的动名词形式，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Having。【45题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他们会告诉你，你的约会对象是否值得你花时间和精力。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，设空处表示“是否”的含义，需用whether/if引导宾语从句。故填whether/if。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）46.假如你是高中生李华，你的美国笔友Jack热爱中国传统文化，最近打算来中国工作生活一段时间，但是不确定应该去往哪个城市，写信向你咨询。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括:1.你推荐的城市；2.推荐的理由(不少于两条)；3.美好祝愿。注意:1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearJack,IamsopleasedtolearnthatyouaretospendsometimeinChina.IrecommendyoustayinBeijingthecapitalandculturalcenterofChina.Thecityenjoysahighreputationforitsabundanceofancientarchitecture,whichrepresentsthetraditionallocallifestyles.Andtherearealsoplentyofmuseumswherepreciousrelicsofhistoricalinterestarewaitingforyoutoexplore.Besides,theexceptionalPekingOperaperformancestherearealsowhatyoucan’tmiss.IwishyouaveryhappyandmeaningfultimeinChina!Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【分析】考查应用文中的书信写作。【详解】题目要求假如你是高中生李华，你的美国笔友Jack热爱中国传统文化，最近打算来中国工作生活一段时间，但是不确定应该去往哪个城市，写信向你咨询。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括:1.你推荐的城市；2.推荐的理由(不少于两条)；3.美好祝愿。分析可知，应该以第一人称为主，一般现在时进行写作。要点已经给出，要求考生根据提纲自己发挥拓展，考生要先想好写哪几点，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出。描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。【点睛】这篇明信片短文的关键在于要点的拓展，同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。IamsopleasedtolearnthatyouaretospendsometimeinChina.宾语从句的运用；Thecityenjoysahighreputationforitsabundanceofancientarchitecture,whichrepresentsthetraditionallocallifestyles.定语从句的运用。第二节课后续写（满分25分）47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Thirteen-year-oldAmylosthermotherinacaraccident.ShehadnochoicebutmovedfromNewZealandtoCanadatolivewithherfatherThomas.Thomaswasaninventor,livingonafarm.HebroughtAmybacktohismessyhouse,whichhadnotbeencleanedupforyears.Mostoftheroomsinthehousewereusedforstoringhisgliders(滑翔机)andtheirparts.Oneday,AmyhappenedtoseeThomastestinghisgliderbuthesooncrashedinthesurroundingfield.Scaredandunsureifherfatherwasallright,Amyheardhisfather'sshoutoftriumph.Shecouldn'tunderstandherfatherstrangebehaviorsothatshebarelytalkedwithhim."Mynewlifeisabsolutelymiserable!"Amythoughtwithtearsinhereyes.ItwasnotuntilAmyfoundtheeggsthatherlifechanged.Whileexploringtheareaaroundthefarm,Amydiscoveredanabandonednestof16gooseeggsunderafallentree.Shegatheredalloftheeggsandbroughtthembacktothebamwhereshetookaheatinglamptoprovidelightandwarmthforthem.Oneafternoonafterschool,Amywasthrilledtodiscoveralloftheeggshadhatched.ThebabygeeseandAmylookedateachotherandabondimmediatelyformed.ThegeeseassumedAmy,thefirstthingtheysaw,wastheirmother.Amyaskedhisfather,“CanIkeepthebabygeese,please?""Yes,"Thomasagreed.Althoughheknewtherewouldbealotofchallengeswaitingf