清华大学考研英语试卷

清华大学考研英语试卷考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________试卷名称：清华大学考研英语试卷考核对象：报考清华大学英语专业硕士研究生考生题型分值分布：-判断题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-单选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-多选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-案例分析（总共3题，每题6分）总分18分-论述题（总共2题，每题11分）总分22分总分：100分---一、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassivevoiceshouldalwaysbeavoidedinacademicwriting.2.Theterm"metaphor"referstoadirectcomparisonbetweentwounlikethings.3.Thestructure"subject+verb+object"isuniversalinallEnglishsentences.4.Thearticle"the"isusedbeforesingularnounsthatarespecific.5.Thesubjunctivemoodiscommonlyusedinconditionalsentences.6.Theadverb"very"canmodifyadjectivesandadverbs.7.Thephrase"byandlarge"means"mostly"or"generally."8.Theidiom"bitethebullet"implies"tofaceadifficultsituationwithcourage."9.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatbeganinthepastandcontinuetothepresent.10.Theword"ambiguity"referstothequalityofbeingclearanddefinite.二、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthepastperfecttense?A.Shewrotealetteryesterday.B.Hehadfinishedtheworkbeforethemeeting.C.Theywillgototheparktomorrow.D.Themoviestartedat7PM.2.Whatistheprimarypurposeofathesisstatementinanessay?A.Tointroducetheauthor'sbackground.B.Tosummarizethemainargument.C.Toprovidesupportingevidence.D.Toentertainthereader.3.Whichwordbestcompletesthesentence:"Thenovel's_______madeitabestseller."A.plotB.characterC.themeD.setting4.Whatisthemeaningof"paradigmshift"?A.Asuddenchangeinperspectiveormethodology.B.Arepetitionofthesameidea.C.Adetailedanalysisofaproblem.D.Acollectionofrelatedtheories.5.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofagerund?A.EatingB.ToeatC.EatD.Eaten6.Whatisthecorrectformoftheverbinthesentence:"IfI_______you,Iwouldapologize."A.amB.wereC.isD.are7.Theword"ubiquitous"means:A.rareB.commonC.invisibleD.unnecessary8.Whichsentenceusesparallelstructurecorrectly?A.Shelikesreading,towrite,andjogging.B.Heistall,intelligent,andhasagoodsenseofhumor.C.Thebookisinteresting,itisengaging,anditisthought-provoking.D.Theywenttothestore,boughtgroceries,andthenreturnedhome.9.Whatisthepurposeofanabstractinaresearchpaper?A.Toprovidedetailedmethodology.B.Tosummarizethekeyfindings.C.Tointroducetheauthor'spersonallife.D.Tocriticizeexistingliterature.10.Thephrase"aHerculeantask"implies:A.aneasyjobB.ataskrequiringimmensestrengthoreffortC.ataskthatisunnecessaryD.ataskthatcanbecompletedquickly三、多选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingarecommonfeaturesofacademicwriting?A.FormaltoneB.UseofidiomsC.ClearstructureD.PersonalopinionsE.Crediblecitations2.Whatarethemaincomponentsofapersuasiveessay?A.ThesisstatementB.CounterargumentsC.EmotionalappealsD.LogicalreasoningE.Personalanecdotes3.Whichwordsareexamplesofadverbs?A.QuicklyB.BeautifullyC.VeryD.LoudE.Bright4.Whatisthepurposeofatransitionwordinwriting?A.ToaddnewinformationB.ToshowcontrastC.ToindicatetimesequenceD.ToemphasizeapointE.Tointroduceaconclusion5.Whichofthefollowingaretypesoffigurativelanguage?A.SimileB.MetaphorC.HyperboleD.AlliterationE.Scientificformula6.Whatshouldbeincludedinaresearchpaper'sintroduction?A.BackgroundinformationB.ResearchquestionC.PersonalinterestsD.HypothesisE.Methodology7.Whichwordsaresynonymsfor"significant"?A.ImportantB.NotableC.MinorD.SubstantialE.Trivial8.Whatarethebenefitsofusingtheactivevoiceinwriting?A.ClarityB.ConcisenessC.BrevityD.ComplexityE.Formality9.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofconditionalsentences?A.Ifitrains,wewillcancelthepicnic.B.Shestudieshardbecauseshewantstopasstheexam.C.Unlessyouhurry,youwillmissthebus.D.IwouldhavegonetothepartyifIhadknownaboutit.E.Hewillcallyouwhenhearrives.10.Whatarecommonmistakesinacademicwriting?A.OveruseofpassivevoiceB.LackofcitationsC.GrammaticalerrorsD.PersonalpronounsE.Creativelanguage四、案例分析（每题6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy:Astudentwritesthefollowingparagraph:"Theclimatechangeproblemisserious.Manyscientistssaythatglobalwarmingwillcauseextremeweather.Ifwedonotactnow,theconsequenceswillbeterrible.Wemustreducecarbonemissionsandprotectnaturalhabitats.Otherwise,futuregenerationswillsuffer."Questions:a.Whatisthemainideaoftheparagraph?b.Howcouldthestudentimprovetheparagraph'scoherence?c.Whattypeofsentencestructureisusedinthesecondsentence?2.CaseStudy:Aresearchpaperincludesthefollowingsentence:"Theexperimentyieldedambiguousresults,whichweredifficulttointerpretduetothelackofacontrolgroup."Questions:a.Whatisthemeaningof"ambiguous"?b.Howcouldtheauthormakethesentencemoreprecise?c.Whatgrammaticalerrorispresentinthesentence?3.CaseStudy:Athesisstatementreads:"Thispaperarguesthatsocialmediahasbothpositiveandnegativeimpactsonteenagers,butthenegativeeffectsaremoresignificantinthelongterm."Questions:a.Whatistheauthor'smainargument?b.Howcouldthestatementbemademoreconcise?c.Whattypeofessaywouldthisthesisstatementsupport?五、论述题（每题11分，共22分）1.Discusstheimportanceofusingtransitionwordsinacademicwriting.Provideexamplestosupportyouranswer.2.Explainthedifferencebetweentheactiveandpassivevoice.Whenshouldeachbeusedinacademicwriting?Provideexamples.---标准答案及解析一、判断题1.×(Thepassivevoicecanbeusefulinacademicwritingwhentheactorisunknownorirrelevant.)2.×(Ametaphorisanimpliedcomparison,e.g.,"Timeismoney.")3.×(Somelanguagesusedifferentstructures,e.g.,subject-verb-objectinEnglishbutverb-subject-objectinJapanese.)4.√5.√6.√7.√8.√9.√10.×("Ambiguity"meansunclearoruncertain.)二、单选题1.B2.B3.A4.A5.A6.B7.B8.D9.B10.B三、多选题1.A,C,E2.A,B,D3.A,B,C4.B,C,D5.A,B,C,D6.A,B,D7.A,B,D8.A,B,C9.A,C,D10.A,B,C,D四、案例分析1.a.Themainideaisthatclimatechangeisaseriousproblemwithsevereconsequencesifnotaddressed.b.Theparagraphcouldbeimprovedbyusingtransitionwords(e.g.,"First,""Second,""However")tolinkideasmoresmoothly.c.Thesecondsentenceusesasimplesubject-verb-objectstructure("Manyscientistssay").2.a."Ambiguous"meansunclearoropentomorethanoneinterpretation.b.Thesentencecouldbemademoreprecisebyspecifyingthecauseofambiguity(e.g.,"Theexperimentyieldedambiguousresults,asthelackofacontrolgroupmadeitimpossibletoisolatevariables.").c.Thegrammaticalerroristhecommasplice(usingacommatojointwoindependentclauseswithoutaconjunction).3.a.Theauthorarguesthatwhilesocialmediahasbothpositiveandnegativeeffects,thenegativesaremoresignificant.b.Thestatementcouldbemademoreconcise(e.g.,"Thispaperarguesthatsocialmedia'snegativeimpactsonteenagersoutweighthepositives.").c.Thisthesiswouldsupportapersuasiveorargumentativeessay.五、论述题1.ImportanceofTransitionWordsinAcademicWriting:Transitionwordsareessentialinacademicwritingastheycreatelogicalconnectionsbetweensentencesandparagraphs,improvingcoherenceandreadability.Forexample,"However"introducesacontrast(e.g.,"Thestudyshowedpositiveresults;h