期末记叙文专项训练讲义（含解析）译林版（2024）八年级英语上册

期末记叙文专项训练讲义（含解析）译林版（2024）八年级英语上册2024版新译林英语八年级上记叙文期末专项

核心思路：先整体把握故事，再带着问题去细读，最后分析比对得出答案。

第一步：预读与预测

目标：在1-2分钟内快速了解故事大意，激活背景知识。

1.看标题/首句：如果有标题，它能直接点明主题。如果没有，仔细阅读文章的第一段或第一句话，它们通常是故事的开端，能告诉你Who（人物）和Where（地点）。

2.扫读全文：快速浏览全文，不要纠结于生词。重点关注：

·人物名字（用笔圈出来）。

·时间状语（oneday,fivedayslater,thenextmorning等）。

·地点变化。

·情节转折词（but,however,suddenly,unfortunately,finally等）。

3.心中预测：根据以上信息，在心里简单构建故事框架：谁，在什么时候，什么地方，大概发生了一件什么事。

这个小窍门能帮你快速“进入"故事，避免一头雾水地开始读题。

第二步：审题与定位

目标：明确题目在问什么，并知道去哪里找答案。

1.仔细读题：阅读所有题目和选项，明确每个问题在问什么（是问细节、原因、猜测词义还是主旨？）。

2.划出关键词：在题目中划出人名、地名、时间、数字、核心动词等关键信息。这些是你的“定位词”。

3.记住题目顺序：记叙文的题目顺序通常和故事发展顺序一致（即“题文同序"）。第一题的答案一般在文章靠前部分，最后一题的答案在文章结尾部分。利用这个规律可以缩小寻找范围。

这一步让你从“被动阅读”变为“主动搜寻”，带着目标去读文章，效率倍增。

第三步：精读与解题

目标：回到原文，找到答案所在句，并选出正确选项。

1.按题索骥：根据第二步划出的关键词，回到文章中逐题定位。像侦探一样，找到包含关键词或与关键词同义的那一个或几个句子。

2.精读关键句：找到定位句后，仔细阅读其前后相邻的句子，确保理解了上下文语境。

3.分析比对选项：

·正确选项通常是原文信息的同义转换（换一种说法表达相同意思）。

·小心陷阱选项，它们可能：

·无中生有：文章根本没提到。

·张冠李戴：把发生在A身上的事安到B身上。

·偷换概念：与原文信息部分相似，但关键点错误。

·绝对化：使用always,never,all等绝对词汇，而原文只是相对描述。

4.处理不同题型：

·细节题：直接定位，找到即答。

·词义猜测题：回到该词所在位置，通过上下文逻辑关系（因果关系、转折关系、定义或解释）来推断。

·推理判断题：答案不是直接写在文中的，需要你根据文中给出的线索（人物的动作、语言、神情描写，或事件的结果）进行合理的逻辑推断。切记：推理必须基于原文，不能凭自己的想象。

·主旨大意题：重点关注文章的开头和结尾，以及反复出现的主题词。问自己：“这个故事主要告诉了我们什么？”

这一步是得分的关键，一定要做到“答案必有出处”，让选择有根有据。

第四步：检查与复盘

目标：确保答案合理，并从错误中学习。

1.整体检查：将所有答案代入通读一遍，看整个故事逻辑是否通顺。

2.重点复盘生词与长难句：对做题过程中遇到的影响理解的关键生词和没看懂的长难句，进行查阅和分析，积累下来。

3.总结错题：如果做错了，一定要分析原因：是没找到定位？是被陷阱迷惑？还是推理过度？总结教训，避免再犯。

口诀总结

先读首尾抓大意，审题划键定方向。定位原文找依据，比对选项排干扰。

Passage1

（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁市宿城区新区教学共同体·期末）

LastSundayevening,myparentswentoutforawalkwithmysister.ButIstudiedaloneathomebecauseIwouldhaveanEnglishtest.Suddenly,Isawbrightlightinmyneighbour’skitchen.IthoughthewascookingsoIwentonstudying.

Soon,therewasaterriblesmellintheairandIthoughtsomethingwaswrong.Iwentoutandsawfirecomingoutofmyneighbour’skitchen.SoIshouted,“Fire!Fire!”Butnooneheardorcameout.

Iranquicklyintomyhousetocall119,andthenIrangmyneighbour’sdoorbell,knockedatthedoor,buttherewasnoanswer.Igotintothehousethroughthewindowandfoundmyneighboursleepinginhisbedroom.Iwokehimupandwerushedoutofthehousetogether.

Wetriedourbesttopourwaterthroughthekitchenwindow,butthefirewastooheavy.Luckily,thefiremencameandputoutthefirequickly.Whenmyparentscameback,theyfoundIwasdirtyandtired.Aftermyneighbourtoldthemthewholestory,theywerehappyandsaidIwasabraveboy.

1．Whydidn’tthewritergooutforawalkwithhisparents

A．Becausehisparentsonlylikedhissister.

B．BecausehewouldhaveanEnglishclass.

C．BecausehehadtostudyforanEnglishtest.

D．Becausetherewasafireinhisneighbour’skitchen.

2．Whoputoutthefireatlast

A．Thewriter.B．Thewriter’sparents.

C．Thewriter’sneighbour.D．Thefiremen.

3．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinewordinparagraphy3

A．冲出B．跑进C．慢入D．离开

4．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage

A．WaystoputoutafireB．Asurprisedman

C．AbraveboyD．AnEnglishtest

Passage2

（24-25八年级上·江苏南通市海门区·期末）

Itwasanotherdaytojumpropeingymclass.LynnandMiketurnedthelongropeintobig,slowcircles.Thewholeclasshurriedtogetinlinetowaitfortheirturntojump.Milliestoodatthebackofthelineandfrowned.

Nickwentfirst.Hewatchedtheropeandraninatjusttherighttime.Everyonecounted.Hemadeitallthewayto30jumps.Oneafteranother,thekidswatchedtherope,raninandjumped.ThenitwasMillie’sturn.Shewatchedtheropegoaroundandaround,butshedidn’tmove.Shefeltlikeeveryonewaslookingather.

Millie’sfriendscheered,“Go,Millie,go!"

Millie’sfaceturnedred.Atlast,shegaveitatry,butshefailed.

ThetruthwasthatMilliehadbeenjumpingropeathomeeveryday.Withashortrope,shecouldjump100timeswithoutmissing.Shejustdidn’tknowhowtoruninandstartjumpingwithalongrope.Sinceshewastheonlykidonherstreet,therewasnoonetohelpturnthelongrope.

Justthen,MsMiles,thegymteacher,broughtoutabunchofshortjumpropes.

“Let’sseehowlongeachoneofyoucanjumpwithoutmissing,”shesaidasshegaveeachstudentashortrope.“Ready,set.Go!"

Milliesmiledforthefirsttimeeveringymclass.Asshejumped,shesangrhymesquicklytoherself.

Afterawhile,Millierealizedthateveryonewascheering,“Go.Millie,go!”

________Thesurprisealmostmadehermissastep,butshekeptgoing.Whenshewastootiredtogoon,shestopped.Thewholeclasscheered.Everyonewaslookingatherandsmiling.Milliesmiledback!

1．Theunderlinedword“frowned"inParagraph1probablymeans________.

A．feltsleepyB．lookedunhappyC．seemedangryD．lookedexcited

2．WhatproblemdidMilliehaveatfirst

A．Shedidn’thaveanyfriendsinherclass.

B．Shedidn’tfeelhappybecauseNickmadefunofher.

C．Shedidn’tknowthecheersthattheotherkidsknew.

D．Shedidn’tknowhowtostartjumpingwithalongrope.

3．WhydidMilliesmileforthefirsttimeingymclass

A．Becauseshewascertainshecoulddoitwell.

B．Becausesheknewtheclasswouldcheerforher.

C．Becauseshethoughtshewasgoingtomakeafriend.

D．Becauseshebelievedshewouldbethewinnerofthecontest.

4．Whichsentencecanweputonthelineinthelastparagraph

A．Milliewasunsureaboutthejumping.

B．Millietriedthelongrope,butfailed.

C．Millietriedtohideinthebackoftheline.

D．Milliewastheonlyonestilljumpingrope.

Passage3

（24-25八年级上·江苏淮安市淮州中学·期末）

“WhydoIliveWhydoIwishforanything,ordoanythingIsthereanythinginmylifethatwillnotbedestroyedbymydeath”LikeLeoTolstoy,thefamousRussianwriter,manypeopleaskthesedifficultquestions.Tolstoyspenthiswholelifetryingtoanswerthesedifficultquestions.

Asayoungman,hethoughtpeoplecouldachieveperfectioniftheytriedhardenough.Soheworkedveryhardtobethebestineverything.Hethoughtthathewouldfindmeaningandtruthinsuccess(成功).

Inthe1850s,Tolstoywrotehisfirststories.Hewroteabouthislifeinthearmy(军队).Healsotoldstoriesabouthischildhood.Theseworkswerepublished(出版)andTolstoybecameawell-knownwriter.

Hegottherespecthealwayswanted.ManyrichandsmartmenmetandtalkedwithTolstoy.Someofthemwerewriterslikehim.Theytalkedalotaboutfaith(信仰)andthemeaningoflife.ButsoonTolstoyrealizedthatthesemenwerenotperfect.Nowheknewtheycouldnotanswerhisquestionsaboutfaith.

Sointhe1860s,Tolstoytriedadifferentwaytofindthemeaningoflife.Heopenedaschoolforthechildrenofhisserfs—thepeoplewhoworkedonhisland.Theseworkerswereverypoor.Hewantedtohelpthembecausehethoughttheyweremorehonestthantherichpeopleheknew.

Tolstoylearnedalotfromhisworkers.Heunderstoodhowtheyworkedhardtosupporttheirfamilies.Hebegantobelievethatmarriageandfamilywouldgivehislifemeaning.Soin1862,LeoTolstoymarriedayoungwomannamedSonyaBehrs.

Thenext15yearswerethebestyearsofTolstoy’slife.Itwasduringthistimethathewrotehismostfamousbooks—WarandPeaceandAnnaKarenina.ManyexpertssaythatWarandPeaceisoneofthegreatestbookseverwritten.Inthesebooks,Tolstoybelievedhumansshouldliveasimplelifeandtakecareoftheirfamilies.Tolstoythoughtthiswouldbringhimhappiness.

LeoTolstoyisstillaveryrespectedwritertoday.Hisfaithandwritingshaveinfluenced(影响)manypeopleallovertheworld.

1．Whichisthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents

①Tolstoyservedinthearmy.

②Tolstoygotmarried.

③TolstoywroteWarandPeace.

④Tolstoyopenedaschool.

⑤Tolstoybecameawell-knownwriter.

A．①⑤③②④B．⑤①③②④C．①⑤④②③D．⑤④①③②

2．WhydidTolstoywanttobethebestineverythingwhenhewasyoung

A．Toprepareforhisbooks.B．Toachieveperfection.

C．Tomakealotofmoney.D．Toshowhiswisdom.

3．Tolstoythoughthewouldlearnalotfromhisworkersbecausetheywere________.

A．poorB．honestC．friendlyD．patient

4．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout

A．LeoTolstoy:Livingforwriting.

B．LeoTolstoy:Influencingtheworld.

C．LeoTolstoy:Beingthebestineverything.

D．LeoTolstoy:Searchingforthemeaningoflife.

Passage4

（24-25八年级上·江苏南通市海安市·期末）

Lookatthepicture!DoyouknowwhotheyoungmanwithglassesisHeisNimaRinjiSherpafromNepal.Heisonly18yearsold,buthemadeanewworldrecord.OnOct9,2024heclimbedtothetopofMountShishapangmainXizangforthefirsttime.Beforethis,heclimbed13othermountains.Allthese14mountainsarethetallestonEarth.Andeachofthemstandsover8,000metersabovesealevel.

Nimaisaverymodest(谦逊的)andshyyoungboy.Healwayswearsasmileonhisfaceandnevertalksmuchabouthisownabilities.Whenhewasalittleboy,heoftenwenthikingwithhisfamily.Helikedtakingbeautifulphotosalongtheway.Hisfatherandunclesareverygoodclimberswithalotofexperience.TheytaughtNiammanyclimbingskills.Hestartedclimbingthetallestmountainsattheageof16.Ittookhimonly740daystoclimballofthem.Nowheistheyoungestpersonintheworldtodothis.

Afterthat,NimaRinjiSherpatoldtheBBCthatheenjoyedclimbingthemountains.Inhiseyes,climbingmountainscanshowhowstrong,braveandpassionate(有激情的)peoplecanbe!Hesays,“WhenIstandonthetopofthemountains,theothermountainsappearsosmall."Hissuccesstellsusthatnothingisimpossibleaslongaswedecide.

1．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph1&2

A．Nimahasclimbedonly13mountainstillnow.

B．Nimabegantoclimbmountainsattheageof16.

C．Nimaspent740daysclimbingShishapangma.

D．Nimaisaverystrongclimberfullofexperience.

2．WhichwordsbestdescribeNima’sfeelingsafterreachingthetopofthemountains

A．Excitedandproud.B．Happybutunlucky.C．Sadandworried.D．Surprisedbutafraid.

3．WhatisthebestChinesefortheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph

A．拾级登高处，临风望远山。B．千山鸟飞绝，万径人踪灭。

C．会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。D．云光侵履迹，山翠拂人衣。

4．Whatmightbethecorrectorderofwhathappenedinthepassage

①Nimafinishedclimbing13othermountains.②Nima’sfatherandunclestaughthimmuchexperience.③BBCinvitedNimatotalkabouthisfeelings.④NimareachedthetopofMountShishapangma.⑤Nimastartedtoclimbthetallestmountainsat16.

A．②①④⑤③B．②⑤①④③

C．⑤②①③④D．⑤①③②④

Passage5

（24-25八年级上·江苏泰州市海陵区·期末）

GongZizhenwasafamouspoetandthinkerintheQingDynasty.HewasborninZhejiangin1792.Whenhewasyoung,heworkedveryhardandwascrazyaboutreading.In1839,hewroteover300poems.Mostofthemwereaboutsocialproblems.OneofthemwasMiscellaniesoftheYear1839（V）(《己亥杂诗》)anditclearlyshowedhisstrongfeelingsofsavingpoorpeopleanddoingsomethingforthecountry.

Atfirst,Gongwroteaboutwhatwashappeningatthattime.AsamemberofgovernmentoftheQingDynasty,GongagreedwithLinZexu’sdecision.However,theyfailedandGonghadtoreturntohishometown.

Then,Gongwroteaboutthefallingsun.InChinesepoetry,towriteaboutthefallingsunistowriteaboutthepassingoftimeandthelossofhope.ItwasclearthatthepoetwassadtoleaveBeijingbecausehehadmanyfriendsthere.Hewasalsosadthathelostthechancetoworkforthecountry.

Gong’ssadnesswastrue,butitdidn’tgoontoolong.Attheendofthepoem,Gongwroteaboutthe“fallenflowers”.Hedidn’tsaymuchabouthissadnessanymore.Hetoldthereaderstobelievefallenflowerswouldnurture(滋养)flowersgrowthnextspringinstead.Asapatriot(爱国主义者),hewentontoteachalotofexcellentstudentsduringtherestofhislife.Hestillcaredaboutthecountryandwoulddosomethingforthecountryinotherways.

1．GongwrotethepoemMiscellaniesoftheYear1839(V)_________.

A．atayoungageB．inhislastyearsC．inhisfortiesD．inhisthirties

2．Gongfeltsadabout_________accordingtothepassage.

A．teachingmorestudentsB．stoppingwritingpoems

C．meetingfriendsinBeijingD．doingnothingforthecountry

3．Fallingsunusuallymeans_________inChinesepoetry.

A．returningtohometownB．beinginthegovernment

C．losingthehopeD．writingpoems

4．InGong’spoems,“fallenflowers"referto_________.

A．himselfB．autumnC．feelingD．country

5．Accordingtopassage,howdidGongfeelwhenreturningtohometown

A．Proud.B．Sad.C．Happy.D．Bored.

Passage6

（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州市梅岭教育集团·期末）

Sammycheckedhiscalendar.“Yes!”hecried,jumpingoutofbed.“ImeanNO!It’sOppositeDay(反话日)!"Heputhisshirtoninsideoutandwalkedbackwarddownthehall.

“Goodnight,Mom,”hesaidinthekitchen.“Haveabaddayatwork!"“What’swrong”askedmom.“It’sOppositeDay!"Sammyexplained.

Sammyandhisfriendscameacrossatthebusstopandwaved.“Good-bye!”theysaidatthesametime.

Atschool,thekidsweregoingintothedoormarkedExit.“What’swrong"askedtheheadteacher.“It’sOppositeDay!”saidthestudents.

Duringmath,thekidsaddedwhenthesignsaidtosubtracts(减法).“What’swrong"criedtheirteacher,Ms.Trix.“It’sOppositeDay!”saidtheclass.“That’sright,"saidMs.Trix.“Inthatcase,there’snohomeworktonight.”“Yay!"saidthekids.Butthentheyrememberedwhatdayitwas.Ms.Trixwrotetheirhomeworkontheboard.

Thatafternoon,Ms.Trixaskedthekidstopresenttheirbookreports.“Ohno!”thoughtSammy.He’dbeensoexcitedaboutOppositeDaythathehadlefthisreportathome.“Makesomethinguportellthetruth",Sammythoughttohimself.“Ms.Trix,”hesaidwhenshecalledonhim,“Sorry,Iwon’tbeabletoturninmyreporttoday."Ms.TrixlooksatSammyforawhileandlaughed.“Igetit!OppositeDay.Iguessthatmeansyouwillturnitintomorrow!Well,Iexpectittobeterrible.Andbythat,Imeangreat!”Sammybreathedasighofrelief(松了口气).ThankstoOppositeDay!

1．OnOppositeDay,ifSammywantstogotobed,hewillsay“________".

A．Goodmorning!B．Goodafternoon!C．Goodevening!D．Goodnight!

2．WhichordershowsthewholedayofSammy

a.Sammymademistakesduringmath.

b.Sammycouldn’tturnhishomeworkin.

c.SammyfounditwasOppositeday.

d.SammywentintothedoormarkedExit.

A．c-b-d-aB．d-b-a-cC．c-d-a-bD．a-b-d-c

3．WhichofthefollowingshowshowSammy’sfeelingschangedovertime

A．happy-relieved-excitedB．excited-worried-relieved

C．happy-worried-angryD．excited-angry-worried

4．WhatdoyouthinkofMs.Trix

A．patientbutboringB．humorousbutcareless

C．kindandsmartD．seriousandcareful

答案

Passage1

【答案】1．C

2．D

3．A

4．C

【导语】本文讲述了一位男孩独自在家时发现邻居家起火并成功救出邻居的故事。

1．细节理解题。根据“ButIstudiedaloneathomebecauseIwouldhaveanEnglishtest.”可知，作者没有和父母出去散步是因为他要为英语测试而学习，故选C。

2．细节理解题。根据“Luckily,thefiremencameandputoutthefirequickly."可知，最后是消防员扑灭了火，故选D。

3．词句猜测题。根据上下文语境，发生火灾时，情况紧急，“werushedoutofthehousetogether”意思是“我们一起冲出房子”，rushedout表达快速离开所处空间，即“冲出”，故选A。

4．最佳标题题。根据“Aftermyneighbourtoldthemthewholestory,theywerehappyandsaidIwasabraveboy."以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一位男孩独自在家时发现邻居家起火并成功救出邻居的故事。所以“Abraveboy”（一个勇敢的男孩）能很好地概括文章主旨。故选C。

Passage2

【答案】1．B

2．D

3．A

4．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了体育课上跳绳的经历让Millie意识到自己在长绳跳绳上的不足，但当老师换成短绳后，Millie表现出色，赢得了全班同学的欢呼。

1．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“Itwasanotherdaytojumpropeingymclass.LynnandMiketurnedthelongropeintobig,slowcircles.Thewholeclasshurriedtogetinlinetowaitfortheirturntojump."可知，当天是体育课跳绳的日子，Lynn和Mike摇长绳，全班学生都排队等着跳绳，再根据“Milliestoodatthebackoftheline”可知，Millie站在队伍后面，由此可推知，她对于跳绳这件事是不开心的，划线词“frowned"意为“看起来不开心”。故选B。

2．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Shejustdidn’tknowhowtoruninandstartjumpingwithalongrope."可知，Millie一开始的问题是不知道如何跑进长绳并开始跳绳。故选D。

3．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“ThetruthwasthatMilliehadbeenjumpingropeathomeeveryday.Withashortrope,shecouldjump100timeswithoutmissing.”可知，事实上，Millie每天都在家跳绳，用短绳她可以连续跳100次，再根据第六段“Justthen,MsMiles,thegymteacher,broughtoutabunchofshortjumpropes."以及“shegaveeachstudentashortrope”可知，体育老师拿出短绳给每个学生，由此可推知，Millie确信自己能跳得很好，所以她在体育课上第一次笑了。故选A。

4．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Afterawhile,Millierealizedthateveryonewascheering,‘Go.Millie,go!’"可知，过了一会儿，Millie意识到大家都在为她欢呼，再根据空后一句“Thesurprisealmostmadehermissastep,butshekeptgoing.”可知，这个惊喜差点让她跳错一步，但她继续跳，由此可推知，此时只有Millie还在跳绳，D选项“Millie是唯一一个还在跳绳的人"符合语境。故选D。

Passage3

【答案】1．C

2．B

3．B

4．D

【导语】本文主要讲述了列夫·托尔斯泰一生探寻生命意义的历程，包括他不同人生阶段的相关经历与思考。

1．细节理解题。根据“Inthe1850s,Tolstoywrotehisfirststories.Hewroteabouthislifeinthearmy(军队).”可知，首先是在军队服役，即①；根据“Theseworkswerepublished(出版)andTolstoybecameawell-knownwriter."可知，然后是成为一名著名作家，即⑤；根据“Sointhe1860s,...Heopenedaschoolforthechildrenofhisserfs”可知，接下来是创办学校，即④；根据“Soin1862,LeoTolstoymarriedayoungwomannamedSonyaBehrs."可知，然后是结婚，即②；根据“Thenext15yearswerethebestyearsofTolstoy’slife.Itwasduringthistimethathewrotehismostfamousbooks—WarandPeaceandAnnaKarenina.”可知，最后是写了《战争与和平》，即③。综上，正确的顺序为①⑤④②③。故选C。

2．细节理解题。根据“Asayoungman,hethoughtpeoplecouldachieveperfectioniftheytriedhardenough.Soheworkedveryhardtobethebestineverything."可知，年轻时托尔斯泰想在各方面做到最好是为了达到完美。故选B。

3．细节理解题。根据“Hewantedtohelpthembecausehethoughttheyweremorehonestthantherichpeopleheknew.”可知，托尔斯泰认为能从工人那里学到很多是因为他们更诚实。故选B。

4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了托尔斯泰一生都在探寻生命的意义，从年轻时的想法，到后来通过不同方式去寻找，即本文是关于托尔斯泰对生命意义的探索。故选D。

Passage4

【答案】1．B

2．A

3．C

4．B

【导语】本文主要讲述了尼马从16岁开始攀登最高的山峰，只用了740天就攀登了世界上最高的14座山峰，成为世界上攀登这些山峰的最年轻的人。

1．细节理解题。根据“Hestartedclimbingthetallestmountainsattheageof16."可知，尼玛16岁开始爬山。故选B。

2．推理判断题。根据“Inhiseyes,climbingmountainscanshowhowstrong,braveandpassionate(有激情的)peoplecanbe!”可推知，尼马攀登山峰后是兴奋和自豪的。故选A。

3．词句猜测题。根据“WhenIstandonthetopofthemountains,theothermountainsappearsosmall."可知，这里表达的意思是“一览众山小”。故选C。

4．细节理解题。根据“Hisfatherandunclesareverygoodclimberswithalotofexperience."可知尼马的父亲和叔叔教了他很多经验，所以②排在第一位；根据“Hestartedclimbingthetallestmountainsattheageof16.”可知，尼马16岁开始攀登最高的山峰，所以⑤排在第二位；根据“Beforethis,heclimbed13othermountains."可知，尼马在攀登希夏邦马峰前已经攀登了13座山峰，所以①排在第三位；根据“Heisonly18yearsold,