2015-2019五年高考英语语法填空词性转换总结

2015-2019五年高考英语语法填空词性转换总结词性转换一直以来都是高考英语语法填空的必考点。这一考点涉及到构词法，尤其是词的派生。因此掌握好词性转化的规律以及相应的解题技巧对提分有非常大的作用。2020--2023我想大多数老师都讲得太多，今天我们一起来回顾2015-2019高考词性转换是如何考的？一、五年考点分类总结1.

形容词

→

副词poor—poorly；final—finally；huge—hugely；easy—easily；actual—actually；fair—fairly；certain—certainly；official—officially；regular—regularly；gradual—gradually；slow—slowly2.

动词

→

名词believe—belief；compete—competition；connect—connection；pollute—pollution；weigh—weight；introduce—introduction；educate—education；attract—attraction；achieve—

achievement；develop—development3.

名词

→

形容词

wonder—wonderful；tradition—traditional；meaning—meaningful；globe—global；success—successful；care—careful；nature—natural；energy—energetic4.

动词

→

形容词afford—affordableshine—shiny/shining；5.

形容词

→

名词able—ability6.

名词

→

动词strength—strengthen7.

名词

→

名词（人）science—scientist二、解题技巧各词性间的修饰关系→词性分类：名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、介词、连词(1)冠+名词（单）(2)（形容词性物主代词、形容词、序数词）→名词(3)动词、形容词、副词、句子←副词(4)系动词→

adj./n.(5)情态动词：+V原（在语法及改错题型中需向→语态或向词性方向考虑）(6)介词

+n./

代/Ving(7)连词：连接两个相等结构，如同类词性、短语、句子三、常见前缀后缀盘点前缀一般改变词义而不改变词性；后缀一般改变词性而不改变词义。后缀副词后缀

副词后缀

-ly：absolutely,completely,exactly,extremely,frequently,obviously,particularly,similarly,suddenly形容词后缀

-able/-ible：reasonable,flexible,reliable,valuable,accessible,considerable

-ive：effective,sensitive,attractive,impressive

-al/-ial：practical,

beneficial,financial,facial,mental,personal

-ate：considerate,fortunate

-ful：powerful,successful,wonderful,fearful,respectful,skillful,thoughtful,shameful

-ly：likely,lively,lonely,deadly,elderly,hourly,yearly,

daily

-ent：confident,convenient,independent,different,violent

-less:countless,homeless,useless,breathless,effortless,selfless

-y:guilty,healthy,hungry,sleepy,tasty,thirsty,wealthy,worthy,dusty

-ic：energetic,scientific,fantastic

-ary/-ory：contradictory,documentary,imaginary

-ous：obvious,various,adventurous,ambitious,courageous,disastrous,mountainous名词后缀

-ity/-ty/-y：curiosity,responsibility,safety,security,similarity,necessity

-ance/-ence：appearance,performance,acceptance,confidence,preference,significance

-sion/-tion：contribution,decision,impression,admission,concentration,discussion,donation

-th：strength,depth,growth,length,warmth,width

-ment：achievement,treatment,amusement,arrangement,excitement,improvement

-ure/-ture/-ature：failure,pressure,exposure,mixture,signature

-ing：building,suffering,understanding,warning

-al：approval,arrival,survival

-cy：accuracy,fluency,frequency,privacy

-ness：awareness,coldness,weakness动词后缀

-ate:concentrate,accelerate,advocate,regulate

-(e)n:broaden,fasten,frighten,sharpen,strengthen,darken,deepen,harden,lengthen

-(i)fy：satisfy,clarify,classify,identify,qualify,simplify,terrify

-ize/

-ise:apologize,organize,realize,recognize名词后缀（人）

-ar/-er/-or：conductor,director,engineer,beggar,employer,instructor,interviewer,lawyer,liar

-ist：artist,novelist,specialist,tourist,pianist,

scientist,violinist

-ant

：accountant,assistant,servant前缀

anti-

反对，对抗；相反；防(止)：anti-aging,anti-anxiety,anti-virus,antifreeze

dis-

不，否定，相反：disadvantage,discourage,dishonest,dislike,disorder

il-/im-/in-/ir-

不，非，无：illegal,impatient,impossible,inexpensive,immoral,inconvenient,irregular

mis-

错误的；坏的；不，相反：misfortune,misunderstand,mislead,mistrust

non-

无，不，非：nonprofit,nonsense,nonsmoking,nonstop,non-recycling

un-

不；表示相反的动作：unable,unexpected,unfortunate,unusual,unfair,unforgettable,unnecessary

co-

和……一起，共同：cooperate,co-discover,co-renter,co-worker

en-

使处于……状态，使具有……特性；围住：enable,encourage,enjoy,endanger,enlarge,enrich,ensure

extra-

在……之外，超出；非常，格外：extraordinary,

extra-large,extra-strong

inter-

在……之间，相互：interrupt,interview,

interaction,international,Internet,interval

micro-

极小的，微小的：microbiology,microphone,microscope,microwave

mini-

(同类中)

特小的，微型的：minibus,minicomputer,miniskirt

multi-

多于一的，多的：

multimedia,multinational,multitask

pre-

在……之前，预先：predict,

prejudice,prepaid,preview

re-

再，重新：remind,remove,replace,return,review,react,reaction

tele-

远

(距离)

的；电视的；使用电话的：telephone,telescope,television,telesales

trans-

横穿，横贯；表示变化：transform,translate,transport,transportation,transplant2015--2019五年高考语法填空词性转换总结2019

年2019

全国

IItisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen

62

(poor)studied.

InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavuthavereportedincreasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa

66

(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.

2019

全国

II

卷Heryearsofhardworkhave

63

(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire’sWomanOfTheYear.

Wearesoproudofher.It’s

70

(wonder).

2019

全国

III

卷Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting

66

(compete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.Theyalsosharedwithusmany

67

(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere

68

(huge)popularwithtourists.

2019

浙江Whenthechildrenarewalkingorcyclingtoschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscan

60

(easy)seethem.

OtherAmericanstudiesshowedno

64

(connect)betweenuniformsandschoolperformance.

Schooluniformsare

65

(tradition)inBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.

2019

北京Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend,andit’snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand

10

(meaning)collegeexperience.

2018年2018

全国

I卷Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto

68

(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit’salways

69

(energy).

2018

全国

II

卷Atasteformeatis

63

(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.

Thisswitchhasdecreased

66

(pollute)inthecountry’smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.

AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal

67

(globe)fertilizerconsumption.

2018

全国

III

卷MynameisMireyaMayor.I’ma

66

(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.

2018

浙江卷Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe

62

(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.

Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein

64

(weigh)problems.

2017年2017

全国

I

卷Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be

69

(care)nottogotoextremes.

2017

全国

II

卷Steamengineswereused

topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen

66

(fair)

unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.

Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe

69

(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost

70

(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.

2017

全国

III

卷Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher

66

(educate).

Idon’twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.

Itis

70

(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.

2017

浙江卷Butsomethingmadeherlookcloser,andshenoticeda

57

(shine)object.2016年2016

全国

I

卷Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia’sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop

61

(attract).

Thetitlewillbe

63

(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.

2016

全国

II

卷Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(识别)thoseof

greaterandlessimportance.Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou’llfeelarealsenseof

42

(achieve).

Recent

studies

showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks

47

(regular).

2016

全国

III

卷Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich

46

(gradual)

turnedintochopsticks.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,

wholivedfromroughly551to479B.C.

influencedthe

48

(develop)

ofchopsticks.2015年2015

全国

I

卷Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit

69

(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople

livinginShanghaiandHongKong.

2015

全国

II

卷Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir

63

(able)to“aircondition”

ahousewithout

usingelectricequipment.

Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotda