2025年英语专八考试阅读理解专项训练：词汇语法深度解析

2025年英语专八考试阅读理解专项训练：词汇语法深度解析考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehensionDirections:Inthepassagebelow,certainwordsareunderlined.Eachunderlinedwordorphraseisfollowedbyfourchoices.Choosethebestchoice(A,B,C,orD)thatismostappropriateforeachunderlinedpart.MarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheetbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebrackets.AstudyconductedbytheUniversityofOxfordrecentlyhighlightedthecomplexinterplaybetween(1)individualcognitiveabilitiesand(2)environmentalfactorsinshapinglearningoutcomes.Theresearch,whichspannedadecade,(3)followedacohortof500childrenfromdiversesocio-economicbackgrounds,(4)monitoringtheirprogressinbothacademicandnon-academicdomains.(5)Crucially,thestudyfoundthatwhileinnatetalentcertainlyplaysarole,(6)itisthequalityofengagementwithone'ssurroundingsthatoftenactsasamoresignificantdifferentiator.Oneofthemoststriking(7)findingswastheimpactofpeerinteractionwithinthelearningenvironment.Childrenwhowereobservedtobemorecollaborative,(8)activelyparticipatingingroupprojectsanddiscussions,tendedtodemonstratefastercognitivedevelopmentcomparedtotheirmoresolitarycounterparts.Thissuggeststhatsocialdynamics,(9)oftenunderestimatedintraditionaleducationalmodels,mightbejustasimportantasaccesstoresources.Theresearchersnotedthatcollaborativelearningfostersthedevelopmentofcriticalthinkingskillsandenhancescommunicationabilities,(10)whichareindispensableinnavigatingthecomplexitiesofmodernlife.Furthermore,thestudyunderscoredtheimportanceof(11)consistentparentalinvolvement.Parentswhomaintainedanactiveroleintheirchildren'seducation,(12)throughregularengagementinhomeworkandencouragingcuriosity,seemedtoprovideafoundationalsupportsystemthat(13)amplifiedthepositiveeffectsoftheschoolenvironment.Thissupportwasn'tmerelyaboutacademicassistance;itwasmoreaboutcreatinganatmospherewherelearningwasvaluedandpursued(14)outsideofformalinstruction.Thechildreninthesefamiliesoftenexhibitedgreaterresilience(15)whenfacedwithacademicchallenges,attributingtheirperseverancetotheencouragementtheyreceivedathome.Thefindingsalsorevealeddisparitieslinkedtosocio-economicstatus.Childrenfromlower-incomebackgrounds,despiteshowingcomparableinnateabilitiesincertaincognitivetests,oftenlaggedbehindtheirmoreaffluentpeers.(16)Thisgapappearedtobesignificantlyinfluencedbyfactorssuchasaccesstostimulatingresourcesoutsideofschool,suchaslibrariesandeducationaltoys,(17)aswellasexposuretostableandenrichingenvironments.Thestudyimpliedthataddressingtheseexternalbarriersiscrucialforachievingmoreequitableeducationaloutcomes.Whilethestudyprovidesvaluableinsights,italsoemphasizestheneedforaholisticapproachtoeducation.(18)Simplyfocusingonstandardizedtestscoresoracademicperformancemightoverlookthemultifacetedfactorsthatcontributetoachild'soveralldevelopment.Therefore,educationalinstitutionsareencouragedtoincorporatemoresocialandemotionallearningcomponentsintotheircurricula,(19)recognizingthatfosteringasupportiveandcollaborativeenvironmentcanbejustastransformativeasdeliveringrigorousacademiccontent.PartIIReadingComprehensionDirections:Thefollowingpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions.Choosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestion.MarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheetbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebrackets.Theverynotionof"authenticity"inarthasbeenasubjectofintensedebateforcenturies.Traditionalistsoftenchampionitastheepitomeofartisticachievement,implyingadirect,unmediatedexpressionoftheartist'sinnerselforvision.(20)Thisperspectiveholdsthatthevalueofaworklieslargelyinitsfidelitytotheartist'soriginalintentandthetransparencyofitsemotionalcontent.Forthem,赝品(pseudomadepieces)thatreplicatethestylebutlackthe"spirit"oftheoriginalcreatorareconsideredfundamentallylesser,eveniftechnicallyskillful.However,modernartcriticsandtheoristshaveincreasinglyproblematizedthisdefinition.(21)Theyarguethattheconceptoftheartist's"originalintent"isoftenelusive,particularlywhenartistsarenolongeralivetoclarifytheirmotivations.Furthermore,themarketitselfcanactivelyshapeperceptionsofauthenticity.Apaintingfetchingmillionsatauctionmightbeperceivedasmoreauthenticsimplybecauseofitspricetagandprovenance,irrespectiveofitsintrinsicartisticmeritorconnectiontotheartist'sstatedaims.(22)Thiscreatesafascinating,perhapsevenparadoxical,situationwhereeconomicvaluecan,incertaincontexts,enhancetheperceivedauthenticityofanobject.Proponentsofamorerelativisticviewsuggestthatauthenticitymightbebetterunderstoodasaqualityperceivedbytheaudience.(23)Theemotionalandintellectualresonanceaworkevokesintheviewercanbejustasvalidameasureofitsauthenticityasanysupposedlinktoanartist'sbiography.Inthissense,amodernartistmightachieveauthenticitybydeeplyengagingwithhistoricalformsorbyexpressingprofoundcontemporaryconcerns,regardlessofdirectself-referentialism.(24)Theartwork'spowertoconnectwithhumanexperienceacrosstimeandculturescanbeseenasitsauthenticatingquality.Thisperspectivealsoopensthedoortoconsideringtheauthenticityoftheartist'sprocessitself.(25)Isapiececreatedhastilyandspontaneouslymoreauthenticthanonemeticulouslycraftedoveryears?Somearguethatthestruggle,theimperfections,andtherawnessofthecreativeactcontributesignificantlytothework'sgenuinecharacter.Incontrast,aperfectlyexecutedbutperhapsformulaicpiecemightbedeemedlessauthentic,lackingtheessential"truth"oftheartist'sengagement.Ultimately,thediscoursesurroundingartisticauthenticityrevealsdeeperquestionsaboutvalue,originality,andtheverynatureofartisticexpressionina日益相互联系(increasinglyinterconnected)world.(26)Perhapsthemostaccurateassessmentisthatauthenticityisnotafixed,singularattributebutacomplex,multi-layeredconceptthatexistsonaspectrum,interpreteddifferentlybydifferentviewersandindifferentcontexts.Itisaconceptthatcontinuestoevolve,reflectingthechangingrelationshipbetweenartists,theirworks,andtheiraudiences.1.Whatdoesthepassageprimarilydiscuss?A.ThemethodsusedbytheUniversityofOxfordinitsresearch.B.TheenvironmentalfactorsidentifiedbytheOxfordstudy.C.Theimportanceofcognitiveabilitiesandenvironmentalfactorsinlearning.D.Thesocio-economicdisparitiesobservedintheOxfordcohort.2.Accordingtothestudymentioned,whichfactorwasfoundtobeasignificantdifferentiatorinlearningoutcomes,oftenmoreimportantthaninnatetalent?A.Socio-economicbackgroundofthechildren.B.Accesstoeducationalresourceslikelibraries.C.Collaborativelearningandsocialinteraction.D.Consistentparentalinvolvementinhomework.3.Theword"solitary"inparagraph1,line8isclosestinmeaningto:A.FriendlyB.IndependentC.OutgoingD.Curious4.Whatdoesthestudysuggestaboutsocialdynamicsinthelearningenvironment?A.Theyaremoreimportantthanindividualcognitiveabilities.B.Theyshouldbeminimizedtofocusonacademics.C.Theycansignificantlyenhancecognitivedevelopment.D.Theyprimarilybenefitchildrenfromwealthyfamilies.5.Thephrase"amplifiedthepositiveeffects"inparagraph1,line13impliesthat:A.Parentalinvolvementmadetheschoolenvironmentbetter.B.Parentalsupportincreasedthebenefitsreceivedfromschool.C.Thechildrenbecamemoreinfluentialintheschool.D.Theschoolimproveditsprogramsbasedonparentalfeedback.6.Theword"resilience"inparagraph1,line15isclosestinmeaningto:A.ConfidenceB.CreativityC.PerseveranceD.Intelligence7.Whatisthemainpointofthediscussionregardingsocio-economicdisparitiesinparagraph2?A.Innateabilitiesarenotconsistentlylinkedtoperformance.B.Lower-incomechildrenlackaccesstostimulatingresources.C.Socio-economicstatussignificantlyimpactseducationaloutcomes.D.Educationaltoysarecrucialforcognitivedevelopment.8.Theword"elusive"inparagraph3,line21isclosestinmeaningto:A.ObviousB.DifficulttounderstandordefineC.RareD.Controversial9.Accordingtoproponentsofarelativisticviewinparagraph3,whatdeterminestheauthenticityofaworkofart?A.Itsconnectiontotheartist'spersonallife.B.Theaudience'semotionalandintellectualresponsetoit.C.Itspriceandhistoricalprovenance.D.Thetechnicalskilldemonstratedbytheartist.10.Thephrase"humanexperienceacrosstimeandcultures"inparagraph3,line24refersto:A.Theartist'sabilitytotravel.B.Theabilityofarttobeunderstoodbydiversepeople.C.Thehistoricalsignificanceoftheartobject.D.Theculturalbackgroundoftheartist.11.Paragraph4suggeststhat:A.Thecreativeprocessismoreimportantthanthefinalproduct.B.Hastyworkisalwaysmoreauthenticthanmeticulouswork.C.Perfectioninartisimpossibleandperhapsundesirable.D.Theartist'sstruggleisthekeytoawork'sauthenticity.12.Thepassageimpliesthattraditionalistsview赝品(pseudomadepieces)as:A.Equallyvaluableasoriginalworks.B.Technicallyskilledbutlackingoriginalspirit.C.Fundamentallylessvaluableduetolackofstyle.D.Importantforunderstandingtheartist'stechnique.13.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttherelationshipbetweeneconomicvalueandperceivedauthenticity?A.Highpricesalwaysguaranteetrueauthenticity.B.Marketvaluecaninfluencehowauthenticityisperceived.C.Authenticworksarerarelyexpensive.D.Economicsistheprimarydeterminantofauthenticity.14.Theword"self-referentialism"inparagraph3,line23wouldmostlikelybereplacedby:A.ExpressionofuniversalthemesB.ReferencetoexternalinfluencesC.Focusontheartist'spersonalexperiencesD.Useoftraditionalartistictechniques15.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeyargumentagainstthetraditionalnotionofauthenticity?A.Theartist'soriginalintentisalwaysclear.B.Artworkscangainauthenticityovertime.C.Audienceperceptionplaysasignificantrole.D.Technicalskillistheonlymeasureofvalue.16.Howdoesthepassagecharacterizethegapobservedbetweenchildrenfromdifferentsocio-economicbackgrounds?A.Itisprimarilyduetodifferencesininnateintelligence.B.Itismainlyinfluencedbythequalityofteachinginschools.C.Itissignificantlyaffectedbyenvironmentalfactorsoutsideofschool.D.Itisdirectlycorrelatedwithparentaleducationlevels.17.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheroleofmuseumsindisplayingart?A.Theyshouldfocussolelyondisplayingthemostexpensivepieces.B.Theyshouldprioritizedisplayingworksthatalignwiththeartist'sintent.C.Theymayinfluencethepublic'sperceptionofauthenticity.D.Theyareirrelevantinthedebateaboutauthenticity.18.Thephrase"holisticapproach"inparagraph4,line18isclosestinmeaningto:A.Anarrow,focusedstrategyB.Abroad,integratedperspectiveC.ApurelyacademicfocusD.Acompetitiveteachingmethod19.Whatistheauthor'smainpointregardingtheevolutionoftheconceptofauthenticity?A.Ithasbecomelessimportantinmoderntimes.B.Itisafixedconceptthatcannotchange.C.Itreflectsthechangingrelationshipbetweenartistsandaudiences.D.Itissolelydeterminedbymarkettrends.20.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthevalueofaworkofartaccordingtotraditionalists?A.Itsvalueliesinitshistoricalsignificance.B.Itsvalueisdeterminedbyitsmarketprice.C.Itsvalueprimarilycomesfromitsconnectiontotheartist'sinnerself.D.Itsvalueincreaseswithageandwear.21.Theword"problematic"inparagraph3,line21isclosestinmeaningto:A.InterestingB.DifficulttodealwithorunderstandC.SurprisingD.Controversial22.Accordingtothepassage,whatcreatesaparadoxicalsituationregardingauthenticity?A.Artistssometimesfailtoachievetheirstatedaims.B.Economicvaluecanenhanceperceivedauthenticity.C.Modernartoftenlackshistoricalconnection.D.Criticsoftendisagreewithtraditionalists.23.Thephrase"emotionalandintellectualresonance"inparagraph3,line23impliesthat:A.Theartworkmakestheaudiencefeelsomethingandthinkdeeply.B.Theartworkresonatesphysicallywiththeaudience.C.Theartworkhasastrongelectricalcharge.D.Theaudiencefeelsemotionallyconnectedbutintellectuallybored.24.Howdoesthepassagecharacterizetheauthenticatingqualityofaworkofart?A.Itisbasedontheartist'sfame.B.Itdependsontheartwork'shistoricalorigin.C.Itrelatestotheartwork'sconnectiontohumanexperience.D.Itisdeterminedbythematerialsusedinitscreation.25.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheconnectionbetweentheartist'sprocessandtheauthenticityofthework?A.Onlyperfectlycraftedworkscanbeauthentic.B.Theartist'spersonallifeisthesoledeterminantofauthenticity.C.Thestruggleandimperfectionsinthecreativeactcancontributetoauthenticity.D.Modernartistsarelessauthenticthanhistoricalones.26.Whatistheauthor'sfinalassessmentoftheconceptofartisticauthenticity?A.Itisasimpleconceptthatiseasilydefined.B.Itisacomplexandevolvingconceptinterpreteddifferentlybyvariousgroups.C.Itisprimarilyamatterofpersonalopinion.D.Itisirrelevantinthecontextofmodernart.试卷答案1.C2.C3.B4.C5.B6.C7.C8.B9.B10.B11.C12.B13.B14.C15.C16.C17.C18.B19.C20.C21.D22.B23.A24.C25.C26.B解析1.CThepassageprimarilydiscussestheimportanceofbothindividualcognitiveabilitiesandenvironmentalfactorsinshapinglearningoutcomes,asindicatedbythefocusontheOxfordstudy'sfindingsregardingthesetwoareas.2.CThestudyfoundthatcollaborativelearningandsocialinteraction,morethaninnatetalent,actasasignificantdifferentiatorinlearningoutcomes,asstatedinparagraph1,lines7-9.3.BSolitaryinthiscontextmeansspendingtimealoneorwithoutcompanions,whichistheoppositeofbeingoutgoingorfriendly.Itimpliesthechildrenwhowerenotcollaborative.4.CThestudysuggeststhatsocialdynamics,suchascollaborativelearning,cansignificantlyenhancecognitivedevelopment,asnotedinparagraph1,lines7-9.5.BThephrase"amplifiedthepositiveeffects"meansthatparentalinvolvementincreasedthebenefitsthechildrenreceivedfromtheschoolenvironment.6.CResiliencereferstotheabilitytorecoverquicklyfromdifficulties,whichalignswithperseveranceinthefaceofacademicchallenges.7.CThemainpointofthediscussionisthatsocio-economicstatussignificantlyimpactseducationaloutcomes,ashighlightedbythedisparitybetweenlower-andhigher-incomechildren'sperformance.8.BElusivemeansdifficulttounderstandordefine,referringtotheartist'soriginalintentbeinghardtopindown.9.BProponentsofarelativisticviewarguethattheauthenticityofaworkisdeterminedbytheaudience'semotionalandintellectualresponsetoit,asstatedinparagraph3,lines23-24.10.BThephrase"humanexperienceacrosstimeandcultures"referstotheabilityofarttobeunderstoodandresonateswithdiversepeopleregardlessoftheirbackground.11.CParagraph4suggeststhatwhilethecreativeprocessisimportant,perfectionisnotalwaysdesirable,implyingthatauthenticartmightincludeimperfections.12.BTraditionalistsview赝品aslackingtheoriginalspiritoftheartist,eveniftheyaretechnicallyskilled,asindicatedinparagraph3,lines25-26.13.BThepassagesuggeststhatmarketvaluecaninfluencehowauthenticityisperceived,creatingasituationwhereeconomicvalueenhancesperceivedauthenticity.14.CSelf-referentialismmeansfocusingontheartist'spersonalexperiencesandfeelingsintheartwork,asopposedtouniversalthemesorexternalinfluences.15.CThepassagearguesthataudienceperceptionplaysasignificantroleindeterminingauthen