名词性从句（知识梳理+高频考点+进阶分级练）（讲义全国适用）-高中英语学业水平考试合格考总复习（原卷及全解全析）

专题09名词性从句

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必备知识梳理1

高频考点精讲7

进阶分级练13

\）

!学考要求速览

核心知识掌握要求：高考明确要求考生系统掌握名词性从句的四类基本类型及用法——主语从句、

宾语从句、表语从句需熟练运用，同位语从句需理解基本规则。核心考点聚焦连接词的辨析与运用，包括that

（无意义不充当成分）、what（表”……的”且作成分）、wheiher/if（表是否"）及wh-系列连接词

（who/why/how等）的区别，同时需掌握句子语序、否定前移、时态呼应等规则，以及名词性从句与定语

从句、状语从句的界限划分。例如that在主语从句、表语从句中不可省略，而宾语从句中可省略；what在

从句中必作主语、宾语等成分，这是高频考查的易混点。

命题形式与考查侧重：考查主要分布在语法填空、短文改错两大题型，写作中也常需运用以提升表达

准确性。从命题规律看，宾语从句考查频率最高（10年17考），其次是表语从句、主语从句，同位语从

句考查相对较少，但均以连接词选择为核心设问方向。近五年真题显示，what的用法考查最频繁（5年5

考），wh。、how、why等连接词的考查累计达7次，且命题均融入具体语境，要求结合上下文判断从句类

型与逻辑关系，而非单纯考查语法结构。

语境运用与细节规范：高考强调名词性从句在语境中的实际运用能力，如语法填空中需根据从句成分

缺失情况选择连接词（缺主语用what,缺状语用how）,短文改错中常涉及that多余、whether与if误

用等问题。同时注重固定句型与细节规范，如主语从句常用it作形式主语的句型（Itisob、Musthat...）、表

语从句的固定结构（Thereasonisthat...）,以及宾语从句的时态呼应原则（主句为过去时，从句用相应过去

时态，客观真理除外）。这些要求既考查基础语法知识，更侧重考生在语篇中准确运用从句的综合能力。

\必备知识梳理\

知设点一主语从句

主语从句：在句中充当主语

主语从句可位于句首，也可借助“it”作形式主语，将真正主语从句后置（避免句子头重脚轻）。

引导词在从句中所作成分例句

Thathewillcometoourvillagetomorrowsurprises

that不作任何成分（也没有词汇意义）

usall.他明天来我们村，让我们都很惊讶。

Whetherwecanhavecleandrinkingwaterdepends

onwhateffectivemeasureswillbetakenbythe

whether不作任何成分（意为是否）

governmentaboutwaterpollution.我们是否有干净

的水喝，取决于政府关于水污染采取什么有效措施。

续表

引导词在从句中所作成分例句

Whateverisworthdoingatallis

worthdoingwell.凡是值得做的

事，就值得做好。

what/whatever,who/whoever主语、宾语、表语Whoeverisinahurryshowsthat

thethingheisaboutistoobigfor

him.不管是谁，匆匆忙忙只能说

明他不足以胜任他所从事的工作。

Howhebecamerichovernightis

stillapuzzle.他是如何一夜暴富

仍然是一个谜。

when»where,how,why状语Wherewewillgofor(heholidayis

beingdiscussedattheclass

meeting.我们正在班会上讨论将

去哪里度假。

Whichgroupdidthebestjobwill

bedecidedafterthematch.哪一个

小组做得最好，比赛后才能决定。

which/whichever+名词，whose定语Whosespeechispopulardepends

onthereflectionfromrheaudience.

谁的演讲最受欢迎，取决于听众的

反应。

知浜点二宾语从句

宾语从句：在句中充当宾语（常跟在动词、介词后）

1.动词后的宾语从句：常见动词有say,think,believe,know,wonder,decide等。

例句1:Shetoldmethatshewouldstudyabroadnextyear.（她告诉我她明年要出国留学。）（that可省略）

例句2：Iwonderif/whctherhewillcallmetonight.（我想知道他今晚是否会给我打电话。）（表“是否”可

用if/whether,无区别）

例句3：Hedoesn'tknowwhatheshoulddonext.（他不知道接下来该做什么。）（what在从句中作宾语）

2.介词后的宾语从句：常见介词有about,of,on,in等，此时不可用if,需用whether；that不可省略。

例句1：Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweshouldchangeourplan.（我们正在讨论是否应该改变计划。）（不

可用if）

例句2：Ihavenoideaofwhatheisdoingnow.（我不知道他现在在做什么。）

例句3：SheisconfidentinihMshecanpass[heexam.（她有信心能通过考试。）（that不可省略）

引导词在从句中所作成分例句

Imightsaythatsuccessiswonbythree

不作任何成分（也没things:first,effort;second,moreeffort;

that

有词汇意义）third,stillmoreeffort.我可以说成功要靠

三件事才能赢得：努力，努力，再努力。

Myquestionliesinwhetherwecangetthe

不作任何成分（意为

if/whethermoney.我的问题是我们是否能得到那笔

“是否"）

资金。

PleasedowhatItoldyou.请你按照我说

的去做。

what/whatcvcr>who/whocvcr主语、宾语、表语CanIspeaktowhoeverisinchargeofthe

company?我可以和公司负责人谈一下

吗？

Theauthoritydoesn'ttellwhenthe

registrationwillstartonline.官方并没有

透露何时开始在线注册。

when,where,how,why状语

Themanagementstillhavenotdecidedon

wherewewillholdthemeeting.管理层仍

未决定我们在哪里举行会议。

续表

引导词在从句中所作成分例句

Itoldhimhecouldchoosewhicheverseat

helikesinourmeetingroom.我告诉他，

他可以在我们会议室选择任何一个他喜

which/whichever,欢的座位。

定语

whoseIdon'tknowwhoseexercisebookitis,so

Ican'ttellwhichstudentdoesn'thandin

hishomework.我不知道这是谁的作业

本，所以不能断定哪个学生没有交作业。

知识点三表语从句

表语从句：在句中充当表语

表语从句跟在系动词后（常见系动词：be,look,seem,become,turn等），表语从句的引导词用法与主语

从句基本一致，需注意两点：①表“是否”时用whether,不用if；②常用固定句型“thisiswhy...（这

就是……的原因）”"thereasonisthat…（原因是……）

引导词在从句中所作成分例句

Thetragedyoftheworldisthat

thosewhoarcimaginativehavebut

slightexperience,andthosewhoare

that不作任何成分（也没有词汇意义）experiencedhavefeeble

imagination.世界的悲剧就在于有

想象力的人缺乏经验，而有经验的

人缺乏想象力。

续表

引导词在从句中所作成分例句

Myquestioniswhetherthey

不作任何成分（意为“是willsupporttheplan.我的问

whether

否”）题是他们是否会支持这个计

划。

Experienceiswhatyouget

whenyoudon'tgetwhatyou

want.经验是当你没得到想

what/whatcvcr»which,who主语、宾语、表语得到之物时所得到的东西。

Thequestioniswhowill

offertohelp.问题是谁愿意

主动提供帮助。

Thisiswhyhedidn'tattend

theclasstheotherday,这就

when,where,how,why状语

是为什么他前几天没有来上

课的原因。

Thequestioniswhenhecan

arrivethehotel.问题是他什

么时候能到达宾馆。

Whatconcernsparentsmost

iswhichactivitybenefitsthe

childrenmost.家长关注的

是哪种活动对孩子们最有

which/whichever,whose定语益。

Theissueiswhosedesignis

popularwithmoststudents.

问题是谁的设计最受学生欢

迎。

注意：because,asif/asthough也能引导表语从句。

知识点四同位语从句

同位语从句：在名词后作同位语，解释说明该名词的具体内容（常见名词：fact,news,idea,plan,suggestion,

truth,doubt等）

引导词特点:①常用that引导，that无实际含义，不充当成分，不可省略;②表“是否”时用whether,

不用if；③连接副词when/where/why可引导，需结合名词含义选择（如news后可用when/where,doubt

后可用whether）o

例句：

Thenewsthatourteamwonthegamemadeeveryoneexcited.（我们队赢了比赛的消息让所有人都很兴奋。）

（that解释news的内容，不可省略）

Ihaveadoubtwhetherhewillkeephispromise.（我怀疑他是否会遵守承诺。）（doubt后用whether,表

“不确定”）

Heputforwardasuggestionthatweshouldholdacharitysale.（他提出了一个建议：我们应该举办一场义

卖。）（that解释suggestion的内容）

Doyourememberthedaywhenwevisitedthemuseumtogether?（你还记得我们一起参观博物馆的那--天

吗？）（when引导同位语从句，解释day的具体时间）

引导词在从句中所作成分例句

ThenewsthathewontheNobelPrizespread

that不作任何成分（也没有词汇意义）

quickly.他获得诺贝尔奖的消息迅速传开。

续表

引导词在从句中所作成分例句

Ihavenoideawhetherhegraduatedfrom

whether不作任何成分（意为“是否”）

university.我不知道他是否大学毕业了。

1havenoideawhattheydidwiththemselveslast

what主语、宾语、表语

Sunday.我不知道上周日他们如何度过的。

续表

引导词在从句中所作成分例句

Ihavenoideawhentheyareaskedto

when/where/how/why状语handintheirpapers.我不知道他们被

要求什么时候交论文。

注意：同位语从句前面的名词往往是表示事实的抽象名词，说明这些名词的内容。

belief信念hope希望news消息

advice建议idea想法order命令

doubt怀疑fact事实possibility可能性

wish愿望promise诺言thought想法

｝高频考点精讲（

考点一：主语从句

典型例题•

例1.（2021•新高考I卷）issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout—of—this

—worldscenes.

例2.（2020•江苏高考）Itisnotaproblemwecanwinthebattle;ifsjustamatterof

time.

例J3.exactlythepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain,butitwasprobablyaround1565.

即时演练・

1.doesnotkillyouwillmakeyoustronger!HuaweiwithstoodstrictsanctionsfromtheUSgovernment,

andnowisabletoproduceitsown5Gphones.

2.Itiswell-knowntheChineseinventedthecompass.

3.thistrendsuggestsisthatpeople'sshifttoremoteworkcontributestotheslowreboundofthesenior

housingmarket.

4.Howcanyoufigureoutwhethertoavoidortofaceuptoyourfeelings?Dr.Kross,anemotionresearcher,

suggestedaskingyourscll;"IsI'mdoingmakingmefbclbetterabouttheprobleminfrontofme?”

考点二：宾语从句

典型例题•

彳列I.Theteachermakesitarulenooneisallowedtousemobilephonesinclass.

例2.AIleamsfromourhabits(ohelpusfindwewantandlike.

例3.Ihaveseenvigorouslytheygrowwithoutme.

即时演练・

1.Idon'tknowhewillcomenot.

2.Thiswillallowyoutoseegenres(类型)workforyourgroup.

3.Peopletravelthousandsofkiloireterstosectheaurora,andtheycanneverbesureitwill

happen.Butdoseeitsay(hattheywillneverforgetii.

4.Anentrepreneurcandetermineotherbusinessesintheareaaredoingandhowtheysucceedby

conductingacompetitiveanalysis.

5.Herememberswhenhewantedtotakeabath,hehadtoheatthewaterupwithfirewoodandthen

transportthewaterinabuckettothebathtub.

考点三：表语从句

典型例题•

例I.Iwillattendanimportantmeeting,andthisisIcan'tgotothebookstorewithyou.

例2.Whatwecansayisthatthisis(hebrainslooklikeofkidswhospendalotoftimeonscreens.And

it'snotjustonepattern.

例3.WhatstruckmedeeplywasEnglishsurroundedinconcemore,apersistentreflectionofthe

familiarityIdidn'trealizeI'dgrowntiredof.

即时演练・

1.MysuggestionisyoushoulddomorepracticeinthemorningtopromoteyourspokenEnglish.

2.MyfirsttermofcollegehadpassedatlastandIgotstraightA's.That'sIwanttosharemystory——to

helpotherstudentsfeellesslonely.

3.MyopinionisteenageyearsarctotallymagicalandIdliketobeateenagerforever.

4.Thal'smostpelcalsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheirownerswerearoundanyothercats,which

theydon'tusuallylike.

5.Thereasonforhisabsenceatthemeetingwashedidn'tcatchthefirstbus.

考点四：同位语从句

典型例题•

例1.Thestoryalsosupportstheideatheballgamewassometimesusedforthepurposesofdivination.

例2.TheteachergaveusasuggestionweshouldpracticewritinganEnglishessayregularlytoimprove

ourskills.

例3.Thereisageneralbeliefsittingforalongtimedoesdamagetoourhealth.

即时演练・

1.Somanyofushavethebeliefbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,...

2.ThereislittledoubtChinahaspresentedtotheworldasuccessfulandpowerfulcountry.

3.Thereisstillsomedoubt(heautumnsportsmeetwillbeheldinourschool.

4.Peopleusedtoholdthebelieftheearthwasthecenteroftheuniverse.

5.Ihavenoideashewillcomeornot.

一、单项选择

1.Thereasonwhyhewaslateishisbikebrokedownontheway.

A.becauseB.thatC.forD.as

2.Heaskedme________1wasreadingatthattime.

A.thatB.whatC.whereD.when

3.Idon'tunderstandyousaidjustnow.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.how

4.Iwanttoknowyouwillcomebackat8:00tomorrow.

A.thatB.whenC.whetherD.where

5.isknowntousallisthatthe2024OlympicswillbeheldinParis.

A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which

6.Mentalhealthinvolvesyouprocessthingssuchasstressandanxiety.

A.howB.whatC.whyD.which

7.ShesaidshewouldgotoBeijingthenextday.

A.thatB.whatC.ifD.where

8.hemanagedtofinishthemarathoninspiredhisclassmalestopushtheirlimitsinsports.

A.WhatB.ThatC.WhetherD.When

9.Thegroupofdancersdiscussedtheyshoulddonexttoimprovetheirperformance.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether

10.Martinsavedawomanfromaburninghouselastweek.Thatwashewaspraisedandawardedaprize

atthepresentationyesterday.

A.whyB.whatC.becauseD.how

11.Sheherhomeworkwhenthepowerwasoffandthatwasshewassoangry.

A.isdoing;becauseB.wasdoing;because

C.wasdoing;whyD.isdoing;why

12.Thereasonwhyhemadesuchgreatprogressishealwayskeptanopenmindtonewideas.

A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.when

13.Withhisconiinuouseffons,hegotsuperhighgrades.ThatwashewasadminedintoShenzhen

ExperimentalSchool.

A.whyB.becauseC.whenD.what

14.WhentalkingaboutherEnglishlearningexperience,Marysaid,“Practicingeverydayismy

teacherhastoldme—it'sthekeytcimprovinglanguageskills.^^

A.howB.whichC.whatD.when

15.Whenwefightforourgoals,wewillbedevotedtow,aredoingandtrytoimproveourselves.

A.WhomB.thatC.whatD.when

二、单句语法填空

1.（2020•天津高考）Thestudentcompletedthisexperimenttomakecometrue

ProfessorJosephhadsaid.

2.（202（）•浙江高考）Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlessoncouldbe

huntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.

3.（2019•全国卷I）Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidencetheyrangeall

thewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.

4.（2019•北京高考）Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethanthey

go-

5.（2018北京高考）\\^汕。111hissupport,wewouldn'tbewearenow.

6.（2018•北京高考）Thisismyfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesand

hopeforthebest.

7.（2018•天津高考）Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedtowinsthefirstplaceinthe

bicyclerace.

8.（2018•江苏高考）Byboatistheonlywaytogethere,whichiswearrived.

能力强化•

一、阅读理解

A

Londonisacityalwaysunderconstructionanditsarchitecturevariesgreatlybetweenoldandnew.Whether

you'reanarchitectureenthusiastoracasualvisitor,Londonhaslotsofcoolbuildingstooffer.Herearcsomeofthe

bestexamples:

HousesofParliament

SituatedonthebankoftheThames,thebuildingwasdesignedbyarchitectSirCharlesBarryandcompleted

in1834.It'sconnectedtotheElizabethTower,whichhousesBigBen.Guidedtoursarcavailable,withoptionsfor

familieswithyoungkids.Tbursareavailableonselectdates,socheckonlineinadvancebeforevisiting.

NationalTheatre

DesignedbySirDenysLasdunandPeterSoftley,NationalTheatreisoneofLondon'sbestplacestoenjoy

concertsandplays.Itcontainsthreedifferenttheatersandhasbecomeamust-godestinationforvisitorssinceits

completionin1963.Theconcertsandplayscanbeextremelypopular,withticketssellingoutfarinadvance,sobe

suretobookseatsaheadofyourvisit.

TheShard

TheShardstands95storiesoverLondon.IlwasdesignedbyItalianarchitectRenzoPianoandcompletedin

2012.Itcontainsoffices,restaurantsandbars,theShangri-LaHotelandapublicviewinggallery.Theviewing

platform,whichoffers360-degreeviews,canbefoundonfloors68,69and72,andisLondon'shighestviewing

gallery.Besuretobookatimedticketinadvancewhenvisiting.

RoyalAlbertHall

Completedin1871,theconcerthallisalsohometotheannualBAFTAAwards.Ithasalonghistoryof

famousperfbnuances,fromhostingtheTitanicBandMemorialConcertin1912tobeingthesiteofAdele's

performancein2011.Manyconcertstakeplacehereeveryweek,sothereisnoneedtobookticketsonlinein

advance.

1.Whichofthefollowinghasthelongesthistory?

A.HousesofParliament.B.NationalTheatre.

C.TheShard.D.RoyalAlbertHall.

2.WhatdoNationalTheatreandRoyalAlbertHallhaveincommon?

A.Theybothrequireearlybooking.

B.Theywerebothdesignedbythesamearchitects.

C.Theyarebothespeciallyattractivetomusiclovers.

D.Theywerebothbuiltinthefirsthalfofthesamecentury.

3.What'sthetextmainlyintendedtointroduce?

A.Somemust-go(raveldestinationsinLondon.

B.SomeofthecoolestbuildingsinLondon.

C.AmazingsceneryLondonhasinstoreforvisitors.

D.ComparisonsbetweenLondon'soldandnewbuildings.

B

ChenMei,a32-year-oldcommunityworkerinGuangzhou,hasbeenhelpingelderlyresidentslearntouse

smartphonesfbr4years.Manyoldpeopleinhercommunityusedtofeelout”becausetheycouldn'torder

takeout,paybillsonline,orvideo-calltheirgrandchildren-allofwhichrequiresmartphoneskills.

Tosolvethisproblem,Chenstarteda“SmartphoneClass”in2020.EverySaturdaymorning,shemeetswith

15-20elderlypeopleinthecommunitycenter.Sheteachesthemsimpleskillsfirst:howtounlockthephone,how

toopenWcChat,andhowtosendvoicemessages.Later,shemovestomoreusefulskills,likeorderinggrocerieson

JDDaojiaorcheckingmedicalappointmentresultsonthehospital'sapp.

Chen'sclassesarcpopular.Mrs.Li,78,said,t4Bcfbrc,1hadtoaskniysontopaymyelectricitybillevery

iiiuiilli.NowIcanduilmyself!Ievenvidcu-uallmygianddauglilciinBeijingcvciyweekend.''Tumakeitcabici

fortheelderlytoremember,Chenwritesdownstep-by-stepinstructionsonlargecards—sheknowstheireyesight

isn'tasgoodasyoungpeople's.

Lastyear,Chen'sworkwasrecognizedbythelocalgoveninient.Shereceiveda“CommunityServiceSlar”

award,butshesaid,“Therealrewardisseeingtheelderssmilewhentheycanusethephoneontheirown.That's

whyIkeepdoingthis.^^

4.HowlonghasChenMeibeenhelpingtheelderlylearntousesmartphones?

A.2yearsB.3yearsC.4yearsD.5years

5.Whydidmanyelderlypeoplefeel“leftouf5accordingtoParagraph1?

A.Theyhadnoonetotalkto.

B.Theycouldn'tusesmartphones.

C.Theydidn'thavefamilymembers.

D.Theycouldn'tgooutoftheirhomes.

6.WhatdoesChenMeidotohelptheelderlyremembertheskills?

A.Shegivesthemnewsmartphones.

B.Sheaskstheirchildrentojointheclass.

C.Shewritesinstructionsonlargecards.

D.Sherecordsvideosforthemtowatch.

7.Theunderlinedword“recognized“inParagraph4probablymeans.

A.praisedandrewarded

B.doubtedandquestioned

C.forgottenandignored

D.refusedandrejected

8.WhatcanweleanifromChenMei'sstory?

A.Communityworkisboring.

B.Helpingothersbringshappiness.

C.Elderlypeopledon'tneedsmartphones.

D.Onlyyoungpeoplecanusesmartphones.

C

Wayfinding—theartofnavigatingusingthewind,stars,oceanswells,andotherenvironmentalcues——was

howsailorsfromtheMarquesasIslandsfirstdiscoveredHawaiimorethan1500yearsago.Theseskillsarehelping

torestoreasenseofprideinPacificIslandcultureandheritage.Butbeyondthat,wayfindingholdssurprising

relevancefortherestofuslandlubbingurbanites（从未出过海的城里人）,evenifwehavenointentionofcrossing

vastoceansinacanoc.

Wayfindingishowhumanshavefoundtheirwayformostofcurexistence.It'swhatenabledtheaboriginals,

ArabnomadsandInuitstojourneyacrossmonotonous（单t周的）yetshiftinglandscapesofland,desert,andicc.

Traditionalnavigationisabout“usingeverythingthat'sprovidedtoyouinnature”,saysJuniorColeman,who

overseessailingandseamanshipinhisowncompany.uWeusealltheelementsandforcesinnature—thesun,stars,

moon,waves,currents,cloudsanddifferentanimals.Allofthose.”

OneofColeman'sfavoritecues,fbrinstance,istheNorthStar."It'sveryreliablewhenyousailnorthofthe

equator.Asyougotowardsi（,i（appearstogethigherinthesky,soitkindofcorrespondswithyourlatitude（纬度）.

Anothercueisoceanswells一wavesformedbypermanentweathersystems,suchastradewinds,thatcantravel

hundredsofmiles.Subilechangesiniheirrefraction（折射）pauernscanindicateanislandanditslocation.Bui

learningto“read"suchswellsisoneofthehardestskillstomaster-navigatorsoftenspeakoflyingdownontheir

canoestofeel,ratherthansee,suchwaves.

Colemanencourageseveryonetogivenaturalnavigationago,“Ipromiseyou,thebrainjustlovesit,“he

says,“there'salmostnootherartthatIcanthinkofwhereyoucanexerciseyourbraininafantasticallypositive

way.”

9.What'sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Toputforwardanargument.B.Todescribeahistoricalfact.

C.Tomakereadersthinkdeeply.D.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.

10.Wha(doesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.JuniorColemansucc